Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Published WciIhcm! i.s ami Saturday. ?BY? OSTEEN PUBLISHING COMPANY SUMTE lt. S. C. I rrm*: iltil per annum?in advance. tdvcrtUemcnts One Square first insertion.$1.0u Xvery subsequent Insertion.II Contracts for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. All communication* which sub Mrve private Interests will >< * barged for ?8 advertisements. Obituaries and tributes of resp? ci will be charged for. The *um?er Watchman was found? ed In H5u and the True Southron in IMC The Watchman and Southron sow h ta th* combined circulation and Influence cf both of the old papers, and la manifestly the best advertising ?is It inn lit Sumter. The auditor is now waiting to git the tax return list from Shlloh town? ship so that he can notify those who haw had prapgrty valms tilled OS them and a date can be set for the meeting of the county board of as? sessor.* KXEttTIVt <<>MMITHI Mills Conimitic?m Vpp anted ? $ 100 \p pn>|>rhitetl fin- Merchant's and Manufacturer'* \*o*o<dntlon. The execut 1 i immlttee of the Chamb? r of Commerce m? t Monday afternoon shortly after six o'clock in the Council Chamber with a small attendance present., The only busl passi of Importance transacted was the appointment of committees and the ptassing of a resolution to appropriate lift to ssslst the South Carolina Mer? chants and Manufacturer's Associa? tion in sending a capable attorney to nt the State Association at the meeting of this body. Tho first matter brought up after to* jaseting was opened was the ap t? ntment of committees. After gorse discussion it was decided to rat the appointments which had been . , de by the chairman of the various nmtltesa. The- special committee which had t- ?a appointed to meet with the rep? resentatives of the S. C. M. and M. association recommended that an ap 'prlation of 11 "0 b*? granted to is t the State association in employ f d capable representative to s.-r.d this meeting. It was decided to er this mattet tu ;h< fli i 1 cc ;wu. ttec with power to act. A letter from the Camden Chamber Commerce was received as Infor anstlon. It was decided that this ? Araber of Commerce do not send a r presentatlve to Camden to discuss Itters pertaining to the Northwest? er.i railroad. \ recommendation which was made freight rates was r ?Nrred to th proper commt- w the appolnt nt of h legislative committee. Th* constitution of the Charleston amber of Comm?ri? was referred a committee consisting of Messrs. A* I Uyttenberg. Oeo. W. Dick and II. <; OstSSJ* wh" should hav? pow r to formulate a constitution by the next rmeting of the executlv? commit? tee. l?r. luck as chairman of the 0OSS? mitt n o i ?i t i ?? for the Chamber of forum r? . reported that he had not > t mad- arrangements for quar? ters and asked that he be glveri further time to make hi* r port. He asked that perinls.MH.il ,,f city Council be procur? >l allowing them to continue to hold their meetings in Council Chan t ? r until oth- r arrangem ents eould be made. It was decided that all commltt- - having business be ready to make r ports at the next meeting of the . \ ?? Utlve c. mniltte?.. h was also decid? ed the! this me. ting he held at th- gall of tav president and that n<? tine be appointed f..r holding It. Mr. S. H. Edmunds reported thai th?? . mmittee on th ? Mayor s resig nati? a b id < sen plots a* Ihs btMrts entrust! d t? It. This SOonsaittOO, up? on i m i ?on made ?,\ Mr. J. II. Chan II r was thanked OP behalf of the Chamber of Commerce for th It s*r\ I? M I. I Parr ?tt stated that he had be. n waited op by a c.mlttee from tb?