The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, July 27, 1904, Image 3

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BOY WARTED. The Political Destiny of Russia ? Mow Hinges on the Birth of an Heir to The Czar. St petersburg, July 23.-All Kassia is anxiously awaiting news from the Peterhof? where the stork is expected to alight within the next few Hays. People outside of this country cannot comprehend the eagerness of the Rus? sians for an heir to the throne. The birth of another child to the Czar and Czarina will have a deep political . significance that cannot fail to have a direct bearing upon Russia's future policy. If a son is born, he will in course ~of time become Emperor of Russia, and will be reared nnd.er the political influence of the present Czar, ^ ?hus pranticallv insn ri us a continua I tiou of th? policy of Nicholas II. If the expected heir proves to he a fe daughter the position of Nicholas II, ^ which is already weake:ied by the course of events in Manchuria, will be rendered precarious. While the gov? ernment of Russia is an absolute here? ditary monarehv, and * bile the will of the Czar is law, yet he cannot trans? fer ?is throne to his daughter. There are certain rules of government which the sovereigns of the present reigning i, house have acknowledged to be bind? ing. One of these is the law of suc? cession to the throne, which, accord nig to a decree of the Emperor Paul, of the year 1797,. is that of regular descent, by right of primogeniture, with preference of male heirs. Under * this inexorable rule none of the Czar's four children will ever occupy his throne, for they are all daughters. The eldest daughter of the Czar is Olga, * born Nov. 15, 1895. His second child was Tatiana, boru in June ll, 189? ; his third was Marie,, born June 26, 1899, and the fourth was Anastasia, ? born June 18, 190L One powerful reason for wishing a sou born to the Czar is to have a peaceful succession. If Nicholas II, % should die before a son is bom to him, bis successor would be his brother, the Grand, Duke Michael, born in 1878. But Michael is regarded as an invalid, and it is feared that if Nicho? las passes away without au heir the empire may be rent by strife between his four uncles for the throne. Since the outbreak of hostilities with Japan the rivalries of the re? actionary element and its opponents have kept thugs in a constant turmoil. This situation, almost intolerable as it is to the Czar, exists only because he bas no male heir. The reactionary party in his cabinet are able to flaunt his misfortune in his face, because it is well known that in the event of bis death the crown will pass to his broth? er Michael, who is directly under the influence of the Dowager Empress. She is- ? woman in the prime of life, born to command, and one of the most bitter opponents of the liberal ideas of her son, the present Czar. Consequently all the hopes of Nicho last center in the event about to take place at the Peterhof, which he prays fervently will add a son of his house? hold and give to Russia a direct their to the-throne. Should a son be born the Dowager Empress7 power would be reduced to nothing in a moment. The Czar will then be a Czar in fact as in name, and the ministers who now openly defy him, oppose his will, and refuse to execute his policy, will be brought to his feet. The birth of another daughter, however, will bring him only the keenest disappoint? ment and make his situation so un? bearable that his abdication of the throne would be no surprise. TEXTILE STRIKE IS ON. I Fall River, Mass., July 24.-With . hope of a peaceful settlement aban? doned, both sides in the pending in? dustrial trouble here await with dog - ged determination the coming of to? morrow and the first test of strength betweeen a little group of manufactur? ers representing combined capital of 325,000,000 on one side and more than . 25,000 cotton mill operatives on the other. The mill gates will be opened at the usual time tomorrow morning and the operativse will be gvien an op porunity to go to Work under a wage redaction of i2^> per cent. If an in? sufficient number respond, the mills will be closed for an indefinite period. The strike leaders were of opinion tonight that there would not be enough operatives appyling for work througnout the entire city to run even one mill, to say nothing of the-80 or more that are affected by the sxike order. The manufacturers claim that the 2,000 union men who voted to strike do not represent the great body of the cotton1 mill employes. They give the total number of operatives on their pay roll as 23,680. This of course does not include the employes at the independent mills of C. D. Borden, which are ?not involved. The talk on the streets, however, indicates that the feeling against the manufacturers is quite bitter ramong the non-union operatives as it is among those who are affiliated with the labor organizations. Fall River, Joly 25.