The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, September 11, 1909, Image 4
be o?lattbman nb ^outbron.
SATURDAY, SEPTEstBfcR II. 1909.
The Sumter Watchman was found
ad In 1*50 and the True Southron in
lift. The Watchman and Southron
now ha.* the comblnedyjirculatlon and
Influence of both of the old papers,
and 1? manifestly the best advertising
medium In Sumter.
FAUMF-ltS AsKl l) TO HELP,
rwwuH Itimtor W ants Thon to I ran
Crop lieeord*.
Washington. Sept. 5.?Karm econ
om ? ( i. i.l i k I. armin am i
guttat ii praJMema art In Washington
a.-hi.s.iiu (Vm us I '.???? i ij- Durand in
t .** f m mal item of tha agricultural
acb< ?ule ??>! Oi' census Director Dv
rand suggest- that the work of secur?
ing accurate returns at the coming
cennu i of agriculture, which will h.
tak.ii A (nil la, 1910, at the same
time as tha I-mint Of population, Will
be greatly facilitated If the farmers
*win heap or provld ? tome written re
?CorJ of their firm op ktOIU durinc
th.' real HOS. He asks th?- c '-oper?
ation of nil the farmers of th i ooun
?try *r thla work.
The State commissioners and State
board of agriculture, tho agricultural
?Ilatee? farmera' union*. Patrons of
Hu ...Midrv. farmera1 institutes, an?1
tb.? ultura) experiment nation >
will aid the census oMlclah.
The questions about farm opera?
tions r.iii relate to the preeeni oalen?
dar year, 1909. but the Inquiries r? -
gnrd-rnf f?rrn equipment will necessi?
tate a sort of Inventory on April 15.
mo.
In ordri that the farmers may be
Kin at once to keep a reovrd Director
Durand eaya:
* f: n b pemon in charge oi a farm
wll! ae Saftted to state the acreage and
value of the farm kept and cultivated
by him. the area of woodland, and ot
that utilised for specified fa m pur
p.. .
:' ? k? hii mei ? 111 be aak< i to gr*
th. u'i?c iimttty produced and
*vaJ :e of each crop, including main**
iii fetables, fruits, cotton tobac?
co, t*' raised on the farm In the
fan on f 1909. He will be isked to
fepirt the nun. , : ami valve of all
do;.; a -Mim d . ? uUm ..p..! ???m>
?of heee en the farm on Api? 15; th?1
n unit et and value of young animals
*u ' ... , . Ivyp. <? I < ???> ? ?'. ; :o
~?*1 \ :.?v , u< b as chickens, i ir
.<&?%?- ? - H?- . 'a Ned in ! ?0 ? 11
will Ih ked to >i i\v th mom :?;?! am1
kind et ;>nlmal-> .^>:d during '. and
the rcc ipte ' i.ich oaloa, t'e
aumt ei i urch I and the amoun
paid t? si? for, .? ? the i. iu.
alauxbt'? ?'ii for food and the valut o:
auch animate
"The law requires a repo?-t of tin
numtic: of cow kept Cor dairy pur
poses in 190:?. and the amcunt o|
milk produced on tho farm: tb'
amount of butler and cheese sold an
the am ml received from sueh sales.
"The ccnsBU will seek to aSJCl rt.ui.
the ..?:.?:.? - v an . 1 !.? >f egjjs, hom >
and w*x produced In 1509.
?*of the expenditures ot the farm
th< c ? u . I an.*1 will call for a
atnte ?. ?<l of ti e amount paid foi
farm labor foi eed for H\*e stock ant
for fe r t. ?. -m
"If l>i .'arm ? ..a-- a 1 is or t- n
stats between ttu crop year 1909 and
the tn at en um at) ?n it Is re*
<iue*tr'< hjt the . copnnt of thefarm
in 1910 m . ure the abov* Ira *ri.;atlon
relating to the farm for the yeai
190'j. the owner or tenant this rem
to l?uvc h*s bo > . record with his sue*
castor. '
Inn. . > am . .] be Kepi Si\ u t.
