Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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^ _:_?----_,_ THE SUMTER WATCHKAN, Kttabiirbed Apr?, 1850? "Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TKCE SODTHKOM, Established jone. 136 Consolidated Aog. 2,1881. SUMTER, S. C.. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 23, 1897. New Series-Vol. XYI. Xo. 46 C?e Matr?jnuw anil Jktu??jnw. PublisJisd Every Wednesday, -BT N\ Gr. Osteon, SUMTER, S. C. TSR3?S.I ?1 50 pe? an nam-ic advance. ADTISIISSMEKT: One Square first insertion....$1 00 Every subsequent insertion... 50 Contracta for three months, or longer will bi made st reduced rates. AU communications which aabserve private interests will be charged foras adver* ?raents. Obituaries and tributes of respects will be : charged for. WHITE OPERATIVES. May Attack Negroes in Char? leston Cotton Mill. Special to The State. Charleston, Jane 16-The white operatives who formerly worked in the Charleston cotton mitt before the recent reorganization, have not yet become reconciled to their displace mer t by negro labor. There are about 300 white operatives, who bavo been in the city ever a?n?e the mill shut down last fail, who are out of employment and absolutely without & means of subsistence. They are skilled opera? tives and are 6t for no other vocation in life. The determination of the new management not to give em , ploy ment to these operatives, who are without the necessary means of leaving the city and seeking work elsewhere, naturally excites them, and th? strained relations which are now existing between these people s nd the negro operatives should not be wondered at Since the mills resumed operation, it has been necessary to keep a detail . of police officers in the vicinity of the m ??ls to preserve the peace. The wh'te operatives continue to threaten tibe ^negroes, and even the owners of the mill and the property Itself, that troubl? of s ome kind is liable to. break ont at any time. This state of affairs ?IF not destined to give the new management any peace of mind They wish to continue the employ? ment of the negroes at one-third the rate formerly paid to the white opera? tives and reap the consequent profits, bot the attendant danger of violence on the part of the operatives makes the experiment one of great risk and a source of much alarm to the man? agement. The operatives recently presented a communication to the local news? papers, which was refused, as are many matters relating to the employ? ment and the substitution of negro labor for white. The operatives are determined to present their cause to the public, and thia afternoon the operatives are distributing the letter in the form of bills about the streets. They are hung in the street cars and at different public places The af? fair has created something of a sensa? tion. The letter is caustic, to say the least of it, and furnishes interest? ing reading Mill ? ? 111 Charleston Cotton Mill Trouble. THE CIRCULAR OP THE WHITE OPERATIVES. To The Opzratives of tJie Statz-at Isirgi and Citizens of Charleston : lu every tow? and city of the South where the hum of the great industrious wheel ts heard and the cotton yarn spun, unparalleled iodination exists against the Monied aod Negro Minister combinations io their conspiracy to destroy white labor ia the South and cripple it in &H parts of the Union, abd because we have ; been sever io censuring the perpetra tors of this diabolical scheme our com? munication bas been styled incendiary ? -aod indecent, and refused publication by two journals of this city. This, and cot its scholarly defects, is th? cause of tts appearing before you in this isolate manner. We are as determined to be heard as we are determined to oppose negro en? croachment upon the ooly pursuit left to needy white women aod children. MAST OPERATIVER NEGROES IN THE COTTON MILLS. - . ! Opening of the Charletton Cotton Mills -Female Operatives Indina nt Negroes a Curse-Social Rights Claimed. Mr. Editor : A few day? ago the old familiar white that has been silent so long broke the industr?eos lethargy that bas prevailed for many months in this beautiful part of our etty/ lt awaken ed many from a tired and enforced in? dulgence, io idleness but in? stead of joy and gladness it brought sadness and tears to the cheeks of a large and respectable por? tion of our community It sounded the death knell to ali their hopes and patient waiting ; it strack not their ears as the harbinger of the peace, prosperity and better days they were looking longingly for and praying to com^, bot as the advance signal of con? tinued inactivity and want. Some ?bad applied and been refused employaient becaose their complexion : clearly indicated they were not tinged with negro blood. Still they could not realize that evidences of amalgamation and not long years of experience were prerqeaisite to procure employment in the iately revised Charleston miiK Bat doubt was dispelled and troth flash? ed over their minds as they watched the negroes move in the direction of the mills Seething contempt for the propagators of this diabolical con? spiracy against white labor of the south fired the cheeks, dried the eyes and filled femioioe hearts with indigna? tion t and bad their voices been equal to the mill's