-The cotton mills of this city are idle today. Thir? ty thousand of th* operatives struck today, as expected, the union having ordered them out on a strike in conse? quence of the determination of the mill officials to make a reduction ot 12? ptjr cent in wages. A long and bitter fight is certain before eittu r side will surrender. The Recorder's Court was largely attended Monday morning and the sen? tences imposed aggregated 855 or 110 days on the chain gang. The offenders were Theodore McFaddin, crank ano disorderly, $13 or 26 days: John Bethea, carrying concealed weapons and refasal to pay street tax, SS or 16 days; Eli Davis, flighting and disorder? ly conduct, S3 or 6 days; Rosa Rivers and Carrie Mitchell fighting, ?5 or 10 days each ; Andrew Buddin and Mincey Bnddin, fighting and discharg? ing firearms-Andrew $5 or 10 days, Mincey 810 or 20 days; Bill Dobson, plowing up sidewalk, SI and repair sidewalk. Recorder Hurst being absent from the city Alderman rTaynswurtn presic ed and the big d?< ket w*s quickly i cleared and all business promptly di.' - ! posed of. i BERUH TO 0EM0CR4?S. Tha Ex-presluenfs Satisfaction With the Candidate and his Gold Telegram. From Collier's for July 23, Copy? right, 1931, Collier's .?eekly. j If sometimes daring the past week those most earnestly and prayerfully solicitous for the complete restoration of the Democratic party to heatlh and sanitry have felt depressed by certain Conveniou incidents relating to the money qnestion, it is certainly now time ior them anci for all who love true Democracy calmly to survey the situa? tion as it appears since the dust and swelter cf Convention controversy have passed away. Such a survey is full of congratula? tion and Jbope. In the first place, it creates the assurance that the national Democracy as an organization has been freed from the financial delusions that have made it weak and has enter? ed upon a period cf old time vigor aud strength. This is too apparent for denial. No action of Democracy's re? presentatives assembled in the late Convention can be construed in any way than as au acknowledgment of the establishment of the gola satndard and a willing pledge to its mainten? ance. This condition should of itself be sufficient to so fill our msasare of satisfaction as to cause us to forget any fears or trepidation that may have vexed us during the days jost past. I do not overlook the fact that two clear and unimpeached verdicts of the people standjrecorded in favor cf the gold standard, and that its perpetuity has been secured by Federal enact? ment, bat I insist that, in refusing to indulge in any further free silver or double standard vagaries, the ^con? vention did not, on account of existing conditions, merely make a virtue of necessity, but that it voiced, instead, an actual and wholesome change in sentiment among the rank and file of Democracy. Herein is found abun? dantly sufficent cause iSr gratitude and congratulation on the part of those who love true Democracy. I want to go further than this, and to express a reverent belief that certain Convection occurrences, apparently untoward, have worked together for Democracy's good, and that a happy outcome has been reached through a leading wiser and more certain than the wit of man could have devised. Senator Tillman and I have occasion? ally differed, but I hope he will take no offence if I applaud and give hear? ty concurrence to his expression of the belief that "Providence has taken kindly Hold on our affairs." Of course, it would have been a mat? ter of great satisfaction to those of us who have always been unyielding and insistent gold standard Democrats if we could have had a declaration in the platform committing our party in dis? tinct terms to the acceptance and con? stant defence and maintenance of the gold standard-not because of an un? expected increase in gold production, but on grounds of economic wisdom and national honor. As protestations of affection never fatigue, so those who supremely love a safe standard for our : people's money cannot hear too often that the gold standard is immutably fixed. Nevertheless, as an original pro? position, such ? platform assurance was not necessary either on sentimen? tal grounds or to make gold standard conditions more certain. They were as unchangeably settled as they could be-with or without platform declara? tion. It must ba confessed, however, that forbidding portents were seen in the Democratic sky when a platform de? liverance intended to pass as a recog? nition and approval ot the gold