Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE SUMTER WATCHMAN. Ktiabiiohed April, 1850 "Be Just and Fear not- Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TRUJE SOUTHRON. Ketabiiabcd jeno ! 66 Cosolidated Aug. 2,1881. SUMTER. S. C.. WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 29, 1902. New Series-Vol. XXII. No. 13 thc fflaUlmm aub Sonftnnt Published Every ^3 lr.ss a7, # -Br JM. 'C3r. Ost en5 SUMTER, S. C. TURKS : $1 50 per a ccm-in advance. iDVSSTIS2H!Ki: Ono Square first insertion.Si 00 Sverv subssqv.ent insertion. 50 Contracts for three months, or longer Viii be ende a; reduced rates. AU coaiBJunicationg which subserve private interests will be charged for as advertieoents. Obituaries and tributes of respects will be charged for. SILL RP TELLS THE FACTS. Ignorance in the North-Many Think Slavery Just Grew Up in the South-Few Know That Grant Owned Slaves. Atlanta Constitution. Wanted-In ISSI General Henry R. Jackson, of Savannah, delivered in Atlanta the most notable, instructive and eloquent address that has been heard in Georgia since the civil war. The subject was "The Wanderer," a slave ship that landed on the Geor gia coast in 1S3S. But the whole ad dress was an historical recital of many political events that led to the civil war and of which the generation that has grown up since were profoundly ignorant and still are. It was deliver ed by request of the Young . len's Library Association. when Henry Grady was its chairman, and I suppose was published in pamphlet form i and could be had on application, but 1 have sought in vain to find a copy. 1 have a newspaper copy, but it has I been worn to the quick and is almost illegible. I wrote to Judge Pope Bar row, -who is General Jackson's execu tor, and he can find none among the general's papers. Can any veteran furnish me a copy? I would also be pleased to obtain a copy of Daniel Webster's speech at Capon Springs, which was suppressed by his publish ers and to which General Jackson makes allusion. General Jackson was a great man. He won his military lau rels in the war with Mexico, ile was assistant attorney general under Buchanan when Jeremiah Black was t h chief. He was the vigilant, deter mined, conscientious prosecutor of those who owned and equipped and officered toe only slave ship that ever landed on the Georgia const, fie was a man of splendid culture and a poet of ability and r putation. Strange it is that this magnificent address has not been complied in the appedix of som'/ Southern history, as a landmark for the present generation. It is sad and mortifying that our young and middle-aged men and our graduares from Southern colleges know so little of oar ante-bellum history. The Northern people are equally igno rant of the origin of slavery and the real causes that precipitated the civil war. Most of them have a vague idea that slavery was born and just grew up in the South-came np out of the ground like the 17-year-old locusts and was our sin and our curse. Not one in ten thousand will believe that che South nerve imported a slave from Africa, but got all we bad by purchase from our Northern brethren. I would wager a thousand dollars against ten that not a man under fifty nor a school boy who lives North of the line knows or belives that General Grant, their great military hero and idol, was a slave owner and lived off of their hire and their service while he was fighting us about ours. Lincoln's proclama tion of freedom came in 1863, but Gen eral Grant paid no attention to it. He continued to use them as slaves until January. 1865. ! See his biography by General James Grant Wilson in Ap pleton's Encyclopedia. General Grant owned these salves in St. Louis, Mo., where in* lived. He was a bad man ager and just before the war began be moved to Galena and went to work for his brother in the tanyard. While there he caught the war fever and got a good position under-Lincoln, but had bc remained in St. Louis would have greatly preferred one on our side. So said Mrs. (irant a few years ago td a newspaper editor in St. Augustine. How many of this generation North <T South know or will believe that as late as November, 1S61, Nathaniel Gordon, master.of a New England slave shiji, calied the Erie, was con victed in New York city of carrying on the slave trade. (See Appleton, i Just think (if it and wonder. In 1S61 our Northern brethren made war upon us because we enslaved the nc^rut-s we had bought fr >m them, hut ar the same time th?*y kept on bringing more from Africa and begging us t<> buy them. How many know that England, our mother country, never emancipat ed her slaves until ls}:;, when twelve millions were set free in the East, indies and one hundred millions of dollars paid to their owners by act of parliament';' If is only within the last a lf century that the importation >f slaves f rom Africa has generally ceased. Up to that rime every civilized coun tr'v bought tn<-m and enslaved them. English statesmen and clergymen said it v.'as better to bring them away than to have them continu" in their bar oarism and cannibalism. And i: was r-... fK/jv should be brought awav and placed in slavery, but tho way i; was done was inhuman and.