Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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6t)f v'vLiu.jau.1 ? ; a,..... wednesday. AVHIL 13, 1910. The Sumter WlttlUfaM was) found? ed Id 1X50 und iho True Southron In lift. The WatthiDin and Southron now has the combined circula'ion and Influence of both of the old papers, and la manifestly the be ,t ;ol\i rt.sing medium In Sumter. Florence Is curbed with hllnd tigers as well na blessed with a dispensary, and save for the Income derived from the dispensary Is not better off than Sumter. aas The grand Jury touched on only the outer fringe of a great abuse when it took up specifically the bond? ing business conducted for profit by II. T. Edens. Nine bonds out of ten are not worth the paper they are written on, and are not drawn with the remotest expectation of being paid by the sureties if the alleged crimi? nal sees fit to flee the State. It is the rarest exception for a surety to come forward like an honest man and pay a bond when the criminal for whom he stood bail does not come into court for trial. The approved procedure when a bond is forfeited Is for the surety to hire a lawyer and resist to the uttermost the effort of the State to collect the amount due. It is more trouble and expense for the State to collect a forfeited bond than It Is worth In many cases, and the aurety who succeeds in finding a le? gal loop hole through which he can alip and escape paying his obligation Is proud of himself and of his shrwed attorney who pilots him along de? vious paths to financial safety. The right of ball is one of the most In? estimable privileges of a free govern? ment, but the manner in which it Is abused in this day Is rendering It a stench and a reproach. If a bond can be ao drawn by the carelessness or connivance of the person who draws It that the surety can slip out of his obligation like a very ell when the day of settlement arrives, it is high time for the grand Jury and other officials, to begin looking into the Inner workings of the bonding in dustrv with a sternly Inquisitive eye. Bonds for money, with real estate as surety, are not so cleverly drawn that the maker of the bond can come forth from court, when Judgment is asked, with both the money and the land in his possession and snap his fingers In the face of the man who thought his money was safe. A bond for money is a business matter and ts practically always drawn so that it will hold, tut a bond for the ap? pearance of a criminal Is a public matter and the same care Is not used In drnwlng them without loop boles. Therefore the bonding Industry Is a sir?- and j ? r ? di t .1 i I e business fCf those who engage in It. Tt I 1 <. K VIMIFKS WIM, ARRRI TRATI Deadlock Reached In Negoziation?: ?MWSSSJ Railroad and Tot,-gra? ph. r? Matter will Ix? Settled t'n ?lor I rdtnan Act. v.. i n, April 6.?a deadlock bavin- Im ? v I . hod in the negotia? tions ? the Soelhow Railway and H ? ?' !? yeaphera rotative to ? new agro'-tr it r.? '.. id;,' rmpb-y.ner.t f<>r another >ear. Ihetf differences will be submitted to Chairman Knapp, of the I nter-State commerce commis? sion, esjd Dr. cl aries P. Nelll, com mslon? r of labor, as meditators, un? der th.- Krdmi u Act. When It be? came evident '.hat the company and Its no I had faded to adjust the ?MUeei In dispute, the company re? quested l'ebral Intervention. the Orth I el Railway Telegraphers slg-j nlfying it: willingness to leave the matter t ? Messrs Knapp and .Nelll. It d< el ?ped today that when a dead'o k was reached In the direct negotiations, a vote was taken among the Isiegfaphofl on tie* road on the ejSJSSJtteei of a strike. The telvgruph ers claim that a sufficiently large vote was polled to authorise i strike. No action. however, will bi taken In calling out the men and tieing up the Bout'-' ? n svst? m. pending the result of t'e meditation n? got C tions. Th? operstOfl demand an InCfOSSt In wages and a number of changes In the r lies regui.iting the conditions of ?ni|ii". uo nt. The gglSSHH nt. which It is desired to amend, was termi? nated SO0M time a*y> by the tele? graph pa in accordance wttli t provi? sion, p'vmittlng Its ending tip' n thirty day's sottet by ?ither part). For several Wtohl the eornpany am'. repr< - a??ntatb?s of Its operators have been endeavoring to r< o h a Substitute ?sjpeement and have held numerous c .nb r< n . I without result. It was said at the office** of the South* rn today that the labor agree? ments With llielf Other employees either had bees adjusted) or were on the way to ? llsfs r >ry settlement! A I ssket ball elub h is been organ heed by til'teen youg jgdiOS, They pr.