- ?'tvl<- league who had made .? proppSlttOl to the effect that the Nur-* 11> adwuart'-rs be used as ;i rest r??? m for ladl-s spending the day In th- city. This matter was re ferred |g his committee for further action and to be report ?d back st the next meeting of the executive com? mit*. ? The committee on the status of membership of firms and corporations rep"rt?d that It was not n*ady to make Its report yet. It was decided that tin- immb-r ship committee should hive charge of ihr collecting of d oe i. a jaflsw fee Hag makes us won. drous kind -Oarrlck. Bend us rcejf Job work. A Man-of-War Wears More Than One Suit ot Clothes. INNER AND OUTER GARMENTS. Bsaides Its Coat of Armor Plate It Has ? Special Set of Underclothes to Pro tect the Vital Parts of Its Anatomy. Minerai Wool Mufflers." Battleships wear coats of stout ar? mor plate, as everybody knows, but everybody does not know that they wear undergarments which are pro? duced chiefly from cocoanuts. Your most powerful man of-war is really a ?ery delicate object and requires special underclothing so that some vital parts of its anatomy may not be? come too cold and so that other equal? ly vital portious may not become too hot From stem to stem, which is another way of saying from head to toe. your enormous super-Dreadnought Is envel? oped in an uudergnrment placed im mediately behind its toix oat or armor plate. This is its special mackintosh, or. rather, waterproof, which acts as a protection from tire ns well as water. In the ordinary way if a shot pierced the side of I battleship water would pour in at the hole and possibly the ship might sink, but this is obviated by providing a backing to the armor Great secrecy is kept in the various navies regarding the material used and Its arraugement In many of the Istest battleships, however, tho coating Is made of cellu? lose, which again is obtained from the fibrous cocoanut rind. Cellulose pos- i sesses the peculiar property of swell? ing Immediately if It comes in contact with salt wster. Therefore the moment that water pours in at a hole at the ship's side the cellulose almost In? stantly expands and so closes the aper? ture. Of course the cellulose is es- j pecialty treated In order to render It fireproof. A man of-war has its vitality enor? mously diminished if certain portions of it become too cold. In much the same way as its human tenants. Ac? cordingly its boiler and steam pipes are clothed with "Jackets." In some cases the Jackets are made of ordinary blanketing, others of a fibrous clay-like composition or even of close grained wood. In general the material used for a ship's underclothing of this de? scription consists of mineral wool. However, the great ship is more like? ly to suffer from the elects of heat than from those of cold. There Is al? ways the danger owing to the newer typ- of gigchlnery ens ployed that the) powder magazines ?u:.y gtr too hi I In the latest v.-u ?'wir the - .-? ? aro surrounded uy a th? k c.?> (lng of miner..! wool. Mineral **.u? I by the way, bus nothing win re- er ?o Go wiMi wool, as it consists of a mass of snowy threads of a kind of glass. It Is made by blowing jets of high pressure steam through the furnaces in the manufac? ture of iron and steel. Enormous quantities of this strange variety of wool are used on board for the purposes of underclothing the bulk? heads and the more delicate portions of the snip's body. This invaluable substance acts equally well as a pro? tector from heat and from cold. It is such a remarkable nonconductor of heat that it is used for covering the refrigerators and the cold storage chambers and therefore the explosive stores. In the dockyards all men who are employed in packing the mineral wool in the spuces on the ships are obliged to wear masks. This is to prevent the sharp ueedlelike particles from being Inhaled and so causing chest troubles of fatal character. The ammunition rooms themselves are kept cool by a refrigerating plant in addition to being clothed in mineral wool, the same applying to the ammu? nition passages. The wool is also packed between the double bulkheads which separate the boiler spaces from the other portions of the vessel. Alto? gether the uses of the mineral wool on board are extremely numerous. Even reindeer hair is to be met with on board in the capacity of a particular sort of underclothing. This material is very light?considerably lighter than cork, for Instance?and it Is not so sub? ject to decay. For this reason among Its many uses it U of great value as a filling for the life buoys. - Boston Trsns ript. Cheap Family History. Bvafl lu political defeat there are compensations, a Waahlngton height! man who aspired to ofBce tells of one that be discovered. "Moat hare cost you ? pile of money to run, didn't it?" a friend usked. "ai.out *i.?