Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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T8K 8CMTSB WATCHMAN, Established April, 1850. 'Be Just and Fear not-Let allTthe Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." TBE TRUE 80UTHKON, EatablUbed Juna, 1366 Consolidated Aug. 2,1881. SUMTER, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 30, 1894. New Series-Yol. XIII. So. 44. PaUtthid ?wry Vad&Mday, 3>3\ Gk Osteen. SUMTEE, S. C. T8S1I8 : Two Dollars per an aura-io advance. A D T B K T I ES I M 1 X T ? One Socare first insert ion.$ 1J00 Every subsequent insertion................. 50 Contracta for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. All communication* which subserve private interests will be charged foras advertisements. ? Obituaries and tributes of respect will be charged for. FOB WOMEN. Despite the stringency of tbe times, the Institute has fa ai a fairly prosper? ous year. With its foll corps of effi? cient teachers and high standard of scholarship, it offers adrantages for educating your ladies, equal to any col? lege for women in this Sute. We in? tend that it shall grow in efficiency as ii grows io years, and thoa command the continued favor of its patrons, and commend itself to the favor of all who have daughters to educate. For terms and catalogues apply to H. FRANK WILSON, President, March 21 Sumter, S. C. THE S1M0NDS NATIONAL BIRK OF SUMTER. STATE, CITY AND COUNTY DEPOSI? TORY, SUMTEtt, S. C. Paid up Capital . . . . . $75,000 00 Surplus Food. 12,500 00 Liabilities of Stockholders to depositors acccordiog to the law governing National Banks, io excess of their stock . . $75,000 00 Transacts a General Banking Business. Careful attention giren to collections. SAVINGS DEPARTMENT. Deposits of $1 and upwards received. In? terest allowed at tue rate of 4 per cent, per annum. Parable quarterly, on first days of January. April, July and October. R. M. WALLACE, L. S. GIBSON, President. Aug 7. Cashier. NEW MARBLE WORKS, COMMANDER & RICHARDSON, LIBERTY STREET, SUMTER, S. C. WE HAVE FORMED A CO-PARTNERSHIP For the purpose of working Marble aod Granite, mano fae turing* Moments, Mstones, Etc, And doing a General Business in that lise. A complete workshop hits been Sited op ~>a LIBERTY STREET, NSAR POST OFFICE And we are now ready to execute with promptness ail orders consigned to os. Satis action guaranteed. Obtain our price before placing an order elsewhere. W. H. COMMANDER, G. E. RICHARDSON. Jnne 16. JOS. F. SHAME. WM. C. DAVIS. KHAME & DAYIS, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, MANNING, S. C. Attend to business in any part of the State Practice io U. S. Courts. Sept. 21-x._ G. W. DICE, D. D.sT Office orer Levi Bros.' Store, ENTRANCE OH MAIN STREET. SUMTER, S. C. Office Hours-9 to 1 ; 2.30 to 5.30. DR J. MVA WIM, DENTIST. Office OVER BROWN k BROWN'S STORE, Entrance on Main Street Between Brown k Brown and Dorant k Son. -OFFICE HOURS: 9 to 1.30; 2 to 5 o'clock. April 9. 2 A. WHITE & SON, Fire Insurance Agency, ESTABLISHED 1366. Represent, among other Companies : LIVERPOOL k LONDON k GLOBE, NORTH BRITISH k MERCANTILE, HOME, of New York. UNDERWRITERS' AGENCY, N. Y., LANCASTER INSURANCE CO. Capital represented $75,000,000. Feb. 12_ 1890. 1894. ?. C. PHELPS ft CU., toral Im? Apis, Sumter, S. C. Fire, Life, Accident, Steam Boiler, Pla'te Grass, Bonds of Surety for persons in posi? tions of trust, and Liability Insurance in every branch, written in toe rery best Amer? ican and Foreign Companies. Orer sixty-five millions of capiial repre? sented. Office at Messrs. J. Rj tten berg k Sons, 2d Floor, Front. Mch 14-0 South Carolina Indians. Mr. McDonald Furman Tells About the Catawba*. A Pleasant Visit to the Reservation-Chief Jim Harris- Uncle Billy George-A Pleas? ant Indian home-A boat ride on the Cataw? ba Riser-Other Matten. Mr. Editor : One day, cot a fortnight ago? t rambled with an Iodiao mao over a beautiful piece of woods, which had here and there a settlement-the homes of Indians, for the landon which I walked belongs to the red race. Sur? prising as it m ti j Be em to my readers, this Tndian land is in Sooth Carolina. It is the Catawba reservation in York County, and this was my first visit to the tribe. On Monday forenoon, May 14, I left the pretty little city of Bock Hill, on horseback, and after a ride of some nine or ten miles over a pleasant road, I reached the Catawba nation. The first house I visited was that of Jim Harris, who was elected Chief of the tribe a year ago last November. Some account of this Chief will be of interest to your readers. He is a pleasant, intelligent looking Indian, with a mustache, and was born on ?be reservation 35 years ago last March. He has travelled about some, having been to Washing? ton once, and to Columbia several times. He is a widower now 1 called twice at bis house, and although be was suffer? ing from rheumatism, he talked readily with me. He said, among other things, that he didn't think a South Carolina statute could show where a Catawba bad been in the penitentiary. Jim's brother, David Harris-a clean shaved, rather striking looking young red man, not quite twenty-two-is the largest farmer among the Catawbas. [ called at tBe house of Billy George, or "uncle Billy'7 as he seems to be called by the