The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, June 19, 1909, Image 2

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"SATURDAY, JUNE 19. 1909. Sumter Watchman was found? ed In Hit and the True Southron In lift. The Watchman and Southron ww has the combined circulation and Inaaaeooe of both of the old papers. *mt la manifestly the best advertising m In Sumter Pr?sident Taft Is said to be a good and probably Is. but that he Is a ? ettor Republican Is not open to ques? tion. He la a party man first of all will not Interfere with the Aid tariiT bli: nor will he counten the efforts of Insurgent Republt tas and l>emocrnte to enact an In? heres taa bill. Tea, Taft Is a good uiy man all right and fits his Job a nic*?ty. Therefore why should ? jtrmyed Democrats expect him to I rm a new party? Alken County hu embarked In the it >anlclde business on a wholesale * alo and the antl-dlspenaary cam I bjmera will have lots of ammunl a for use In that County. They 0 n probably And it convenient to for (M loot several of the dry counties h*fo*a hosnlclde record almost as bad ? n Alken. For Instance, there have b??ip a greater number of homicides hi Clarendon County since the dltrpen H*rf was voted out thsn for two or ee years prior thereto. 0 0? The municipal election Is nine n >ntha distant, yet some cltlsens aro sirokOy dKtcussing probable and avall 1 e candidatei for mayor and alder < ? a. It is rail ?er early to select can l ? ate*, but discussion can do no ? > ra. x The nest Council will have a 3 Icult task to perform if they are lad soon to administer the city's ~'\j*u without the Income from the 1 rjeaaau-y to help grease the wn eels ? ? ? fbe aanaal discussion of the sit s ?I Income tax dodging rich men has >.i Its course and we siall hoar no 'Mi about It until next /tar. ? # ' ? a "hat's the use of having a substan m I income If you can't dodge the tax n sharer ? t* ? ? rho fact that Charleston is one and i half degrees cooler thin Sheol is i subject of dally thaaxsglvlng and OtfratuJatlon. Summet la fairly r**? In spmts. but our people are too h ro say much a^out It. It we are ta/1nve a pr< tecttvo ourit ail. whs not hays a tariff on evsry ig)? article grown. mlnod. manufac ? reel or produced In uny manner ?atttaovor to these United States? sums* a tart* would be fairer and jus u r than a tarlaT that protects only fa . ?red classes. ? ? ? What would hapepn It Hub Evans mould turn State's evidence and tell sA aje ksiows about the lltste dispen cryj And that reminds us that ' ? mention has been made of Hub y vans' name In connection with the vast i gallon. 'e ? ? We can't get over John Boll Tow Ufa fall, for we knew him well and ?ked him wbea the T. II. C. A. was hm line of busin? slIbbRN DEATH AT DARLINGTON Mr. Robert Jamts Succumbs to At? tack of Heart Failure. Darlington. June If.?Mr. E. Hob ? -1 Jamea died here last night after v. t? w minutes Illness, agid about flf ? /-eight years. Mr James was apparently la hH usual health yesterday and spent the rroater part of the day with friends thing In Mlack Creek, near town, re ' iroing home about 7 o'clock In the ?tveaing Near midnight he was sels Wlth * are it pain ahou^ the heart rl-Mt* from hie be.i in his room a I'enrl street he. wltho it dressing. rpt In his night clothes, slipped on .la bed ? >om slippers and walked to be rOOMsWOO of Dr. James M. Earle, a distance of about fouf nun In .1 l. n id asked that something be lone for him. I ?r Esrle Immediately rendered a* dPtaebut death followed In a few nlriu't s. ? oronor R. Q, Parnell was notlfled, md after viewing the remains gave Ion to hi\?? th?*m remove 1 to 'he h ?me of relations, and from thor? ?