<<*>, imt still i came out HOQ ahead." "How7" said the friend. "On genealogical research. My wife has a SOCiglj Ih?o hi her t>ounet and hud al>out agreed to pay a man $2,000 to lo<?l; up my family history, but when i became a candidate my oppo? nents did that for DM and saved us the money."?New York Times. Quick Both Ways. A Scotch laird once said to his serv? ant, John, who had complained of his temper. "1 am sure, John, It Is nae ?Uiier on than It's off.,? -Aye." takl John; "hut, laird, it's nae miner off than it's on." Not at All Necessary. *Whnf was the cause of the quarrel with your husband f -I want you to understand. Judge, that when we want to fight we don't nave t I have a cause"?Now York Tress. Judge j. w. Ream of Wedgefleld, was in the city Monday. Puzzling Aspects of Utah's Won? derful Saline Sea. ONE OF NATURE'S MYSTERIES Science Unabio to Solve the Problem of Its Escaping Waters and Dimin? ishing Area?The Maelstrom Near Antelope Island. The Great salt lake of Utah am Untief to be one of the greatest mys? teries of nature. For sixty years its rise' and fall have been studied by sci? entists in an effort to account for the changes, but as yet they have reached no satisfactory solution of the prob? lem rts to what is the principal cause of the decrease in Its depth. Those familiar with its depth and the shrinking In its size each yeai assert that at the end of twenty years or so the l>ed of the lake will be near? ly all exposed, with the possible ex? ception of a few Shallow pools of WO? ter. Then perhaps the mystery con nocted with it will be solved. Iq its dimension! the lake is really a sea, it being above seventy live miles in length and fifty miles across at its greatest width, containing, therefore, over 2,000 square miles of sin-face Near the shores the water is so shal? low that there are places where one may wade out from the beach for a distance of n mile, yet will not be im? mersed up to his shoulders. The buoyancy of the water is %uch that it is almost impossible for one I to remain on his feet at a greater depth, his body being lifted up as a strip of wood thrown into the water in a vertical or oblique direction like a dart is returned to the surface in n horizontal position. Indeed, it is believed the Great Salt lake will support more weight to a given volume of water than even the Pead sea, to which in many respects it bears a striking similarity. The large quantity of salt in solu? tion is the principal reason for the buoyancy. As the lake recedes Its bottom is shown to be composed of a heavy crust of salt, which is almost 1 pure, lying upon a stratum that con ; slsts chiefly of sand. In this respect the bed of the lake is similar to some of the deserts in the southwest which once contained bodies of water equal in size to that in Utah or even larger. It is known that the Great Salt lake loses a large quantity of water yearly I by evaporation, but estimates of this quantity indicate that it is far lees I than that annually poured into the ' * - i *? . the rtvers and n?~ nn*/nf , log it. J Sv> far ns is known no natural outlet exists, but the lake supplies go irrigst lag system in the country adjacent that requires a ijcui.L.'.j ' 1 v;" I j ly equal to a depth of four Inches of 1 the present area. This is a very small proportion of the volume of water that I enters it through its feeders, 60 the scientists know the water escapes in some other manner than by the Irri? gation canal or by evaporation. ' This is proved by the fact that the increase in the quantity that enters the lake at a rainy season at times does not increase its depth, and the records show that actually it has fallen immediately after the Jordan and , other streams have contributed a larger volume than usual. I Near what is called Antelope island Is an indication that a subterranean opening exists. Frequently the waters near the Island are so violently dis? turbed that people in the vicinity rail this place the ?'maelstrom" and care fully avoid it wheu on the* lake in boats. A number of years ago. it is said, a sailing vessel loaded with sheep chauced to approach too near the "maelstrom." and despite the strong breeze