Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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fas SUMTES WATCHMAN, Established April, IS 50? *4Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established Jone, IS* 6 Cosolidated Aug. 2,1881 SUMTER. S. G.. WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 2, 1903. New Series-Vol. XXIII. So. 5 The World's ?realest and Best. T. B. Jenkins, Jr., MASCXNT?O TEMPLE - - SUMTER, S. C. .' ?_,_' i_'_ Wit Wisttfcaan .aub Srat?^nra. Pablfahe? Sfcerr Wednesday, -BT Gt. Osteen, SUMTER, S. C. TSR?S : $1 60 per annum-ia advance. ?971STI3IIBKT! due Square first insertk>a.........~.......$l 00 Svery subsequent insertion -. 50 Contracts for three months, or longer viii De made at reduced rates. AU communications which subserve private Isterests will be charged for as ad vert iemer, t3. Obituaries and tributes of respects will be charged for. BISE m senos MIMI kit Mer's Sharp Reply fe Sssreiary Wsisss. Hes Who've Made the Bali Mar? ket Mst Gamblers-Tfce Plan? ters Benefited. A Fame is Cotton fioet?s Threatens . Fiffeea Cents a Fair Price For ?be Staple. - (From the New York SUB, Aug. 2?.) Gen. M. C. Butler, for a number o . years United Stages Senator from South Carolina, awi a ma^or geenral buring the Spanish-American war, by appointment of President McKinley, is at the Waldorf-Astoria and will be in the city for severa! days. He goes from here to Newport on the invita? tion of his cousin, Perry Belmont. Gen. Butler has been engaged in cotton planting ever sisee he came of age and has owned bis plantations for thirty years. Siaee his retirement from the United States Senate he has devoted particular attention to the subject of cotton growing and is regard? ed as eoe of the mest progressive and best informed men in the South re? garding cotton. A reporter asked Gen. Butler yes? terday if he bad seen a statement from Secretary Wilson, of the agricultural department, concerning the advance in the price of cotton and -containing some severe strictures upon the men who lately have been operating in the cotton market The Secretary of Agriculture did not hesitate to char? acterize them as gamblers, and to serereiy/criticise them as such. "Yes, ? have seen what was said to have been the expression of opinion of Sserteary Wilson," said Gen. Butler, ' 'and 1 must think that he ppoke with? out correct information. Indeed I am bound to say that he seemed not to know what he was talking about. The gentlemen to whom he refers as gamblers, Messrs. Brown, and H ay ne, are not only among the most reputable business men of the country, but are gentlemen of the highest character. One of them, Mr. Hayne, is from my own State, and I think he will stand fair comparison, as will Mr. Brown, from Mississippi, with Secretary Wil? sen or anybody in official or business life. I must I say I was surprised at what appeared to me to be a very reckless charge, one which was not justified by the facts. "The fact is that Messrs. Brown and Hayne have done more for the prodncers of cotton, the farmers, in a few months, than the department of agrienIture has done in ten years. I was somewhat surprised at Secretary Wilson, for he did not appear to get into a frenzy of indignation when cer? tain other gentlemen in the West were makings comer on wheat and corr, which enhanced the value of these two commodities, and from which tte farmers got the benefit. "The Secretary seems to be parti? cularly concerned about the operators and the cotton mills ; that the cotton mills have had to shut down and pct out of employment large number of em? ployees, and that therefore it's a great wrong upon the cotton mills:. Now in regard to that, Messrs. Brown and Hayne simply bought cotton from the bears in the cotton market and required them to deliver the cotton, and, of course, the price went up. * As a rule the managers of the cot? ton mills all over the country are bears and sympathize with the bear operat? ors. Very naturally, their interest is to lower the price of the raw materia], and they heeded the repr?sent?t!01 made by the bear operators, exagge at-ed the last crop of cotton and f aile to provide themselves with the ra material to keep their mills goin* That is all there is in that" . "Canyon say anything with refe: ence to the profits in mannfactnrirj cotton cloth from the raw cotton?'' "Well, only in a very general wa] A friend of mine who is largely ii terested in the manufacture of cotto in the South, gave me some statistic at one time of the profits from pound of raw cotton converted int tho finished product, and I am toi that in many instances that profit h? been any there from 10 per cent, to IC per cent, which of course, is ver gratifying to me, for I didn't want t see the cotton mills of the North, c: the South, either, crippled in an way. But they have not paid fai prices for cotton in the last ten years and if the law of supply and denian is to cut any figure now s raw cottto ought to be worth 15 cents a pound. "And if, as I understand, the mil! state they cannot