stan? dard was rejected after discussion in the platform committees, leaving no substituted expression of any kind in i its place, and when, there upon, a platform containing reference to the gokr~istandard was approved by the Convention. The trepidation and disappointment which immediately supervened among the masses cf the expectant Democracy did not arise from the mere absence of any statement concerning the gold standard, but it represented a perfect and perhaps instinctive realization of the confusion and misapprehension caused among themselves and the im? mense advantage given to their politi? cal enemies by proposing, in a fash? ion, to declare for the gold standard and after discussion refusing to do so. At this critical moment the sun ap? peared and scattered every evil por? tent. In his time of fear and gloom i> leader came to the Democratic hosts. A quiet, able, reserved man had been selected as the Democracy's candidate I for the Preidency. His sterling and constant adherence to party had been so fully avouched that it was nearly supposed that no ac? tion of the organization would provoke his protest. And now, while the Democratic rank and file trembled and waited, the voice of this quiet, reserved and able man rang out above ail Convention clamor, drown? ing the roi&terous hum of Convention diplomacy. In tones cf authority and leadership the message went forth : "I regard the gold standard as firm? ly and irrevocably established, and >naU act accordingly if the action of he Convention today shall be ratified by the people. As the platform is silent ou the subject, my view should be made known to the Convention : and if it is proved lo be unsatisfactory to the majority, 1 reque>t yon to de? cline the nomination ior me at once, so that another rnav be nominated. "A. H. Parker." Those Democrats who have been im patieut.of tiie silence ot their party's candidate ought to be satisfied with the effectiveness of his first utterance. It filled the blank in a disabled plat form, it gave leadership to the Demo? cratic cause and rallied supporters by thousands and tens of tho?.sands to the Democratic standar !. -To tbe^e must be added another wonderful accom? plishment to which ?his utterance gave opportunity. When in respose to the message of its chosen candidate the convention proposed to give him as? surance that the sentiments of the Convention and the meaning of its platform were in accord with Iiis ex? presi?n, and in efforts to make his message a part o? the platform, a vote on the passage cf a resolution embody? ing these propositions disclosed the la*, c that out of a total vote of 965 only 191 coulu be counted in tK3 nega? tive. This vote furnisned tae best, if not the only, opportunity offered dur? ing the continuance of the Convention to demonstrate how overwhelmingly sonnd its members were in support of the gold standard ; and its result cannot, I gratefully believe, be other? wise construed than as indicating the elimination of financial error as a dis tnrbing influence in Democratic coun? cils. The national Democracy enters upon the campaign, not in gloom and fear, but in hope and confidence. 1 believe that no man ever did so much for the cause, and in so many directions in so short a time and in so compact a form, as was done by our candidate when he sent his message to the St. Louis Convention. He has reminded all who profess Democratic principles that they also have work to do if they, like him, would do the pa? triotic political duty the time de? mands. Let the Democratic lines be steadied at every point and let our splendid leadership be followed with genuine Democratic zeal and stubbornness. Grover Cleveland. TBE FfBST GOtOMY. 30,000 Acres in Horry County to be Used-About a Thousand Scandinavian Families Coming and Do Truck Farming. Arrangements have been made for bringing ' into the state the first colony of immigrants under the state department of agriculture by Commis? sioner Watson: Mr. Watson has just re? turned from a visit to Horry county und while there went over a tract of i30,C00 acres of the most desirable land :.n the State. The land was person? ally inspected by him, and as a result :;here will be in a few weeks a colony of about a thousand families of Scan? dinavians settled there as soon as the final arrangements are closed up. While there Mr. Watson visited the ;3omewood colony which has been much a conspicuous success, and on the plan followed by this settlement the new colony will be conducted. The settlement will be devoted to truck farming principally and all kinds of truck for the northern markets can be raised on the land and shipped. At Chadbnrn, a short distance over .;be North Carolina line, arrangements have been made with the Armours for ti refrigerating plant and the cars will he stocked with ice there and shipped clear through to Boston without diffi? culty. The Scandinavians are a most desir? able class of people and; are excellent iarmers, generally building up pros? perous homes with their savings in a few years, and it is stated that this i s but the beginning of a number of other colonies of which announcement ?viii be made later.