The Information they give to the
census t-minicr <?'?? \ will not he usee"
tn an> way to thelf detriment it win
he kepi .rp\ an I us>.?d oi.ly for sta?
tist!, el poae
'?.Nj pahHeatl ?n shall he made by
tb.- ? ? . otfi ? h " -i?> i he dal i
turoi-hi 1 by my pnrtlcnlai establish*
ment < ??? he id i tilled, nor shall the
<iir*etoi o the inaus permit anyone
othv. th m ih ? ?s ? ..iin employes "i me
censes otflce t? saamlns tlu- Individ?
ual n |i??I " Is the v iv th-- lan
vaai'a. The Information reported on
the axri ultural scheduh will not be
used ? basis ? lax.ition .r l ornnu
pica ed t.? ? iiy ?.n
Helmuts lo anawet Qnestlens asked
l.y eet i enumerators ere made 11*
I,--.'., i . i ? pr.. i.l.- l for
this us ^'. 'i is tor tlto xlvln-s of false
snuvvvr.. [ i tfo lno,ulrlea, Fines and
lmpiiioi.i ot. or both, In easts of
vloiatiun oi tha aeereey Impeeed upon
?up. .i o . num**i u >i i siieclal
ugeut :. an ? ?ber ei..ploy?'s of th"
census ollle?' s provided In the act.
Tin1 lino 'Hinte ..t |ht amaultitral
ejemms hardMy can i?c overestimated,
sin-e (he total Axed capital Invested
in nsjrmnltural pnmults nn |9#i was
nt'ir?/ than font Ilm? that if manu?
facturi's ot the eonnti it, the total be*
ln?c $2?>.:? i.i?oi.h::h i h <? usus h>i
reuu ?stliiiMtes that n xt y??a -'h cenSIIS
will show joo.ooo loo.<- fuili s In op
ration than in i S#f v, Ith u total o|
?bout *.oho olio farm a la !.??# ther?
were 10.433. IHM mule:* ami ft inah-h
over 10 yearn of age i*nxage<l in axri
cultunl pursuits.
!Farmers* Union News 1
?AND -
Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers
(Comliii toil by K. \V. Dabbs, President Farmers' Union of Bum tor R
County.) X
The Watchman and Southron havini decided to double its service by
tonn?*. skis publlcatioiii would Improve that service by special features.
The ?rst to be Inaugurated Is tins Department for the Farmers' Union and
Practical Farmers which I have been r< Quested to conduct, It will be my
aim to give the Union news and official calls Ot the Union. To that end
Officer! and member! Ot the Union are requested to use the?! columns.
Alsd to publish such dippings from the agricultural papers and Govern
ment Bulletins as i thing will be of praotlcal benefit to our readers. Ori
: . ai artlclei by any of our readers telling oJ their successes or failures
will be appreciated and published.
Trusting this Department r?lll be of mutual ' eneflt to all concerned,
THE EDITOR.
All communication! for ti * Department ihould be sent to e. W, Dabbs,
Ifijureuvlllei s- C,
Winter Cover Crops.
Careful estimates reveal the fact
that soil erosion carries away more
plant food Into the streams and rivers
of 111? * Southern states every year
than Is utilized In the growing of all
of our crops. w hen we realise that
the cotton crop with its by-products
ll worth approximately $800,000,000,
it will gtVO S'imo idea of the enor
mou v drain on soil fertility which is
on rtan< l>* going on. How to remedy
In some measure this condition a
matter of universal concern. The
best mean! of achieving the desired
end is to utilise winter co i r orops.
of course, the cereals would he In?
cluded under (hlI heading, 'Mit as
they are more or less familiar to ail.
it has been de? med best in this paper
? > eall specific attention to two props
which may be utilised admirably foi
over in the winter and made to en
rloh the soli by gathering nitrogen
"rom the air and furnishing much
aeeded paturage during the winter,
and yielding ;< line Quality of hay the
t spring. Refer 'P ?? is madeeepa*
elally to crimson clover and the
a t-In s.