manuf acere cotton a the present price and make any ?none; ont of it, the simple remedy for tha istojjbuy the cotton at the ruling prie and put np the price of the mannfac tured goods, for I think we may eafel; expect that we will in. a very fe\ months find a famine ofx cotto: manufactured goods in this country. ' "What is the visible supply of rav cotton on the market, and about hov long would it last"?" "My information, and I think it i pretty accurate, is that the visibl supply of cotton today is about 580, OOO. bales, which would foe about thre> weeks' supply for the cotton mills That is my information1"' "And how long before the. new ero] will begin to come into the market?' "Well, they are picking cotton nov in the extreme South but, as a rule colton ought to be rushed in Octobe or November, and them, of course the mills can buy what cotton the; want. And I think I -ought to b< correct that we are now having th greatest cotton famine m this countr since the civil war. I want to repea that cotton should be selling today fo: 15 cents a pound, if tlhe rule of suppl; and demand is to cut any figure. ' ' * "What is your information as to th< number of bales of cotton in the las crop?" "Well, I understand the bears sen circulars all over this country an( Europe representing that the ero] would be 11,500,000 faales, or there abouts, whereas, if I asi correctly in formed, it was only about 10,250, OCX bales, and if the cotton factorie; were better informed they would hav< laid in a supply to keep theirfactoriei in operation." "In other words, Messrs. Browi and Hayne had better inf otnation as t< the actual crop than the mannfac turers of cotton?" . "Unquestionably.'1 "And they took advantage of this?' "They simply took advantage.of i 1 and acted upon it, and they requirec the bears to deliver the cotton thal they bought, and that ie all there is ir it." "Secretary Wilson takes an alarmist view of the foreign competition ir the growing of cotton, referring tc the possible increase of the cotton area in Egypt after the completion of the Nile dam." "The German, the English the French and the Russian Government have for years been trying to find a locality suitable for th? production ol cotton, and so far they do not seem to have made much progress. Ten ox twelve yers ago-perhaps longer than that-the Russian Government em? ployed a very intelligent young cotton j planter in my State, and sent him into i Central Asia, with a view to develop J iug the cotton growing in that coun? try, but my information is that it was a failure, and I am inclined to think that Mr. John C. Calhoun was right wiien he said that cotton, to be successfully grown in any country, must have frost. ' ' I "In view of the increasing world j demand for cotton, do you think that we in this country have any cause to fear foreign competition?" "Not the slightest. On the con? trary, I think we will go on increas? ing the crop. The demand is increas? ing every year. The enormous in? crease of cotton factories in the South is absorbing a great deal of the crop made in that section, and it's going to continue, for those cotton mills wherever properly managed, have made enormous profits. That is one of the reasons why it was so important for the cotton planters of the South to have what they call an open door in China, and this is going to be one of the principal markets for manufac? tured cotton goods in the South. "And I want to say in that con? nection that this country, particular ly the Southern part of it, is greatly indebted to Mr. Secretatry Hay, of the State department, for his able, firm and distinguished conduct in dealing with that question of the open door, j and if he is sustained in that attitude I do not think that the cotton manu? facturers in this country have any? thing to fear." "What is your opinion, General, as co the outlook of the present cotton crop?" "My manager, on my plantation, writes me that the crop is about three weeks late, but at present is doing well. However, it is unsafe to form any opinion about the cotton crop un? til after September 20. The crucial period in. a cotton crop is from about August 20 to Septem' er 20. . "Then, what do you make out of Secretary Wilson's statements?" "Well, summarized briefly, I should say that they amounted to an unwarranted, and, it seems to me, rather wanton characterization of re? putable business men, doing business in a legitimate and honorable way, as common gamblers. That, and a number of boggeys, apparently the emanation of Secretary Wilson's rather vast lack of information on what he was talking about, seem to me about all his pronunciamento comes to. Washington, Aug. 26.