- brutal. The horrors of th.- middle pass;-.-, as the ocean voyage was called, is the most aweful narrative I ever read, and re minds me of Dante's 44Inferno. About naif the cargo survived and the dead and flying were tumble 1 into the -..a. The owners said we can afford to ose bali and still have a thousand per cent profit. Kev. John Newton, one of the sweetest poets who ever wrote a hymn, the author of " Amazing grace, how sweet the sound, that saved a wretch like?" "Saviour, Visit Thy Plantation,'" "Safely Through An other Week," and many others, was | for many years a deck hand on a slave ship and saw all its horrors, lie be came converted, but soon after became captain of a slaver and for four years pursued it diligently and mitigated its cruelty. Then he quit and went to preaching, and says in his autobi ography that it never occurred to him that there was any tiling wrong or im moral in the slave trade where it was humanely conducted. The Saviour said : "Offences must needs come, but woe unto them by whom they come." In Appletons' long and exhaustive article on slavery it is said that slavery in some form has existed ever since human history began. And it appears to have been under the sanction of Providnce as far back as the days of Noah and Abraham. The latter had a very great household and many ser vants, _whom he had bought with his monet* The word slave appears but twice in the Bible. It is synonymous with servant and bondsman. There has been*no time since the Christian era that the dominant nations have not owned slaves-sometimes the bond age was hard, but as a general rule the master found it to his interest to be kind to his slaves. As Bob Tombs said in his Boston speech: "It is not to our interest to starve our slaves any more than it is to starve our horses and horned cattle." Shortly after the little cargo that the Wanderer brought were secretly scattered around I saw some of them at work in a large gar den in Columbus, Ga., and was told that they were docile and quickly learned to dig and to hoe, but that it was hard to teach them to eat cooked meat. They wanted it raw and bloody. They were miserable little runts, "Guinea negroes," with thick lips and flat noses, but they grew up into better shayne 3nd made good servants, and 1 know were far better off than in their native jungles, the prey of stronger tribes, and mace food for cannibals. No, there was no sin in slavery as instituted in the South by our fathers and forefathers, and that is why I write this letter-perhaps the last 1 shall ever write on this subject. 1 wish to impress it upon our boys and girls, so that they may be ready and willing to defend their Southern an cestors from the baseless charge of suffering now for the sins of their fathers. A Northern friend writes: "Do please let up on the negro. We up here are tired of him. Give us more of your pleasant pictures of domestic life, etc., but let the negro go dead. " He does not know that the negro and what is to become of him is a ques i tion of tremendous moment with us ! and it must be written about. But will refrain as long a:; il is prudent, .lust now I would like to hire a man to cuss the black rascal who came in to my back yard the other night and st ie my grind sr one. For five years I have let every darkey grind his ax ! who wanted io, and now 1 can't grind my own. The fact is 1 have no ax to grind, for thev stole that first. Bill Arp. LL. H <,UJ ii risUhj ul !?}< . How an Englishman Knew Bishop Kelley Was Joking. Bishop Benjamin J. Kelley, who spent some days in London, both going to and re;urning from Rome, says the Savannah Morning News, has brought back with him to Savannah a story that the bishop says illustrates the typical Britisher's perception of a joke. He has a nephew in the British army, who entertained Bishop Kelley while he was in London at the service club to which he belonged. Sitting in the club reading room with a party of men, officers and civilians as well, when the Irish spirit of mischief, bubbling out from between the warp woof of his cloth, induced the bishop to say : " By the way, perhaps one of you gentlemen can settle a question that has often tror'Med my curiosity. Is it possible to make butter of goat's milk':" The Englishmen around the table stared at the Bishop with well-bred amazement, somewhat startled, seem ingly, that a clergyman should be really curious on such a subject. None of them ventured, however, to answer the question. "I don't know, I'm sure," said one of them, "but I'll aswk my wife." "Oh, don't trouble yourself," said the bishop. It was men- idle curiosity on my part. But as the party broke up and started towards the door the bishop) nudged his obliging acquain tance's elbow and murmured: "I should think you could, you know, because a goat's a good butter." "Hah," said the Englishman, with bland and perfect uneompreherision I and the bishop NV.