-Colnmbia Re? cord. A Substitute for Coffee and Tea. Consul Ayme writes from Para, Brazil, that yerba mate is a tea',prepared jlrom the roasted and pulverized leaves of the Hex paraguagensis, an ever green forest tree found in southern Bra? zil and the neighboring region. The "eaves are found in the forest, either on isolated trees of considerable lofti? ness or, more rareiy, on tree in small groves. Isolated specimens have been grown, and the plant can no doubt be cultivated under proper conditions. lt is not necessary to cultivate it in Brazil, as enough is found wild. In Brazil itAa found plentifully in JParana, Santa Catharina and Matto Grosso, and to a limited extent in Rio Grande. It is also found abundantly in Paraguay. It grows on the higher lands, usually from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above sea level and in rich alluvial or loamy leaf soils. In attemps at cul? tivation it is said the greatest difficul? ty is found in securing germination of the seed. It is popularly believed that the seeds will germinate only when the fruit has been eaten by birds, the hard seeds being excreted ES though they underwent some chemi? cal or other change in the bird's in? testines. Yerba mate is largely consumed in Paraguay and in the Brazilian states, where it is made. It is very exten? sively consumed in Argentina, in Uru? guay, and to a less extent- in Chili. There is a small consumption in other states of Brazil, a. very small quanti? ty is exported to Europe, and still less to the United States and Canada. Estimated exports may reach 45,000 to 57,0.'0 tons annually, thus: From Parana (principally to the River Plate). 25,000 tons: from Santa Cath? arina, 5,000 to 6,000 tons; from Matto C'-rosso, 5,000 to 6,000 tons; from Paraguay, 10,000 tons. The harvesting and preparation of yorba mate isas follows: The long outer brandies cf the tree are cut off, and these branches are passed rapidly thrugh the flames of a great fire. This passing through the flame wilts and toughens the leaves. A rack or lcose platform of interlaced branches, about two feet high, is constructed. Under this a slow fire is kept burn? ing and upon it are spread the wilted branches of mate, tied up, sometimes in small bundles. The smoking and drying of the leaves to bring oat tbe full aroma requires considerable skill. When the leaves are perfectly dry they aie Cleaned from stick and dust and beaten or ground into powder. The coarseness or fineness of this powder varies in the different markets. The manufacture is carried on in factories established in the towns: thus there are somes dozen factories in Corytiba, in the'state of Parana. Yerba mate has a peculiar bitter, smoky taste, which is usually consid? ered unpleasant, and this has largely operated to prevent its more extensive use as a beverage. This smoky bitter? ness is chiefly due to the rude method employed for drying the leaves, and it seems likely that improved methods of drying the mate on iron or copper pans would give a much more delicate and agreeable product. Mate is said to have all of the best qualities of coi?ee and tea a3 a stimulating health beverage, without the ^disadvantages of either. It is a more gentle stimu? lant than either and is said to be much used in the hospitals of Paris. The tree could probably be gro.>n in southern California, perhaps in south ren Texas, certainly in manj parts of th?; Philippines. --Maa?- - ~ Work has been commenced on a big warehouse for the Sumter Banking & Mercantile Co. It is to be situated ntfir Geo. D. Shore vt Bros.' ware hons', adjacent to the A. C. L. tr&c?s. ENOL?ND ENR?OED IO. Sinking of Knight Commander De dared ?n Outrage. British Ship-Owners Up in Arms Over the Dangers to which Their Shipping is New Subjected. The British Government is Taking Ener? getic Action to Obtain Redress-Neu? tra! Ships Must not be Destroy? ed. London, Joly 26.