The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, December 23, 1908, Image 2

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MOT PRQPFRLY APPRECIATE!). raOPLfr'. \Hb: INDIFFKHKNT WITH 1lH.\HO TO IIIOII SCHOOLS. Tbey Mti Putting Neither their Chil? dren inir their Money Into tin* fk-hoots F^taMbihed by the State? KlrortN to Kvade Requirements of Um? HOrh iecbool Law. Columbia. December 11.?Despite the money and efforts expended In the ?ndoavor to build up a State high school system during the last two years. Prof. W. H. Hand, high school Inspector, declares In his report that the people arc not supporting the high schools. "They are putting neither their money nor their children into them." hs asserts. In proof of this as ass He a he cites these facts and argues: l*rom eighty nine high schools have gone, this session, to other schools 312 pupils, who lees one year or more of getting through the high achool at home. Thea? 111 pupils, at $250 each, (a minimum sllowance for a year's expeosea away from home at achool). will cost $71.000 this year. Many of th pupils have gone from schools partly supported by the State board. In some Instances the sending away of these pupils has ao reduced the attendance at the home school that It is having difficulty in meeting th? requirements as to attendance. "Such places must lesrn first to help themselves," declsres Mr. Hand. Ms continues, in his report to the State, high school board, as follows: "It U unnecessary for me to remind this board of the many dlfflcutles It haa met In making merited and equit? able appropriations from the State aid fund. Tho majority of the school boards have made nothing but rea sjonsble requests, stated definitely what they had to offer, made good every promise, used every dollar Just as It was latsndtd. ts be used, and In In? spection measured up to every re erelremeat. But there are others. It has been exceedingly difficult to pre? vent many schools from taking the State aid lato the common school and giving absolutely ao Increased effi? ciency In the high school. It haa oc? curred a number of times that a local hoard having already employed one high school teacher at $?0o to $1.000, would ask and accept $500 from this board, then insist on putting an assis? tant at $I?o. leaving $140 to be used ta ths c >inmon fnnd of the school?In ?dear violation of the law and the ifjsjaUititHU on which the appropriation eras made Tim- ind again has your beard been assured in July or Augu st that a eertaln high school would have mere than* Cht required If pupils, two blgh school teachers, and at least tvo common school teachers?all required by the law; tnen with the law and the regulation* before the local board, and knowing that the requirements had not r*en met % month after the open? ing of Iba safceet, Iba board has not whh it i#rn iu application, but Insisted on gsttins; the appropriation. Several times appropriations have been re? quested on the promise that the law sind the regulations would be met a year hence. It would seem that many people lenk upon the school law as an Instrument ts be obeyed only when it is entirely convenient." This Is pretty plain talk, but plain talk abounds all through Mr. Hand'* eery readable report. "N'tfXt to the Inefficiency of the teaching force," saya Prof. Hand, "the snost serious Imperfection of the high school u the course of study ' It 1* defective, he auys, in aeveral particu? lars which Mr. Hand cltea. aa fol? lows: ' "'if course for all pupils, Instead e>f at least two parallel elective courses; entirely too many subject cowded Into this single course, bring? ing together all manner of unrelated and incongruous subjects; and three years' work spread out over a four ycar schedule. To do effective wora a high school student ought not to carry more than flve subjects at once - never gsgfa than six. More than ? half our high schools give seven and eight stud lea at a time to at least a pint of their course; hence the teachers und (he pupils dissipate their tlm? and effort* and get poor results. J'ully one-half the subjects are not given time enough to be of any real Value. To Illustrate. thlrty-threo acheoU taugat physics only three gsv" the subject the allotted time to snake one unit of credit; sixty-nine ? n;>t auasCJfteai history, one <<f the n i mport\t t high school ?ubjecte? six I? on? unit; seventy-six taught ?