These are two varieties of crimson
(lOVeT?the crimson blooming and the
white blooming. Toe white blooming
i. inter in maturing and makes a
larger ami more vigorous growth,and
u probably more desirable for hay
th tho crimson bloom
Kg, Where crimson clover is grown
l and turned under th.
t sneflted about As much
us irom a heavy application of farm*
ard manure. Farmers do not realiz*
his or they would utilize ertmson
stover more extensively) especially in
sjhose sections whore live siock grow?
ing is Inadequately developed, and
farmyard manure and compost can
not be had, Crimson clover should
rded at i he rate of 1 to 2<*
pounds per acre it) early August Ol
September, and it may often be sown
in corn at th last working, though
the best results will probably follon
owir.K the crop after the earn has
been cut and -hocked. Crimson clov-1
er may be seeded on any land that j
h a ! . ? n v, . II .)! ? a ired. a id i'i SOd
mould be covered Hghtly v. ith a hav
rOw .
As to fertilisers, but little nlfrogoii
win i e n.led, not over ! to j p< ?
e to tar* th ? crop, hut phosphates
?mi potash should h,> used liberally;
? t le <t too pounds of acid ph '??"! hr.t
ami i'?o to 150 pounds ?>f muriate <
potash, or 100 t<? .?aa pounds of kalnlt.
ATherc tiie mineral elements are ap
plled to this, <:op pi abundance goo*
reeults will generally follow, ami it it
is desired t<? out tht crop fpr hay. ?
yield 6! from 1.5 to 9.8 ions may b<
expected, a mined fertiliser used >n
crimson olover should generaly con?
tain about i pei cent of nltrogt a. t
to h per cent of phosphoric acid and
I t" 10 nor oenl <?(' potash.
Tii.- retch is admirably adapted for
growth in practically ail sections of
tin- Boutti and may he seeded any
time after August I, it is best sown
on land that has been well prepared,
it may not always be necesasry to
break the land; that depends much
on the crop which is to follow, it
t an. of course, come after cow peas or
any other legume grown during lh?
summer, or 11 may he us d ?ii stub
ble lam! or seeded in corn or cotton.
This crop may often be sown to ad?
vantage with oats or rye ami forma
an admirable pasture during the sum*
mer, ami enriches the soil materially
w icn plowed unit!- in the early
vprip.c; oi- makes a fine quality or hay,
Tin* udvantage of sowing with ce?
reals Is found in the tact that the
vetch climbs readily on the stalks and
can he cut with greater ease on that
account. .\t least pounds of well
I cleaned vetch seed should ).*? used per
I acre with one bushel <?i < its.
*Therc an> iwo uimis of vetch the
j winter or hairy vetch, which is hardy
ami satisfactory in most l ?calltles, it
I Im slow growing, however, in tin- Call
ami winter. Tin- gjngllsh >r Oregon
Vetch, Which also may he BOWK In tin
tall, develops much fasti, than tin*
hairy VStoh and furnishes gTaslng in
the fall und early winter, hut it is
not nearly so hardy as tl e hairy vetch
and will frequently be killed by
treenail while the othei li not injur?
ed. The vetch, like crimson clover,
is a arose feeder SO far as the mineral
element are concerned. Therefore,
it should lie fertilized liberally and
much the same as lor crimson ci r.
A good mixture to use on vetch
would be 400 pounds of raw bom
meal containing 4 per cent of nitro?
gen und i'". per cent of phosphoric
acid; 500 pounds of acid phosphate
containing 1?5 per cent of available
phosphoric add, and 400 pounds <>f
muriate of potash, to which should
be added T;it) poundi of dry earth or
rich compost to bring the total up t<
8,000 pounds. This mixture would
contain ahout 1 per cent of nltrogj n
7 per cent ot- phosphoric add ami 10
per cent of potash, When used at
the rate of S00 to C>00 pounds per
sere, depending on the natural fertil?
ity of the sollj it should be admirably
adapted to the needs oif thla crop.