-bey will l>e taken to Sumter tomor *OW m unlm; for Interment In th * 'srn'Vv I urlal around, near that place. aUr. jv - ? ? ' til know n her I tjgf about t .titty years, having come lor* from Humter and entered busi? ness) with his brother, the late J. M lames. For several years he was proprietor of the Dnrllnaton Hotel. >ut lately tun conducted a restaurant >P P? ?irl ht r. ? ???? air James Is survived by hi* widow ind three children, ail of them are rvlng in Atlant?. ? The remains of at>. James were Aken to the IMtts burial around In the lordan neighborhood on Thursday ind i nil \' .is Ol/* ' kliH i Farmers' Union News ?AND - Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers If (Conducted by F. W. Dabbs, President Farmers* Union of S unit er County.) The Watchman and Southron having decided to double its service by semi-weekly publication, would improve that service by special features. The first to be inaugurated is tUs Department for the Farmers* Union and : Tactical Fsrmers which I have been requested to conduct. It will be my aim to give the Union news and official calls of the Union. To that end officers, snd members of the Union are requested to use these columns. Also to publish such ollppings Tom the agricultural papers and Govern? ment Bulletins^ as I think will be of practical benefit to our readers. Ori? ginal articles by any of our readers telling of their successes or failures will be appreciated and published. Trusting this Department will be of mutual benefit to all concerned, THE EDITOR. All communications for tl is Department should be sent to E. W. Dabbs. Mayesville, 8. C. Some Random Thoughts. I wish to commend to the careful reading of every farmer the selections on "Home Grown Nitrogen" in this issue. These articles bear out what 1 have contended for, for many yjars: grow better crops than they now do without spending one cent foV nitro? gen, where now $25,000,000 is ex? pended. It Is only a question of whether the farmer will let nitrogen impoverish viz. the accumulating of nitrogen or him or make it help enrich him. Can ammonia on the farm by Judicious ro? tation of crops and feeding more stock. In this Black river section I am satisfied by years of experience when my pocket felt It, and by observation, that the application of nitrogenous fertilisers oftentimes reduces the yield. I have seen the time when cot? ton seed and nitrate of soda would both have yielded less loss, if dumped in Black river, Instead of applied to the cotton crop. any one conceive of any good reason for buying at 20 cents per pound what he can get for nothing?can even get paid for taking? For the le? gumes not only supply nitrogen, they make the finest feed for all sorts of stock; and if one-third the land plant? ed in cotton were each year devoted to leguminous crops, in five years, there would not only be more bales of cotton made at a much smaller ccat per bale, but there would also be more and better live stock In the Why? Because there was not South, better crops of all kinds, few enough potash and phosphoric acid to er bills to pay for feed and "supplies balance the ammonia, especially pot- more money coming in and less gn? ash, and the plants went to Jleces for ing out, richer farmers and a more Isok of these important elements of prosperous country, plant food. Now do not forget that The most prosperous farmers of the the mors legumes you grow the more South, almoat without exception, got potash and phosphorous you will need their nitrogen by growing legumes; ind can use profitably. E. W. D. Home-Grown Nitrogen as n Guide Post to "$000 More n Year Fnrmlng. Nitrogen Is one of the things we must have If we grow crops; and if era are to grow paying crops, we must save more than most of our soils pe w contain. Our cotton and grains and grasses all our crops, In fact the poorest ones get theirs from the fertiliser bag. One way leads to pov ? erty, the other leads to prosperity; and it is for each man to choose which path he will travel.?Progren sive Farmer. ' ??00 MORE A YEAH FARMING: HOW TO MAKE IT. By Growing Your Own Nitrogen. If any one need of Southern soils except the legumes?remove nitrogen CQuld be >|ngled Qut m ^ greate8, from the soil; ond even more than tben unQue8tlonably that tatest the cropa remove Is washed and leach- need would De organ|c nltrogen?nl *w*y- trogen supplied through the agency This, then, is the problem we are of decaylng vegetation. That