>'.. - th] aigsl m.ide a full unit \*hwii I < ? It?le benefit does a teacher eejgssB] a class to get from studying Tart's Physical QsjOgraphs with two SO- minute recitations a week for a v ir* Or, wh.it advantage Is there in putting seven or eight gflbjoetl In a grade and running T.ur tnrough |W? ??fit t ? \ . ;*! ^ ' Perhaps there Is no better t? -et of a teacher's competence than his course of study. It lit an epitome of his con? ception of education so far us Is cov? ered by his course. In It he shows 1 what he think*) a pupil ought to study, ' how much and how far the pupil aught to study oach subject, how thor ter each, and how much each teacher is able to accomplish. Almost with? out exception in any particular school in this State the person responsible for ?he high school course is responsible for the elementary course leading to it. What are we to suppose a teach? er's educational creed to be when he has his eighth grade and his tenth grade studying the same history and reciting 75 pages apart? Or. when he regularly follows Bain's Latin Book by Collar & Danlell's? Or. when Buehler's English Grammar is regu? larly followed by Maxwell or some other of the same grade. Or when botany and physics alternate with each other in the same grade with no science in the previous year? Or, what is the explanation of the eighth, ninth and tenth grades studying the same arithmetic at the same time and all beginning at about the same place? Something is radically wrong when It becomes necessary for the tenth grade to review common fractions in arith? metic. "When the Joint committee appoint? ed by the State Teachers' Association and the Association of Colleges made Its recommendation to this board something more than two years ago. It recommended that a two-year high school must make 8 units, a three year high school 12 units and a four-year high school 15 units, and at the same time recom? mended the content of these units. These recommendations were based upon the system in general use through the East, North and North? west. It must be borne In mind that this system made no credit allowance for English grammar or artlthmetic, both of which are credited In Table 1 at the request of this board. A refer? ence to Table 1 shows that there are 101 schools reported and divided as follows: One school claiming a one year course, 28 schools claiming a three-year course, 62 schools claiming a three-year course, and 10 schools (Including Memmlnger) claiming a four-year course. In 93 of these schools English grammar was taught, and In 97 arithmetic was taught. With the additional credit of these two sub? jects, let us see how the schools stand: Of the 10 schools claiming a four-year course 4 schools made the required 15 units; of the 62 claiming a three-year course lit made the required 12 units; of the 28 claiming a two-year course 8 made the required 8 units; leaving one school with a one-year course. These figures show that 76 per cent, of the high schools of the State, are falling below the standard set up by the teachers ^f the State, ond below their stalgMfc It la now portlnent to a?k if this standard is impossible or unreasonable. Is It? "No high school In the State runs leas than four and one-half years ac? tual teaching time In the dally sessions ?exclusive of all recess time. In such la school six 45-mtnute recitations can be heard by each teacher every day? It is done throughout the State. Un? der such conditions, a high school with a three-year course and two teachers make 12 units of credit by economis? ing time. These two teachers can Jointly give 12 recitations each day, four recitations to each of the three classes. With 45-mlnute periods five times a week for 36 weeks, any com? petent teacher can do the work re? quired to make any unit In the scheme ?If the pupils have been prepared to do high school work when they were put there. Some one at once protests that Pain's Latin Book cannot be com? pleted in one year. No, not with 30 mlnute recitations, and six other sub? jects for study. The author, with thirteen years' experience in second? ary teaching, says that it can be done. However, he does not say that a twelve-year-old boy unable to separate the subject from the predicate in a simple sentence In English can com? plete his book in one year?in fact, he does not insist that such a hoy will ever complete the book. Another objects that you cannot carry a class to quadratics In algebra In one year. No; that would be impossible perhips with boys before reaching percentage In arithmetic; It is more than probable that seventh grade pupils could not rcaoh quadratics in one year. "Now, if it be possible for two teachers to teach a three-year course, and to make 12 units, why Is it that some schools with one-half the time, or even the whole time, of the third high school teacher cannot make 12 units? "The same facts and the Ihme ran? soning ought to convince any one that no two teachers teaching four and one-ha If bOttfS a day can possibly make more than 111 units. For two teachers |0 undertake a single full course ir a four*year snhool, with Its OVarlapping and its repetitions In the work. Is a hopeless task. "The pity of all this is that the pu? pils are Suffering, the patrons art not getting returns and everybody Is bliss? fully Ignorant of the situation or bliss? fully Indifferent." ?Most peopl,. past middle nyr0 HUf_ fer from kidney and