that was blowing the force of the water was greater than the power of the sails, the vessel bel?g drawn into the middle of the disturbance and capsized. Although sheep are natural ly strong swimmers and land was but a few hundred feet away, not one of the animals escaped and most of the carcasses went under nev?r to appear again. While the buoyancy of the water is so great that it will support si person without aid. the boats designed for use upon the lake must be constructed es? pecially to counteract this feature. The ordinary wooden vessel when empty Is actually too light to be navigated With safety upon it, since such a small portion of it would be immersed. Care must therefore be taken, especially in the building of sailboats, lest they be top heavy, For this reason navigation Is dangerous on the lake even when there is only a moderate wind, unless the sailing vessel is loaded heavily so that it sits deep enough in the water to counteract the buoyant tendency. New York Press. Tha Lavish Jenkins. In October. 1880, a religiously mind* ed Buckinghamshire farmer named Jenkins brought his firstborn to the parish church to be christened, ami this was to be the name: Abel Benja? min Caleb Daniel Ezra Felix Gabriol Haggal laaae Jacob ICIsu Levl Ma noab Nehemlah Obdlnh Peter Quartus Rechab Samuel Toblab Uszlel Vanlah Word Xystuf Kecharlab. it will be observed th*tt the names are all ar ranged in alphabetical order and are as f;ir as possible seiet ted from Scrip hire. It was only with the very great est difficulty that the clergyman dis? suaded Mr Jenkins from doing the lasting wrong to his child that he had unwittingly devised, but eventually it wus decided to chrlaten the boy simplj Abel.-Chambers' Journal Mr. C. IT, King spent Sunday in Etennettsvtlle with friends BURNT COFi'.C. The Paste Used by Minstrol Perform ers When "Slacking Up." Tin- popular Impression as i<? the u;> plicatlou of burnt cork by ml us t re i performers and actors In general in that it is robbed on the face aud bands of the player from a cork whose end Is charred in a convenient gas jet. Tills Impression is. however, Incorrect. Tb ? burnt cork used by minstrels aud others is the product of the theatrical "paint factories," just as is any other cosmetic or pigment employed by the profession. One house makes it in the following manner: The corks are placed in three tin vessels, resembling wash boilers, with holes punched in their *ides and bottom. Alcohol is sprinkled over the corks, and they they are "tired." Whe t the corks have been properly charred they are placed in muslin sacks, which are kneaded in barrels of water. This operation forces the powdered charcoal through the sacks into the water. When all the charred corks have been worked through the Backs into the water in this way the water is drained through a close canvas sack, and what remains in that sack is ready for the performers. Tho stuff is put up in cans, from which, when the minstrel is ready to "black up." lie takes a little of the black paste in his hands and applies it to his face, nee1; and sometimes his hands. -New York Herald. A CURIOUS BIRD. The Crested Hoactzin When Hatched Has Four Legs. The crested hoactzin of British Gui? ana is the only survivor of a certain race of birds most of which are now known only as fossils. The hoactzin Inhabits the most secluded forests of South America, and its survival be? yond Jts congeners is doubtless owing to its retiring habits and to the fact that It feeds on wild arum leaves, which give Its flesh a most offensive flavor, rendering it unfit for food. j The chief peculiarity of the hoactzin consists in the fact that when it is hatched it possesses four well develop? ed legs. The young birds leave the nest and climb about like monkeys over the adjoining limbs and look more like tree ' toads than birds. I The modification of the fore limbs I begins at once after hatching, when I the claws of the digits fall off and the I whole clawlike hand begins to flatten and become wing shaped. Feathers soon appear, and before full growth is j reached not a vestige remains of the original character, j The adult birds not only have no ? claws upon their wings, but their j thumbs even are so poorly developed tbftt one would hardly inspect that ii the nestlings we have jLo nearest ap proach to a Quadruped found among exfeHnj Llrds London Tit-Blta, ? 