nitrc up agAlnat: Ths already deficient ger la needed on almo8t a? our aolu, quantity of nitrogsn in our soils is thoU8and8 of experiments and almoat continually being reduced by the unlver8al observation prove beyond crops ws remove and by the action doubt That farmer8 recognlze this of the elements. ^ We must not only fact |g algo proved by the mlU|0n8 c,f keep up. we mutt increase the sup- dol!ars annually spent in the pur ply before we can make the crops we chHge of commerclal nUrog?n. But should. How are we to do this? there lg a 8carceiy le88 important fact There ars two ways: (1) We can wnIch l8 not go generally recognized; get It in commercial fertilise:!, or nameiy, that the most effective and (1) we can get it by the growing of economical way of supplying this leguminous crops. needed organic nitrogen to our soils We have tried the fertilizer plan? ^ tnrough the decay of legumes that is, we have tried the putting on grown on tne land Thls 8tatemerit of 4 to I pounds per acre, at a cost of mugt not be taken ag a contradiction 10 cents or more a pound, to replace o? our prevj0U8 8tatement8 that the that contained In the crcps we took greate8t value is obtained from a le off. In the seed of a cotton crop gume crQp when Jt |g con8umed Dy making 250 pounds of lint to the acre good Uve gtock and tne dropplngg rf there will be about ?6 pounds of ni- turned to tne iand We have aiready ttogen. This, at 2v> cents. Is worth d|8CU88ed tnat phase of the subject, $3.10?much more than the farmer and ,n th|g artlcle we pr0pose to deal gets for It. When he puts on the land wKh tho ODtalnlng 0f nitrogen 300 pounds of 8-2-2 goods he applies tnraugh tho growlng of legumes, enly 6 pounds of nitrogen, which When the nitrogen needed by our costs him at least $1.20, and leaves goUs |g 0Dta|ned through decomposing his land poorer by 10 pounds of nitro- k.gume8 there ls 8Uppiied something gen than It was In the beginning. As mcre tnan nItr0gen?humus. This Prof. Massey says: "He sells the ni- numU8 l8 not less necessary and will trogen in his cotton seed at about 10 an aurely |ncrease the production of cents a pound and buys back a frac- Qur goUg by lrnpr0ving their physical ti ?n of it In commeralal fertilizers at Cf ndltlong. The growing of nitrogen. M cents." Then, if the land ls left or rather the growing of nitrogen bare till the next cotton crop is plart- gatherInR crops, therefore. supplies ed. the winter rains will wash out more nitrogen than the crops reinov? Tin result of this method of try im; to supply nitrogen is shown In tht lee average rteMt of nil atnple cropa in the South, in the thousands of acres of land abandoned blChUM they win no longo? produce enough te pgy r. r woektuf them, in the low average Income and the consequent povert) gf Southern farmers. The second w a> to gel tbis nec - gflf] nitrogen, the growing of legu? minous crops. Is not an untried way I hi- bget farmers depend largely on it and there are few who have got tried It at some time or other. But II ehegld be the rgle and not the 1 v OSntlen. N<> gntlthem f irmer shoubl need to buy any nitrogen in commer the two needs of our soils, which, tak? en together. unquestionably stand flist in importance in any scheme of substantial or permanent soil Im? provement. The rotting >f plants, as every one knows, ls much Increased by heat and moisture. These ere have In abund? ance throughout the greater part of the AOttth. We not only have longer and warmer summers, but more rain? fall than in the northern and western parti of the Union. But this is not all. After tin- nitrogen In our eolla has been made soluble we then have i period during widen our lands are 1 ? tt bare and arc washed and h-ached by heavy and frequent wlntei rains; whereat. In many sections of our country the lack of moisture or the Ctnl fertilizer*. except fof sp. eial \ fr,.z,.n solI rsdUCOt tht lOBSSt Of nitro crops or under special conditionsI g9n from waning and leaching to 8 v In re a quick-act\i\v l"i in i in ? d. d minimum The picture ami letter printed