Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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?IBB?Hl? IGHSTITOTION ST?HDS. ?ii Contentions of Complainants Already Passed on Adversely by U. S. Supreme Court. Richmond, Va., Nov. 29.?The argument in the proceeding o? Mr. John S. Wise to invalidate the new Virginia constitution was resumed in the United States circuit court here this morning. Chief Justice Fuller sitting with Judge Waddill. Attorney General Anderson spoke for the com monwealth, addressing himself largely to the point raised by complainants that the Siate was barred from re stricting the suffrage as it had done by the reconstruction acts. He was fol lowed by Jams Hays, colord, of counsel for complainants, who made a strong plea for the rights of his race. This afternoon the court dismissed both suits, on the ground that it had no jurisdiction, the actions being against the State. An appeal will be taken. All the questions of the chief justice indicated that virtually every contention raised by complainants had been passed upon adversely by the su preme court THE LAST COTTON CROP.. Soverwaent Figures 9,966,478 Bales Were Actually Grown. Washington, Nov. 29.? The final re port of the statistician of the depart ment of sgricluture shows the actual growth of cotton in t?ae United States in the year 1901-02 to have been 9,966, 478 commercial bales, of which 115, 550 bales were marketed before Sept 1, 1901, and 9,696,336 bales between Sept. 1,1901, and Aug. 31, 1902, 154, 392 bales being carried forward to the year 1902-03. The commercial crop of the year amounted to 10,663,224 bales, thus exceeding the amount actually grown by 696,786 bales. This excess was due in the main to the very extensive marketing of cotton held over from previous, years. A New England Horror. Dexter, Maine, November 30.?Mrs. fiattie Whitten, who was arrested yesterday on the charge of having poisoned her nine-year-old daughter, from whose funeral she had just re turned, committed suicide today by hanging, while in the custody of \he deputy sheriff. Her death ends a case which promised to be as sensational as any inquired into in many years. % Mrs. Whitten is suspected also of having caused the death of an elder daughter, aged 11, on September 19 last, and this body had been exhumed. Both children died suddenly, when previously they had appeared to be in the best of health. Mrs. Wbitten's husband also died suddenly, two years ago. The children were insured for $56 and $85 respectively. As a cause of death thb physician's certificates mentioned meningitis and heart fail ure. An autopsy on the body. of the younger girl disclosed arsenic and strychnine. The result of the autopsy on the elder giri has not been made public. The woman was taken in charge by a. deputy sheriff and this af ternoon, being left alone, "she iied to gether two towels anc hanged herself to a bed post. Venezuela Frightened. Caracas, Venezuela, November 30.? The Venezuelan general, Antonio Vel ntini, has been appointed minister plenipotentiary to France. He will renew the diplomatic relations between the two countries which have been ruptured since 1894. The precipitate nomination of Gen. Velutini is due to the fears entertained by the Venezue lan Government of complications with Germany. The newly appointed min ister is of French descent. The news that Germany will send three war ships to reinforce the Ger man squadron in Venezuelan waters, which already numbers three vessels, ias produce a feeling of apprehension in this city and especially in official circles. Venezuela Will Pay. Berlin, December 1.?President Cas tro, of Venezuela, handed, probably on Thursday last to the German min ister at Caracas, a written acceptance of part of Germany's claims, sufficient ly comprehensive to delay the pre sentation of a joint ultimatum by Ger many and Great Britain, if not ren dering it altogether unnecessary. It is also understood that Great Britain's demands will be satisfied. Foreign Secretary Von Richthofen and the British foreign secretary, Lord' Lstnsdowne, are now in correspondence over Venezuela's change of front. This Government considers that a peaceful settlement of the questions in dispute is cuite probable, acd attri butes President Castro's yielui*^ to the fact that he has become aware that the United States would not interpose any obstacle to the forcible collection of the claims of Germany and Great t?ri tain. Rebbery in Hartsvi?le. Darlington, Dec 1.?Peripatetic cracksmen got in some of their fancy work at Hartsville early yesterday morning. The postoffice was robbed, about two hundred dollars, most of which was Government funds, having been taken by the robbers. The safe was broken and no clue has yet been dis covered, as many people were in town on