\? t: re twice I week. As yet the teim has not been seloctod, and the members aro all practicing hard to in ike the team. Farmers' Union News ?AND ? Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers (COMtaCtftd by K. Wi Dubbs, President lai'tnei's' Union of Sumter County.) The Watchman and Southron having decided to double its service by ?u-mi-weekly publication, would improve that service by special features. The first to be Inaugurated is this Department for the Farmers' Union and Practical Farmers which 1 have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and ottlciul calls of the Union. To that end officers, and members of the Union are requested tc use these columns. Also to publish such clippings from the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins as I thin! will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of our readerb telling of their successes or failures will be appreciated and | ablished. Trusting this Department, will be of mutual neneflt to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for tl is Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs. Mayesville. S. C. How |0 Double Corn Yields. (Hy Tait Ilutler.) In the Southeastern States we find many of those who are well informed on corn growing advocating thicker planting than that commonly prac? ticed; while in the Middle South we find the same class of well informed men advocating giving the corn more distance. This indicates that the proper spacing of corn is an import? ant question and should receive spe OHVl consideration?that is, each field should be considered Individually as to Its fertility and moisture condi? tions. The usual size of the stalks of the variety planted may also be considered, but with corn the varia? tions in this line are not great and require only minor consideration. As a general proposition, it has been pretty clearly shown that when the different stalks are an equal distance from each other?that is, when every stalk occupies the centre of a square of equal size?the best conditions for the largest yield have been given. In other words, if the land will support one stalk on every 4 square feet, the results would be better if the rows uvre 2 feet wide and the stalks 2 feet In the row, than when planted inj 4-foot rows with stalks 1 foot apart I in the row. While it is not practicable to plant corn In rows on'y 2 feet wide, because of the greater difficulty and expense of cultivating so many more narrow rows, this fact regarding the spacing of the corn plants should be kept in mind. The Increase In yield from placing the stalks equl-distant in all directions is not sufficient to justify rows less than 3 1-2 to 4 feet, but we believe It Is suffic ient to prevent the best results when corn is planted In wider rows. The Number of Stalks to Have. Large yields can only be obtained from a large number of stalks, and If a yield of 50 bushels per acre is ex? pected, the corn must be spaced with this yield In view. On the other hand, land that will only make 25 bushels per sort when the corn is correctly spaced, may be planted so thickly that it will not yield even the 25 hushela which it is capable of mak? ing. Calculating an average of one ear to wary stalk, and that it will require . . i t'. mak< I I ushel, the follow in? sparing will produce the yields inulcatd: I 1-2 foot row.--. 12 imhes in the row?tl bushels. 1-2 foot r:>\vs, IS Indus in the i-i W ?1 bushels. 1-2 foot rows, 2 feat in the row? ig huahale 1-2 foot rows. 2 1-2 tort in the row?:'.T l.usbels. \-.'. foot rows, :; feet in the row ?1 bushels. i foot rows. 12 Inchai in the row ?hi bushels, l fool rows, 18 Inchea in the row ?B l bushels J foot rows, I feat in the row?4 0 bush* Is. i foot rows, 2 1-2 feat in tin- row ?2 2 bosh. Is. 4 foot rows, feel in the row?27 bUsht s. Of eoursea with certain varieties inon than "no ear to the stalk is pro? duced, and more or l?-ss than 188 enra may I??? required to make a bush* ? '.: but the foregoing table places the pr *hv m of apaelng plainly before us. Mills or Drills? 'u ib-- Northern tt rn Belt, v.horc the landa are level and capable ol producing large yields i"?>r economy of eultlvation the corn la quite ire fluently planted in bills 3 1-2 feet bj a feel apart with two or three atalki in the bills. At auch distance, thret atalks t.. tha bin would give 12,444 ?talks, or. on the baala <>f our calcu)a< ?ion. a yield of :?I bnahela t?? tha acre Mm b of our land i-^ too rolling nn< . .i.