1 uoy 'So ?..-.- I . - j ! There Is but one way of making tea, for? Unless the water boiling be To pour on water spoils the tea. j The teapot Itself should be heated I very hot before the tea is placed in it and the boiling water poured on. It should be scalding hot water or the . leaves will float to the top. No less authority than Tung Po, the Chinese poet, is quoted for a recipe for teamaking. He says: "Whenever tea j Is to be infused take water from a running stream and boll It over a live- j ly fire. It Is an old custom to use run? ning water, boiled over a ,,vely Are. That from springs in the hills is said to be best and river water the next, while well water is the worst. A lively fire is a clear, bright charcoal fire. When making an infusion do not boil the water too hastily. At first it begins to sparkle like crabs' eyes, then somewhat like fish's eyes, and lastly It boils up like pearls innumerable springing and waving ubout. This, is the way to boll water." "Touch Not the Queen." Under this title a Paris journal pro? fesses to give an account of the tragic death of the queen of Slam, who was as greatly loved us her consort. Some years ago her majesty was boating with ladles of the court in a lake in the gardens of the palace at Bangkok. The boat overturned, and the queen could not sw im. She was surrounded by nu? merous personages who could have saved her life, but no one has the right to extend the hand upon the queen. The king alone could have held her up and prevented her from sinking, and he was nowhere at hand. Respectful? ly the court allowed the queen to drown. An Unreasonable Friend. Several young artists in Philadelphia are teliiug a story on another wielder of the brush who is a fellow member In a little club, one of the rules of the dub Is thai each member must keep his finished paintings up to a certain number. The artist on whom the story is told Is noted for his Indolence, lie keeps up to the requirement regarding tho number, but never exceeds it. Hut for his distaste for work the artist probably would be very comfortably tixinl financially, as he has consider? able talent. As a matter of fact, he Is usually on the edge of penury. Sev? eral days ago, when his exchequer was Unusually low, a friend visited him In his studio. The friend looked at sev? eral of the paintings, while the attist lay on a couch, smoking a pipe. "I like this," the friend finally said, pointing to one of them. He named a good price which he v\as willing to pay. The srtis! looked at him mourn fully "Aw. dont do that." he said. "If you do I'll have to paint another."? Philadelphia Times I _ Miss Henry, of Tlmmonsvllle, was in town Monday, eonomy The manufacturers of Royal Bak? ing Powder have always declined to produce a cheap baking powder at the sacrifice of quality. Royal Baking Powder is made from pure grape cream of tartar, and is the embodiment of all the excellence possible to be attained ii the high? est class baking powder. Royal Baking Powder costs only a fair price, and is more economical at its price than any other leavening agent, because of the superlative quality and absolute wholesomeness of the food it makes. Mixtures made in imitation of baking powders, but containing alum, are frequently distributed from door to door, or given away in grocery stores. Such mixtures are dangerous to use in food. In England, France, Germany and some sections of the United States their sale is prohibited by law. Alum is a dangerous mineral acid, and all physicians condemn baking powders containing it The label of alum baking Bowttoi** must nhow tho Ingredient** READ THE IABEL Real Kstato Transfers. ; Bland, 45 4-1 s~\:>oo. i real J. T. China io J, Maye*. ?1 The following transfers of real J. T. China io J. ... estate were recorded during the past Premises of Wright street, $2,200. A. L. Austin to J. K. Crosswell, six lots on Edward street, $800. Amy Boasard I ? Georsje D. Sh >re, lot on Calhoun u *e t 11,400. two weeks in the office of the coun aorooK, lot ,. i or bett street, $123. T. H. Williams to H^nry P. Moses, lot on Harvtn street, $1,400. REA1?!. Miss Mary Hamilton Withcrspoon died at "Coldstream" plantation, her home near Sal??m Crick church, at 7 I. C. Trlplett to Edwin Wilson. 