nation. He looks like a genuine Indian, and is about the oldest of the Catawbas, being probably in the neighborhood of 85 or 90 years. As "Capt. George" he signed the last treaty made between South Carolina and the Catawbas, and be claims to be the only Indian now living who signed it. There are 120 Catawbas ?o ali ; 67 are living on the reservation, 28 are in far away Colorado, and the others are io dif? ferent places. There*are two white women living in the nation, one of whom is the wife and the other the widow of an Indian. I asked the tatter (who I met at Jim Harris's,) how she came to many an Iodian and she answered, "cause I loved them." About seven on the ^reservation can read, and write. I am inclined to think, from what I could learn, that the Catawba language is not used much on the reservation now ; even Jim Harris, the Chief, can speak it very little. "Uncle Billy" George told me that yam-ma-rav-ber w.o Ca aw ba for chief, this word is not used now. This has become a mixed nation ; Epps Harris, a Catawba who claimed to be aboot 60 years old, mentioned to me seven Indians who he said are about all that are full blooded. Lewis Gordon, who went about with me over the reservation more than any other Indian, looked far more like a white mao than ao Indian. The Catawbas don't walk in Indian file now, and none of the children ever practice with bows and arrows, There was nothing of the Indian in the dress of those that I met. There are 732 acres, more or less, io the reservation, of which not over 200 acres are cleared, some is rented out to whites. There seemed to be a number of paths on the reservation, and in my walks I noticed some hills and little streams. As I said before, the woods here are beautiful. I think any one who enjoys walking about in forests, would feel fully repaid for visiting the reservation, especially at this time, when spring is in all of its beauty and glory, aod everything looks so green and pretty. There are about eighteen settle? ments on the reservation, most of which are built of plank and have outhouses. There are patches around most of the settlements. The laws of landed pro? perty among these Indians are interest? ing. Whenever one of them cleans op land, it becomes his, and if he dies it belongs to his family. I visited nine of the settlements, and from what I saw I should judge that the homes of these people are about like those of small white farmers who rent land. I suppose the best bouse in the nation, by all odds, is the home of Rhoda Harris, the widow of Chief Allen Harris. I called at this house, which has been built three years. It has a piazza, and four rooms, is surrounded by fruit trees and several out houses, and bas a very nice looking garden at its back, indeed it is just such a home as any small and indus? trious white farmer would be proud to own. This was the most intelligent household that I visited among the Indians. Rhoda is a dignified, pleasant old lady who is something over 60, and who shows the white blood strong? ly. She bas two granddaughters at the Carlisle Indian School in Penn; one of these, Cammie Owl, lives with the Cherokees in North Carolina. Three of the young Indian men, Bob and Ben Harris, and Lewis Gor? don took me io a boat over to the Lancaster side of the Catawba River, where I was shown some lodian Springs, an old Indian burying ground, and the place where an Indian town once stood. ? boat ride with Catawba Indians on the yellow waters of the river bearing the name of this tribe, was to me a new and pleasant expe? rience. At; one house the Indians gave me dinner, at another supper. As well as I remember coffee, syrup and biscuit were given me for dinner, and coffee, fried meat and biscuit for supper. Both these meals were given me by tbe Indians without any suggestion or re? quest oo my part, and it was thought? ful in the red people to show this kind? ness to a stranger. I bought some Indian wares and I also had some given me ; amoog which is the most singular looking pipe I have ever seen-it is in the shape of a cooler. These wares are real curosities and show careful and nie work. My walks over the reservation must have amounted to several miles. One (sometimes more) of the red men kindly showed be arouod. I talked a great deal with the Catawbas, arid took a good many notes on what I beard There was some talk of electing a new chief that night, so I remained a while to Bee the election, which, how? ever, did not come off. Before I left for Rock Hill I had quite a pleasant talk with a number of the men who had assembled at the house where the election was expected to occur. I could write more about my visit j to the Catawba Indians, but will close, as I doo't wish to make this article too long. This visit and the kindness shown me by the Catawbas will always be remembered with feelings of pleasure, and interest. MCDONALD FUBMAN. Ramsey, P. 0., Sumter Co., May, '94. The Governor's Appeal. The Conditions at Bluffton Demand Immediate Action. Governor Tillman has issued the following appeal in behalf of the desti? tute at Bluffton : To the People of the State : I desire to make an appeal on behalf of the white residents of Bluffton town? ship, Beaufort County. It has been only about two weeks since information was received at this