here-1 l||st|p lMtt extending OV? with show how this may be done. I tr ft p?rtod of ten years, made In Min <*iimson clover in the winter and ^ where the summers are short. i rwpi m m the rammer, tin ? two ,,,, raln?fgU comparatively light, and cropa not geeesnnrtly following each |n8 (.,,|,| ;lMll ,n(nv lufficieni to loch other, ordinarily tiny should not - {hv nitrogen in the frogan toll durtni Id i" i 1 to ftv i . . v. i . . I 11 * there ' ?r.'ctde ib" fa.rioci-;. a i',- South to v ' fj,,rn three to lour t.nn-a is much nitrogen lost from the soil under a system of grain farming as was taken off in the crops, if the losses of ni? trogen are so large in Minnesota with her favorable climatic eonditions for conserving this nitrogei in her soils, what must the losses amount to in our climate from soils equally veil stocked with this plant food? Two Ways to Get Mtrogen. All living things contain nitrogen, but some plants, and especially the seeds of certain plants, contain larger quantites than others. Notable among these highly nitrogenous plants are the legumes or pod-bearing plants. These plants, while richer in nitro? gen, do not take it in larger quanti? ties from the soil; but are able to take it .from the air, nearly four-fifths of which is nitrogen. These plants U.ke nitrogen from the air in the soil through the assistance of certain eth? er very minute plants, called germs or bacteria, which li\e on their 1 iota. Some have had the erroneous Idea, that this nitrogen gathered from the air in the soil was stored up in the roots, but this is not very lsrgely the case. It is used by the ggowing plant and is stored or used in the forma? tion of the stalk, leaves and seeds of the plant. Of the cost of an S?2?2 fertilizer, about four-ninths is for the two pounds in a hundred of nitrogen w hich it contains and for an 8?ft?3 fertilizer, more than half the cost is for the nitrogen. It, therefore, fol? lows that we buy not far from $25, 000.000 worth of nitrogen each year which is largely taken from our own soils, when we could obtain the same amount from the air at less than one third the cost. There is a great variety of these legumes which may be grown. Some grow to maturity in a short time, or at such a season of the year that they do not interfere with the growing of other crops. Fortunately, also, some grow during the season of the year that our lands are usually bare and, therefore, are serviceable not only as nitrogen-gatherers, but also as cover crops. Not all will do well on all soils, but nowhere in the South I? there any lack of suitable condtlont for growing some sort of legumes on all soils at all seasons. When the Im? portance of the foregoing facts are fully realized and acted upon, tin n will soil improvement begin in real earnest. For the present it may be stated that bur clover, crimson clover and the vetches are the legumes most sr. it able for growth during the cool seasons of the year and cowpeas, soy beans, alfalfa, velvet beans, lespedesa and red clover, the most serviceable for summer growth. In a recent article In The Progres slve Farmer we gave the analysis of many of these plants, which facts should, In connection with the suit? ability of the plants to our particu? lar conditions, be taken Into cons d eratlon in selecting the legumes to be grown for the collecting of nitrogen. What the Legumes Will Do for Us. f The writer has seen 29 acres of fine sandy soil with a clay subsoil from S t? 15 inches beneath, which had not received a pound of commercial nitro? gen in over twenty vears, produce 35 bales of cotton. In short, it Is safe t > state that any farmer who five years hence buys nitrogen for staple field crops will not have lived up to hir opportunities as an intelligent far? mer. As intimated already, the full value of a legume crop to the soil is not measured by the nitrogen gathered alone, for the mechanical condition of the soil Is always improved; but we shall now consider briefly and solely the value of the nitrogen gathered by these legumes per ton of hay pro? duced and then state the results of a few tests showing actual increase In the succeeding crops as a result of these legumes. Value of the Nitrogen, at 20 Cents ? Pound. In Ono Ton of Hay. Red clover. $7.87 Japan clover?loapedOM . S.83 Alfalfa. 