The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, April 17, 1907, Image 6
* SCHOOLS AX INVESTMENT.
'Speech Delivered by Mr. Hugh C |
Hainsworth at the Gen. Sumter I
Memorial Academy, ac the Teach?
ers Meeting Held on Saturday, April
6. 1907.
It seems to nie a sort of home-com?
ing to be with teachers again. For
years a teacher myself, I cannot f el
myself an outsider in such a gather?
ing as this, nor do I believe that my
j interest in the purposes for which this
association was organized will ever
flag.
If in the subject that has been as?
signed me-there *is no appeal to my
i combative instinct by* reason of the
fact that I am speaking to an audi?
ence already convinced of what 3
would demonstrate- this is more thai:
made up for by the "sympathy and in?
terest which such a subject will elicit
s from you no matted what my treat?
ment of may be.
Expenditures upon schools as an
investment.
V Investment is the emphatic "-ord
. .in this subject. The Century Dic?
tionary defines investment as an "ex?
penditure for profit or future bene?
fit-" It is the exchanging et present
value-even to the point of sacrifice
at times-for future good. Hope is
thc vessel that carnes it to its desti?
nation.
There are certain elements thai en- j
ter into every investment. The first j
of these is capital . It goes without
saying that mvestm?ht is out of the
question for one who has nothing to
invest. Next the selection of a place
to invest, and then the presence to
walt for the fruits of investment- It
is safe to say that the farmer who
digs .up his com the day after it is
plantedVo see if it is sprouting will
not make much of a crop. He may
add to his knowledge, but he won't
increase his capital. In the selection
of a pl?ce to put one's capital the
main element is confidence. The first
question the investor asks is if it is
safe. It is in this that investment dif?
fers from speculation. The investor
seeks his ' own with interest at his
comics; he does not care to hazard
his capital upon the chance of large
increase. The speculator, cn the oth?
er hand, in many instances, throws
caution to the winds in his grasping
after the increase. In both the in
crease is the inducement; there must
"be some future inducement; there
must be some future benefit or ulti?
mate reward or there would be no
invesiing. But the amount of in
-crease is not the only test of in?
vestment. The speculator is not a
desirable element in the business
world. His disregard of real values
brings about an inflation that must
be followed by more or less shrink?
age. He is not much worse, however,
than the timid soul who takes his tal?
ent and buries it, withdraws his cap?
ital from productivity. Such a man,
if he over ventures into the business
world, takes fright at the first shad?
ow he sees and by defying safety,
produces every panic that shakes the
foundations of finance. He calls in
bis money when it is? most needed and
brings on faiiures where none need
( bave happened.
I take it that the expenditures
*. meant my the subject include only
money or capital of a material na?
ture. And I am not to go into a dis?
cussion of the patience, :;he tireless
energy, the devotion, the love, yes, I
might say the heroism, that have
made almost every school house the
scene of dramas which need only the
pen of the master to make them
touch the heart of the world. Scenes
that are none the less' pathetic for
lack of a poet to sing them. What
a world of hopes, of dreams, of vis
ions, of ambitions have clustered
around our schooisl What tragedies
of discouragement, of ingratitude, ol
.despair have been enacted in them!
What Herculean labors have -beer
lavished upon them! Through them
what monuments have bee:: builder
-better than the builders knew! He
who-illumined, raised, sported
could rise to tne height of thl? great
argument would win the sympathy
of the most indifferent, and thrill thc
world.
It is not for me. however, to tread
npon such holy ground, and I hasten
to limit my theme to the benefit that
society will derive from laying out
money upon schools.
President WToodro\v Wilson, ol
.Princeton, has defined society as "an
organic association of idividuals foi
.mutual aid." If the question is ask-?
ed, "'aid to what?" The answer must
be "to self development." Govern?
ment is the organ of joe ie ty. It is
that through which society expresse?
its will. It is the end of government
to carry out the purpose of organized
society. Xow it is clear that organ?
ized society, and consequently thc
State or government, exists for th?,
benefit of the individuals composing
it-not the individuals for the sake
of government.
The opposite conception prevailed
in Greece and Rome and as a con?
sequence government reached a high
degree of effectiveness. But
more power was concentrated in
government-and Anally in one :
as the embodiment of the State?
less attention was paid to the ir.
est of the individual, and governn
was diverted from its true end. il
inhumanity to man under such
scheme led many to regard gov*
ment as an evil, producing
.'laissez -faire'' doctrine, anarch!
and finally nihilism. Under tl
last extreme doctrines the d<-; c
ence of the individual upon soc
for mutual aid-for his highest
velopment was lost sight of. I'
by reason of his intellect-no:
individual strength-that man dc
nates the lower animals? and i
only in and through society
clash of mind on mind-that ni;
intellect can develope or even
any appreciable field for Ks a.ctlvSi
Between the extreme views of ti1,
who would have the government
everything for thc individual-so;
; times known as socialism or pa'
nalism-and the viev.-s'of those v
! would abolish government as an ^
lies the happy mean. ' The solutlo.
to be found neither in society's do
everything for the individual, ncr
the individual's ignoring . soc!