There ii an opportunity through
the growth of these winter cover
rrops to prevent erosion, and soil
wastage on thousands of acres of lao-.
in the South, and at the same tinv
enrich thent materially with nitrogen
gathered from the air. provide fine
pas'are during a part of the winter and
early springt and furnish an abun?
dance Of the choicest hay for f< ed
ing, white leaving the land in much
bettor condition for succeeding crops.
LANDS NOT V.'l \HING Ot T.
Grain Crop yield Shows a Constant
Increase, Expert Reports.
Washington, Sept. 5.?Soils of the
United Statei ore hot wearing out
and the crop yields are rather In
orenslng than decreasing. These
acts arc demonstrated In a bulletin
hortly to be issued by the Bureau of
"oils of the Agricultural Department
prepared by Chief Milton Whitney.
The bulletin deals exhaustively with
the yields of crops iron: 1861 to 1006
InclutriA e,
Professor Whitney concludes thai
the productivity of the newer agri?
cultural soiis of the United Statei
und of the older aglCUltural soils oi
Bur >pe, taken ? a . hole, are not Re?
clining, but are producing more crops
per acre than form rly. This is du<
?o> better cultivation, rotation of crops,
use of fertilisers an< Increase In farm
animg'.s and m >ek and Intenalvc
farming.
The bulletin snows an increase In
all cereal crops throughout the Unl
ted States for the past three or foui
decades, The whoa! fields per acr<
In Russia from 1883 fo 100B varied
but in 1008 Ii was 8.4 bushels, In
Ireland the yield In 1888 was 25.6
bush< is, ami in 1806 it reached I
In Great Britain the wheat yield In
iss4 way 30.9 busbcli an acre, and
the Increase ur> to 1006 brought tht
yield to 34.7 hushels. Oermany raised
is.l( bushels to the acre In 1883, with
a gradual increase in 1906, bringing
the yield then to 30.3 bushels.
The bulletin gives the following av?
erages by States for the production of
wheat per acre from IStiti to 1007:
Maryland. 13.3 bushels; Virginia,
9.1; Vermont, 18.5; lfalne,16.6; New
York, l.*).T; New Jersey, 14.5; Michi?
gan, 14.3; Pennsylvania, 14.".; Ohio,
14.1; Kansas, 13.9; Wisconsin, 13.7;
Minnesota, 13.6; Illinois, 13,2; Ne?
braska, 18.1; Indiana. 13.1; Dela?
ware, 13.1; California, 12.9; low a
12t4; Missouri, Ilm?; Texas, 11.5;
We: t Virginia, 10.<?; Montana. 10.5;
Arkansas. s.?; Tennessee, S.2; Mis?
sissippi, B.t; Alabama, 7.1; .\'<>it'
Carolina, 6.0; South Carolina, 8.6.
Save from 81 to 61.50 on your boys'
school soils by buying from The Sum?
ter I Jlothlng I !o,
'.?-4-3t.
Daily New York Cotton .Market.
New York, Sept.
Open High Low Clos
.Ian 12 65 IS 50 IS 29 IS 31
Meli 12 00 12 60 IS 80 IS 41
May li 00 12 06 12 43 12 17
Sept 12 27
Ool 12 45 19 45 12 26 IS 20
Dec 12 07 12 .77 12 33 IS 36
Ton-' Barely steady,
CATS, RATS AM) SCIENTISTS.
Delight of Velplng Animals on Back
Fences.
One of the experts of the depart?
ment of agriculture shies a metaphor
i?; 11 brick at the common house cat
i y declaring that the virtues of that
predatory animal as an annlhllator ol
rats and mice are greatly exaggerated.
The expert adds that millions of wild
birds are destroyed annually by cats.