3 4)>lock this morning after art illness lots in Mayesvilh . consideration. $1.00 and other of about two weeks aged 4$ years. The deceased was the youngest sur The Rembert Company to Jenkins ^ng daughter of the late Hamilton Kendruk, lot in town of Rembert. witherspoon of Salem. Black River, and a sister of Mr Robert With??r The Rembert Company to T. B. I gpoon ot Yorkville and Mrs. W. J. Wright, lot in town of Rembert, $130. McKay 0f this city. The funeral ser Geurge D. Spears to R. W. Haw- V1( ,.s win be heW at Malern. (Brick) ley, lot and premises on Main -street, (.nurch at n o'clock tomorrow, Wed $3,500. ' nesday, morning. James W. Hodge to John K. Mc- _ Elveen, S5 acres in county, $100. The Rembert Company to Eugene Peaster, lot In town ??f Rembert, $125. The T. C. Williams Realty Com? pany to A. E. Breeg, lot on Broad Btreet place. $300. R. D. Lee. et al, to W. B. Boyle, ^-10 acres, $126. Joe Dunlap. the A. C. L. engineer who shot and killed Charley Middle ton several weeks ago, is still in jail, he having failed to put up bond for his appearance at the next term of court. Isaac Sanders, who shot and killed the negro Hannibal Gourdin, was re Isaac strauss and rtenry Weinberg j leased on b.?nd Immediately after the to H. J. MeLaurin. Jr., pine timber on jury found him KuUtv of th). li(.ath of tract of land. $1,000. Qourdln. The bond was fixed at Robert vifr.d Brand to Thomas ||,ooo. No blame Is attached to Wilson, 8.2 acres. $5.00. Panders by those people of Hagood Mrs. Lou W. Bradwell and Bailie E. who acquainted with the Condi Huggins, et al, to Thomas Wilson, ti(,ns miiier which the shooting took 151 acres In Bumter and Clarendon ,,]?. counties, 11,605, place. Coroner Flowers has been try? ing for several days to g?*t witnesses R. D. Lee. I. C. Strauss. Davis 1 >. [n tne case, but up to this morning Molse, executors, to Cicero Levan, na(| failed to find any. He has sent n i-2 acres In Bumter County, $200. \,\Ank bonds to Magistrate QillU to Jaquellne B. Beall to H. w. Cooper, secure any person whom he can find two lots on Sabin avenue, $350. Mister to W. I. Whltehead, lota of 3 acres, 3 acres., i acre, 2 lots 14 acres In various parts of city, l acre, a< res, $500. \V. I. Whitehvad to II trust*-", same, $500 and ih|e consldertaion. J, T. Mclnvall to Etta 24 1-2 acres on i'ish Road, .los \v. Hodge to John K. McElveen, 85 acres on Pudding Swamp, $100. Manton McClam and Halite B. Mc Clam to J. A. Warren, lot and prem? ises ?oi Salem avenue, $1,700, McCallum Realty Company to who will testify, or who knows any? thing about the shooting. J. Harby, ither ralu McCaskell, > ?): The high school boys are hard at work practicing their declamations w hich the six lucky on* i will speak at commencement. It Is now not long before the six speakers for commence? ment will be chosen. -o The young men of the city are gel tin^ i a large dance for tomorrow (Wvuneaday) evening. It will b held in the large ?stren hall an everyone la expecting s good tim? The Sumter Orchestra has b^en sn iii 9:30. IWKM KKS rXIOX MI I IIX*. < ?I. Mir. .1 Aldrlctt Will Deliver dress at Cain's Mill. \d llenry Walkins, lot just outside of gaged and dancing will start promptly city hints, *v"-. Estate of ll ,llnrb> to Jan >tte Gard? ner, b't on Divine street. $S50. Aiiee R. Scarborough to Edna H, McKnlght, lol on Church street. $1, 250. John K. McElveen to R. A. Dennis, - ?? R 1-2 acres, $1375.0. | Col. Alfred Aldrtch, of BarnwaU, John k. McElveen to Carolina has accepted the Invitation of the Cypress Company, 12 acres In coun-j committee of arrangements, and will ty, $1.00 and other valuable consider- deliver an address at the meeting of atlon. ihe Farmers' Union at Cain's Mill charb s L. Cuttlno, special referee, I(Friday, May 5th. Col. Aldrich Is i . Bessie B. Jones. 90 acnes on Rocky j leader among progressive farmer I Muff swamp. $3,050. and is ? speaker who ala*ays cutet I Andrew H. Mayes to James F. tains and Interests his audience.