office claiming that great destitution existed amoog the people of our own color in that locality. I was somewhat sceptical at first, eight months having elapsed since the storm which devastated the coast, bot from entirely trustworthy sources and the personal inspection of an agent I find that there is absolute want and need of prompt assistance, else there will be extreme suffering and probable starva? tion. These people lost their entire crop by the storm and were unable to meet their obligations of last year. ? They have exhausted all means of credit in the effort to support them? selves and to plant anew. They cannot cultivate their crops with grass-fed stock and already animals have died. I appeal to the charitable in their be? half. Contributions in money sent to me will be promptly wired for relief. Contributions of meat, flour, corn or meal can be shipped to Thos. Martin, chairman of the relief committee, Bluff ton, care of the steamer Alpha at Beau- j fort or Savannah steamer Pilot Boy at Char?eston. B. R. TILLMAN, Governor. How They Propose to do in Edgefield. A correspondent of the Edgefield Chronicle says that the farmers of that county do not propose to let the candi? dates worry them much this year. They are all pressed with work, and have no time to fool away listening to office-seekers. They propose to put every candidate to work when he comes along and keep him at work during bis stay. Some of the farmers of Kershaw propose to adopt the same plan., and it is thought that there are enough candidates in Kershaw to keep at least three acres of cotton free from grass during the sea? son. An account of a terrible eathquake that recently occurred in Venezuela has just reached the State department at Washington. The disturbance began on May 5 and lasted two days. It was generally along the line of the famous San Carlos and Merid railway, nearly completed, io the Andes. Four fine bridges were completely destroyed and others were considerably affected. Several stations were thrown down, the rails were twisted and bent and in some places broken apart, and a num? ber of lives were lost. Kagunillos, with all its inhabitants, disappeared entirely, a lake now occupying its site. In some places black water, having a fetid odor, was expelled from crevices in the earth. The earthquake is said to have been much worse than those of 1849 and 1875. At the latter the flourishing city of Cuenta, Colum? bia, was demolished and 5,000 people lost their lives. The Venezuelan min? ister at Washington has been asked to receive contributions in this eountry for the relief of the sufferers from the catastrophe. African Wasps. In a corner of my bedroom win? dow, a bit of architecture was ob? served last February. A pair of slender wasps or hornets, with golden bodies and purple wings, came and built, bit by bit, most industriously and fast, seven tunnels of clay. The male insect worked. Ile fetched the moist pellets of elsy from a distant puddle outside the garden. These be worked, with mouth and paws, into shape most beautifully. When the first tunnel waa complete the female went in and laid ber egg at the bottom Then together they flew away, and came back with a spider, half killed, that is, stung to a deadened state, which was tucked into the tunnel. Tbe pair worked on hunting for spiders all day and pop? ping them in-and night surprised them too soon-so the male fetched a pellet of clay and made a perfect door, closing up the hole from ali in? truders, and they disappeared. In the morning, quite early, I opened the shutters, without which they could not get at their work, and very soon they arrived. They cut and tugged at the still damp door till it came away clean and left the open arch, and several more unfortunate spiders were added to the larder of the future grub laid in embryo at the end of the tunnel. Then it was closed with fresh clay, and made doubly secure by extra thickness of daubing. And immediately, without waiting to rest, a new tunnel was built side by side with the first. For days, I think quite a fortnight, we watched their steady work, until seven of these wonderful tombs, or. I should say, habitations, were filled and closed. After the insects had quite finished and gone altogether (leaving the whole daubed together and ce? mented into one large lump of various shades of clay) I cut it out of tbe window, and have got it in a basket covered with net, so that we may see the exit of the young creatures that are to eat through all those spiders, and break their way into the world some day. When and how this hap? pens I will tell you. I opened one tunnel lengthwise, that we might see and count the spiders There were fifteen in it ! Fat-bodied little garden spiders of various sorts. One was too big to push in, so they cut its legs off at the roots. We waited just a little too long, uearly two months, before digging an opening into that hornet's mud cas? tle What wo found was a long, transparent brown case, and within it a hornet, perfectly formed but col? orless, just as the leaves of a plant are white if buried from the light. Not a trace ol the fifteen spiders ! All those must have been eaten by the little grub which came out of the egg Probably the egg was laid in the fat body of a spider ; and when the