-nt on his way in : Rome. j Some weeks later h<> returned to London and to the'sane' club where assembled in the eourse of time much j the sane- party, lb- of tin- obliging disposition button-holed tin- bishop on I tte- Spot. i "I say." he said: "you remember ; " \ es, said trie m sn o p. poss ; some trepidation ol' spirit. "Well, my wife says," sa j Knglishman,'* t hat that, was a j Whereupon the right reverend I of Savannah, unable longer to con{j 'his mirth, turned and fled. GEN. JONES RESTR& NFB BY 0. WALT WHITMAN. Also D. C. Heyward Held Back From the Governorship-But Dr. Babcock is Foot-Loose. Special to The State. Union, Oct. 22.--G. Wak Whitman has brought action for an injunction against Col. Wilie Jones, chairman of the State Democratic committee, re straining them from putting the name of Hon. I). C. Hey ward on the ticket for governor. He has also filed an in junction against the Hon. D. C. Hey ward himself restraining him from running in the general election in November as a candidate of the Demo cratic party under the guise of the Democratic nominee. The matter was brought up before Judge Buchanan while he was here at court which has just closed. Mr. Whitman says in his petition that he filed his pledge within the prescribed time by and according to the rules and regulations of the Demo cratic party in this State. The pro ceedings are supported by the affidavits of S. C. DePass, who was then in his brother's law office, but is now a student in the South Caro lina college. Further in the petition he says he has never been a candidate in the true meaning of the word, "but that he is not averse to filling the office of gover nor if elected on the platform of broad and liberal ideas of education." He says he has exhausted all the rights and remedies by appeal to the State executive committee. He now thinks all the candidates for governor ought to be allowed to run on their own merits in the general election and let the people decide who they want to be governor. The proceedings before Judge'Buch anan .vere based on a number of affidavits, sworn r<> before W. W. Dix on, United States Commissioner. The affidavits were those of Dr. J. G. C o ing. Col. James Munro, Dr. Wallace Cu lp and Capt. Jas. E. Hunter. Most of the affidavits wore to the effect that they knew Mr. Whitman to be of age, and a qualified elector, that his Democracy is above par when Com pared with other members of the gen eral assembly of the Stat--. They say they know that Mr. Whitman is anxious to be governor. Mentally and physically, they know he is abie to run for governor and that he will do so. and may make a good executive officer. Then Capt. Jas. E. Hunter says that Mr. Whitman's pledge was filed, in writing lt was written on a postal card and was mai lcd by S. C. DePass. Judge Buchanan after hearing oral arguments from ali the Union bar on the case reversed Iiis decision. .awiey. - -OO- -ors li m m - ur. Mitchel! on Mri "ornan. Mr. Mitchell's expression of -oed will to Mr. Morgan is in atlogetiier nj diff rent spirit from that part of his i letter to President Roosevelt reflecting upon the moti ves of the coal operators That letter showed such deep personal, feeling that it is surprising now to find him speaking so well of the man supposed by very many people to be the head of a <treat conspiracy of cap ital against labor. Mr. Mitchell, how ever, is in a position to be informed as to the facts, and when he says Mr. Morgan has been anxious for two months to have the strike settled, more on humane than on financial con sidera tions, he must speak from in formation. It quite accords with what we know of Mr. Morgan's unostenta tious but extensive charities which show that the millionaire has never lost touch of the common claims of humanity in spite of his vast ac cumulation of wealth. Furthermore. Mr. Morgan has never stooped to dis honest methods of business. The worst that can be said of him is that he has been a builder up of great corpora- ; tions, too treat, most people think, for the safety of the country. In other words, Mr. Morgan has taken advantage of the consolidation movement and placed himself at its head, though he did not begin it. '.!!.. has unequaled judgment as to finan cial, commercial and industrial devel opments, but he is not a creator of them Jike Mr. Rockefeller and Mr. Hill. What Mr. Mitchell has done in the unification of the mine work ers is as irreat fa task,"comparatively, as Mr. Morgan haseffeeted in his rail road, steel and shipping combinations. The laboi organizer has recognized a similar spirit in a different but closely j related field, for Mr. Mitchell is doubtlesss, too sensible nor to re cognize that capital and labor are not natural enemies. Capital, according to political economists, is simply stored upjlabor accumulated in tlc begin ning by then who have had self-denial enough ri' ;, to spend all the products of their toil. Without it there could be rio labor not i inmediately pro- ; ductive, for the workingman nuist j have subsistence while engaged in such j occupations as mining, whose products] require rime before they pass into the. j har is - J tie consumer. Tin- difficulty j Certainly a mutual understanding of each other will aid powerfully in ar riving nt a solution of the problems in which all labor and all capital are in terested. Courier-Journal. UNITED STATES MOST PAY DAMAGES. King Oscar Decides Case Grow ing Gui of Samoan Rebellion. Washington, Oct. 22.