bladder disorders widt h roley*! Kidney Hemedy would cure. Stop the drall on the vitality and restore needed stivimth and vigor. Commence taking Foley's Kidney Bemedy today. W. W. Slbcrt. HOW TO IMPROVE SCHOOLS. Mil. O. B. M1AKTIN SUBMITS TEX BHOAD 11ECOMMENDATION.S Retiring Superintendent of Education Compactly Summarizes His Vk*ws as To the NeetLs of the School System In South Carolina, Covering a Groat Deal in Very Few Words. Columbia. Dec. 13.?State Superin? tendent of Education Martin has sum? marized under ten headings the rec? ommendations in his final annual re? port to the general assembly as fol? lows: "(1) A commission should be ap? pointed to revise the school Code and submit the same to the General As? sembly at Its next session. "(2 Our system of county super? vision should be Improved by making county boards elective by the people and the superintendents elective by county boards. ,4(3) There should be a State tax or State appropriation to raise the per capita per child in each county to at least $4. Weak counties should be aided first. Such an appropriation I would tend to give us a State school system. I "(4) The legislature could well af? ford to make an appropriation to aid I rural schools which run for eight I months, and which have eight grades. I There should be at least two teachers I and forty-five pupils in such schooL I Such action would encourage consoll I datlon and local taxation. Many com I munlties cannot meet tho requlre I ments of the High School Act. "(5) The High School Act should be I amended so that small towns can com? ply with its requirements, so that the I number of schools In large counties I may be Increased, and so as to give I the tSate high school board more dis I cretion and authority in passing upon I the merits of each individual case. It I will be necessary also to increase the I high school appropriation as the de I mand Increases. "(6) I believe that the time has I come when the legislature should es I tablish agricultural high schools. Other I trade and vocational schools will fol I low within a few years. I "(7) It will be neoessary to make I better provision for summer schools I for teachers if this work is to be kept I up as heretofore. "(8) The method of conducting I teachers' examinations should be I changed at once so that greater unl I fortuity and efficiency may be se I cured. I "(?) The field agent of the cam I palgn committee should be made an I assistant In this department and a sal lary provided for her services. The I State board of education should be al I lowed to make a small appropriation I to encourage schools to get pictures I and chest of tools. I "(10) This office should be pro I vided, at the earliest possible convenl I ence. with sufficient rooms, furniture I files and fixtures." Great men stand like solitary tow? ers In the city of God.?Longfellow. Camphor in Florida. That the cultivation of the camphor tree is being seriously considered as b substitute for orange cultivation in those sections of Florida where frost.-, have made the latter Industry an un? profitable one, is one of the facts that has been brought out in connection with hearings being held by the ways and means committee of the house preliminary to the Introduction of a new tariff bill at a special session of congress next year. As a result of the hearing on th? reh'.dule providing for chemicals, it ft proposed to restrict the free admission of camphor to the crude, natural art? icle. As a result of the experiments conducted by the department of ?gri culture with camphor growing It. Floilda and the announcement by two concerns of their intention of cultivat? ing camphor to a considerable degree that crtlcle may be taken off the fr?e list rltogether within a few years. Hoxamcthylcneietramine. ?The above is tho name of a Ger? man chemical, which is one of the many valuable Ingredients of Foloy s Kidney Remedy. Hexamethylenetetra mlne Is recognized by medical text books and authorities as a uric acid solvent and antiseptic for the urine. Take Foley's Kidney Remedy as soon as you notice any irregularities, and Hvoid a serious malady. W. W. Sl bert. A number of Greenwood people bought stoek in the BemlnolS Securi? ties Company. Beware of Frequent Cold*. ?A succession of colds or a protract? ed cold is almost certain to end In chronic catarrh, from which few per? sons ever wholly recover. Qlvs every COld the attention it deserves and you may avoid this disagreeable disease. How oan you cure a cold? why not try Chamberlain's Cough Remedy? H is highly recommended, .Mrs. M. White, of Butler Tenn., says: "Several years ago i was bothered with my throat and lungs, Someone told me of Chamberlain's Cough Remedy. I began using it and it rellevi d me at Once. Now my throat and lungs me sound nod well." For sale by all Drug? gists. -ROWNSVILLE DISCUSSION. SENATOR FORAKER SPEAKS AX I) PRESIDENT WRITES