-do-s too much* t*? be cultivate* both w ays, bu! on the land tb it i: U vel there la no reason why wt ahould not check it \-2 by fe< ;ind cultivate both ways, thereby aav Ing mtn-h expense in coal of the labo In cultivating. <?n our rieh \< . 11 landa it is aim worth our while to consider the sav? ing of expense in cultivating which results from checking and putting two or three stalks to the hill. As a matter of fact, however, as at first in? dicated, when a large number of stalks are put on the land the yield will be greater with 3 1-2 feet rows and 1 stalk every foot, than with 3 s'alks in a hill every 3 feet. The sav irg in the expense of cultivation when t'ie corn is checked with 3 stalks to the hill will, however, probably more than balance the decrease in yield. In view of all these facts, we sug? gest for the average lands of the South, where checking is not prac? ticed, rows from 3 feet 'J inches to 4 feet wide. If a yield of 25 bushels is to be reasonably expected from the land, the stalks may be given from 2 1-2 to 3 feet space in the row. On land that will make 35 bushels to the acre, the same width of rows with the stalks 2 feet to 2 1-2 feet in the row, and for land that will make 50 bushels to the acre, the same width of rows w ith the stalks from 15 inches to 20 inehes apart in the row. FIRE BLIGHT OR PEAR BLIGHT. ( Icinson Extension Work?Article I. Fire blight or pear blight is a con? tagious disease caused by bacteria (small germs). It affects pears, ap? ples, quinces, and many other pome fruits. A tree affected by blight has the appearance of having been burn? ed, hence the name "fire blight." The blight affects blossom twigs, foliage twigs, sprouts, suckers, limbs and fruits. BLOSSOM TWIG BLIGHT. The first marked appearance of blight is during and soon after blos? soming time. It is brought to the tree by insects seeking nectar, trans? ferred by them from blossom to blos? som and from tree to iree. Warm, moist conditions are m >st favorable to its development. The effect is that the foliage and flowers turn brown and the disease continues down the twig. Often the injury of blight is mistaken f'>r that of frost, as the damage in each instance looks very much alike. .\s soon as discovered the affected portion, and even six to eight inches below, should be cut off. After each cut the knife or saw should be disin? fected. Disinfectants?a bottle of men uric chloride or corrosive sub? limate tabletl can be purchased at any drug store. Dissolve one tablet in a pint of water and c sponge sat? urated with this solution rubbed over the knife will disinfect, it. Again it Is well to rub the sponge over the cut surface f??r fear that your knife was not thoroughly disinfected at the time the cut was made. A five per cent, solution of carbolic acid is an? other good disinfectant. Be sure and burn all affected parts Which have been cut off and be care? ful with the disinfectants after you have finished with them, as they are pi dsonous, LIMB BMOHT. The bacteria causing this disease affect! the cambium layer and inner barK. The bark becomes brown and sunken and thus it is fairly easy to determine tin affected area, especial? ly so ? the activity of the rri,r.s has ceased, The bacteria winter in cank? ers on the limbs. During the fall nnd winter these cankers are more easily d< tected and si ould be cut off below the affected part. Thus you see in case of largo limbs you lose a ".1 par! of your tree. The cankers. however, should be removed as soon as d< tected, as they ar< apparently tiie main source of new infection. PREVENTING RLIGHT. Soft. succulent growth Is more sus? eeptll le to blight, therefore anything that tends t ? prevent this growth will also t. nd to prevent i light I As p< rs .ire borne on spurs which ?re very npl to be blighted, the spur* I should I removed from the trunk j .nd main lind , for fear tlie Id|ghl w 111 gel into the main portions of the tree which would me in the loss of the main limbs or entire tree, sprouts ? >r other sofi growth should be kept <? If the main iim'?s nnd trunk. Where o pear tree is properly trained the tirst few years, heavy pruning will not be necessary during its older ag<\ Heavy pruning Of old trees during winter stimulates soft growth which is favorable to Might. , \ Cultivating and fertilizing.?Culti- ' I vatlng and fertilising With nitrogen ous fertilizers after trees have come into bearing produce conditions fav? orable to blight, therefore, sodding and withholding nitrogen fertilizers is to be recommended as a preventive measure. Well drained soil.?Plant on well drained soil, but remember that all rolling soil is not necessarily well drained. SUMMARY. 