Saturday. Postmaster Gaudy, who has had charge of the office for ten years, is working on the case. A Jim Crow Car Case. Richmond, Va., November 29.?The case in the Chesterfield Circuit Court of Hawks, colored, against the Atlantic Coast Line, for not being per mitted to go into the car for colored people, under the Jim Crow Act, a verdict has been rendered in favor of the railroad,- it being shown that Hawks is, in appearance, a full-blood ed white man, and that he did not inform the conductor that he }s color-, ed. '" * ? i & 5 ' TRE MEETING OF G?HGBESS. The Reading of the President's Message Today. Washington, Dec. 1.?The second session of the Fifty-seventh congress was convened at noon today. Long be fore the gavels fell in the two honses large crowds thronged abont the doors of the visitors' galleries seeking admission. Early in the forenoon the corridors gave evidence of an approach ing session. There were the nsnal scenes and incidents attending the opening of congress. A bright snnny day bronght ont a crowd to greet the lawmakers, the women being con spicuous among the visitors. In the lobbies of the house members were exchanging greetings while on the senate side there were similar ex changes. Large numbers of represent atives also journeyed to the senate chamber to shake hands. To be seen in the corridors and lob bies on both sides were many public officials who left the departments to witness the opening. Notable among those who gathered, at the cap?tol this morning were some of the members elect who will take seats next Decem ber, or earlier, should an extra ses sion be called. Former Speaker Thomas B. Reed was among the visitors at the cap?tol. Prior to the hour for convening he visited among the members of the house where he once served so many years, then among the members of the tenate. He was greeted on both sides by friends and former associates. The opening of the Fifty-seventh congress in the house was as usual a spectacular event. The galleries of the freshly decorated hall were packed to the doors with people prominent in society and politics and the flower show on the floor, although not as elaborate as usual, filled the chamber with per fume and added grace and beauty to the scene. The members were good natured and jovial and there was no outcropping of partisan feeling to mar the reassembling. Speaker Hen derson received a cordial reception as he assumed the gavel, but beyond this there were no demonstrations. The proceedings were pnrely perfunctory. A prayer, the calling of the roll, the swearing in of members elected to fill vacancies created by death or resigna tion during the recess, the adoption of the cnstomery resolutions to appoint a committee to wait upon the presi dent, to inform the senate that the house was ready to transact basiness and to fix the daily hour of meeting, surmarizes what was done. Then the death of the late Representative Charles A. Russell, of Connecticut, which occurred in the early fall, was . annoanced by his successor, Mr. Bran degee, the usual resolution of regret vvas adopted and the house, as a fur ther mark of respect adjourned until tomorrow when the president's mes sage will be . received. The session lasted less than an hour. The leaders on both sides were sur rounded and greeted as they found their way to their desks, but there were no demonstrations. Mr. Cannon of Illinois, whose election as speaker of the next house is already assured, was besieged by?his colleagues with congratulations and could with diffi culty force away to his desk. Mr. Payne, of New York, the floor leader of the majority, Mr. Dalzell, of Penn sylvania, Mr. Richardson, the minori ty leader, and other.prominent mem bers also held impromptu receptions. Among the new members sworn in was Carter Glass, Sixth Virginia dis trict, vice Peter J. Otey, deceased. Immediately after the swearing in of these members Mr. Taylor of Ohio created a flurry by offering a resolution to investigate the election of Carter Glass, in the Sixth Virginia district. Mr, Richardson, the minority leader, challenged action upon the resolution, but as Mr. Taylor did not ask action upon it bat only that it be refer red to committee on elections No. 1, it was so "referred without objections. The speaker appointed Messrs. Bing ham, of Pennsylvania, Hitt, of Illinois, and Richardson, of ; Tennessee, as the committee to wait on the president, and the house adjourned until tomor row. The Cotton Situation. Well-posted authorities in the cotton trade seem to be steering a middle course between the lines of action laid down respectively by the bulls and the bears on that important staple. On the one hand they have discredited the alarmist reports of unparalleled deterioration from concededly brilliant prospects early in the