The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, April 25, 1900, Image 2
? Statesman's Prot est
Against Imperialism.
Masterly Argument by Mas
sachusets' Senior Senator.
SOLEMN WARNING TO HIS
PARTY.
Washington, April IT -For more
than three hoars today Mr Hoar, the
senior senator for Massachusetts, oe*
copied the attention of the senate
with a speech in opposition to the
policy of "imperialism." upon which
he maintained, this government had
embarked. As prepared, the address
was 00,00*) words in length, bat Mr
Hoar omitted mach of it owing to
an incipient aitack of grip from
which ha was suffering.
The speech was brilliantly written,
was illuminated with splendid rhetor?
ical figures and was rich with
citations from history. One of the
notable parts of the address was the
eulogy of Aguinaldo. Mr Hoar did
. not liken the insurgent leader to
Washington, as has been done here?
tofore, bot to Kossuth, Oom Paul,
Joubert, Nathan Hale add other
builders of the church of liberty. In
statecraft he likened Aguinaldo and
his associates in the leadership of the
Filipinos to the best minds ever pro
doced in the Asiatic race which
handed dowo to os "the Scriptures
of the Old and New Testaments, the
poetry of Solomon and the profound
philosophy of Paul "
One of the most effective parts of
his address was his fancied roll call
of some of the distinguished states
men of the United States on the
question of the retention of the
Philippines. He began with George
Washington and closed with Wm.
McKinley, each in a sentence giving
the reason for his vote Every vote
was in the negative, except that the
Aaron Eurr, who voted *,ye8.?, and
explained : "You are repeating my |
buccaneering expedition down the
Mississippi. I am to be vindica?
ted at last. When the name of Wm
McKinley was called, he replied :
"There has been a cloud before my
vision for a moment, but I see clearly
now ; I go back to what I said two
years ago : 'Forcible annexation is
criminal aggression ; governments j
derive their jost powers from the
consent of the governed, not of some
of them, bat of ail of them. I wiil
stand with the fathers of the repub
lie. I will stand with the founders
of the Republicad party. No
The effect was dramatic As Mr
Hoar pronounced his peoration the
stillness in the chamber was intense
Applause swept over the galleries,
bot it was hashed quickly by the
president pro tempore.
Mr Hoar took as his text the
Beveridge resolution declaring the
Philippines United States terri
tory He cited the giory of the
war with Spain, the prosperity of the
American people at its close, eologiz
ed President McKinley's coarse at
that time, characterizing him as the
beet beloved president who ever eat
in the ?chair of Washington. He
begged the republican party not to
recede from tts principles and said
if, "when we made the peace treaty,
we had adhered to the parp?se we
declared when we declared war; if
we had dealt with the Philippine isl
ands as we promised to deal, have
dealt, and expect to deal with Coba,
the country would have escaped the
loss of 6,000 brave soldiers, other
thousands of wrecked and shattered
lives, the sickness of maoy more, the
expenditure of hundreds of millions
and, what is far worse than all, the
trampling under foot of its cherished
ideals
??I do not expect to accomplish
anything for liberty in the Philippine
islands but through the Republican
party ; but upon it the fate of these
islands for years to come is to
depend I carino: look with favor
upon Mr Bryan ia an alternative
'i believe thai not oaly perseverance
in the present policy wilt be the aban?
donment of the principies upoo which
our soverooaeiit ta founded, that it will
chanptf oar republic iot^. an empire,
that oar methods Gf legislation, o?
diplomacy. '?f admioisna'ioo must
herarter be those which belong to
empires and oo'. cho^e which beloog to
republics ; but I believe persistance io
thts bt:etupt will r-salt m ?he defeat
and overt?.-ow of the Republican
party r
Touching upon tee constitutionality
of mc question a: issue, Mr Hoar s*id :
bold thar this acquisition of terri
tory, holding and governing can be
only a meaoa for a coosttt a tiona I etd
And I maintain that you can no more
hold and govern territory than you can
bcid and manage cannons or fleet3 fer
any other than a constitutional end ,:
Adverting to the authority to te
found io the declaration of independ?
ence, Mr Hoar declared : "There is
expansion eoough in it, but is is the
expansion of freedom and cot of des?
potism ; of life, not cf death. Never
was such growth in all human history
as that from tho seed Thomas Jefferson
planted. It has covered the continent.