There are many things that sod
can do for the individual better t:
he can do for himself; but gove
mental action should be limited
those things: xor by arrogating to
self all activities government wo
rob man of many of the fundamer.
elements ot real manhood-that
to say-individual initiative^ resp;
sibiiity. and effort.
Of ?durst; even after accepting 1
principles that the State should
only those things, that can
more convenient! - or advantageou
done by it, here is wide room :
deference of opinion as to the 2
plication of the principle. For
stance, is education one of thc
things that it is better for society
undertake through some of its c
gans? There are those who conte
that the ideal education would
that which is given entirely with
the horns, if that were possible,
think not. It has been said th
"every rule of development is a ri
of adaptation." The doctrine of "s
lection'" or "survival of the fittest"
based on adjustment of the organis
to ils environment. Only those thin
can survive which can bring ther
selves into harmony with their su
roundings and make use of them i:
stead of being overcome by thei
Xow the most important feature ?
man's environment is man, this b
ing the element that can affect hi:
most for good or evil. To the exte]
that a system of education deprives
child of contact with its kind-fal
to teach him to find his place in s(
ciety-to adjust himself to his su:
roundings-to that extent -it miss?
its mark. It narrows instead
broadening; it does not prepare tb
child to "meet the circumstances c
the case." The great German phile
sopher-poet has said,
"Es bildet ein Talent sich inder St?h
Sich ein Character in dem Strom de
Welt;"
which has been translated,
"A genius forms itself in solitude;
A character in struggling with th
world."
/1 believe then that education is :
proper undertaking for society.
I go further; I believe that it is th<
highest activity of society.
It is being more and more gener?
ally accepted that religion is not th<
proper sphere for governmental ac?
tivity, hence what I shall have tc
say will not include this phase ol
man's life.
The highest end of man is the re?
alization of self-the development ol
ali the God-given powers implanted
in man at his birth-the unfolding
ol' embryonic capacities into the full
flower of matured powers, evidenced
by achievement. Here again it is
only fair to say that there have been
controversies. Some would make
pleasure or happiness the chief end
of man, others have regarded duty as
the proper end of effort. We must pass
over this controversy also with the
observation that those who are guid?
ed solely by pleasure would reduce
society to a chaotic state, and those
who made duty the chief end would
seem to empty life of many of its
dearest. realities. If the realization
of self is the highest end of man, we
see from President Wilson's defini?
tion of society, (that is to say "an
organized association of individuals
for mutual aid to said development,")
that this is also the highest end of so?
ciety. It must be, therefore, the high?
est end of government wihch is the
organ of society.
This, of course, does not m^an that
government can furnish ready-madf
self-realization to individuals. Our
definition assumes only "aid." Thom?
as Jefferson in his haste said that all
? men were born free and equal, show?
ing considerably more respect for "all
men" than Solomon did in his haste,
ft is not true that all me are born
?qual or free but it should be the
purpose of every man to win for hil
self freedom in the highest sense
the word- X<? governmental agen
.an make men equal, but it should '
the object of government to equali
opportunity. Some men arc endow?
by nature with one talent, some wi
five, but society should see to it th
neither should be hampered in tl
: use of his talents. In self develo
mont there are many elements th
are intangible and it is impossible
lay down absolute- mies to guide rai
in his endeavors toward this en
There are multitudes of cireur
stant-es. great or small, surround!*
the individual, making for or retar?
ing development; over which gover.
ment can properly exercise little <
no control.
There are many little things goir
to make" up a man's character, whk
i cannot be catalogued. They are t<
I elusive-to be dealt witr) by clam:
I man-made institutions. Browiaig h;
said in his Rabbi Ben Bzra:
"Xot on the v?lgar mass
Called 'work' must sentence $ass
;iu.g<. Uon.v that :cok the eye ai
I
But ?Vt the word's coarse thumb
Ar--: -ii?ger :a:>d to pm mb.,
feo passed in niaking up tne rna:
I acoQitni';
: All msiir.eis immature.
il purposes unsure, .
swelled the man's amount.
Thoughts hardly to be peeked
Into a narrow act, i
Fancies that broke through languag
ar.d escaped:
All I could never be,
AU. men ignored in me.
This, I was worth to Cod, whos
wheel the pitcher shaped."