season, while on the other they do not share in the bearish pronunciamentos issued mostly by English estimators of nearly record breaking "yields, and of presumably lower prices for the staple based upon these predictions. Even the most conservative authorities differ slightly among themselves as to the effect of slightly increased supplies this season as compared with last, which they now nearly all concede. It was noted last week in these columns that Mr. Ellison seemed to regard the outlook for cotton consumption in this country as not encouraging Mr. Shepperson, in his little cotton-trade compendium, "CottonFacts," rather disagrees with his colleague in England, and looks for a probable gain in consumption in this country of 300,000 bales. They are almost at one, however, about the size of the crop, Shepperson placing it at 11,200,000 baies and Ellison at 11, 250,000 bales, and they practically agree on there being little change likely from present prices in the event of these estimates coming true. Shep person, like Ellison, looks for trade in Europe to offset any tendencies toward much higher prices for the actual staple. As indicated in these columns some time since, in fact, cot ton prices and supplies appear to have very nearly reached a balance, and, in default of any marked unfavorable trade happenings, of which there is no sign at present, this balance does not give any sign of being rudely dis turbed. ?Bradstreets. Pittsburg, Dec. 1.?Mrs. Lizzie Wilson was shot and killed and Ruth Stein seriously wounded in a Colwell street resort, about 4 o'clock this morning. The shooting was done, it is alleged, by a man named Singer, who, * a few minutes after fled the house, half robed and has not since been seen. I WAVING THE BLOODY SHIRT. ?Work of Representative Crurn packer aud His "Squad of [ Republican Agitators in Congress," Egged on by John S. Wise. Washington, Dec. 1.?Representative Crumpacker and his squad of Rpubli can agitators in the House are prepar ing for a general attack on the State Constitutions in the South in behalf of their colored brethren, whom they claim are disfranchised. Today's session opened with a move intended to force a Congressional investigation into the recent elections in Virginia as a fresult of the new Constitution adopted in that State. The first mem ber of Congress elected in the elec tions provided for by the new Consti tution is Carter Glass, who succeeds Major Otey from the Lynchburg dis trict. It is a singular coincidence that-as a member of the Constitutional Convention Mr. Glass played the most important part in framing the suffrage provisions of that Constitution. The suffrage planks are practically his own. Subsequent to the adoption of the new Constitution Major Otey died, and largely because of his prominence in the Constitutional Convention Glass was chosen to fill the vacancy. It is something like the irony of fate that his title to a seat in Congress should be the first to be contested. This movement on the part of the Re publicans is engineered by John S. Wise, the New York attorney, who was formally a member of Congress from Virginia. Falling in his efforts to get the Virginia Constitution into the Federal Courts Wise came on from Richmond to Washington. This morn ing he had a conference with Presi dent Roosevelt, going to the White House with Representative Crnmpack er, of Indiana, who is recognized ^ as the leader in Congress of the campaign against the South. Later the plan of those who are opposing Mr. Glass as the Representative of the Virginia Constitution developed. It had been announced that Wise would have some Republican member object to the swearing in of Glass, but no such ob jection was made. Immediately after he had been sworn in, however, Re presentative Tayler, of Ohio, who is chairman of one of the election com mittees, intrcndced a resolution calling for Congressional investigation into the election of Mr. Glass. This cited the circumstances of the adoption of the Virginia Constitution, and the al legations that its previsions clashed with certain provisions of the Federal Constitution, and called for an in vestigation bv elections committee No. 1. Immediately there was a flurry^ of excitement on the Democratic side. Representative Richardson, of Ten nessee, the minority leader, jumped to his feet, and entered a protest against the consideration of tho re solution. He raised a point of order against it, but later withdrew this, as Mr. Tayler expained he was not asking its immediate consideration, but wanted it referred to the elections committee in the usual course. There was some discussion on the Demo cratic side as to whether it should go to the elections committee No. 3, which hasconsiderd the other Virginia contests, rather than to committee