Is is on both the seas. It has saved
South America. It is revolutionizing
Earope. It is the expansion of free?
dom. Itt dii?fera from your tinsel,
pinchbeck, pewter expansion a9 the
growth of a healthy youth into a strong
maa differs from the expansion cf an
anaconda wheo be swallows bis victim.
Oars is the expansion of Thomas Jef?
ferson. Yours is the expansion of
Aaroo Barr Ic is destined to as abort
a life and to a like fate.
"You have, tried governing men of
other races than your own at home fora
bandred years. You have dealt with
tho Indian, you have dealt with the
negro, close at band, knowing all
boat (hem. I suppose yoa feel en?
couraged by your success. There are
10,000,000 of them. And now you
go forth to lay your yoke on 10,000,
000, more 7,000 miles away, of whom
yoa know nothing. Yoa go forth
jauntily and boastiogiy, as Louis Napo
leao went to meet his doom at Sedan."
Mr Hoar reviewed the rebellion aod
! mads a vigorous defeose of the Fth
I pinos. The State papers of Aguinaldo,
be said, the discussion of the law of J
nations of bis attoroey geoeral, Maba
01*8 masterly appeal, are the products
of the Asiatic mind. The senator
fully justified the Filipinos' action in
resisting the American force
As to what be would do with the
Philippines, Mr Hoar said :
'.Declare now that we will cot take
the islands to govern them against
their will
"Reject a cession of sovereignty
whiob implies that sovereignty may be
bought and sold and delivered without
the consent of the people
"Require all foreign government to
keep oat of these islands
*?Off?r the Filipioos oar help in
maintaining order until they have a
reasonable opportunity to establish a
government of their own.
"Aid them by advice, if they desire
it, to set up a free and independent
government
"lovite all the great powers of Eu?
rope to unite in an agreement that their
independence shall not be interferrcd
with.
"Declare that the United States will
enforce the same doctrine as applicable
to the Philippines that we declared as
to Mexico and Haiti and the South
American republics.
"Then, in a not distant future, leave
them to work out their own salvation, j
as every nation on earth, from the
beginning of timo, has wrought out its
own salvation "
A resolution offered by Mr Tillman,
of South Carolina, was agreed to. lt di?
rects the secretary of the treasury to
adjust the accounts betweeo the United
States and South Carolina and report
what amount will be due the State of
Soath Carolina June 30, 1900
Reunion of Special Interest.
The Louisville correspondent of the
News and Courier, in writing of mat?
ters pertaining to the reunion of the
Confederate veterans next mooth, gives
the following relative to a special meet?
ing between Federals and Confederates :
While the Confederate reunion com?
mittees are arranging for the big
r?union of ali Confederates who will
come to Louisville ic May, various
individuals are arranging for minor
reunions of special parties. Several
blue and grey reunions will be held,
amoDg wbiob is ooe that is of especial
interest to Soath Carolinians. It is the
meeting of tba Palmetto Sharpshooters
and the 16th Michigan. These two
regiments, fought each other at Gaines's
Mill, OD Jone 27, 1862
The following letter from Col James
A Hoyt, addressed to Major Thomas
D Osborne, chairman of the printing
committee, ia self-explanatory :
"Greenville, S C . April 4. 1900.
"Mr Thomas D' Osborne, Louisville,
Ky. Dear Sir and Brother : I am
plaoniog for a speoial reunion of the
Palmetto Sharpshooters and the 16th
Michigan regiment, who fought with
each other at Gaines's Mill on the 27th
of Juoe, 1862. aod hope that quite a
Dumber of each regiment will be pres?
ent If feasible I wish to arraoge a
place of meetiog oo ao evening that
may be agreed upon, wheo we cao
have the camp fires lighted again and
both sides cao be heard from in amity.
Possibly we might waot a banquet or
something to eat just as a starting point
for getting together. The assembly
may be very small, not over a bocdred
io any event, I would suppose I zm
io correspondence with rome officers of
the Michigao regiment, aod oao let
you know hereafter as to the prospect.