-The British Gov? ernment is taking energetic action in the case of the sinking of the British steamer Knight Commander by the Vladivostok squadron. Information re? ceived by the Government tends to es? tablish in the official mind a belief that an outrage has been committed for which no excuse exists in internation? al law. Those aware of the feelings of the ministry said tonight that all the members of the Cabinet are in accord regarding the principle of the inviolability of innocent neutral ship? ping, as well as upon the principle that a neutral ship cannot be destroyed, even if carrying contraband of war. The demands which will be made upon the Russian Government will include compensation to the owners of the ship and to the owners of the goods on board the Knight Command? er, an apology for the action of the Russian cruisers, and an agreement that instructions be given which will prevent a repetition of such action. British ship owners are up in arms over the dangers which shipping is now running, and are bombarding the Government with representations look? ing tc the thorough'protection of their interests. KUROPATKIN EXPLAINS HIS RETREAT. St. Petersburg, July 27.-2.C5 a. m. -Gen. Kuropatkin's telegram record? ing the withdrawal of the Southern army from Ta Tche Kiao to'Hai Cheng, in a special supplement of the Official Messenger, fails to give de? tails of the continuous rear guard ac? tion preceding the retreat, but the war office thinks the losses were sev? eral hundred, which would indicate pretty severe fighting. The preceding determined attack on Tantchi, ten miles southeast of Ta Tche Kiao, probably rendered the evacuation of the latter place impera? tive. In anticipation of a retirement from Ta Tche Kiao orders were sent July 25 to the Russian garrison at Yin Kow to withdraw. Although military men do not seem to be alarmed at the situation, point? ing out that tho withdrawal of the Southern army from Ta Tche Kiao tends to concentrate Kropatkin's forces, thus giving him a smaller front to defend, considerable nervous? ness is manifested here by those not in the secrets of the Russian com? mander-in-chief, especially as Gen. Kuropatkin points out the danger threatening his line of communica? tions to the north, owing to the devel? opment of the Japanese advance from Samatsze toward Mukden. Gen. Kuropatkin's dispatch, after describing the preliminary operations, including the capture of Phkan Pass by the Japanese after a severe fight, says of the operations about Ta Tche Kiao : 4'On July 24 the enemy resumed ac? tivity on the south front and a fight began on the left flank, with a fusil? lade from the outposts, near Tantchi. For the next twelve hours the enemy maintained a heavy and uninterrupted artillery fire. This artillery duel went in our favor, the Japanese batteries operating against the villages of Tiantziatung and Santzatsze being re? duced to silence by 4 p. m. "Simultaneously with the artilllery cannonade the enemy made a vigor?os attack in the direction of Dafang cheng, with the object of breaking up the centre of our position. Our troops repelled all attacks and we retained all our positions. The battle ended at 9.30 in tbo evening. ''Details of the fighting and of the extent of our losses are not yet availa? ble. "The commander of our troops, who had sustained the enemy's attacks for two days and repelled them all, after giving his men some rest, began to retire to the north, without being molested by the enemy." THE JAP FLAG IN NEW CHWNG. New Cowang, July 2G.-Japanese scouts have already passed through hero, and the troops are expected mo? mentarily. The Russian inhabitants of New Cb wang have left. Japanese Hags are Hying all over the city. The Northwestern Railroad has re- j ceived within the past few days a car j load of machinery for the equipment of the repair shops. h ^_ TAGGART THE CHOICE FOR CHAIRMAN. Chief Interest Centers in Election of Minor Officers-Committee to Visit Parker. New York, July 25.-A very deter? mined effort was made tonight to make Senator Gorman chairman of the Democratic national committee. After several conferences among dem? ocratic leaders former Senator Jones and Wm. F. Sheehan called on Sena? tor Gorman at his room and urged him to reconsider his determination not to accept the chairmanship. The Maryland senator remained finn and suggested that Mr. Sheehan take the place if it was necessary to have an eastern man for the position. Mr. Sheehan stated to Mr. Gorman and others to whom the suggestion was communicated that it was impossible for him to take the place. The impression prevails among the strongest supporters of Mr. Taggart that notwithstanding the efforts made tonight, he will be elected. The committee will pay its respects to the Democratic candidate Wednes? day. Arrangements have been made by Norman E. Mack, member of the committee for New York, and Cord Meyer, chairman of the New York Democratic State committee for the national organization to leave New York at 11.30 a. m., and go dircet to Esopus, where each member will be presented to Judge Parker. Some members have never seen their candi? date. The members of the committee who arrived today have confirmed