ABOUT IT, Shoot Ing-Vp of Texas Town, Which Resulted in Riscliarge of Three Companies of Negro Soldiers, Re fore Senate Yesterday?Forakcr Wants Investigation?President Willing for Innocent Troopers to be Reinstated. Washington. Dec. 14.?Senator For aker today introduced an amendment I to the bill providing for the re-enlist ment of negro troops discharged with? out honor because of alleged partici? pation In the affray at Brownsville, Texas, and addressed the senate con I cerning the amendment. He proposes I in his new measure to establish a tri I bunal consisting of retired army of I fleers, naming these officers in the bill, I before whom evidence may be submit I ted as to the guilt of defendants, and I before whom the defendants them I selves might appear to answer I charges. I The measure is so drawn as practi I cally to take out of the hands of the I executive and give to a tribunal ap I pointed by congress, full authority to I consider the Brownsville question and I by Its findings provide for the re-en I listment of the discharged negroes. In I addressing the senate Mr. Foraker I said It was an elementary proposition I In American law that the accused may I have an opportunity to confront the I accuser and to appear In person and I answer evidence with evidence. He I said that he had not expected It would I be necessary to enter upon a new in I vestigation of the Brownsville ques I tion, but that during the summer let I ters had been coming to him from I these discharged negro soldiers de I daring that detectives were constant I ly engaging them in conversation. I "These men," said Senator Foraker, I "are not secret service detectives, of I course, for they would have no right I under the law to engage in such ser? vice." Continuing the senator spoke of the I activities of the detectives, as outlined I by his correspondents, saying that in I many cases they went so far as to take I up their dwelling with the discharged I soldiers for the purpose of securing I their confidence and spying upon their I movements. The senator read some I extracts from the letters, a batch of I which he held In his hand as he spoke. I One soldier wrote to Senator For I aker that he was questioned by a de I tf ctive in response to any letters he I might have received from the senator. I "There seems to be a good deal of I interest about my correspondence," I added Mr. Foraker. Upon the conclusion of Mr. .Forak ler's remarks Mr. Culberson asked that I the president's message on the I Brownsville affair be read, and Vice I President Fairbanks directed that that I be done, all senators present remain I in*, in their seats and listening atten I tively to the reading. I Senator Foraker took the floor as I soon as the president's message and I the accompanying reports had been I read. He read a letter from Boyd I Conyers, a discharged soldier, who is I alleged to have made a confession to I a colored detective named Lawson I whose report accompanies others con I tained In the document made up by I the war department and read today: I In his letter to Senator Foraker Con I yen speaks of the visit of Lawson to I Monroe. Ga., where Conyers has been I living. Conyers says he learned that I Lawson was there to "pick" him, and that he had the "high sheriff" to ar? rest Lawson. As Lawson had not had an opportunity to have a private talk I with Conyers, according to the latter's letter, it made him angry, and Con? yers says Lawson "told lies" to the I sheriff about him. I At this point Mr. Foraker referred I caustically to this colored detective, I calling attention to the fact that his I "high sounding, smooth, logical report I is signed with his mark," and pausing I to look around the senate, the sena I tor added: "When this thing is gone to the bot? tom of all, honest men will be ashamed of it." Mr. Foraker said the statement of the president concerning this Investi? gation by detectives showed the pro? priety of adopting such a provision as that embodied in his amendment. "It seems to me," he said, "that one of the worst features of this whole un? fortunate business is that this man should now be pursued in this way by secret detectives in the manner I have described." 