So. too, there is a "holy of holies
in every temple into which it is law
ful for only the high priest to ente:
Foi* the public, wi.ether through 02
ganized government or not, to peni
trate into the inner shrines of man
life is unwarranted interference an
tyranny.
But because society owes it to th
individual to aid him to self-develop
ment-the more because men are nn
equal, and some are less able to gc
it for themselves than others-tha
system of knowledge acquired by so
ciety through ages of travail and par
tial triumphs, which experience ha
sh,own will aid the individual in ad
justing himself to his environmenl
should be furnished to him. The op
portunity should be given him t
equip himsek.
Carlyle, with his rugged, unle?a.rne<
old father in mind, has written thi
pathetic appeal: "It is not because
of his toils that I lament for th<
poov-we must al toil, or steal
(howsoever we name our stealing)
which 'is worse; no faithful work
I man finds his task a pastime.. Th<
j poor is hungry and athirst; but fo]
him also there is food and drink; h(
is heavy laden, and weary; but foi
him also the heavens send sleep, ?nc
of the deepest: in his vsmoky cribs, z
clear dewy hen ven of rest envelopes
him, and fitful glitterings of cloud
skirted dreams. But what I do mourn
over is, that the lamp of his soul
should go out; that no ray of heaven?
ly, or even earthly, knowledge should
visit him; but only in the haggard
darkness, like two spectres, fear and
indignation bear him company. Alas,
while the body stands sov broad and
brawny, must the soul lie blinded,
dwarfed, stupefied, almost annihilat?
ed! Alas, was this too a breath of
God; bestowed in heaven, but on
earth never to be unfolded! That
there should/ one man die ignorant
who had capacity for knowledge, this
I call a tragedy, were it to happen
more than twenty times in the m?n?
ate, as by some computations it does.
The miserable tradition of science
which our united mankind, in a wide
universe of nescience, has acquired,
wby is not this, with all diligence, im?
parted to ail "
The only practical method the gov?
ernment has of imparting this "mis?
erable tradition of science" is through
her schools.
Do expenditures upon these con?
stitute in investment? Will society
with its large, and growing capital
instruct its organ, gove^n^cnt, to lay
out its funds in this enterprise? The
answer to this depends to some ex?
tent upon the teachers, who are the
directors of the undertaking. Let the
people be inspired with confidence in
those who are to manage the invest?
ment: keep people informed of the
progress of the work. Let them feel
that values, of whatsoever nature
they may be, are increasing, and
more and more capital will
be forthcoming. Increase the
courage of the timid in?
vestor in this enterprise by conserva?
tive methods, so far a? they are con?
sonant with real progress. I have
known teachers who have returned
to the "Blue Back Speller" in order
to allay the suspicions of those who
wore beginning to look upon the
whole system as approaching danger?
ously near the verge of speculation
that is to say the traditionally fruit?
less search for the "royal road."
Teach people that "patience "which
worketh hope" that they may wait
without complaining the coming of
bettor clays when they may see their
present sacrifices springing- up into
multiplied gocd. Let them see the
child developing into a man over
whom society will not have spread
her wings as over a weakling, nor
will she have to exercise her police
power for the prevention of wrong
doing. Show them the increased
producing power <>f society when ?
properly equipped and in this way j
satisfy the commercial spirit of the j
age. Let the members of this asso- ?
i
eiation do this, in season and out of j
season, and I believe the people will ?
begin to realize more fully that the j
!a:.'i:-.g but of money upon our schools I
is carrying out the very purpose of i
society r-nd hence the best investment j
that society can make." v
*Mrs; S. L. Towen, of Wayne, W. j
Va., writes: "I was a sufferer from ?
kidney disease, so that at times I j
could net get out of bed, and when I i
did I could net stand straight. ? took '
Foley's Kidney Cure. One .dollar bot- j
tie and patt of the second cured me !
entirely." Foley's Kidney Cure works
wonders where others are total fail?
ures. > . t's Drug Store.
_,_I
CGh....IA Iii-A TO IL iUrlSKx xs.
j Od;-ir bia. April i ll.-The Kev.
i 'naries Marlin Niles has sent in his,
resignation tc his vestry as rector of
Trinity Church, stating that . he did
sb in order to secure peace and har
;.- Ly in tlie church, lie has been
billi riv. opposed for some time by a
faction -in the church, hut it was
thought- the Easier elections decided
the controversy in his favor. The
. stsry meets in a few days to consider
the matter.
?Use Kennedy's Laxative Cough
Syrup. . Children like its pleasant
taste, and mothers give it hearty en?
dorsement. Contains no opiates, but
drives out the cold through the r-~w
els. Made in strict conformity to
Pure Food and Drug Law. Recom?
mended and sold by all druggists.