blast, Mr. Witte would have quaked upon bis laxarioasteoaob of ease, and sworn by all hts gods nothing is less desirable than a mongrel cotton mill presidency; Indeed, the unexpected bas happen? ed. - -Who could read the history of Charleston and predict she would bo the first city of the western world to pro* dace s negro-loving cotton mill presi? dent : the fire to issue a manifesto de? claring it to be bondholders7 parp?se to mix whites and blacks in southern mills ; the 6rsi ic repudiate social dis Unction io labor and subject the you ng, beautiful attd innocent of oar southland, on whom fortune has not smiled, to competios for bread at the side of the uncouth Africans, whose great physical powers adapt them for more arduous and equally needy pursuits Oar objection, as operatives, to ad? mitting colored people to the textile in? dustries is aa admission of their capa? bility to become skilled operatives If, as some say, they are incapale of ac? quiring the knowledge necsssary io tbis branch, then we operatives have no;li? ing to apprehend, bat it is oar opinion they ? are as susceptible here as else? where, and it is well known io every craft where they have acquired knowl? edge that deterioration of wages set io. For this reason, bondholders are will? ing to spend $40,000 or $50,000 for educating them, claiming ic to be an investment certain to yield large divi? dends. It is currently reported that Superin? tendent Hayden entered into a contract with the mill com? pany to furnish them 300 thoroughly efficient colored operatives in one year, or forfeit all claims against the company, bat if he succeeds is to have $8 per day and a bonus of ?5, 000 for his year's services. In addi? tion to other expenses this seems to be a fabulous sum. But it is reasoned among- them, by distribution, this 300 can equip 3.000 or more at less than it took to pre? pare the first 300, and in three years southern cotton mill stocks will be quoted at doable their present value. Increased stock means impoverishment of help. Creator of paupers that must sooner or later fall to public charge. This is no philanthropic movement, as the language of a city journal indi? cates, and "gives these poor people a chance to live," but an effort on the part of capitalists^ curtail the opera? tives' scanty living by destroying their opportunities, as this negro horde has done in every other branch where they have gained footing. This is not our only nor most serious objection. And is it sufficient to call forth all our ener? gies in opposing it ; to call tb our aid all those who desire to 6eelour goath? land, and not a few individuals, pros? per, grow rich and fat under the impe? tus she has lately reoeived from Divine provision If the colored people's services are so invaluable, then Charleston, with every corner and crevice overflowing, should bc the princess of tbe western world. Clad io royal regalia, joy and mirth should be in evexy home, with tables groaning beneath their rich bur? dens and every appetite appeased from tbe cream of the world. But alas ! bow reversed-her best appearance is but cheap mourning and the hardest souffls is maintained at every door to prevent the wolf from entering. We are of the opinion the negro's knowledge of the crafts bas been the cause of northern capitalists securing in this city such a large amount of work for so small an outlay of money. To tbe casual onlooker the whirl and din indicated prosperity, but the thought? ful observer could not divine it. He saw by the multitude of negroes em? ployed that the city was losing frorn 50 to 75 cents per day on each laborer furnished, and distant cities gaining the amount on construction that would soon be complete, and for years to come yield a surplus to be transported. Dividend payen?, indeed ! . Impover? ishing their own city, their own homes and enriching others. To the capital? ists they have been of great advantage ; to the cocamcoity a great carse So j will ic bp io the south wheo they reach : the cotton mills. We claim an equal right with bond ; at d office holders in social objections. j Aside from competition and white su j premacy, social status is a stroog argu i raent against colored office holders. Not loog since while an eminent states? man of thc south was before McKioley, opposing OD social grounds the appoint? ment of a negro to the Augusta post office. Mr Witte was preparing a dec? laration of determinations that be would nor have dared to issue in any o?ber city of the Union, without first having bis valise packed and ticket por chased for parts unknown Proximity is the parent of social intercourse, which is longingly courted by the colored race, notwithstanding I ali that bas been said to the contrary, and where does it abound more than in cotton mills? Yet Mr. Witte proposes to put the blacks aod whites, male and female, side by side under one roof, thereby opening the doors to amalga? mation and bastardism, for matrimonial alliance is prohibited by law. If the present national administra? tion at whose disposal ?rP many prom? inent and desirable positions, should decide to give those of this city to its strongest and most, faithful supporters, none would be more vocif?rons io sounding the social alarm, maligning, condemning and in the most virulent