1 Senator Foraker read a letter he had written to Conyers in which be said he. (the senator) would "look af? ter" the detectives who were visiting him "at the proper time." "That promise will be made good," declared Mr. Foraker, "Enough haa been shown," he as? serted, "to make it the Imperative duty of the senate to create a tribunal before which these men can go ami receive a hearing, is there anything mote atrocious than this proceidtng against these men? This is the sixth time they have been pjl on trial, and five times they have been acquitted, in my opinion." The message of the president, trans mining to the senate a numbe: of pa pen relating io the Brownsville affray j is as follows: To the Senate: I inclose herewith a letter from the secretary of wai transmitting a report of tie investiga? tion made by Mr. Herbert J. Browne, employed by the department In con? junction with Capt. W. G. Baldwin to investigate as far as possible what happened at Brownsville on the 13th and 14th of August, 1906. The report and documents contain some inform? ation of great value ard some state? ments that are obviously worthless but I submit them in their entirety. This report enables us to fix with tolerable definiteness, at l-?ast some of the criminals who took the lead in the murderous shooting of private citizens a* Brownsville. It establishes clearly the fact that the colored soldiers did the shooting; but upon this point fur? ther record was unnecessary, as the fact that the colored soldiers did the shooting has already been established beyond all possibility of doubt. The investigation has not gt ne far enough j to enable us to determine all the facts, land we will proceed with it; but it has j gone far enough to determine with J sufficient accuracy certain facts ol J enough Importance to rnske it advisa I ble that I place the report before you. j It appears that almost all the mem j bers of Company B must have been I actively concerned in the shooting. J either to the extent of being partici I pants or to the extent of virtually en I couraging those who were partici I pants. As to Companies C and D, I there can be no question that practi I cally every man in them must have j aad knowledge that the shooting was I done by some of the soldiers of B I Troop, and possibly by one or two I others in one of the other Troops. This I encealment was Itself a grave offense. I which was greatly aggravated by their I testifying before the senate committee I that they were ignorant of what they j must have known. Nevertheless, it is I to be said in partial extenuation that I they were probably cowed by threats, I made by the more desperate of the I men who had actually been engaged I in the shooting, as to what would hap I pen to any man who failed to protect I the wrongdoers. Moreover, there are I circumstances tending to show that I these misguided men were encouraged I by outsiders to persist In their course I of concealment and denial. I feel, I therefore, that the guilt of the men I who, after the event, thus shielded I the perpetrators of the wrong by re I fusing to tell the truth about them, I though serious, was in part due to the I unwise and improper attitude of oth I ers. and that some measure of allow I ance should be made for the mlscon I duct. In other words, I believe wt I can afford to reinstate any of these j men who now truthfully tell what has I happened, give all the aid they can I to fix the responsibility upon those j who are really guilty, and show that I they themselves had no guilty know I ledge beforehand and were In no way I Implicated in the affair, save by hav I ing knowledge of it afterwards and I failing and refusing to divulge it. Un I der the circumstances, and in view of I the length of time they have been ou I of the service, and their lose of the I benefit that would have accrued to I them by continuing long-time service I we can afford to treat the men who j meet the requirements given as hav I Ing been sufficiently punished by the I consquences they brought upon them j selves when they rendered necessary I the exercises of the disciplinary power I I recommend that a law be passed al I lowing the secretary of war, with! I a fixed period of time, say a year, to I reinstate any of these soldiers whom j he, after careful examination, finds tc I have been innocent and whom he find to have done all in his power to hel bring to justice the guilty. Meanwhile the investigation will I continued. The results have made obvious that only by carrying on the j Investigation as the war departm I has actually carried it on is tiere the slightest chance of following the o fenders to justice or of separating not hardly any Innocent, but the less iruilty from those whose guilt w heinous. Theodore Roosevelt. The White House. Dec. 14, 1908. Modular Pains Cured. ?"During the summer of 1903 I w troubled with muscular pains in th instep of my foot," says Mr. S. Pedla of Toronto, Ont. "Ai times it was painful 1 could hardly walk. Cham berlaln's Pain Balm was recorrmend to me, so I tried it and was COmplet ly cured by one small bottle. 1 hav since recommended it to several of m friends all of whom spe/ik highly it." For sale by all Druggists. Mis. It. U Wilson dropped dead at her home in Anderson County. I Marked for Death. "Three years ago 1 was marked for death. A gmve-ygrd cough was tear? ing my lungs to plecea Doctors failed to help mo, ami hope had fled, when my husband got Dr. King's New Dis? covery," snys Mrs. A. C. William;. ?1 BSC, Ky. "The tirst dose helped 'no und Improvement, kept on until 1 had gained :>S pounds in weight and my health was fully restored.' This medi? cine holds the world's healing r tool 1 for coughs and colds and lung and throat diseases, it prevents pneu? monia. Sold under guarantee ;.t W. W. Siherfs Drug Store. 