Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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How Reform Leaders Will Anticipate the "Forty." Gen. Farley Gives His Views on the ?-Peace and Unity" Fea? ture of the- Coming Con? stitutional Conven? tion Fight. This week the campaign for the election of delegates to the State Constitutional Convention will open in dead earnest. At leas*, there ?8 going to be a great deal of talk and not a few suggestions as to the mat? ter. It will probably be the liveliest week since last November, politi? cally. The State some days ago gave the information, ou what was considered good authority, that the special meet? ing of the Irby State committee had been called for the purpose of dis cussiug and agreeing upon a plan to bring the white people of the State together on the matter of the Con? stitutional Convention, which plan was to be offered to the people and the option given them of either accepting or rejecting it. There now seems to be no further doubt as to this being the object of the meet? ing. The meeting will be held to? morrow So far as can be ascertained there is every reason to believe that the idea of having the committee consider the matter has originated with the big leaders of the party in power. It is denied that there is any desire on the part of the com? mittee to forestall the efforts of the "Forty'' in the same direction It is said that the committee desires to fojrmolate and present such a plan that the Fortv, when they hold their conference in March, ?arrogo ahead and adopt it. It is understood that the committee is arranging to have cer? tain mild Conservatives from various sections meet with them and consider the matter. Gen. Hugh L. Farley yesterday re? turned to the city from a^ trip to Charleston, Beaufort and other points, covering the largest portion of the State. He has all along been con? sidered a more conservative Re? former than many others The General was quite talkative yes? terday, when the Constitutional Convention t abject was broach? ed to him. He said he had had good opportunities for observing the sentiment of the people on the matter When asked for his diag? nosis of the political situation and his opinion as to the outlook for the Constitutional Convention, he had a good deal to say, which will be found of interest. Geueral Farley said: "Well you are aware of the fact that I am in hearty sympathy with the movement of the *'Forty" iu their effort to se cure a non-partisan constitutional con? vention, for I believe it is now a sort of'open secret*-as they sa}'-that I had something to do with it, as Ben Tillman said of the Shell manifesto, j I am very glad to say that 1 find a very strong feeling all over the State in favor of a harmonious and nonpar ; tisan convention, and in fact 1 have met no one who was in favor of any? thing else. Certainly no one of any I prominence has dared to take a stand against it, and our people generally seem to realize the fact that it is au ! important crisis in the history of the j State and that we have all to lose and nothing to gain in a bitter factional fight over the sending of delegates to j the Convention. The simple truth is that we cannot afford to have a bitter factional fight over this matter, be- ! cause it will not only be unwise, but1 it will be foolish and suicidal to do so. The sacred principle of white supre- ! macy and white civilization and good \ government, upon which ali white I people are, or ought to be, united, ? is unavoidably involved, and we must stand together. If we divide and appeal to the negro, as we are sure to do, if we do not harmonize our differences, it will mean anarchy, chaos and ruin, for it must be clear to ! every thinking mind that this con? vention will reunite and harmonize our people-who have a'ready ac? cepted all of the main results ot the ! Reform movement-or it will mark a permanent and irreconcilable divis? ion. The campaign must be a quiet, harmonious one, or a 'hell broke lose in Georgia' if you will excuse the ex? pression, leading to-no one knows where. Thank God, I see abundant signs of that reconciliation which ought to follow the success of the ! Reform movement and which, with a j good Constitution, should put the j State on the high road to peace, pro? gress and prosperity, with a grand future of education, wealth and a high Christian civilization-which means happiness before us/" "Do you think the call of the 'for? ty* will bring our people together?" "It is certainly/' Gen Farley re lied, "well meant,.is in the right 'rection, and I do not see how it eau any harm. It has been 6tated on authority that the State Demo pxecuaive committee will at its hing meeting propose some which our people can get and select delegates. I true, because if they pro one, then we can and aud thus avoid a con e should be given to ?y*?-.