I weald like to have you co-operate io
making the necessary arrangements,
which is a great deal to ask of you.
But I would presumo upon "auld
acquaintance !*'
I ought to say that the two regiments
faced each other at Gaioes's Mill, apart
from the o'her troops, aod that the
Palmetto Sharpshooters stacked aras
in front of tie 16tb Michigao at
Appomattox; when they surrendered io
I 1865. Very truly yours,
James A. Hoyt.
.
I Major Osborne will attend to tho
j matter for Col Hoyt at this end, and
j be says he will do all he can to make
\ the reunion of these two regiments
j pleasant for ail who come. M*jor
j Osborne is a member of thc staff ot
j the Courier Journal, and be attends
\ to the advertising part of the big affair
that is to be "pulled off*7 io Louisville
io May June. He says that the
reunion <>f the Palmetto Sharpshooters
and thc 16:h Michigao regiment wiil
be, perhaps, one of tho most notable
of the minor reunions that are to be
held.
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Student Geologists Maks au
Interesting Trip.
The ciase in geology at the South
Carolina college, under Dr Glenn,
takes from time to time excursions
into the field to study in a practical
way the geology and physiograghy
of the region around Columbia
Special rates nave been secured from
the railroads for these trips and last
Saturday the class spent the day
studying parts of Richland, Orange
burs: and Sumter counties
The early Charleston train was
taken to Congaree,where the first stop
was made To the right there tow
wered near by the almost precipitous
yet well wooded bluffs that rise near?
ly 150 feet above the river swamp
and overlooked for miles the Conga
ree which in numerous places is seen
to be cutting the bluffs away and
carrying the materials down stream
to deposit them in the swamp lower
down or carry them to the sea to be
dropped near its mouth and build
up deposits that may some day be
lifted above the waves and joined to
the seaward margin of our State as
new-born land.
A few hundred yards up the track
the the railroad cuts across the nose
of a bili and in this cut the class
found a good section for study
Rising into view near one end,
reaching a considerable height of
sight toward the other end of the
cut was seen a formation to which
geologists have given the name Po?
tomac. It is made up of beds of
coarse mealy-looking sand separated
by beds of tough, compact clays
often times brilliantly colored : Into
these beds of sand abundant water
enters where they are exposod as in
this ca6e st the surface of the
ground. These beds lie on the
granite or other ancient rocks and
sink further beneath the surface as
they go toward the sea so that
while they are found in Orangeburg
at the surface several hundred feet
above the 6ea, they are reached in
the Charleston artesian wells
at nearly 2,000 feet beneath
sea level Their position and I
character are of great importance
to the people of aii ihe low country,
since their sandy strata are water
bearing and when bored into give
artesian wells
In thia cut there rested on the Po?
tomac some feet of red sands to
which the name Lafayette is given
This usually reddish, and usually
sandy formation forms the surface of
a large part of thc low country of
South Carolina and is spread over
the underlying formations in a thin
sheet that wraps both hill and valley
If this thin veneer could be stripped
off the low country the surface with
its hills and valleys along and near
the rivers would not be much differ
ent from what it ie now
Along the line separating the Po
tomac and the Lafayette were found
many well roauded quartz pebbles
usually cemented by iron into a
ernst of ironstone With these peb?
bles were found numerous partly
rounded masses composed ot innum?
erable small shelis and shell frag
ments These shelis belong to
species that lived only during Eocene
time and show that when the sea
rolled inward over the low country
at the beginning of Lafayette time,
the waves along the shore beat
against Eocene shell limestone some?
where near this spot and tore off
fragments to roll and round in the
surf and deposit with the sands form?
ing the Lafayette Thus in imagina?
tion one catches a glimpse of the
breakers of the sea of that distant
time and hears them thunder as they
break along the shore
The class climbed from this point
to the top of the hill to blend the his
torie with the scientific in visiting
the site of Ft Motte of Revolutionary
fame The mound thrown up by
Marion and Lee when besieging it,
was seen and on the crest of the hill
a small pile of brick and stone alone
mark the site of the chimney of Mrs
Motte's house around which the
British fort was built-a fit site for a
memorial shaft.