No. 1, but finally all objections to its go ing to that committee were withdrawn, and the resolution takes that course. It has not developed that the Republi can leaders intend to force action upon the resolution, but the probability is that they will do so, and ask a Con gressional investigation of the election in that district. mm iiti mm Preserves Now in Brick. The Kansas City Packer relates that the newest form of preseved frnit is bricks, which are either rectangular or disc-shaped and done up in oiled tissue paper. They are of about the consistency of a soft gumdrop, and, being composed largely of sugar, they hold the flavor of the strawberries, peaches, pears, plums or what not ad mirably. These bricks will soon be on the market in large quantities from California, experiments in their manufacture having attained final success. They are made by boiling down the fruit pulp to a sugar until the desired consistency is reached, when the mixture is poured into pans and permitted to dry slowly for ten hours, being eventually cut into suit able pieces and wrapped in the manner described. They will keep in perfect ly good condition for years. Old-time housewives used to make plum or cherry "cheeses," as they called them, which were so stiff that fanciful forms could be stamped out of them with a pastry cutter. This delectable quality of stiffness, as well as the absence of stickiness, was attributable to the boiling, which was brought to exact ly a certain point (after putting the fruit through fine seives),in order to turn the sugar to candy. It is the same principle that is used in the manufac ture of the fruit bricks, which, when they are to be used, are soaked pre liminarily in warm water for an hour. They are said to be almost like the fresh fruit, being readily utilized for pastry and other deserts, and their cost is moderate. Before long, doubt less, they will be for sale in all the grocery shops. The production of friut pulps in other shapes has already become enormous in this country, most of them being put up in cans for the flavoring of ices and soda-water. One can buy in this form apricot pulp, peach pulp, apple pulp, pineap ple pulp, quince pulp, and various others. Strawberry pulp we are ex porting in large quantities to Europe. - f mm~ - Philadelphia, Pa., Dec. 1.?Mrs. Kate Hassett, leading lady in Keith's Eighth street theatre stock company, was shot and killed tonight by Barry Johnston, a well known actor, who was formerly a member of the Richard Mansfield company and who is well known to theatrical people throughout the country. After the murder Johns ton attempted suicide. The tragedy occurred at Darien and Wood street Philadelphia's Tenderloin. Johnson fired at his victim five times, two of the bullets taking effect, one in the left breast and the other in the left arm. Johnston shot himself through the breast and is not expected to live. The cause of the tragedy is believed to be jealousy. COST OF OOB GOVERNMENT. Estimates Furnished by the Exec-1 utive Departments of the Sums j Keeded to Maintain Them for the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1904. - Washington, December 1.?The Secretary of the treasury today trans mitted to Congress the estimates of the appropriations required for the Govern ment service for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1901, as furnished by the heads of the several executive depart ments. The total appropriations asked for are $589,189,112, which is $21,638, 576 less than the estimates for 1903 and $33,050,014 less than the appropria tions for that year. Following is a recapitulation of me estimates by departments, cents omit ted: Legislative $11,508,483, executive $319,500, State department $2,676,825, treasury department $172,313,526, war department $130,986,605, navy depart ment $84,725,798, interior deparmtent $163,018,616, postoffice d?pannent $10,363,486, department of agriculture $5,660,150, department of labor $184, 220, department of justice $7,431,900. Grand total?? 8589,189,112. Following are the principal items under the several departments, which show increases or decreases, as com pared with the appropriations for the year 1903: Legislative, salaries and expenses, increase $393.913. " Public printing, etc., increase $718,000. Executive proper, salaries and ex penses, increase $13,000. Salaries and expenses, civil service commission, increase $75,000. State Department?Foreign inter course, increase $211,000. . Treasury Department?Public works, increase $7,000,000; miscellaneous, $3,000,000. District of Columbia, increase $2, 700,000. Permanent annual appropriations, decrease S3,600, C00. War Department?Military establish ment, decrease 811,000,000. Public works, decrease $4,683,000. Navy Department?Naval establish ment, increase $6,000,000. Interior Department?Public works, decrease $273,000. Miscellaenous, increase $1,650,000. Permanent annual appropriations, increase $470,000. Postoince Department?Salaries and expenses, increase $115,00. Department of Agriculture?Salaries and expenses, increr.se $462,000. Department of Justice?Miscellan eous, increase $472,000. Reviva! in Gaffney Has Wonder ful Besults?Whole City Moved. Rev. Len G. Broughton, the well known Baptist divine of Atlanta, Ga., who has been holding a revival meet ing in Gaffney for the past week has succeeded in bringing about an un usual state of affairs in that city. The religious enthusiasm has spread over the entire city and it is probable that as a result the handsome opera house in Gaffney will be converted into a Y. M. C. A. building. A meeting locking to the establish ment of a Y. M. C. A. was held in that city Friday at which Dr. Brough ton was present. At this meeting the suggestion was made that the theatre of the town be converted into a Y. M. C. A. building so that no shows hereafter could have an opportunity to give performances in that city. The suggestion met with a hearty response and a number of the stockholders in the theatre building even went so far as to offer their stock as a gift to the Y. M. C. A. The matter is creating much discussion and the entire town is aroused: Dr. hroughton .went home Sunday to preach at his church in Atlanta and is expected to return and complete the work now in progress.?Spartanburg Journal. Remembered the Dog. ( From the loia Register. ) Pension Commissioner Ware was sitting in his office at Washington one day when a brigadier general of the regular army was ushered in. "This is Mr. Ware?" he asked. "I'm that same," replied Ware. "What can I do for you?" "I don't suppose you remember me, do you?" was the reply. "Well. I don't know that I do," said Ware, taking a side look at the man again, and then under sudden inspiration but with a slow drawl, "but I would like to know what the devil you've done with that dog." The stranger was astonished, but laughed heartily, and the two had a long chat. It seems that during the civil war the two had been slightly ac quainted, the stranger being a member of the First Iowa. He was known as a reckless fellow, wholly superior to the little niceties of toilet and habit. He owned a bulldog named Major that was the pet of the company. Af ter a meal the soldier would toss his plate aside and call Major to wash the dishes. And Major would lick the platter clean. And it was this recruit of the days of ?61 that walked into Ware's office in the stiff, precise garb of the brigadier general of the regulars. Ware did not remember him at first, but suddenly was struck by something familiar about the fellow, and, although he could not remember bis name, did re member the dog. The Philippines Doomed. Manila, November 30.?The effort to restore agriculture in the Philip pine Islands has been blocked by a dearth of field animals. Ninety per cent of the caraboes died in the origin al epidemic of rinderpest, and of the small number imported since many have died. The Government had planned an extensive importation of these animals to meet the needs and had arranged to have them immunized. It was forced to abandon this plan on account of lpck of money to meet the purchases. The general cultivation of the plantations is impossible without them, and the absence of any im mediate prospect of getting the field animals leaves the agricultural situa tion in a serious condition, THE PAMA CANAL TREATY. Removal of Minister Concha by the Colombian Government Improves the Chances of the Treaty Being Arranged. Washington, December 1.?Senor Concha has been relieved as minister for Colombia by orders from Bogota, and it is believed that Dr. Thomas Kerran, the present secretary of lega tion here, will be accredited as min ister to succeed Mr. Concha in the course of a few days. Meanwhile Dr. Herran has been clothed by his Gov ernment with full authority to pro secute the negotiations looking to a canal treaty with considerably en larged powers. Minister Concha having stood fast against several stronger presentations from his own Government favoring a treaty, the latter decided to place the further negotiations in thehand of Dr. Herran. It is, of course, asst med from this change that the chances of the treaty have been bettered. DEWEY OFF F08 CULEBRA. His First Sea Duty Since His Famous Cruise in Phil ippine Waters. Washington, December 1.?Admiral Dewey resumed active sea duty today for the^ first time since his return to the United States from his ever mem orable cruise in Philippine waters. His four-starred pennant was hoisted on the President's yacht Mayflower ^t the Washington navy yard about 9 o'clock, and, accompanied by the