1. Cut off and burn all affected parts. 2. Watch carefully for cankers on your trees and when detected, destroy them. 3. Cankers cause the bark to be? come sunken and turn brown. 4. Prevent soft, succulent growth. 5. Prune so as to form a good frame on your tree and keep spurs, sprouts, etc., off the main limbs and trunk. 6. Do not cultivate and fertilize boarin:? trees excessively. 7. Select resistant varieties. 8. Plant in well drained soil. 9. There is no other generally known remedy for blight than the above. 10. Get your neighbors to do like? wise. D. C. MOORING, Asso't. Prof, of Hort, Clemson College, S. C. BIG RACING SWINDLE KXPOSEI). New York Manufacturer Dupe of ''Millionaires." Xew York, April 6.?For lavish stage setting, workman-like execution and ample financing, the story of a racing swindle, as told the police to? night by Henry Wagner, senior mem? ber of a firm of billiard table manu? facturers, has no equal In the annals of the Xew York detective bureau. To obtain $10,000 the confidence men en? trusted their dupe with $106,000 in '?ash, hired a private car from Balti? more to Jacksonville, Fla., and im? personated successfully a party of millionaires, one of whom was "H. H. Rogers, Jr.," son of the late vice pres? ident of the Standard Oil Company. The story came out tonight with the arrest of a man who gave his name as John Brown, 68 years old, and described himself as a broker and speculator, but who the police Bay is George C. Rockwell, alias George C. Hammond, alias Old Joe Eaton, an old, notorious confidence man. Late last month Wragner met ? man representing himself to be Alfred Sanford, private secretary to a Penn? sylvania millionaire, with money to spend on coal lands. Would Wagner take an option on 2,000 acres at $7 an acre? he could sell at a huge profit. The secretary lacked funds to finance the deal himself, but If it went through, he asked only 25 per cent, for his tip. A trip to Baltimore followed, where entered the "million? aires." Including "H. H. Rogers, Jr." "Col. Moffett," of Colorado, one Pal? mer and one Marshall. From Balti? more the entire party journeyed to Jacksonville by private car?all on the "millionaires"?and at the race track there was heavy betting "be? tween friends," in which the victim was not asked to join. Instead his confidence was smoothed by his be? ing made stakeholder, until at one time be held $106,000. His draft for $10,000 was obligingl\ cashed, and he generously loaned the money to one of the crowd to fill out a $20,000 bet. Then came the get-away. Wagner said tonight that Brown, arrested this afternoon, took the part of Moffett. When searched by the police $2.071 in bills was found strap pel around Brown's waist. He was held for arraignment tomorrow. Town Marsball R. AT. Barwlck, of Plnewood, who was recently convict? ed of manslaughter, and who has ap? pealed his case to the supreme court, has been BUrrendi red by bis bonds? man and is in jail. He l< !'t Plnewood and went to Atlanta and got employ? ment and was at work. His arrest was a surprise to him. He will make an effort to get another bondsman. It be is unable to do so be will have t<> remain in jail till Iiis case is dis? posed of. The Sumter high school team will cross bats with the Florence high school team on the local grounds next Fridi y afternoon. Whal remained of the residence or' Maj. Marlon Molse alter the (ire has about been removed from the prem? ises. The building material was bought by Mr. W. 'I'. Rowland to be used Tor building purposes. Mr. .1. I1. Grady, special whiskey constable for this county, has tend? ered Pi;-, reslgnntii n to the Governor to take dVe( t May 1st. 