- magroa- BBanBaeamBcgaanaB-aa any one to 'fly tin; track or bolt.' is of the highest importance for 01 people lo get together and stan together under this regular Denn eratic organization, and I sincere! hope that the executive committc may be wiso and Datriotic enough t devise the way and means for thei to do so. lt' the simple aiu4% natur: pian of submitting all nominations t a white or Democratic primary suggested, as I think probable, w could easily adopt it. and then let th people of eacli county get together i mass meeting or convention an : agree on or select a ticket whic could be elected without contentioi A ticket so selected could not b I easily beaten any wa}7. "I see that your name has bee mentioned. Do you comtemplat ! being a candidate for election to th '?. convention ?" ! Gen. Farley said: "I do not wis ; to go to the convention and shall nu j be a candidate. Certainly I will nc i be the candidate of any faction, for believe it to be the duty of ever good citizen at this crisis to refuse t allow his name or influence to b used to cause further discord or div . sion and to increase strife in tl) ! State. Let our good people get to j gether and select the delegates, for c ! all the piaces that should neither b ? sought nor declined, that of a dele I grate to a Constitutional Conventio stands foremost. As the majority c our people are of that political basis I take it for granted that a majorit; ! of the convention will be Reformers ! but let our people select thei'-. bes j men, men whom they are willing t< I trust-for there are many of then I on both sides-and send them wi tl j the simple instructions to preserv? i white supremacy and civilizatioi 1 through the protection of the whit* ! voter and a well regulated suffrage j and otherwise to give us the bes ! Constitution thev can and one abreas of the progress of the times in om educational, political and industria affairs " " What about the discussion befort I the people ? "Ordinarily, I am heartily in favoi of public discussion of all public ques tiens as a means of education anc informing our people. In this in Stance, however, if it is possible, thc least public discussion of all th* minor questions with which the Con 8titutioual Convention bristles, the better. It can only lead to further division and discord, because we can? not agree on them, and uot only individuals, but even counties and sec tions, will disagree on various maters it would seem best to send the best men we can get and let them go in a spirit of forbearance, conciliation and j concession, representing all classer j and interests ; to give us the best j they can, because, at last, no matter j who is elected, all of these grave ! matters must be submitted to them. Indeed, 1 think it would be best for our people to avoid all heated dis? cussion of minor matters, except I when assemb'ed in deliberative j bodies where the main points of interests should be agreed upon " ! "What is the spirit of the new ad ministration 1"" i "i will not undertake," replied the General, "to speak ex-cathedra, but from what I have seen lately, with i some opportunity to niakf? ooserva ! Hon, it is, generally speaking, what it ought to be. 1 expressed the hope last fall that the Governor would make his election! a'blessing to our people,' and I now hope that, with I proper support and encouragement, it. will prove so. Mere factious op? position is never right nor wise, and as long as the administration shows its present disposition to deal justly and fairly with all parties, and not to unjustly use or abuse the high power and privileges entrusted to it by the people, it is our duty to meet it more than half way in every endeavor to secure the peace and progress of the State, and to find a satisfactory solution of all our poli? tical difference and difficulties " The State. - n> - ? ? . -<??? -- A Christian has been adrnirred to membership in a Jewish club ac Roch? ester, the Eureka. The Tidings of that place argues that no applicant for admission should be rejected account of his religious belief, as such rejection would be iodicative of bigotry, prt-judice and Darrow-uiiodedocss. The New York Sun says thar, a citi? zen of that city has the bleeve buttons worn by President Liucoio on the night of his assassination, and another mao treasures a peice of the waistcoat, worn by the stricken President. The poseesor : sor of the latter relic was admitted to the wounded man soon after the shooting, and oo coming out he found that he had : brought with him the waistcoat, which had been given into bia keep?og. He ! cut it up and distributed fragments to the crowd. i i John L. Benson, a Californian, has i returned from a journey to Ecuador in ! I the interest of Cornell and Sanford Uni? versities. At the headwaters of the Amazon he found the J?varos Indians, who kill their prey by blowing a pois? oned arrow through a pipe. A monkey so hit dies in three minutes. Joseph Bertrand, the French math? ematician, who recently celebrated his golden wedding, rescued his wife fron? death in a great railroad accident on the Paris-Versailles