-An intimation has been received here that King Oscar of Sweden, who is acting as the arbi trator of the issues between the Unit ed States, Germany and Great Britain growing out of the Samoan rebellion of 1S99, will decide that the facts presented to him in the briefs of counsel which have been pending for nearly a year warrant him in proceed ing to assess the damages sustained by foreign residents of Samoa as a result of the landing of a combined force of American and British sailors and marines and the destruction of property incident to the ensuing fight with the rebels. By the terms of the treaty un der which the three powers agreed to submit these claims to arbitration, the arbitrator was first to declare whether or not the Americans and British were at all liable for damages, and if so then he was to determine the amount of that liability. He has, it is under stood, concluded to decide the first question in the affirmative. The next step is to fix the amount of the dam ages, and this must be done by King Oscar upon the basis of the facts now to be presented by the representatives of the governments concerned. The German claims are far larger than the others, amounting to 8103,918, while the American claims are 877,605 and the British only 86,285. It is not the amount of money involved in this approaching decision of the arbitrator that concerns the government of the United Stares, but rather the enuncia tion of a principio whic h if accepted as a precedent would be most unpalata ble, and would so seriously restrict the assertion of American rights in foreign countries in case of revolution or riot ing jeopardizing the lives and property of our citizens, that it would amount to the total withdrawal Of protection. This can never be admitted and so it may be positively stated, that while the United States government will accept the arbitration loyally and pay any damages assessed against ir it will ut terly refuse to be bound, liv suer1, a principle or to recognize 'ir as estab lishing a precedent. Otherwise the United States government could be held liable for enormous damages in cases where it lands troops upon the isthmus of Panama resulting in a col lision with rioters or rebels, even though the government is solemnly Bound by treaty to preserve frc" traffic across rae isthmus. The United States cci f'not land marines in any cf the West Indian or Centrai and South American ports in any emergency with, out risking liability for .heavy flam ages. These considerations will lead: to rae declination to recognize thc dc j cisi n as a precedent, and incidentally Washington. Oct. j'1.- The annual report of the Commissioner of Educa tion, just 'submitted to the Secretary of the Interior, shows that the grand rota! of pupils in schools elementary, secondary and higher, both public and private, in the United States for the year ended June 30, 190.1, was 17, 299,230, an increase of 27$, 520 pupils over the previous year. Of this num ber the enrollment of pupils in institu tions supported by general and local taxes furnished by States and munici palities were 15,710,394. as'against 15,443,462, the number reported* for the previous year. Adding the enroll ment in special schools to that for general education the aggregate is something over 17,750,000. The value of property used for public school purposes has risen to 8576,963, 0S9 from 8130,380,008 in 1870, and the expendirures for the common schools, including elementary and secondary schools, bur excluding ail institutions for higher education, amounted to 8226,043,230, having risen to this sum from 863,396,666 in ls70. In ls70 the expenditure for schools per capita of the population was 81.64. The past year it was 'X) per capita of the popultion. the highest that it has ever been. Thc average attendance of each pupil for the entire number enrolled was ninety-nine days for the year, an increase of twenty-tour days over the previous year. Oliver Wendell Holmes the Associate Justice of the United States Supreme j Court, will nor rake his seat Ton the bench unril his nomination shall have j been sent to the Senate and confirmed by that body, This is in consonance with a custom which lias prevailed since 1795. In that year doini Rut ledge, of South Carolina, was appoint ed Chief .Justice in place of doha Hay and sat in Court at the August term that same year. In December the Senate rejected his nomination. Oliver Kilsworth was then nominated and confirmed. Never .