-The con? troversy between Secretary of Agri? culture Wilson and former Senator M. C. Butler of South Carolina, as to whether the cotton planters of the South will be benefited by the high prices of cotton forced by the present corner in that commodity, suggests the question as to whether the ultimate result of the present corneT may not be disadvantageous to the American cotton planters, regardless of whether they receive higher ' prices for this year's cotton. Secretary Wilson in his interview, called attention to the efforts being made by European Governments and by cotton manufacturers in England and on the Continent to encourage the growing of cotton outside of the United States. It has 'been apparent for some months past to readers of trade papers and of consular reports that this movement for the develop? ment of cotton production in other countries has been accelerated by the operations of the bui'l clique in the American market to" a greater extent even than would be indicated by Secretary Wilson's interview. It would seem that the Secretary had under? estimated, rather than over-estimated, the extent of this movement. For some months past consular reports from Europe and from almost every country in the world where it is practicable to to grow cotton have contained evidences of this general effort to increase the cotton producing area of the world and to relieve manu? facturers of their present dependence upon the United States. Reports from the Latin-American countries indicate a growing interest in the cultivation of cotton, ail the way from the Rio Grande River dowe to Paraguay and Uruguay; and in India, other parts of Asia and in Africa the areas devoted to cotton growing are being steadily increased. The completion of the great irrigation work in the Nile Valley will be followed by a great increase in the area devoted to cotton production in Egypt, and. every European Power having colonial possessions in Africa is interesting itself in experiments looking to the establishment of the j cotton growing: industry in its colonies I This movement was already under way before the development of the present corner in the American market, but there are evidences that it lias been greatly accelerated by the operations of the bull clique. The high price of cotton lias led to the work of the European colonial offi? cers being heartily seconded by the manufacturing interests of their coun? tries. Cotton growers' associations have been formed in Great Britain, France and Germany for developing new fields of cotton production, and an illustration of what they are ac complishing was afforded by a meet? ing of the British association in Liverpool last week, at which it was reported that in West Africa there are already 30,000 acres of land under cot? ton and encouraging reports were made as to the future possibilities in that region, with land costing practically nothing, with labor at from nine pence to a shilling a day and with free trans? portation of cotton freight on ' the colonial railways and on the steamship lines, which has been granted for the purpose of encouraging the industry. The attention that has been given by United States consuls to this move? ment for the emancipation of European cotton manufacturers from the Ameri? can market is remarkable, in view of the fact that no special instructions were sent to them calling for reports on the subject. Consul General Evans, at London, reports on the efforts of the British association to increase the cotton production of the British West Indies and cf the British colonies in Africa. Consul Marshall Halstead, at Birmingham, forwards information covering the same ground and Consul Estes, at Antigua, sends a report on the encouragement of cotton planting in the British West Indies Consul General Hughes, at Coburg, and Consul Haynes, at Rouen, send reports on the efforts of European countries, especially France, to develop cotton production in their colonies. The most elaborate report on this sub? ject from France is submitted by Consul Thackara, who gives in great detail an account of the work being done by the Association Cotoniere Coloniale to develop the cultivation of cotton in the French African colonies. No country is going into the encou -ragement of cotton production in its colonies more energetically than Ger? many. Consul Monaghan, at Chemnitz, submitted a report as long as last December calling attention to the progress being made in the German East African colonies, and especially to the good results attributed to the skill of the American planters whom the German Government engaged to go to East Africa to instruct the na? tives in the proper methods of cul? tivating cotton. A recent report from Consul General Hughes, at Coburg, tells of the results obtained in the Kilwa district of German East Africa. He says that cotton received from this district and tested at the Bremen Cot? ton Exchange and by the union of Saxon cotton spinners at Chemnitz showed that it was nearly as good in staple, color, etc., as the highly valued Egyptian product, from seeds of which it was grown. He reports that the Manchester Chamber of Com? merce declares that it is better suited to replace Egyptian cotton than any other quality known. Consul Schu? mann, at Mains, has recently submit? ted a report on cotton culture in the German colonies in which he says that plantations have been established in Togo Meara