manner holdiog the administration ap before the people for rebuke and vitu? peration, than this mongrel cotton mill advocate. Still, if every office at the President's disposal were filled by com? petent or incompetent colored men, it could not possibly he so disastrous to the peace, social aod financial condition of the city. If the colored man's status precludes him from competing with the officeholder it should preclude him from competing with our mothers, wives, sons and daughters in the light pursuits of the country, for here in a large proportion, is the milk from which the cream arises ; adulterate it and the impurities will be found io the cream and tasted in the butter. If, however, his services are of sncb intriosic value to the city's industries that he must be put in dangerous proximity with our maidens, or they deprived of opportu? nities for bis benefit, what consistent reason can be assigned for excluding him from official positions. If we loved our race less, and like money glutted foreigners and southern apos? tates, inclined to degrade caucasian blood, we would cheerfully support them for office. But as a hereditary right we claim for our race the first fruits of tho land and are determined to oppose all foreign socialists or south ernapostates whoattempttodeprive us of them. We affirm by ail our physicial powers and brave hearts not to sit su? pinely by and witDess this negro horde turned ioose upon the pursuits of our mothers, our wives, our widows, our daughters, our sisters, and rob them of their living. MAN; OPERATIVES. Take JOHNSON'S CHILL & FEVER TONIC. ^ "^odfev II-i ? ? PROP. NE WM AN APPLIES. Governor Ellerbe yesterday stated that so far he had but one appl?/- *.tion filed with him for the posit, i. of president of Clemson college made vacant by the resignation of Mr Craighead It comes from Prof. Newman, who has been much identi? fied with the college. Some of Mr. W. D. Mayfields friends seem to consider him the most available man for this position and appear sanguine of his election if he consents to stand ! for the position -June 12. Mayfield Wont Do. flo?. W. D Mayfield. State Super inteodent of Educatioo, bas been sog gested as the proper man to succeed President Craighead at Clemson Col? lege. Now we have no personal feel iog in the matter nor ii! will against Mr. Mayfield, but he is oot qualified for the position. Mr. Mayfield is not an educated mao, oot a graduate of aoy College, aod cao scarcely compose a correct grammatical sentence. This is not his fault, perhaps, but his misfor tuoe. A man to preside over an insti? tution of learning should be thoroughly educated in every sense of the word, aod when it comes to an institution like Clemsoo College be should Dot ooly j have a thorough education in a literary ; sense, but also a practical knowledge of j mechanic arts aod agriculture Such a i mao, we believe, wiil be hard to find. ! but the Board of Trustees is composed j of practical men aod no doubt will use i their best efforts to secure a (L3Q io \ every way qualified to fill the position ; of president.-Aoderson Intelligeocer. i --- ? Cine* Cifrar9 are made by a Srm with 47 j years' experience and a reputation for first j class goods ooij. Sold in Sumter exclusive ! ly by H. G. Oateen & Co. State Acts Positively wt __________________ Against the "Original Pack? age" Dealers. - The Register has for several days warned those who contemplated open? ing 4'original package," stores that it would be to their interest to wait awhile and see what was goiDg to turn up, and the advice being general? ly accepted, no one in Columbia has gotten in any trouble But the peo? ple who rushed oat at once into the business without thought are now in a pretty mees They are all liable to arrest and have their goods confis cated Governor Ellerbe yesterday deter? mined to bring the whole question to a head, and in a statement to the newspaper men he said : "I heard from a reliable source that F. M. SimB, of Greenville, had opened an "original package" store. I sent State Detective Newbold up there to look into the matter, to see if he was selling in accordance with the decision of Judge Simonlou. From a telegram received from him this morning he says that he found Simmons selling beer by the bottle and whiskey by the bottle. I immedi? ately wired Newbold to have bim arrested. Judge Simonton in bis de? cision did not say that a man could break open a crate of beer or a case of whiskey and sell it. Simmons was the agent of a dealer and of the manufacturer, and hence I ordered his arrest. "Assistant Attorney General Town? send was sent to Charleston to look into the 'original package7 business there, and as a result I ordered the arrest of Mr. J. S. Finkussohn and the confiscation of all of his liquors I have heard that he had not been appointed as agent of any manufact? urer, and I do not believe under the decision of Judge Simonton that goods could be stored in a warehouse and sold As I understand it, the decision allows aa agent to order goods and deliver them to the parties from the depot." 