members of his staff, the Admiral sailed away to assume direct command of the large fleet engaged in the nmaoeuvers in the Caribbean Sea. His staff included Bear Admiral Taylor, chief of the bureau of navigation, chief of staff ; Capts Swift and Pills bury, assistant chiefs of staff, and Commander Sargent, personal aid. The departure of the party was devoid of display and the customary salute to the Admiral was omitted at his re quest. The Mayflower will set her course direct for Culebra Island, off Porto Rico, and is due there next Saturday. CHARLESTON. TiOERS GGNV1?TED. _ Offered Mo Defense and Were Found Guilty in City Court. Charleston, Dec. 1.?The city court convened today for the trial of cases reported for violation of the dispensary law. There were seventy-seven cases on the docket, but only nine cases were heard, resulting in a conviction in each case. The other cases were continued, twenty-eight for lack of witnesses, and forty because there were no jurors to hear the cases, the defendants having demanded [trial by jury. There were twelve lawyers pre sent, all of whom represented clients. Judge Jerevy fined the defendants 350 or ten days each. -?^ag?-->-? ^ ? o?* A Scramble For a Judgeship. It being generally conced?d that there is to he vacancy on the Supreme bench by the retirement of the Chief Justice and the promotion of Justice Pope, about a dozen lawyers in the State are working for Justice Pope's place. Some of them have gotten out printed requests for support, which are being sent out to Legislators.?News and Courier. John Marshall, the Chief Justice of the United States, on one occasion was driving in his gig and found that the tire cn one of bis wheels was loose and kept slipping off. He didn't know a great deal about common affairs, for h9 had not lived much with the com mon affairs of life: but he did know that water would tighten a tire on a wheel. So he came to a little branch and drove into it and got one little section of the wheel wet, then drove out and backed his horse and the same part of the wheel went into the water again, and h? pulled back and kept seesawing backwards and forward, all the time getting the same part of the wheel wet. While the great lawyer and Judge was bothering himself about how to get the wheel wet a negro came along and, seeing the situation, told him to go back into the water again. He did so and he negro took hold of the spokes of the wheel and turning it around directly had it wet all around. Mr. Marshal said : " Well, I never thought of that." The darkey said: "Well, some men just nattly have more sense than others, anyhow. San Juan, P. R., December 1.?The United States auxiliary cruiser Panth er, with 320 marines ,on board, nearly all sick,^sailed this afternoon for Nor folk. She came from Colon. The Colombian Government asserted that it could protect the"isthmus, so the opportunity was seized to take the fever-stricken soldiers back The large Christian Science colony at Silkwiorth, Pa., says a dispatch to the Philadelphia Ledger, founded by Mrs. Eddy herself, is torn by dissen sions. It is asserted that the failure of "a healer" to cure a horse belong ing to a wealthy member of the Church caused a split, and the leader and half the members have signified their in tentions of going to some other denom ination. Oddities Color Blindnesx. While the nuinlx r of color blind per sons is not very large, only about five in every hundred suffering from any defect in this resp ect and most of those being affected only in :i minor degree, yet the phenomenon sometimes as sumes very remarkable phases. An oculist states that ho found two perso;;s who possessed monochromatic vision?that is to say, all colors ap- ; peered to them to be simply different j sbsdes of pray. If the leader will look at e photo-) graph of a landscape or, better, of a ; garden lillcxl with brilliant flowers, hej will lie able to form an idea of the ap pearance which nature must present to one who suffers from the infliction ; called monochromatic vision. AST OF CAf??C?TUEE ! EVOLUTION AND INFLUENCE OF THE NEWSPAPER CARTOON. I_ : The Ancient Greeks, Romans and Egyptians L'sed Grotesque Pictures to Emphasize Their Satire ? The Eighteenth Century Craa:e. The story is told of an abbe of the Eeventeentk century ? who was as de j formed in figure as be was ridiculous ! in dress, and as sensitive about his ! physical deformity as he was vain of his eccentric attire, that while serving : mass one morning he observed a smile ! of contempt on the face of one of the I courtiers present and determined to ; avenge himself by serving a process upon him for appearance in court the following day. ? The offender, M. de L?sson by name, knowing that things would go hard with him unless he could show some reason for his mirth, made a hasty sketch of the hunchback abte, exag gerating in size the six black caps and the waistcoats in which he was wont to appear, and when he was solemnly.