spiders were all eaten, we can only suppose the grub went through a change and came, into the hornet, but how that beautiful case was formed over it I cannot imagine. You could see the creature inside perfectly, as if it were made of glass, and the whole thing exactly fitted the tunnel of clay. After a few more days another tunnel was opened, not by us, but by the perfect? ed hornet itself. ? round hole at the end was cut, as if with a sharp instrument, and out walked the pret? ty creature slowly and sleepily ; then it walked up on the top of the clay mound and spread its wings, quite ready to take its place at once in the business of life. We uncovered the net from the basket and let it fly, and next season I shall look out for another such erection, and open the tunnel earlier, so as to see the grub when half through its larder of cold meat.-Natural History Notes. --~mmmm*-+- mmm - Monkey linguist Gamer is making progress. Ile has added six more words to his gorilla lexicon. We have to take bis word for it, however, as the gorilla has not been heard from yet. Col. George Tillman bas not been heard from yet. If be would only 6ay, "I am a candidate for governor/' and go before the people on his own merits there would be bushels of fur lying around loose before the close of the , campaign, and several premature boom lets would chase eaoh other out of sight, j bey ou d the shadows of nowhereland. Johnston Monitor. We are inclined to think that Sena- 1 tor Butler is about right. It is not so j much a need for an increase in the cir? culating medium as it is a need for a more general distribution of it. But the question arises, if it is increased how are we going to get our share of it. If the government were to issue money as Gov. Tillman wants it to do how are the people down here going to get in possession of it. It seems to us if we bad State banks of issue our local needs could be supplied with suf? ficient currency and we could contract or expand it as the occasion required. But in order to make money more plen? tiful with us we must stop buying more than we sell.-Newberry Herald. A Good Suggestion. The Herald and Newa bas been thinking for some time that it would be a good idea to have a separate box io the primary in which each sod every voter could express his preference for United State9 Senator, and Jet the ma? jority of the people say whom they wanted. We notice that some of our exchanges have already given expres? sions to the idea. We want to be rid of coat-tail swingers in the coming primaries as far as we can, and in order to do this we most get the Senatorial contest as far removed from our State and local elections as practicable. We want to get this year as far as we can good, strong, intelligent, and reli? able men to send to the Legislature. We do not want men to represent ns and make laws for ns whose ooly re? commendation is that they are for this man or the other for the United States Senator. We want men who have some ability and character and calibre of their own. The present outlook now is that the only candidates we shall have for Sen? ator are Gov. Tillman and Senator But? ler. They will canvas the State and present their claims and cases to the people. Then let thc people say whom they will choose. The Herald and News is still on the fence and has no candidate for any office. We are not taking this position in the interest of any one of the candidates but only because we are interested, as every good citizen ought to be, io the selection of the best men to represent as in Columbia and make laws for os., lt is more important to the people of South Carolina to send good and wise and safe men to Colum? bia to legislate for us, than it is to send dither Tillman or Butler to the Senate, lhere will be some very important matters before the next Legislature and it behooves the people o' every county to select wise and safe men to handle these questions for the good of the State. ?8 yet no one is announced as an aspirant for the position from this coun? ty and we do not know who are going to aspire to the honor. Bot we feel sure there will be enough material from which a good selection can be made. Our hope and only desire is that the selection will be made oo the merit and intrinsic worth of the men themselves aod that the people will not be deluded into voting for men simply because they proclaim their allegiance to this man or the other. Let oar motto this year be that we will vote for the best men. With that in view we take it that the ?suggestion to take the senatorial race out of the se? lection of representatives is a good one. [t will in large measure do away with ?joat tail swinging, for then the candi? dates will not know whose coat tail to lay hold on. We want every candidate to stand or fall on bis own merits be? fore the people. Why should any one Dbject to such ao arrangement? We have been told for the past four years that the people were in thc saddle and were the only arbiters and that the oligarchy and the ring was smashed. Then why not let the people say whom they want to go to the Senate. If the people have been reaily freed let them exercise their freedom.