Really, If the cat is to lose bis rep?
utation as a ri I catcher be is likely
to be left without any very good ex?
cuse for bis existence. Feature arti?
cles in the newspapers have told at
Interval tor many years of numbers
of can carried on the government pay
l all. their duties being to rid Federal
buildings of rats and mice, it is some?
thing ol a revelation to b< Informei
that Thomas and Maria have bei n
loafing on the job and putting in
their time slaughtering Wild bird:
when they should have been search
Ing dllige itly for ri ts. The "peopte
mom y" most assuredly can be put to
better use that in buying food and
raiment for rascally cats that neglect
their duties to ramble through high?
ways, by ways and hedges in pursuit
Of birds, wild or otherwise. Uncle
8am will be "to hastening Ills a prey"
If through such shirking of duty rat:
shall Increase in the Federal cellars
and rear la 'ge families to feed <?n of?
ficial paste, messages and documents
and public property In general.
The cat has been accused of a good
many things. All of us who know him
a Vi aware thai he has his faults. All
birds look alike to him. and, except
they be <.f the proportions of eagleoi
condor, are regard* d by him as lawful
prey. Ha will eal the family canary
.viih as little remori e as he will pie*,
tp an English sparrow ?>n the lawn.
He has boor, known to gather in
young chickens, geese and ducks. He
Ii\M ? by the Robin Hood rile thai
"in- shall take who has the power and
he shall keep Whs can." He known
little of gratitude or affection. Cen?
turies of domestication have not elim?
inated from his blood and being th<
liei ce traits of Ids remote ancestry o
deafened his ears to the persuasive
"call d; the wild." lb- is given to
thieving and trespass. He is blood?
thirsty and creel and. finds pleasure
in tin torture of his unfortunate
prey. lie is addicted to nocturnal
prowlIngs and is noisy and conten?
tious with hi.; kind.
All these and many other fellm
foibles and vices undeniably are his.
and ail of them hive keen condoned
and ndured by suffering humanity
i because of the house cat's recognises
ability as a rat destroyer. Some
there are who would tolerate him for
his personal appearance, which, un?
der favorable circumstances, is pleas?
ing. The vast majority of humanity,
however, would rise in rebellion
against him and wipe him oft tin
face of the earth, hut tor the savina
gra?e of his eternal auiipalhy to
After ah. the scientific men don't
know everything, and It may be thai
the ease of the house cat is not so bad
as theorist of the agricultural depart?
ment would have us%believe, it h
seriously to be doubted if his useful*
ness as a rat exterminator is waning.
The department's expert may have it;
inborn prejudices against tin* feline
tribe, or he may bo a trifle blliOUS Ol
i?rouchy" on general principles.
What Is more likely still, be max
have written his condemnatory brp
chure en the morning after a nigm
made sleepless by a leronade of torn
I .'... on the I ack fence.
cast on the lack fence.?Courler
Journal.
Services In Episcopal Church.
Rev, \Y. H. Barnwell, of Stateburg,
will conduct services at the usual
hours, morning and evening, Sunday
next in tlie Church or the Holy Com?
forter.
M*MI*MMyW*M*MBW*MW*W*M*WWI i mum ? w Ml
Toil SALI-: Seed rye and oats, Will
have seed wheat, barley etc., later
BoOth-Harby Livestock Co., S-L'
St.
Onion
C^i*) ? ? ? ?
We have just received a
shipment of Onion Sets.
Now is the time to plant
them for an early crop,.
10c Quart
I Red and White
lint's Bis! to
W. W. SIBERT.
I Telephone 2S> - 8 S. Main St
COTTON RECEIPTS 1008-00.
I
Season's Cotton Receipts Were
Thau in Any Previous Yeas>
The cotton year 1908-09?Sept lei
o Sept. let? eras the banner season
or the Sumter market in point ol
'ecelpts. The public (???turn weighers
t?inr!!od 43 000 ba!e? In the twelve
nonihs, practlca'ly all of which was i
wagon cotton. in addition to thlsj
>cal buyers handled about 10.000]
bales, orglnatlng :'t oth r points " ;t i
shipped through Sumter, but notj
weighed by the public weighrs. '"'hi.
railroad cotton is as ninth a part of
the market receipts as the wagon cot?
ton and go to swell the total re< eipts.