9.15 Bur clover. 9.60 Crimson clover. 9-7'.i Soy bean. 9.S6 Cowpot. 1062 Velvet bean (est?. 10.62 Vetch. 10SS Since from 1 1-2 tons to 2 tons Of hay per acre is not an unusual yield for these crops, the value or tin- nl trog< n gathered on an acre may be safely eatlmated ;<t from $10 to $20. The nitrogen in the stubble, roots and fallen leavei of these crops may vary from 10 t<> 25 per cent of thai in tin hay. For instance, it two tons of cowpea hay be produced per acre, containing nitrogen worth $21.24. there would probably he one-fourth as much nitrogen, worth $6.81. loft in the roots, stubble and fallen leavefi making the total value of the nitro? gen gathered in the growth of a crop i ot" tw<? tons of cowpea hay $2f.55, Most of this 131 8-4 pounds nitrogen would be fathered from the air. it would require about one ton ol r. n.ed meal to supply an equal , amount of nitrogen. some Actual Results. To prove Unit the foregoing figures ?>.,) eye operations the result of a cited showing that the increased yields of crops grown after these leg? umes, are equal In \alue to the nitro? gen gathered. In fact, very frequent? ly the increase in the value of the first crop immediately succeeding the grow th of the legumes is equal to the estimated value of the nitrogen gath? ered, at commercial prices. More O/0J-. the beneficial effects of a crop of legumes plowed into the soil are not confined to the first succeeding crop, but are shown in the subsequent crops for two or three years. Tho following illustrations of the practical or actual beneficial results from the growth of legumes are taken almost at random from hundreds which might be cited if space per? mitted: The North Carolina State Depart? ment of Agriculture found that a crop of bur clover increased the yield of seed cotton 400 pounds per acre and gave a net profit of $16. The Mississippi Delta Branch Ex? periment Station found that a crop of cowpeas in corn as a result of two years' tests increased the yield of lint cotton 110 pounds per acre, which with cotton at 10 cents a pound, gives a value of $11 per acre from a crop of cowpeas grown in corn. At the Alabama Experiment Sta? tion in four tests the average increase in yield of seed cotton per acre in the year immediately following the plow? ing in of cowpea and velvet bean vines was 567 pounds. At this same station one test with corn gave an increase in the first crop where velvet bean vines were plowed in of 81 per cent or 12.3 bushel". When the vines of the cowpea and velvet bean were utilized as hay and only the roots and stubble left as fer? tilizer, the increases in the first suc? ceeding crops were as follows: 208 pounds of seed cotton. 4.2 bushels of corn. 28. bushels of oats. 6.7 bushels of wheat. 2.08 tons of sorghum hay. At another experiment station the yield of corn Immediately following a crop of crimson clover was Increased from 35.7 bushels per acre to 55.1 bushels, or over 54 per cent With these facts, and hundreds of others equally convincing before us, why do we buy commercial nitrogen, and why do we not grow more leg? umes? By the use of the summer legumes for making hay to feed to live stock, and the use of the winter legumes for cover crops to plow un? der?by these and these alone?that "$500 More ? Tear" is easily within the reach of . hern farmer. Lets make it!?Progres-i e Farmer. Mayesville Cotton Bloom. Sanders Cain, an Industrious and prosperous colored farmer of Mayes ville, sends a cotton blossom which he plucked from his farm Thursday. He says, "We are coming." M ID Cl-LMI NATES IN TRAGEDY. Moody Street Battle in a ViKsi^ippi Town?Troops Rasssed to Scene to Prevent PoHsible R*?tfng. Meadviile. If lag., June 11._Two men are dead, two were perhaps fa wounded, and three others tally slightly injured in a blot,, y street bat? tle this afternoon. w?.u?.1 by parties to a bitter feud that had been pre? viously maiked with tragedy. As a result of the affair, feeling here runs high and .