the opin? ion that Thomas Taggart will be elect? ed charman. Both Wm. F. Sheehan and Norman E. Mack, who know as much as anybody Judge Parker's posi? tion on this matter, say that Taggart will'be chosen. The outlook sow is that Taggart will be the unanimous choice of the committee. The settlement of the. chairmanship has made the contest for the minor positions more prominent. There has been considerable talk about tho selec? tion of the secretary, the candidate being C. A. Walsh of Iowa, the for? mer secretary; Urey Woodson of Ken? tucky and Ed'win Sefton of the Dis? trict of Columbia. Members of the committee tonight expressed the opinion that Woodson will be chosen. It seems to be generally understood that August Belmont is to be elected treasurer of the committee. J= n agreement was practically reach? ed tonight for the formation of an ex? ecutive committee of eleven members, of which Mr. Taggart will be ex-offi cio chairman, and a campaign commt tee of seven of which William F. Shee? han will be chairman. This arrange? ment meets with favor among those eastern Democrats who wanted Sena? tor Gorman for chairman of the com? mittee. DAILY MARKET REPORT. Special bv Ware & Leland's Private Wire. New York, July 26.- In a most infor? mal way we seem to have offended some good people in the south by the suggestion that any crop damage might not come to light readily this year. It's an old saying that where a man's treasure lies, there his heart is. Now it's generally known a vast amount of cotton has been sold for fall delivery. Vast because the crop promises the best in years. Now it is impossible to prevent a man from coloring his news to fit his interest on the market. We know of no exception to this statement. It is contrary to human nature not to be biased. Therefore if any damage takes place we won't hear of it first from cotton men in the south. Now the weekly report today says bell weevil is orve in two parishes in Louisiana. Why hasn't that news come out before? There is no doubt but that the cop is doing fabulously well. But we cannot help feeling that some are overdoing the good crop reports, they are by comparison with two or three very bad years. There is the holl weevil yet to be reckoned . with. The whole month of August vicisitudes have to be.entered and there is after ali that the question of frost which would rea-dily mean 750,000 bales to one million bales of cotton there is every indication to meet this short side. C. W. Lee & Co. NEW YORK COTTON. Open High Low Close. July 10 lo 10 24 10 15 10 20 Aug. 10 15 10 22 10 06 10 10 Sept. 9 SO 9 84 9 77 9 S3 Oct. 9 61 9 65 9 56 9 62 Nov. 9 57 9 57 9 57 9 56 Dec. 9 58 9 61 9 53 9 5S Jan. 9 61 9 63 9 56 9 61 Feb. 9 62 March 9 65 CHICAGO MARKETS. Opening. Closing. W?TEAT Dec, S6 5- 87 5 Sept., S7 3- 88 4 CORN Dec, 45 5- 45 7 Sept, 49 2- 49 5 OATS Sept., 33 - 33 2 Dec, 33 3 33 5 PORK Sept, 12.70 12.S2 Oct., 12.70 32.S2 LARD Sept. 6.82 6.90 Oct., 6.90 6.97 RIBS Sep., 7.42 7.47 Oct., 7.45 7.52 The Minor Store received a solid carload of shoes Monday and the line of wagons that was required to haul them up from the depot attracted a great deal of attenticn as it passed through the streets. The handsome residence on the cor? ner of Main and Caldwell streets, nov/ occupied by the Elks club has been sold by the R. P. Monaghan estate to the Elk?, the consideration being 810,000. The house was erected by the late R. P. Monaghan about twelve years ago ar.d is said to have cost about 814,000. The Elks are considered to have secured a bargain and now have as a permanent home as handsome " and commodious club . rooms as are to be found in the State --*--?M'IH ?IUI----. FROM SOUTHPORT TO SUMTER. Extension of the Conway Seashore Railroad Attracting Attention in Both Carolinas Wilmington, N. C., July 24.- The Conway Seashore Railroad, running from Conway to Myrtle Beach, has ap? plied to the State of South Carolina for a change of charter. In certain circles this is considered important, and developments are expeced at an early date. The company is a pri? vate corporation and the principal owners are local capitalists. It is understood to be the plan of the promoters to extend the road ta Southport on the east and Sumter, S. C., on the west. A glance at the map shows that a perfectly straight line from Conway to Sumter crosses the Atlantic Coast Line between Cow? ard's and Scranton. From Southport to Sumter is about a hundred and fifty miles. The proposed line would open a large section which is entirely with? out railroad advantages and which has been proven to be admirably adapted to truck growing. It is also a splen? did country with its forests in almost their virgin condition. - It is also un? derstood to be the purpose cf the