* asked to show cause for his unseemly mirth and indignity to the holy church, he suddenly displayed before his judges the caricature of the abbe as his "ex cuse." The likeness was so excellent and the cartoon so grotesque that the, entire, court fell to laughing, and the accused was liberated without a repri mand. This is the first authentic case of the power of the cartoon in a hall of jus tice, but it illustrates the power of the pencil in depicting the follies of the^ foolish and the affectations of the arti ficial. There is no telling when the art of caricature began. There are a number of grotesques that have come down to us from earliest Egyptian times. The Greeks employed pictures to emphasize^ their satire, and so did the Romans. All through the middle ages there were numberless examples of "grotesque ries'' which, curiously enough, were used in enforcing the doctrines of the church by means of satirizing the deviL But the eighteenth century was the^ heyday of the cartoon. Beginning in France and overrunning into Holland and thence across the channel into England, the flood of cari caturists carried everything before it, and it is safe to say that we read the history of the times with clearer vision and with more accuracy of detail for s the mirror which caricaturists held un to reflect the striking peculiarities or' the men and events passing before it. Gautier mentions a Spanish cartoon ist, Francisco Gaya y Lucientes, a mix ture of Rembrandt, Watteau and Ra belais, who preceded the two great car- ii icaturists of the latter half of the eighteenth century, George Cmikshank* in England and M. Charlet in France. Chariet is known as the father of mod ern social caricature and holds as good title to his position as does Philipau toy that of the father of comic journalism, with Le Charivari, the strongest paper of its kind. Then came Punch in Eng land, which still retains its subtitle of the London Charivari, for years the faithful if not the most highly polished refiecter of British life. Upon its staff John Leech. Richard Doyle, John Fen niel. George du Maurier and a dozen men of lesser name kept Great Britain in good humor for two generations. It has been reserved for America, however, to bring forth a new race of caricaturists, which for lack of a better title may be called the personal car<. toonists. men who seize upon the char acteristics of an individual and so ex aggerate them that the subjects of the cartoons are known by the most promis?, nent features in their physical, mental or morai makeup. True there was one man in London a. hundred years ago. Gillray by name, who had this faculty of dissecting his subject until he found his weakest point and then unmercifully pricking it with his drawing pencil, but with him the race died out to be reincarnated in America. Gillray was a close observer" of people and events. He would sit in his publishers window and watch the fops of the court as they passed and' fasten in his memory every feature by which a man would be recognized by j his acquaintances. He remembered evr ery story that related to the traits of character of those in the public eye, and the St .lames street of 1S00 is faithfully reproduced in his art Perhaps we Americans look at the droll side of life more than other peo-y pie. but certain it is we have more and better cartoonists than elsewhere. The very quickness with which we see the point of a joke demands equal facility*,, in portraying drollery in a cartoon. We sketch boldly and leave much of the unnecessary detail to our slower cougr Ins. Then. too. our public events hap pen with such startling rapidity that a cartoon of yesterday's doings would be flat today, and we must keep very much alive and be ready for a political change overnight In other words, the alert American must have depicted in his cartoon th? very tra h s of character that have made ? him what he Is. the quickest and | -brightest of men.?Thomas Nast In Xew York News. Our Republic. The American republic must live. ' Popular commotion and partisan fury may dash their mad waves against it, but they shall roll back shattered, spent. Persecution shall not shake it. fanaticism distort it nor revolution change it. but it shall stand towering sublime, like the last mountain in the deluge, while the earth rocks at ?s feet and the thunders peal above its head?majestic, ini mutable, magnin ceut?Wendell Phillips. ProniptnoK* din ex* recia ?ed. George?What's de matter, kid? Willie?It's dis way (bocboo). boss ?o?d me to be prompt about every thi^. an' now he's fired mo because 1 was too prompt about goin* home Chicago Nfcws.