railroad in 1844. She was the wife of Admirai Dumont D'Ur ville, who was killed in the accident. This was thc admiral who brought the 1 Venus of Milo to France, and who three I times circumnavigated the earth. The Best Method Of Cultivating and Curing Fine Yellow Tobacco. PLANT-BEDS. The first work in preparing for a crop of tobacco is to burn and sow in good time plenty of platte land, in warm, taoist situation. Select lani that will not become sodden by too much rain, and, and if possible, let the spots be OM creeks on branches (far enough ot! to guard against overflow? ing), with a southwest exposure. Burn the land well My plan is to put down or: my beds, about four feet apart, what we term "skids''-poles the size ot a man's arm. These are to keep the wood off the ground. When these skids are burnt up, ooe may, as a rule, ! know that the land is burned hard j enough, and that it is time to move his i tire ou further. This is the best guide ! I can give to the inexperienced as to the '. leugth of time the land should be i burned. The best time for burning, in 1 the latitude of North Carolina and Virginia, is from first of January to first of March. Good, fine stable manare, free from seeds of grass, oats or clover, with some good commercial fertilizer, is what I think best to use on ; plant-beds. After burning, rake off the ashes, cover the ground well with stable j manure, hoe up the bed thoroughly, ; and make it fine by repeated hoeing i and raking ; thea mix the tobacco ; seed, using one-and-a-haif tablespoon? fuls in every twenty-five pounds of fertilizer to every one hundred square yards in the bed, and then tread it with the feet or pat with the hoe. Tobacco seed require but little cover? ing, and, if covered too deep, will fail to come up. Cover the bed with fine | brush (dogwood is best, if convenient). ? to protect the plants from frost and to keep the bed moist. Sometimes it be- ? comes necessary to force the growth of; plants iu order that they may be large enough to transplant at the proper time ; this is done by using some quick, ! reliable fertilizer as a top-dress rog, I care being takeu not to apply it when the plants are wet with dew or rain. SOIL. Gray, friable soils-fresh from the forest, or long out of cultivation-with a dry, porous subsoil, are the best adapted to the growth aod maturity of yellow tobacco. Plow your laud and put it io good condition before bedding, run the rows off three feet four inches each way, using., according to the strength of the : land, from ninety to one hundred and ten pounds of good fertilizer to every one thousand hills. Use farm-pen manure in the drill with the fertilizer; : it will be found of very great advan- ! tage, even if it is not convenient to use it except in small quantities. PLANTING. Planting in hills as early after the I first of May as the plant? sod season ? will admit. As soon as the plants take good root, commence cultivation, whether in a grassy condition or not, and continue to stir the iand with plow and hoe until the tobaeco begin* to come iii'top/ using.sh?rt single-trees as the plants increase ia size, to prevent bruising and bre*akio?: After the plants become too large to admit of the use of the plow, use only the hoe to keep down grass. TOPPING. It is best, to wait, until a good num? ber of plnots button for seed before beginning to toD, as these wili then ripeu together, A man must top ac? cording to the appearance and promise of the plant, the strength of the land, &c; he must use his own judgment io topping, bearing in mind that a strong, ! healthy plaut can bear higher topping than a small one. As a general thing, the first topping will bear ten to four? teen ?eaves priming off the lower leaves i neither too high nor too low, so that when the plant ripens the bottom leaves may be well off the ground. As the season advances, coutinue to top lower, so that the plants may ripen before frost. CULTIVATION A FTE lt TOPPING. Never plow tobacco later than the j first of August ; after which time use the hoe, as late plowing keeps the tobacco greeu too long, and causes it to ripen with a green color. When tobacco begins to ripen, use neither plow nor hoe, as quality is better than quantity in this case. / After being topped, tobacco should be kept as clear as possible from worms j and suckers. CUTTING. Let your tobacco stand on the hill until thoroughly ripe, bearing in mind not to cut any until a barn can be filled with plants of uniform rioeness, color and quality. Put seven medium sized plants on a stick four-and-a-half feet long. Let the plants go from the ! cutter's hands over the stick io the hands of the holder. After teing filled, the sticks should not touch the ground for any length of time ; in fact, it is better for them to go directly from holder to wagon, and from wagon to barn, where they should be tiered about eight inches apart-that is, if the tobacco is of medium size. DAHNS. I think barns that are seventeen-and a-half feet square are the best for curing successfully : a barn of this size, with four firing tiers below the joists, will hold about four hundred and fifty sticks. CURING. As flue-curing has taken the place of the old method of curing by charcoal, . it is only necessary ?jive directions ?or that process. A cry, curiog nea! is tiie principie of both methods. t 'ue curing has many advantages over the primitive way, being cheaper, cleaner, giving the tobacco a sweeter flavor, and it i.