pro? moters to settle many colonies of im? migrants along the territory covered by the road. The entire section of? fers many peculiar advantages which could quickly be developed by a rail? road. TBE NEW mm Interesting Facts Regarding New Uruguay Potato in France. Report of United States Consul Haynes, Rouen, Francee. The recent report from this office concerning Solanum Conimersonii, the Uruguay potato (Dairy Consular Reports No 1,9257, March 19, 1904.) has brought so many inquiries from all over the United States that 1 submit herewith further informatica : This wild aquatic vegetable was in? troduced from|the banks of the river Mercedes, Uruguay, and distributed in France by Professor Heckel, director of the Colonial Institute of Marsailles^ In its original state the tuber is very bitter, but Dr. Eeckel pronouces the results of four years of experiments marvelous. The leaves are small and slender, somewhat like those of the Irish pota? to, and the flowers are abundant, of a pale violet color, and very odorous, the perfume resembling that of jasmine. New stems and tubercles branch off in every direction all the year, and after one planting the plant perpetuates itself from the broken roots left in the soil. The vegetable proper (that is, the tubercle) weighs from one to two and one-half pounds, and has a yellowish, wrinkled skin, covered with lenticels, whicn disappear after culture. The pulp when ccoked has a slightly green? ish color. Of twenty-five taken by? hazard and ccoked with their skins om in 1901, all were very bitter : but of. twenty-five thus taken in 1903 only eight were very bitter, seven bitter, five eatable, three good and two fari? naceous. By peeling, the number of bitter and very bitter ones were dimin? ished by 10 to 20 per cert, while the number of good and eatable ones were increased accordingly. The roughness ? of the skin and the number and size* of the lenticels are usually in propor? tion to the acridness of the tubercles. In spite of their biter taste, animals are fon of them, especially when cooked. In 1903, upon a farm that cultivated the Solanum Commersonii, the sever? est cryptcgamic maladies known made their appearance, yet 98 per cent, of the tubercles of this new po? tato were found intact, while of the Early Rose potato only 15 per cent were good. Planting is done toward the end off March, preferably in level ground,, so as to diminish drainage. The best depth seems to be about three inches. The digging, which ia a little more difficult than that of tho Irii-h potato, because the numerous tubercles extend in every direction, begins when cold has arrested the growth cf the plant.. In the same soil the yield is greatly superior to that cf the ordinary po? tato. The Early Rose in one instance gave 3,000 pounds to the acre, t?v? American Marvel o,0C0 pennis and the Solanum Commersonii 8.500 r.cuncs. This new vegetable does not seem to become acclimated until the second year. The size, appearance and taste are modifield more rapidly after one year. The new potato lequires humid, fresh, even marshy soil. In riiy, sandy, clayey soil the yield has been 25 per cent less than in moist soil. The absence of sunlight causes a smaller yield, with smaller and inferior tub? ercles, and ton to fifteen days later ripening. The foliage, refused by rabbits, is eaten by horses, cattle and sheep. The Howers, which make their ap? pearance abcut a month after tho plant shov>s above the soil, continue to be very abundant until the harvest. A rude attempt to extract the perfume has furnished an exquisite, aromatic,, very persistent- but faint ja? :".na odor. "In the fruit this perfume is so strong that when specimens were placed in an artificially heated room to dry, the room was uninhabitable for the fifteen da\s they were there. There are three arieties of Solanum Commersonii, charactered by the color of the skin-the yellow, the rose and thy violet. The last, which is the best for human consumption, presents the following characteristics: Enor? mous and uninterrupted production absolute immunity from cryptogamic maladies, delicious flavor (much ap? preciated by aninals, ) adaptability to moist soil, and easy cultr.re. Billy Floyd, a white man 22 years old, whose home is in Darlington, was last week sentenced by Recorder Hurst to the chain gang for thirty days for vagrancy. He associates entirely with negroes and has been supported by some of his associates, who seem to think his company sufficient compensa? tion for his board. He seems to be a thorough degenerate without pride of race or ambition to better his condi? tion. He has been loafing around this city for about a year and when he gets to work on the chain gang he will perform the first day labor since his. arrival.