From this point a magnificent view
Wu8 bad up and down the Congaree
and across in Sumter. The line of
bold hills overlooking the Congaree
on tlie Orangeburg side were seen to
form a steep valley wall, while the !
othe; side of the valley is fonnd to
be over in Richland county north of
the Coast Line railroad, where a line
of hills can be traced eastward to
ward the VVateree. Ordinarily our
people do not think of these as val?
ley sides or walls and yet they are
really so, and the river swamp and
the level region in lower Richland
across which the Coast Line and
j Southern railways run and which are
j dotted with houses and fertile farm j
j lands are really in the valley of the I
j Congaree. Long ago the river flow
i ed near tho northern side of ita val- '
! lay, but then ns now it kept cutting ?
j its southern or right hand bank away
; and so graduaiiy shifted its bed
! southward eating away its southern j
I valley Wilt J before it as it went This
procer is still going on and the river
j is still widening its southern valley ;
: side The northern si-Je of its val- i
j ley han been deserted so long that !
I tue traces thal now remain to tell the 1
story o? the river's past history are |
BO faint that they ordinarily escape
detection. As the river shifted south?
ward it cut deeper and deeper so
that the floor of the old valley slopes
to the southward
The bili* were seen to be doe to
email branches from tho river, Use
branches from a tree, growing baok'
ward into the oountry, formiog the
valley walls by gnawing away op at
their heads and thus lengthening them?
selves jost as a hillside grows up hill.
IQ this way they have growo backward
from thc river a number of miles and
have easen out valleys for themselves
as well as put out their owo little side
streams, thus cuttiog up tho couotry
aloog the valley wall into a series ot
bills. By goiog back some miles from !
the river the headwaters of the side
streams are reached, aod the surface,
no longer deeply trenched by these side
stream valleys, becomes muob more
level.
On their way back to the train the
party searched for but were uoable to
fiod in the few minutes left them a
natural break koowo as the devil's
footprint, an impression io a stone- oo
the bluff said to resemble the price of a
club foot and to have been made by bis
majesty io steppiog from the Oraoge
burg side of tho valby wall to the
eastern wall of the Wateree valley io
the high hills of Sumter
The traio was taken for Sumter
Junction io the eastern edge of the
Wateree 6wamp. A few minutes walk
took the oarty to a high bluff where the
railroad, in leaviog the Wateree swamp,
cuts slightly into the eastern valley
wall Herc the Potomac formation was
agaio seen magnificently exposed, and
on it rested a few feet of red Lafayette
sands. In the Potomac at this point
are found beautifully preserved plant
leaves. It is noted as the only locality
so far BS is known from which coilec- J
ti ons of plant fossils have beeo made j
io South Carolina They were discov?
ered some years ago and a collection
has sioce been made for the national
museum io Washington. They tell of
a time in the distant past when the
streams carried ioto the lagoons or
shallow fre^h or brackish waters then
covering ibu regioo the leaves of the
trees and plaots that grew aloog their
banks, where they settled to the bo'tom,
were buried io the fine mud and have
left the impress of even their most
delicate markings as the mud hardened
ioto stone. From their study one looks
far back ioto the geologic past and joins
a knowledge of the flora of the Potomac
time and of the climate that theo pre?
vailed ; both are thu? shown to be
different from what we have here today.
After lunch and a tramp of about
four miles the das? reached the deep
cut just west of Wedgefield. At the
base the Potomac was again found, and
on the surface the Lafayette, but
betweeo them wete fouod some other
formations that bad oot beeo seen pre?
viously. The Potomac is the oldest of
the formations of tbe coastal plain ; the
Lafayette is among the youngest
These other formations aro of interme?
diate age and so were laid dowo co the
Potomac and before rhe Lafayette, but
if they had ever existed at the other
plaoes examined by the class tbey bad
been entirely worn away. The two
lowest of them were dark colored, one
of fio? black clay, the other partly of
green sand
They probably beloog to tbe marine
oretaoious, while the next bed resting
on them is a peculiarly light cream
colored clay containing numerous oasts
of shells that show it to be probably of
Eocene age. Both the dark aod the
light materials prove that in the long
ago, when tbey were formed, old ooean
rolled it waves where they now rest
and fish and other marioe animals
sported in its waters and, dying, left
their shells as memorials of their
existence.