Four suits aggregating $S,000 were
filed in Greenville Tuesday against
the Western Union Telegraph Com?
pany for delay in the delivery of
telegrams.
Tlie Xew Pure Food and Drug Law.
*We are now pleased to -nnounce
that Foley's Honey and Tar for
coughs, colds and lung troubles is
not affected hy the national pure food
and drug law, as it contains no opi?
ates or other harmful drugs, and we
recommend it as a safe remedy for
children and adults. Sibert's Drug
Store.
Mrs. Mary Baraby, 103 years old,
is spoken of as "the jolliest woman in
Brockton." She is fond of fun, loves
young people, and likes to recall old
corn-husking bees and other good
times of her youth. She has had 20
children, 42 gandchildren and nine
great-grandchildren.-Springfield Re?
publican.
Whooping Cough.
*I have used Chamberlain's Cough
Remedy in my family in cases of
whooping cough, and want to tell you
that it is the best medicine I have ev?
er used.-W. F. Gaston. Pasco, Ga.
This remedy is safe and sure. For
sale by DeLorme's Pharmacy.
It is positively denied that Colum?
bia is going to try and rival the record
made in the South Carolina State
league last year by Manning.-Co?
lumbia Record.
Comforting Words
Many a Sumter Household Will
Find Them So.
To have the pains and sches of a bad
back removed ; to be entirely free from
annoying, dangerous urinary diporders is
enough to make the kidney ?u?ferer grate?
ful. ' To tell how this ^reat change can be
brought about will prove comforting
words to hundreds of Sumter reader?.
F. E. Hood, postmaster, of Blythewood.?.
C.. says : "I am only too id ad to recommend
Dean's Kidney Phis Having'suffered for
two years with kidney tremble, and feeling
conscious that it was rapidly making serious
in reads on my constitution and that I was
speedily becoming unable to attend to my
ordinary business. I resolved after reading a
number of testimonials from those who had
beet; cured by Dean's Kidney Pills te) {rive
them a trial. Ihavebeen greatly benefitted
by them. I mu*.; cheerfully and earnestly
recommend Doan's Kidney Pills to all who
are afflicted with kidney trouble and back?
ache.
Plenty more proof like this from Sumter
people, "('all at Dr. A. J. china's drugstore
and ask what his customers report.
For sale by all dealers. Price 50 cents. Fos
ter-Milburn Co.. Buffalo, N. V., sole agents
for tlie United States.
Remember the name-Doan's-and take no
other. _39_
60 YEARS*
EXPERIENCE
???? -'-ai'
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MUNN & Co.36"T*?* New York
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An Abundance cf Fruit
of highest quality, finely colored and flavored, is the direct result of supply?
ing a complete fertilizer containing from 7 to 12 per cent, of
Th? time bas come to bayfsprinsr, goods,jfe???i
as WINDOW SCREENS and DOORS", GARDEN'
?..OSE, REFRIGERATORS, ICE BOXES, WA?
TER COOLERS, GARDEN TOOLS, &c.
You will find that we carry a full stock of anything in , this
line and wiil be glad to have voa give us. a call before
Ball Bearing Lawn Mowers
We have just received a very large
shipment of LAWN MOWERS in a
great variety of styles, which we think
it will pay you to examine before you
buy elsewhere. We also have a new
line of
U3BER HOSE
of STANDARD QUALITY, built for
DURABILITY, and the prices are right
The Durant Hardware Co.
A Foundation of A Few Dollars
KXAA NI ?J /
",^\S|C^SS5S^i^^'''__ j.-"
W j fa iii fe li ff i
?j m j Sj ||| E j sa ?fe
Has been the starting
point
of many a fortune.
The Way to Accumulate Mcn
e'.y is to
kee? Track of what you spend
You can do this perfectly by
paying through checks on our
bank. That will give you an
aceouut of and receipt for ev?
ery dollar you pay out. Besides
paying by check is a decidedly
more dignified way of doiug
business.
No amount is too small to receive consideration.
The Bani* of Sumter,
THE SAVJE AND PROGRESSIVE BANK.
IS THE PEOPLE'S BANK:
Does a General Banking Business, allowing interest 4 per cent, per annucc?
compounded quarterly in its Savings Department. Centrally located and con?
servative! v managed. We invite vour patronage.
C. G. ROWLAND, President. ' R. F. HAYNSWORTH, Vice President.
R. L. EDMUNDS. Cashier.
ention. Farmers
We make a specialty of insuring
COTTON GINS, (system and old
stvle,) COTTON at gins and COT?
TON ON PLANTATIONS. See us
for rates, before insuring.
Ita Siter ?tan kw, Ifni
No. 10 N. Main Street, Sumter, S. C.