- attended by tess darigei of fire My advice^ right here, to the novice is, ro ree for himself the plan on which a tobacco barn is built and arranged for curing. TEMPERATURE. After filling the barn with lipe to? bacco, start the heat at about ninety <:r a hi mired degrees Fahrenheit and i:ee( there for thirty or thirty-six hours, '.Thiel: length of tiuie is commonly ri quired to yellow tobacco, some taking a little longer or shorter time. Right here ?3 where a man must exercise his judgment, as neither the best theory i uor the most minute directions will serve-it is practice that iwtlces a good cure. After finding the best leaves iu the j barn of a uniform yellow and the others of a pea-green, one can as a general rule, begin to raise the heat from the yellowing heat at the rate of five de- j grees every two hours. When one I hundred and fifteen degrees is reached, it ts time to give the tobacco air by ; cracking open the door and making ; holes as large as a man's baud on each side of the barn near the bottom logs ; which treatment will be found to be of great advantage, as the tobacco will commence drying off and the tails will begin to turn up. Continue to increase the heat at the above rate until one hun? dred and thirty-five is reached, where the heat must be kept for twelve hours, which is the length of time required to j cure the leaf. Raise the heat now five | degrees every bour-and-a-hali until it j gets to one hundred and eighty degrees | This heat will in a short time cure both : stem and stalk. As a general rule, by ' following these directions, tobacco will come out of the barn a pretty uniform yellow. To cure it a bright, clear y el- j low, it must have all the heat it will bear until it reaches one hundred and thirty-five degrees. ORDERING AND HANDLING. After tobacco is thoroughly cured, let it come io order enough to handle well ; then move from curiog barn to packing barn, or some tight house, and bulk down so that it will retain its color, as exposure reddens it. STRIPPING. When ready for stripping, take as much bulked tobacco as ooe wants, aod hang at some damp time io a curiog baro, so as to bring it in order to han? dle. In stripping, select leaves of uni- j form size aod color, making about six or seven different grades, and tie in bundles of six leaves. After tying, the bundles should be huog on a stick, putting about twenty-five bundles on a stick, and the sticks put down in a bulk, perfectly straight This will press the j tobacco out flat and cause it to make a ! better appearance, on the market. Ir ; shouid remain io bulk for several days. ; JAMES B HOBGOOD. Oxford, N. C., Jan. 1, 1895. A Great Scheme By Which 3,000 Mexican Criminals Would Have Gained Their Liberty. ST. LOUIS, Feb. 3.-A Globe Demo? crat special from the City of Mexico says : The three thousand prisoners in Belem prison would have been free but tor timely discovery of a tun? nel. Patient search for the suspected outlet was rewarded yesterday by finding an entrance to the tunnel : close to the school room. At a depth of three yards to the right of thc tun? nel, the foundation upon which rests the walis of the gallery where the condemned, 800 in number, are con? fined, had been cut through The subterranean passage was thence continued toward the left some li yards, perforating the foundations of other walis, which are one metre in thickness and arc built of sandstone. The underground works were still continued to the left, where some more foundations equally as thick as the former were encountered. The foundations sustained the weight of the walis that lodge the hundreds of prisoners that aro awaiting trial. The skill displayed in the engineer? ing feat, which has fortunately mis? carried, is wonderful, and a few months of labor would have placed the prisoners in communication with the street This would have released 3,000 criminals, as the tunnel had been planned to pass under the wards I of the prison so that it could have j been reached by digging a few feet beneath the floors. The prisoners, under pretense of attending night school, have been at work on the great tunnel for a portion of two years, working secretly, in regular shifts. The conception of the mam? moth and dating undertaking is due to a desperate criminal named Jos. E. Vicente, who was under sentence of death, but who was shot some time ago, before his elaborate scheme for the salvation of himself atid comrades could be put into effect. ---mm- -m^ Few people are willing to ?ive in