Ooly a basty examination was made
here before tbe party bad to begio the
tramp baok to Camden Juoofioo, where
the afternoon train was taken for Co?
lumbia -The State, April 19
The Atlantic Coast Line.
Virginia Stockholds Ratify
Action of tbe Directors.
New Officers.
Richmond, Vs., April 19-The
stockholders of the Atlaotio Coast Line
of Virginia met this afternoon and rati?
fied the aotion taken by the board of
directors at the meeting at Baltimore
yesterday, which was to consolidate the
various lines, save the Richmond,
Fredericksburg and Potomac, compos
iog the system, and to ohange the
name to the Atlaotio Coast Line Rail?
road coropaoy.
Tbe electioo of officers resulted :
W G Elliott, formerly president of
the Wihoiogton and Weldon railroad,
president.
H. Walters, president of the Atlantio
Coast Line of Connecticut, first vice
president.
Alexander Hamilton, former presi?
dent of tho Atlantic Coast Line of
Virginia, second vice president.
C. S. Gadsden, former president of
the Atlantic Coast Line of South Caro?
lina, third vice president.
Thc number of directors was in
creased to 12
In order to become final this action
wili have to be ratified by the com?
panies of thc system south of herc sod
for thal; purposo meetings will be held
Friday and Saturday.
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Feb 14-12c
FIRST NATIONAL BINK OF
SUMTER,
STATE, CITY AND COUNTY DE- ;
POS1TORY, SUMTER, S. C.
Paid ap Capita].$ 75,000 CO I
Surplus aod Profita - - - - 25,000 00!
Additional Liability rf Stock?
holders in excels of their
stock. 75,000 00 J
-I
Total protection to depositors, SI75.000 00 j
Trsosacts a General Banking BuetotSS.
Spcctal attention ?iven to collections.
-j
SWINGS DEP A RTM EN T.
Deposits ot Si ,lr,,l upwards ifci'ived. Ia
terf-st allowed at the rat.' or 4 per cent, per j
annum, on amounts above $5 uno1 not exceed- j
inp $300, payable quarterly, on first days of
Januarv, April, Julv and October.
Ii M. WALLACE,
L. S. CARSON, President.
Cashier.
Notice of Reptation
The State of Sooth Carolioa-Sumter Coun?
ty-Office of Supervisors of Registration,
Sumter County, Sumter, S. C., February
1st, 1899.
Notice is hereby giveo that in accordance
with ao Act of the General Assembly, and tn
conformity with the requirements of the State
Coo8titutioo, the books for the registration
of all legally qualified voters, aod for the
issuing of transfers, e'c,, will be opeo at the
i office of Supervisera of Registration io the
court house, between the hours of 9 o'clock
j a. m . and 3 o'clock p. m., on the tirstMon
I day of each mooth, uotil thirty days before
I the oezt general electioo. Minors who sbail
become of age during that period of thirty
days shall be eotitled to registration before
the books are closed, if otherwise qualified.
Tbe requirements tor a qualified voter a.<5
that the applicant for registration shall be
able to read and write correctly, or possess
in his own name property to the amount of
toree hundred dollars, upon which be pays
taxes. E. F. BURROWS,
T. D. DuBOSE,
J. M. KNIGHT,
Supervisors of R?gistratioo Sumter Co.
Mch 1
THE BANK OF SUMTER,
SUMTER, S. C.
City and County Depositary
Capital stock paid in, . . $75,000 00
Undivided surplus, . . 16,000 00
Individual liability cf stockholders
in excess of their stock, . 75,000 00
Transsets a genera', hanking business ; aiso
has a Savings Bank Department. Deposits of
?1 and upward received. Interest allowed aj
me rate ot 4 ?er cen:, per annum, payable
sera i-annually.
VF. F. B. HAYNSWORTH, President.
MARION MOISE, W. F. RHAMB,
Vice-Presiden:. Cashier.
Jan 31.