-Newberry Herald and News. A Northern capitalist who bas been in the South looking out for a location for extensive works, found more avail? able sites than be supposed existed He remarked that the fault of the Sooth was that it did not "use printers' ink enough." Some people wait for busi? ness to come to advertise, while the wise ones advertise to make business. The burning of the famous and venerable mosque at Damascus, some time since, is said by the Missionary Herald to have bad a most depress? ing effect upon the natives, who re? garded it as a portent of the decay of Turkish power and prestige. One of the most singular facts connected with the mosque, says fche Herald, is that an inscription upon one of the towers, which was placed there when the building was the Church of St. John the Baptist, prior to the con? quest of Omar, has been allowed to remain during all these centuries. Strange to say, in this recent fire, the tower with its inscription was not injured. There it stands to-day, looking down on the ruined mosque, and one may still read the words : "Thy kingdon, 0 Christ, is an ever? lasting kingdom, and thy dominion is from generation to generation." Highest of all in Leavening Po? ABSQLUl Spanish Peanuts. Some time ago I saw an article from tbat good practical farmer. Col. J. Washington Watte, of Laurens,, advis? ing the planters of the State to plant Spanish peanuts. Knowing joor will? ingness to aid the farmers all you cao, I ask space in your colamos to give the result of my experiment last year. After gathering oats last year I se? lected an acre of light sandy land and planted it in peanuts, using about one hundred and fifty pounde of cotton seed meal per acre. I cultivated jost the same as I would cotton, keeping them free from the grass. I did not find that they were much harder to cultivate than common peas and much easier to gather -all the nuts adhere7 to the vine wheo it is pulled up. They were gathered about tbe 15th of October, aod I made 50 bushels per acre. I have bad demand for them ever since they were gathered, and I find no difficulty io disposing of them at remunerative prices, in fact I regard them as the best paying crop I ever made. They are fine feed for hogs and the tops are said to be good forage, but I did not pot them to that parp?se. If every farmer io the State would plant a small patch this year I don't believe they would regret it' I can furnish several bushels for seed at reasonable price. A. K. SANDERS/ Hagood, Sumter County. - mm i i i wm The Ferris Wheel. Preliminary work incident to taking down the Ferris Wheel on the Midway Plaisance was began yesterday. This consists of placing false work, engines, and hoieting apparatus. Some day next week the big wheel will tarn for the last time in Chicago. At that time several Ferris Wheel Company officials will ride around on the struts tbat are still in place. Some will simply hold to the ten inch iron beams, while others, more timid, will be tied on. It will take ten weeks to take the wheel to pieces. The car that was used for carrying the Krupp gan will be used for the seventy-ton axle. The material will be taken in five trains of thirty cars each to New York city. There are 3,000 tons of metal in the wheel and 500,000 feet of timber is needed for the false work. Taking the wheel down will be more dangerous than putting it up. Only one life was lost in erecting the big attraction. Tbe expense of taking down, moving, and rebuilding the wheel will be $150, 000. In New York it is to be placed at Thirty-seventh street and Broadway. Old Vienna will he >eprodaced arouod it. Here tbe whee! had 3,000 electric lights; in New York the number will be doubled. The old Ferris Wheel Company goes out of existence and a new company, composed of Yew York men, bas been formed. Superintendent L. V. Rice has charge of the removal. During the fair the wheel went around 10,000 tiroes, and carried 2,000,000 passengers. The largest single load was carried October 19, when at 12:30 o'clock 1,768 people were in the cars. The largest day's business was October 10, when 38,000 people were carried. October 9, 10 and ll there were 114, 000 passengers, the largest average for any three days. "Have you seen any of our best American paintings V' s?sked Dr. Cuyler of the famous Scotch artist, Sir George Harver. "No, I have not," was tbe reply, "but the grand? est American product I have seen has been some of your missionaries. They were noble characters.7' The following is an extract of a letter written by Sir Isaac Newton in 1717. lt is clear that he had come very near the discovery of electricity by Dr. Franklin: "I have been much amused by ye singular pheno? mena resulting from bringing of a needle into contact with a piece of amber or resin iVicated on silke clothe ; ye flame putleth me in mind of sheet lightning on a smal[ scale " A correspondent calls attention to some amusing notes in a California paper. One writer solemnly warns the reader: "Be not like the Foolish Virgins, but take the stitch in time that saves nine !" His idea seems to be that they were refused admission because they failed to mend their clothes ! Is this "higher criticism ?" Another writer slides down the Pacific slope with the exclamation : "Hi's deeds will long be remembered, and after that will live in history !" -Living Church. _ rer.-Latest U. S. Gov't Report Baking Powder VECt PURE