0 These two are test cases, but other dealers will be proceeded* against at once. Governor Ellerbe I was asked what would be the legal outcome of the whole matter, and he said that that the probabilities were that injune tiona would be asked for before the Circuit Court and that if granted and injunction was violated the guilty parties would be punished under section 22 of the Dispensary law the same under which the celebrated Shepherd case was brought in Colum? bia. lt was suggested that such a pro? cedure might bring the State and United States courts in collisionagaio, but the Governor thought that it would probably amount to compelling Judge Simonton to decide what his decision as to original packages real? ly was. The Attorney General stated that the arrested parties would very likely apply to Judge Simonton for a writ of habeas corpus, and that thus the whole issue would be brought up as to what is an original package The Governor and the Attorney General's position is succinctly stated as follows : That, alcoholic liquors cannot be stored in South Carolina for sale in this State. That the original package cannot be broken and its component quali? ties sold separately. That manufacturers only, and not dealers, can be represented in this State by agents That the Dispensary regulation must be obeyed by original package agents as well as by Dispensers. This is the position which they in? tend to maintain in the courts The liquors of Pinkussohn and Simmons were seized and confiscated, and unless something turns up to prevent they will soon be in storage in the State Dispensary. FROM CHARLESTON. The following was received by the Associated Press last night : Charleston, S. C , June 17.-The Dispensary law of South Carolina is to be brought before the courts once more. This afternoon J. S. Pinkus sohn's "original package'7 agency was seized by the State authorities, the proprietor taken before a magis? trate and his store closed up. This action is taken under Section 22 of tho Dispensary law, which declares that any place other than a State Dis? pensary in which liquors are sold shall be considered a public nuisance. It is probable that the case is made to test the validity of the "original package" decision, recently issued in ihe United States Courts. Pinkus sohn's agency was the first to be opened under the decision and it is evidently the intention of the State to attempt to break down the origi? nal package business which is rapid? ly springing up under the court's re? cent decree.-Register, Juue 18. m - ? ? . *? - Writing paper 15 cents a pound et H. 6. Osteen & Co's. South Carolina Towns. Every town, has some peculiar characteristic distinguishing it from others Some of the South Carolina towns are alike, but DO two are pre cisely similar. The air, the water, topography, the age, the na? tionality of the original set tiers and other circumstances unite in each town to produce a specific type of manhood and womanhood and of manners and customs. From personal observation, hearsay, and from reading their newspapers. The News purposes in this article to name a leading characteristic of some of the towns in South Carolina and when a point about one is mentioned that may not oe regarded as complimentary, it is not to be supposed that we do not know other characteristics that are strikingly creditable to it. If anybody takes offense, we shall in? stantly retract and apologize Here goes : Darlington is said to produce the best poker players in the State, with Edgefield a close seco rid. Darling? ton also produces a fine type of girl Laurens is the most unlevel place in South Carolina unless it is Chester The latter is also noted for its vine covered houses. Newberry is remarkable for its narrow streets and the habit of its population of coming-to the depots when the trains pass, to meet friends and bid them goodbye. Its pubhe square always appears to be crowded with people Everybody knows Colombia for her muddy water, the beauty of her wide streets and splendid trees. Anderson is the most prosperous and "solid'' business town in the State in proportion to the blowing about it. Anderson does not tell half enough about herself. Charleston's crowning glory is un? ostentatious hospitality. Charleston people are the most difficult people to arouse in the world and, once aroused, are the stubbornest fighters. Sumter is the prettiest town in the State south of Piedmont. It has a large Jewish element who are public spirited and progressive. Aiken is better known beyond the limits of-the State than any town in it except Charleston. Spartanburg has a reputation for the "pull together'7 of its people in business affairs and wealthy men. Walhalla is the only town in the State with a separately incorporated suburb divided from it by a quarter of a mile of unincorporated "coun? try" territory, lt ls the longest town iti the State. Lexington is the only town in the State supposed to be located on a railroad and is not-which a travel? er discovers when he leaves the train. Camden is in every way Charles? ton in miniature. There is even a mill pond at Camden which is as lovely on a small scale as the Charles? ton harbor. The Abbeville people are prouder of their town than any other people io South Carolina. An Abbeville man thinks it is better to have been born ia Abbeville than with a title backed up by a fortune. Clinton is celebrated for its good morals. Port Royal is the city of great ex? pectations just about to be realized. Ooe naturally