-ince that episode has a .Justice of the. Supreme Court taken his seat before being confirmed. A Typical Sont ii African Store absoliitel) cured ly Chamberlain Cough j Remedy. This must surely be a record."' i Tor sale by Dr. J. A. China. CARNEGIE POINTS WfiY TO PEAGE. He Urges Formation United States of Europe to Eliminate Neces sity For Armament. Sr. Andrews. Scotland. Oct. 22. Andrew Carnegie was today formally ruin stated as rector of St. Andrews univeristy, in the presence of a large and brilliant assemblage, over which Principal Donaldsen presided. Mr. Carnegie's rectorial address con sisted of a lengthy study of the com parative growth of nations in the paths of industrial ascendancy, with a strik ing commentary on their future. In his speech, which was replete with notable statistics and important economic prophecies, perhaps the most remarkable feature was an appeal to Emperior William to use his influence toward the eventual creation cf the United States of Europe, under the form of a political and industrial union. In this way alone, Mr. Car negie declared, can Europe conquer the foreign markets or repel the American invasion. France, Germany and Russia, who had already taken joint action against Japan, would suffice to ensure as satifactory union in Europe. "The czar," he continued, "having taken the first step toward the peace of the world in The Hague confer ence, the other mighty emperor might some day be impressed with the thought that it is due to himself and to Germany to play a great part upon the wider stage of Europe, as her de liverer from the incubus which op presses and weakens her the appalling, paralyzing fear of war and ruin be tween members of her own body." ~ Dealing with the events which caus ed the industrial supremacy "once yours but now passed to your lineal descendants, who bears the industrial crown."" Mr. Carnegie maintained that it was a physical impossibility for Great Britain to produce material things rivalling in amount those of countries the size of gAmerica, Ger many and Russia, nor would a union of tie* empire change the situation, for "neither Canada nor Australlia gave premise of much increase in population or industrialism. All thought of material ascendancy even with the British empire united must therefore br- abandoned." Mr. Carneige spared his Scotch audience no details. "America," he said, "now makes more steel than all the rest of the world. In iron and coal her production is greatest and it is also so in textiles. She produces three-quarters of the world's cotton. The value Of her manufacturers is about triple that of your own. Her exports are greater and tne clearing house exchanges at New York nre al ru . ne Sin ui brotiier. ir was at r. c< train church meeting, and the good bishop was calling for reports, lie had a rather stern, sharp manner which sometimes jarred a little on th nerves of the more timid. By and-by he came ro Brother B.", a lay delegate. "Brother B. what is the spiritual condition of your church?* ' demanded the bishop, briskly. "I consider it good," said the brother. " What makes you think it is good?" went on the bishop. "Well, the people are religions. Thats' what makes me think so." "What do you call religious? Do they have family prayer?" "Some of them do and some do not.? ' "Do you mean to say that a man ! may be a Christian, and net hold family prayer?" " Ves. sir : I think so." "Do you hold family prayer*:" "Ves, sir" returned the brother, quietly. "Arid yet you think a man mr.y be a Christian and uer hold family prayer?" " I .have a brother who is a better man than I am who does not hold family prayer. " "What makes you think he is a better man than you are?" "Everybody says so, and L Know he is." . *Whv does not your brother, if he is such'a good man, hold family pray er?'" thundered the bishop. "He lias no family." meekly answer ed the brother.- A. J. !>., in Harper's. Chicago, Ocr. 51. By a fire which broke our shortly before midnight in rho plant of the Glucose Sugar Re nnerv, situated ar Taylor street and the Chicago river, that factory was al most entirely destroyed, and it is said "JO men lost their lives. The j number of dead has not been establish ed, as vet. but it is known that the men were 'in the building and al! were working on the seventh floor. Tlc Hames spread so ra pi hiv that a man who was working on the third door had barelv tiino to escape with iris lite and ir is not thought bv thc emploves of the c..neem <<r bv tile firemen that tic men in tlc upper story could have i > auyi ung. have ned in strength ai . .o hard work." They give vig health and new life to weak, sickly, down people. Try them, < ml y .Vc F. W. DeLorme's drug store. m eat ai ci: orous run at .1. TMM sumt?s watchman, Eetebi?Bhed April, iS O. "Be Just and Fear not?Let all the Ends thon Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." the true socthbon. Established jone. 2 s68 Cosolidated Aug. 2,1881. SUMTER. S. G.. WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 29, 1902. New Series?Yol. XXII. No. 13