'I'b.nl r iet l or building a hau 1 iome home for Mr. Ferd Lev I near Intersection ol Washington, Rroad land Warren st< ? has been let to Mr. J, ? ?. Isaonoble, of New berry. This will i.no of the handsomest and most modem bone s in the city. bxperimkxt in irrigation'. rcpartmcnl of Auric dt uro Experts Will Try U Oui on Columbia Man's Parin. Columbia. April 7.?Tha first ex perim' :;t in the history of the State it t' he male in RLhlanJ county u~ '.' the direction of ICIlo r>. ?a I'.lama, an expert of the United bi&U ? d< pertinent of Irrigation. The teat will be made on the Chllda farm, in the lower section of Kichland county, ah ng the Congraee river, and its success will be watched v. ith in? terest tnr ?ughout the State. If the experiment proves successful, it will be followed up in other sections of the State. Pefore coming to South Carolina Mr. Williama spent several weeks in Florida, where the experiments were very successful. He is of the opinion that there are great possibilities in highland irrigation in the South, and especially In the middle section. A conference was held with Com? missioner Watson upon the arrival of Mr. Williams in Columbia Monday, with reference to the lands in the lower section of this county. After an examination he pronounced the section admirable for the experiment and will at once prepare plans and specifications for the work. He left yesterday for Illinois, where he wiil purchase the machinery needed, and will return to Columbia between May 1 and May 15 to superintend the in? stallment of the plant. Work on the irrigation well has commenced and will be ready for the installation of the pump upon the return of Mr. Williams. The State department of agricul? ture will give the aid to the project in the mater of agriculture. A. G. Smith of the United States office of farm management will give plans for the crops to be planted. In the opinion of Mr. Williams, the yields on the lands will be greatly in? creased as the result of irrigation dur? ing the dry seasons. He is a native of the State of California and before entering the service of the govern? ment had considerable experience in irrigation work, which has proved so profitable to the State of California. House Party at Brogdon. A number of young people are en? joying a house party at the home of Mr. W. T. Brogdon, at Brogdon sta? tion. Among those attending are Miss Blanche Rose, of Timmonsville, Miss Jennie Chandler, of Sumter; Flossie Jenkins, of St. Charles. Messrs. William M. Scott, C. Capers Smith, James Bryan and James F. Glenn went down with the party last night. The Sumter Lodge B. P. O. E. has been delegated to re-instltute the Co? lumbia lodge, which disbanded some time ago. A degree team will go from here for that purpose on April 20th. {{TFEEL well, never felt better; 1 thanks for your attention and Pe runa. "I will be glad to do all I can in the wny of advancing the sale of your val B&bie medicine. "I do think Peruna the best medicine 1 have tried at any time. "Since I began taking Peruna we have never been without it. *4I really believe that every woman in the world ought to have Peruna on hand all the time; for if she gets tired, Poruna refreshes her; if she gets nerv? ous, it soothes her; if despondent, it cheers and invigorates. "It is a constant friend to the nurcing mother, both for herself and for her child, and finally when old age comes on, no medicine on earth is of greater eiUcacy to the woman. "Surely, Peruna is the woman's friend."?Mrs. E. C. Evkrly, 2103 Franklin St., Philadelphia, Pa. Stronger Than for Years. Mrs. Caroline Sundheimer, Clarke, Txmisiana, writes: "I am feeling quite well now. I can work again and am stronger than I have been for years, and I do believe that Peruna saved my life. I will ad Vise all I can to take your medicine." Man-a-lin an Ideal Laxative? NOTICE TO TEACHERS. The regular teachers' examination will be held at the Court House on Friday, May 6th, beginning at 9 o'clock a. m. S. D. CAIN, C. S. E. 4-9-2t-ltaw. W. 2teod w. ANOTHER SHIPMENT?Direct from the mills, twenty-five tons rice flour, fresh and sweet, cheapest and best horse, hog and cow feed you can buy. Booth-Harby Live Stock Co. 4-7-3teo.d W. 4t EGGS FOR HATCHING?Single comb Rhode Island Reds, best lay? ers in the world. $1.00 for setting of 15 eggs. M. L. Moore, Dalzell, S. C. 4-8-6t. W. 2t. O'Donnell 6 Co. THE POPULAR S70RE OF SUM TER. TO ALL OUR FRIENDS : When you are in to buy for the Spring and Summer, remem? ber that this big store, where each depart? ment is really a store in itself, can offer you values that are well worth your time to see. Buying as large as we do and paying the hard down cash for them as we do, makes the manufacturer anxious to sell us and sell us at the very lowe: t price. They know they don't have to wait for their money. We arc Headquarters for DRY GOODS of Every Description Shoes for Man, Woman or Child. Clothing for Man or Boy. Groceries (or the Whole Family. 'Donnell 6 Co.