60o and $1.0U Trial bottle free. RECEIVERS FOR SEIM?9?. JUDGE WAITS ORDEK: COMFASnr TO SHOW ( AlSt:. On Oo?plahlt <>!' S.ooMiouicrs Thut gassjaole ?OctUitkw . opany His Ren Wrecked by the M ?n-igt-im m A;.ti its Bovin und Re ?Ida Remov? ed From the Blase by its President, tlie Judge of the Fourth Circuit Orders it to Sliow Cause Why a Re? ceiver Should Not be Appointed. Columbia, Dec. 16.?A receiver for. the Seminole Securites Company has been applied for by Messrs. Nelson A Nelson, of this city, and Park & Grier, of Greenwood, representing Mr. J. S. Klugh, of Coronaca, a brother of Judge Klugh, and others. An order to show cause why the receiver should not be appointed bas been signed by Judge R. C. Watts, of the 4th circuit, in the absence of Judge Ernest Gary, w)f vne Hb circuit, and the officers and trustees of the Seminole Company 4fe restrained from disposing of or Inter- s fering with the assets ef the company pending the decision of this case. The ? order is returnable before Judge Watts at Cheraw on the 21st of December. In the complaint filed by Mr. Klugh and others, through their attorneys, it *s set forth that the trustees willingly though not with intention to defraud lent their names to obtaining sub? scriptions of stock, upon fraudulent representations of the agents; that no meeting of the stockholders has been held, though a board of directors has been elected or appointed; that the charter has been secured on the alle? gation that 50 per cent of the $300, )00 capital has been subscribed, though it is alleged that almost all the stock was subscribed for after the charter had been obtained, and that its outstanding capital is only $165,000 instead of $300,000; that stock was .sold at 60 per cent premium on a comminsion of 33 1-3 per -:ent, which was an unlawful commission; that notes were accepted for atocks, and -hese notes discounted for as much as 40 per cent in some cases The his? tory of the deal with the Southern Life is reviewed. It is alleged that '.arlington. the president, has taken the books and records out of the State %nd that the Seminole Company is in? solvent. These and other allegations make warm stuff. ; d CASTRO BURNED IN EFFIGY. His Ruin in Venezuela h Prnbablf Ended. Caracas, Venezuela. Monday DSC 14, via Willems! Dec. 16 ?The people of Caracas arose today against President Castro. An infuri? ated mob, unhindered by the police, swept through the city, wrecking the property of his henchmen and closest friends. The people rounded up all the stat? ues and pictures of President Castro from the clube and other semi-public buildings and burned them with re? joicing on the Plata Bolivar. Castro's rule in Venezuela probably is ended. In spite of Holland's war-like ac? tivity on the coast, there have been no demonstrations against the Neth? erlands; they all have been directed \galnst President Castro and acting President Gomez. Further dangerous demonstrations are anticipated. No official act de? posing Castro from the presidency of Venezuela yet has been taken, but such a step is expected at any mo? ment. Tills Is Wrorth Reading. ?Leo F. Zellnskl, of 63 Gibson St., Buffalo, N. Y., says: "I cured the most annoying cold sore I ever had. with Bucklen's Arnica Salve. I applied this >alve once a day for two days, when every trace of the sore was gone." Heals all sores. Sold under guarantee at Slbert's Drug Store, 25c. The town of Blacksburg will issue bonds in the sum of $15,000 for the purpose of building an eUctrlc light plant. For Eczema, Tetter and Salt Rheum ?The intense itching characteristic of these ailments is almost instantl> allayed by Chamberlain's Salve. Many a>vere cases have been cured by It. For sale by all Druggists. Miss Rena Peaty. 8 wall known young lady of Charleston, was held up on Washington square in that city by a negro and robbed of her purse. ?Foley's Hsney and Tar clear the ilr passages, stops the irritation In the throat, soethes the inflamed mem? branes, and the most obstinate cough disappears. Sore and inflamed lungs are healed and strengthened, and the cold is expelled from the system. Re? fuse any but the genuine in the yel? low package. W. W. Sibert. The railroad commission has com? menced its tour of annual Inspection of the railroads of the State. ?Every case of backache, weak back. Madder inflammation and rheumatic pains is dang? rous if neglected, for such troubles are nearly always due t?> weak kidneys. Take DeWitt'a Kidney and Bladder rills. They are antisep? tic and soothe pain quickly. Insist upon DeWitt'a Kidney ami Bladder Pills. For weak kidneys and inflam? mation of the bladder they are un equaled. Regular size 50c. Sold here by all Druggists.