Kamerun, German Southwest Africa and German East Africa. He also says that a German syndicate contemplates the culture of cotton in Asia Minor. The present cotton corner may be of some benefit to the planters of the Southern States during the present season. It is certain that those who are able to get a part of their crop into the market during the first few weeks of the season will profit by the present high prices. In view, how? ever, of the evident determination of European Gevernments and manufac? turers to stimalate production in other parts of the world, and in view of the great impetus necessarily given to such a movement by the straits through which the European mauufcturers aro now passing, it may well be question? ed whether the ultimate effect of tho corner will not be detrimental to the American planter.-News and Courier. What is "News ?" What is ."news"? Some editors seem to fancy that anything that happens is news. Others go to the opposite extreme and deal wholly in fiction or in essaye. Others think it ts the pro? ceedings of publie bodies of various kinds, reported fully and ia routine fashion. Others hold that it is only what their backers think the people ought to know. Others that it is what? ever has a salacious fiavor. From the standpoint of the jour? nalism known as "yellow,." news is whatever is of concern to the masses of the people in their daily life, is there a murder? If it is a common? place affair among commonplace peo? ple, it is not "news," If it has some element of appeal to the imagination or to tiie universal human feelings, then it is "news.' And the extent to which these e'^ments enter in deter? mines whether "t shall be given a column or tw. pages.-Frank Lane Carter's in Everybody's. What is Life ? In the last analysis nobody knows, but we do know that it is under strict law. Abuse that law even slightly-, pain results. Irregular living means derangement of the organs, resulting in Constipation, Headache or Liver trouble. Dr. King's New Life Pills quickly re-adjusts this. It's gentle, yet thorough. Only 25c at J. F. W. DeLorme's Drag Store. "THE FIIIIS' COLLEGE." How Clemson Might Help Agricul? turists More. Thoughtful Letter From a Farm? er in Lee County Suggesting That a Small Experiment Sta? tion in Each County of the State, Near the Court House, Would be Very Useful in Imparting Knowledge of and Arousing Interest in Scien? tific Farming. To the Editor of The News and Courier : I have recently fulfilled an annual promise to myself of about six years' standing, of a visit to the Farmers' Institution at Clemson. They are doing big things there, considering the institution as a whole. Along the lines of industrial art, tex? tile and mechanical knowledge, I think the progress made is wonderful and should be a source of great pride to every South Carolinian. While the experiments along the agricultural lines are very interesting and instructive, and reflect credit on the management, I think there is room for further development. Con? sidering the great number of men now actually engaged in farming, and the very large majority of young men and boys all over the State who will never be able to take advantage of the in? structions taught in the industrial arts of thaG or any other college, but will remain on the farm to cultivate the soil, I think it of the greatest import? ance that the agricultural interest of the State be developed to the utmost, and particularly in view of the fact that we are forced to make our crops on the worn and depleted soils which must be done by a different and more scientific method than that obtained by our forefathers, with the virgin soil that made bounteous yields under any system. Tbe?differences of greatest import? ance which suggest themselves to me are : First, that the only experiments we have are conducted in one extreme corner of the State, being very inac? cessible to at least 90 per cent, of the people, and second, the experiments made on the red clay hills, at Col? lege, are in many cases of little value to farmers in the middle and lower part of the State, with soil of entirely different character. A given amount of potash and fertilizer used in those red clay hills would not likely give simi? lar results on the soils of Kershaw Colleton or Beaufort, nor would sub? soiling of the soils of the low country give same results as in the Piedmont section. 