^tate troops were rushed to Meadviile from Brookhaven tonight to guard against a possibility of riot? ing. Those killed in the affray were Dr. A. M. Newman, clerk of the Chancery Court, of Franklin County, and Silas G. Reynolds. Dr. Lenox New, a son of one of the slain men, is believed to have been fatally injur3d, and Herbert Applewhite, an attorney, may not recover as the result of his wounds. Emmett Newman, another son, was shot in the leg. The three were taken to Natchez tonight for medical attention, after having been formally placed under arrest. Two men named Boyd and Parr, alleged to have been involved in the affray, were slightly wounded, but escaped and have not been captured. L P. Pritchard, a brother of Cor? nelius Pritchard, whom Dr. Newman killed seven weeks ago, was arrested and charged with complicity in the tragedy. CoeS Sale at Shaw & McColIum Mer. Co., Tues day, Wednesday and Thursday, 2.2nd to 24th. 6-17-lt. HORSE'S KICK PROVES FATAL. Shaft to Hagood's Brigade. Petersburg, Va., June 13.?Within the last week a beattlful monument to commemorate the brilliant charge made M Sunday, August 21. 18C4, by Hagood's Brigade of South Carolina on the earthworks near the Weldon railroad, held by Warren's corps, has been erected by Col. William V. Izlar, a citizen and prominent business man of Orangeburg, S. C, one of the sur? vivors of the charge, aided by other South Carolinians. Work on the new water main on West Liberty street has been complet? ed and work on the Oakland Ave. line is well under way. A main will also be laid on West Bartlette street from Council street to Edwards. When the extension of the water mains In this section of the city have been completed it will have as good water service and fire. protection as enjoyed by any other part of the city. Twelve fire hydrants will be located o?> tb*? mains amd every house tn that part of Lown will be within reach of a water main an<? not more than ?00 feet from a hydrant. There is no doubt bout ther ? hav? ing been too much rain during the past few days for the crops. The con? tinuance of this rainy season witl In? jure the crops seriously and an al? ready poor prospect will be made worse. The dog pound is doing business again, and there are several dogs on hand for ransom by owners or exe cation by the official dog killer. St. Matthews, June 16.?Mr. Chas Rickenbaker, a prominent farm? er of Cameron, died last night at his home under very distressing condi tlons. On Monday a little child was playing in the yard, fronttng his resi? dence, with a hitched horse near by An automobile came along and Mr Rickenbaker, thinking more about the safety of the child than anything else, ran to the horse to help keep him quiet. In some way he was kicked in the stomach and knocked senseless, and never regained consciousness. He was the brther of Dr. John Ricken liaker, a prominent physician of that section, about 5? years of age, and unmarried. His death is a great shock to the community in which he lived, and enjoyed the esteem and confi? dence of his neighbors. WANTED?Highest cash price paid for Long and Short Leaf Pine Logs Address J. W. Jackson. Sumter, S. C. ?-17-2wks. WANTED?I will pay good prices for Teams to haul logs by the thou? sand feet. Cash once a week. Ad? dress J. W. Jackson. 6-17-2wks. WILL COSTTN & CO., WHOLESALE KING. RETAIL 30 W. Libert> St. Flour, 24 lbs. 90c. Rice 8 l-3c qrt. Hams 10c pound. Sugar 5 l-4c pound. Vinegar 5 l-4c qrt. Meat 11c per pound. 4 ft. Cord Wood $2.25. Rooms to rent. Buy goods at wholesale prices. Get | any quantity you want at Shaw & Mc Collums. 6-17-lt. WANTED?To hire three four-mule logging teams to haul by the thous? and. Will pay cash once a week. Address J. W. Jackson, Sumter, S. C. W&S2wks-4t Hog Feed Cheap CARLOAD EXTRA NICE RICE FLOUR The cheapest and best Hog Feed you \ can use. We will sell it cneap as long as it lasts. Cl SUMTER, S C.