pov? erty because of the ancient Hebrew proverb that thc rich man's money blocks up his doors so that the angels cannot cuter his house. The population of Guatemala is less than that of the city of New York by 500,O?0, while Mexico and Guatemala combined have a population about equal ro that ot'the states of New York and Pennsylvania. Hustled Oui of Japan. China's Peace Envoys Re quested to Leave. LONDON. Fob. 3 -The Central News correspondent in Hiroshima tele? graphs under to-day's (hito : Premier Count ito and Viscount Mutsir, min isl or of foreign affairs, had a second interview with China's peace envoys yesterday afternoon. The main ob? ject of the meeting; was to exchange credentials The ministers found the credentials of the envoys to be very imperfect and to leave them absolute? ly powerless to conduct binding negotiations Tliev refused at once to continuo negotiations, a \ re? quested the envoys to ! J the country as soon as possible. The envoys will sail to-morrow on the steamship Owarimaru for Nagasaki, where they will await the arrival of the mail steamship for China They will be accompanied until they de? port, by the inspector general of police and several assistant inspec? tors, who will prevent any hostile demonstration on the part of the peo? ple. The preliminary resolution to ap? prove all war expenditures, regard? less of the amount and dace, is pre? faced with the declaration that the objects of the war have not been realized yet. The Central Neves correspondent in ? Wei-??ai-Wei telegraphs under the date of February 1, via Talien-Wan : : "The Chinese war ships were much damaged in yesterday's fight. After I the Pai-Chiyaso forts capitulated, the Japanese turned the captured guns against the Chinese warships, hit? ting them repeatedly and forcing them to change their position. A violent snow storm in the afternoon ! of January 1, compelled the Japan-! ese fleet to remain inactive and thus frustrated the Japanese plan to bring : on a general naval engagement. The Japanese still hold the entrance to the Harbor." A Central News dispatcli sent from ? Hai-Chong on Friday says that vice? roy Liu Kung Ti has arrived at New Chang and will assume supreme command of the Chinese operations in Manchuria. Gen. Nodzu, the commander, expects to be attacked to-morrow or Tuesday. His spies report that there are about 50,000 Chinese troops in the neighborhood of Yeng-Kow and New Ch wang. EXPECTED IN WASHINGTON. WASHINGTON, Feb. 2.-The dispatch j from Hiroshima stating the Chinese i peace envoys had been sent back ^ under escort because of the' insuffi-1 ciency of their credentials, exactly accords with anticipatory advices received by Minister Kurino, the | Japanese minister to the United States. It has been the expressed opinion at the Japanese legation from the beginning that the Chinese government was simply pursuing its customary policy of delay in this mat? ter. Their first attempt was to place Japan in the attitude of suing for peace, by giving tilt; proposition made at the suggestion of the United j States by Minister Dun at Tokio, precedence over the proposition made by'Minister Denby at Poking This subterfuge being rejected and Japan I insisting that China must take the initiative in asking for peace, China next requested an armistice This being refused, on the Sth of Decem- j ber, China appointed Chaug-Hin- j Huan and Shao, governor of Formosa, i as peace envoys Japan served for? mal notice on China that unless these envoys came accredited with pleni? potentiary powers, they would not be received, and for the time being, Japan, in the interest of a peaceful settlement, waived its objection to the personalty of Shao, who had set a price on the head of every Japanese captured or slain Although the Chinese envoys were appointed on the 5th of December, it was not until the 7til of January that Chang Hin Hu took leave of the Em? peror and started on his mission In the meantime, came the selection of ex-Secretary J. VV. Foster as advis? ory counsel. This again was looked upon by Japan as an attempt at delay. It was apparent that Mr Foster could not be admitted to the peace negotiations except in the j capacity of a secretary to one of the Chinese envoys, and that was a posi? tion his high rank as a diplomat and an ex-Secretary of the United States would of necessity debar him from taking Two months ago, Count Ito, Count ! Inonye and Field Marshal Yamagata were ali in favor of peace upon the basis of an indemnity, and the recog- j nition of the independence of Korea ! Now, it is said, these terms wiil be j impossible and that Japan will exact accession of territory Just here, as viewed by experi? enced diplomats of other legations than the Japanese, the element of danger comes in. There is nothing now left for the Japanese to do but to pursue their advantages, until eventually Peking falls into their hands. The inevitable results of this, it is thought, will be the fall of the present dynasty. Then there will