The public weighers handled more cot?
ton last season by about ").(>??') bales
than they ?'!d in the best year here?
tofore, when they weighed a few less
than oH 000 bales. Sumter ^ easily
the leading Interior cotton market of
the stau- |n point of receipts, no oth
a- town In the state receiving any*
hing like the tame quantity of wag
m cotton.
in New Quarters, *
Von Ohsen & Shfrer have moved
Into their new shop on Bast Hampton
Avenue, hear Skinner's ir m Works,
ind while a force of workmen is en?
gaged In putting on the flniahing
touches they are ready for business
and are taking care of their oust Ml
ers with their usual promptness.
They have the largest and best
equipped blacksmith wheelwright
and repair shop this city has ever
had, and with the facilities for hand?
ling a large volume ol busin? is the
large patronage they have had for
several years is certain to materially
Increase. They have a large lot sur?
rounding their shop and for the con
venh nee and accommodation of their
patrona and the public generally, they
i
have had built a number of hitching
stalls, for use of which no charm
wiil he made. A free w- joi lot with
?tables for hitching hai r?g l een
needed in 3umter . ! I i' .<\ ingfh
need Von Ohsen A tihirer bare do
a good thins f >r the public and for
themselves.
y.r. .f. D. Bhher ;;'v?s his personal
attention to the hue! sea in all its de
partmeita rid i la instant effort is
to pleas* and satisfy his patrons
got I r.ark and prompt service.
Is as t ' by Mr. W. C. To wie?, who
\\ ill ? <? to see his friends.
1
li e s. v. Pierson Co.
ver
#
w
Tie- S. If, Pierson Co.. a corpora*
tlon recently organized to take over
the live stock, vehi-le and agrk'4
tural Implement business el 8*
Pierson, is getting in shape to carry
n usual business at the new stables
60 Bast Hampton Avenue, next to
Edgar Skinner's shop. The large
stables and mule sheds are nearin?
completion and within a tew daystJ
new firm will have everything in shi
shape. They are not wailing on the
carpenters however, to do husiness
and as the Stahle proper is complet?
ed they are taking eure of all the
istnees that oomei their way. in
addition to the stables, muie pel
machinery warehouses, etc., the:
save one of the largest wagon lots
in town, which is open to the public.
Surrounding this lot are hitching sta?
bles for the use of the public tree of
charge, an accommodation, w'iich
will ? appreciated by the public, M
The company is eompos-sd of
M1 9STS. S. II. Pierson. .1. .\\ Brown
and T. V. Walsh, all of whom are
veil known in the live stock husiness.
h!9
The D. J. Chandler ciothine- Co.,
have their fall hats on display. Itet
what they say in tin ir hat adverii
ment.
*
I
I
TO NEW QUARTERS
We have moved into onr new shop on East Hampton
Avenue, near Skinner's Iron W orks, next door to the stables
of The S. VI. Pierson Co. We have more room and are
better prepared to serve our customers than ever before.
All descriptions of blacksmith and Wheelwright work,
Horse Shoeing, Buggy and Wagon Repairing, Painting.
Rubber Tires put on of Vehicles. Full line of Wood
Material for Wagon and Buggy repairing
Call or phone. Prompt attention given to all.
I VonOhsen & Shirer.
Fa!! Goads Arriving
Daily.
Fall OogiIs Inning
B?r.
OT)onnell&Co
The Big Store of Su inter.
Another lot, 10,000 yards,'of those
Justly Celebrated
VAL LACES,
They are better than ever before.
50c per Doz Yards,
5 Cents per Yard,
O'Doniiell * Co.
Reed's Fine Shoes
For Women,
New Fall Styles.
Godman's Celebrat?
ed School Shoes
Are Here.