thinks of Beaufort io connection with a few beautiful homes and numerous old maumas selling fish and oysters in small shops. Wincsboro is full of seceder?, Pres bytpriaos and education. Florence is distinctively the railroad town of tb? State-not that it has more railroads, but simply "a railroad air about it v Georgetown has shell?:, live oaks, his? tory and long names for streets, churches, streams and orgaoizations. We always think of Conway as though it were on another planet. Hamburg is the town of a prosper? ous past, a desolate present a?ad ap? parently no future whatever. Black River bream are the pride of Kingetree. Branchville is the oldest railroad centre in the whole world. The South Carolina Railroad was the Srst to have a junction, and it was at Branchville Ooe always associates Oraogeburg with the colored collegs, but they are a small fragment of the town, which is lively enough. Union is another place which, like Abbeville and Camden, is noted for charming hospitality. We know little of Marion, but I always think of it as a pretty town with pine trees and white sand. Cheraw is quaint and elderly io ap? pearance. It has more lawyers i'.hao any town in the State not a county seat.. Kock Hiil is famous for hustle. It is the best advertiser of ail the towns. Greenwood bas a multiplicity of rail? roads, and i$ a great place for tourna? ments and frolics of that character. Gaffney is a town that has grown into commercial importance while many people were cot aware of its existense. famous io newspaper circles ali over tbe country. Aod yet Yorkville is not as well koown as it should be. Edgefieid, town and county, pro? duces the most distinctive type io the State. Eigefield people have positive qualities, sometimes good and some? times bad. The practiced eye eau recognize the Eigefieldian instantly. Edgefieid is addicted to widebrimmed slouch hats and politics. And Greenville? Why, wheo the angels frem Heaven bless earth with a visit they stop in Greenville first, in order that the transition may not be too sadden.-The Greenville News. T?e Cause of Earthquakes. The cause of earthquakes has for cen? tories been a subject of con? jecture and investigation, bat so far no satisfactory explanation has been reach? ed by she scientists. In view of the recent seismic disturbance, the follow in gan en t earthquakes by Prof. Henry A. Rowland, of Jobos Hopkins Universi? ty, will be of interest: "Some assert that they are caused by waters of the sea pouring into crevi? ces io the earth's cruet aod thus coming into contact with the fiery elements io the earth's centre The result of this would be similar to gigantic boiler ex? plosions. "Other theorists hold that earthquakes are caused by the contraction of the earth's ernst. The earth is constantly cooling, and it is held that the outer ernst necessari? ly contracts. Scientists of to-day seem generally inclined to this latter theory. "No ooe cao predict the coming of ao earthquake nor why it is felt io cer? tain localities more than io others ex? cept apon the theory that disturbances in the ernst of the earth are denerally regional and the waves sent out die away after a time. These waves move more rapidly than sound and also have about the same horizontal velocity from a heavy as from a light quake. This velocity is somewhere io the neighbor I hood of a mile a second. There is ! really a very slight backward aod for? ward movement of the earth's surface. Snob a movemeot Of ao iocb would throw dowD oearly every building un? der which it passed. *'Earthquakes are more freqaent in volcanic countries because the earth's crust is thinner there, and not because of the presence of the volca? noes. The fact of volcanoes existing is a proof of the thinness of the earth's crust, in Japan, where earthquakes are of frequent occurrence, scientists have set themselves to study the pheno? mena. The seismograph, ao instru? ment especially designed fer the pur? pose, is much u?ed there It is little used io ?his country because a railroad train parsing within a mile and a half of is disturbs it. "The earthquake tremors felt here were no doubt caused by the contrac? tion of the earth's crust somewhere be? neath this section of the country." Johnson's Chill and Fe* ver Tonic is a ONE-DAY Cure. It cures the most stubborn case of Fever in 24 Hours. --.??"??. Princeton, N. J-, June 16 -The degree of LL. D. was conferred upen ex-President Cleveland by Princeton univtvsity. Stand a: the Head. Aug. J. Bogel, the lolling druggist of Shreve? port, La., says: "Dr. Wm. KingVNew Discov? ery is the only thing tbat*cares my cough, and ?it ii th- best seller I have." J. F. Campbell, of SafforJ, Ariz . writes: "Dr. King's New Dis? covery is all thetis c'aimed for it : it never fails, arr: is a sure cure for Consumption Coughs and CeUls. I cannot sr.y enough for its marks" Dr. King's New Discovery for Consumption, Coughs and Colds is not an ex? periment. It has bee*.i tried for a quarter of century, and to-day stands at the head. U never disappoints. Free trial bottles at Dr. J. J. F.W. De Lorme's Drug Store. 1 POWDER Absolutely Pure? Celebrated for lt3 great leavening strength 8nd healthfulness. Assures the food against alam and all forms of adulteration common to the cheap brands. Royal Baking Powder