be no one to treat v. ?th lor peace and complications wi!i occur which will threaten tho total dismember? ment of the Chinese Empire and in? volve the almost certain intervention of European powers Tiie outcome of such a complication would be dilti-1 ct?lt tofforesee and its contemplation is ??iviti?? much uneasiness ni diplo mat ic circles herc. TRICKED BY A II SIN" PARIS, Feb '\ -Tire Paris edition of' the Herald will publish a dispatch to thc following effect, concerning the reception of the Chinese peace envoys : "The Chinese envoys declare that they were ignorant that their creden? tials were defective ami their govern? ment played them a trick It assur? ed them that it had bestowed no them full powers, yet the documents did not slate the subject o? the nego? tiations and the envoys: would have been compelled to refer everything to Peking. Premier Ito remarked that China could not be very desirous ot' peace, to say nothing of the s ight on Japan The latter would be willing to reopen negotiations, however, when an embassy with full powers should be sent." -- -.??. mmn - Liquor fiaiders^Reward. Blind Celler Pound With Blind Tiger Stuff in it. The liquor constables and the po? lice had a big time of it yesterday searching for contraband liquor in Columbia, and they found a consider? able quantity stored in some very peculiar places Just think of the joke ! The premises of the Alliance Warehouse Company, near the union depot, were raided and searched, and a large number of cases of export beer-real caonrt band stuff-were found and seized. The raiding party consisted of State Liquor Constables Speed, Beach and Davis. Trial Justice Constable Hartin, Sergeant Morehead of the police force and Officers Daniels and Sloan. The first place visited was tue Alliance warehouse, and in an out? house on the premises thirty-eight boxes of "Kopfs Extra Cheer" ex? port beer were found and seized. Then the party came on up street, and the place of Jumper & Co., which has so often been searched, was raided. Nothing was sscured. Then the men werit into the place of P. J. Kraft & Co., formerly Mr. C. C. Habenicht's place. Mr. Ilabenicht sold out his b'si ness to this firm when the dispensary law first went into effect, and he has not owned any liquor of any description since. The place had been searched several times before, and nothing was found. The constables and Po? lice Sergeant Morehead went t hrough the store, the other two police offi? cers' being stationed at the door, but nothing was found. Then they went into tho cellar. Therein they found several barrels of liquor, but each bore Commissioner Traxler's stamp. They seemed to have been working on information, however, and spent a long .ime searching. Then they went to the rear of the cellar and came against a brick wall. The wall was apparently new. They came up stairs and asked for infor? mation about the wall. Nothing was told them. Then they went into the office room in the rear of the building and all around it, searching for an entrance to the false cellar they evi? dently were aware was there They went into the office, bored holes iii the lloor and ' found that there was a cellar beneath. Then they re? turned to the other cellar and pro? ceeded with a crowbar to cu ; a hole through the wall When the hole was large enough a lantern was put through and a peep showed that there were in the cellar a large number of barrels and casks and bottles of all sizes and styles. They were about to tear the wall down when a stairway leading up was discovered. Then they went up in the office again, rolled a table aside, lifted the carpet, and behold, there was a trap door, which, when opened, disclosed the top of the staircase. All went down then, and eleven casks of beer and a large quantity cf whiskey, rum, wines, cider, etc., were found. The constables at once set to work getting it out and haul? ing it to the State Dispensary. They estimated their find, oft'hand, as worth about $500. Some liquor men who saw it say all the stuff was not worth $75. Speed said he had been working oti til is case for months and was satisfied that there was liquor about, but he could not locate it It is 6aid that one of the barrels bearing Traxler's stamp had been tapped, and nearly ali of its conten.s taker: there? from. No arrests have yet been made.- The State. Declared Unconstitutional. LOUISVILLE, Ky., Feb. 4.-The case of Rev. W. H. Anderson of this city against the Louisville and Nashville Railroad was finished in the United States Court at Owensboro to-day. The jury ou instructions from Judge Barr, found for the plaintiff io one c?ot and assessed the costs of court aga nst the railroad company. This is a test case to decide the constitutionality of the Kentucky separate coach law. which compels negroes to ride in coaches apart from white people. This verdict declares it unconstitutional. Mr. Anderson sued for ?10,000. The cn:e will he taken to the Supreme Court cf the United States. '4 k fa