'Tis true, bulletins are issued, and a great many are benefited therefrom, but there are thousands all over the State who never see a bulletin and do not know that any are issued, and if they did there are thousands who would not, through prejudice against book-farming, and other thousands who are incapable of being benefited by such instructions. As for a practical and inexpensive plan for improvement, I would sug? gest the establishment of experiment grounds of five or ten acres at or as near each county seat as practicable. The same to be under the manage? ment of some practical farmer, who would furnish the land by lease or otherwise, and all to be under the gen? eral management and supervision of ?he agricultural manager, at Clemson College, who woald furnish fertilizers, j seeds and general directions as to the j experiments to be made. The pro? ceeds of such experiments to go to the resident manager as compensation for his services If that should not be enough, let Clemson College pay $000, $100 or more additional. When the amount of appropriation from the United States Government for that purpose besides that from State and other sources, is considered, it would appear small indeed. At these county stations the differ? ent varieties of the staple crops, the many kinds of grasses, clovers, vetch? es and forage plants, small fruits and many other things, the different kinds and quantities of fertilizers, varying the elements of plant food, thereby showing in a sma'l but practical way what is best suited to each locality. There could also be used such im-1 proved agricultural implements that} are of real merit and are within reach ! of the average farmer. What would be the result of the establishment of such farms? My opinion is that the summer institutes held in most of the counties every year should be held in connection with the experimental farms, the operations of which should be discussed and explained by the in? stitute men from the College. In that way in two or three years there would be such an interest aroused in advanced agriculture and benefit de? rived therefrom as South Carolina has never experienced. I am not posted as to the full amount of appropriation from all sources to Clemson for the pnrpose of promoting agriculture, but could not help being impressed that agriculture is not being promoted to the same extent as some ether branch? es of the College. "With small experiments conducted near each Court House, where it would be in easy reach of every citi? zen ; where all the developments could be watched, more would be accom? plished toward diffusing practical knowledge of agriculture, resulting in the saving of thousands of dollars an? nually in the purchase of fertiizers, improved farm implements and numer? ous other ways. I hope I have made out a clear case and impressed those most interested to the extent that they will exert themselves to have something along this line established. With sincere sv.ishes for a greater development of agriculture in South Carolina, I am W. McD. Green. Mechanics vi Ile, Lee County, S. C. County Experiment Stations. Editorial in News and Courier. We publish today a letter from Mr. W. McD. Green, of Meehan i cs vi Ile, Lee County, making a suggestion that appears to us, and we think will strike most of our agricultural readers, as practical and timely, viz: the ad? visability of establishment of small experimental farms in every county of the State,near the county Court House. Mr. Green visited Clemson College this year for the first time, although he has been wanting to do so for the last six years, and this fact gives point to his complaint that the College and experiment station are in a corner of the State and inaccessible to a very large number of farmers, especially in the eastern section. Hardly any one outside of the im? mediate vicinity of Clemson sees the experiment station, except when in at? tendance on the State Farmers' Insti? tute or the graduation exercises of Clemson College. True, he admits, bulletins are issued from the experi? ment station, which are useful in their way, but they reach compara? tively few of the large body of farm? ers, and they cannot possibly accom? plish the same amount of good as would be accomplished by a local ex? periment station, that would be an object lesson to the farmers^ cf the county every time they visited thti Court House town, and which would not be out of their reach when they wanted to watch any special experi? ment at any particular stage cf its de? velopment. It may not be within the scope of thc Act'establisbirg the Federal ex? periment station that any patt cf the appropriation be employed in estab? lishing and niaintaing sub-stations.. but certainly the resources of the Col? lege from the tag tax and annual ap? propriations made by the Legislature are quite sufficient to justifv an ex? penditure of from 83,000 to 85,000 fer this purpose, if so much be necessary. A REAL CURE FOR It has recently- been discovered that the germs that produce Malaria, breed and multiply in the intestines and from tnere spread throughout the svstem by means of the blood. This fact ex? plains why Malaria is hard to cure by the old method of treatment. Quinine, Iron, etc., stimulate the nerves and build up the blood, but do not destroy the germs that cause the disease. Rydale's Tonic has a specific effect "pon the intestines and bowels, freeing them from all disease breeding mi? crobes. It also kills the germs that 'niest the veins and arteries. It drives ?rom the blood all poisonous matter ind makes it rich and healthv. R VD ALE'S TONIC is " a blood c.::icier, a nerve restorer, andii Malaria destroyer. Try it, it will Jbk disar> ooint you.