The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, May 16, 1894, Image 8
&jje ?tt|)Ht?tt at? Mjpn.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 16, 1894.
The Floctoatiori of Silver.
From Harper's Weekly.
Keseph, or the white meta), as it
was ca'led by the Hebrews, has
known endless fluctuations, yet has
never ceased its vain rivalry with
gold. Solomon was the first appar?
ently to discredit it, and when silver
grew so abondant in the Holy City
- that it was almost as plentiful as the
stones of its streets, he very naturally
refused to receive it as currency. He
would take nothing but gold, we are
told by Josephus, for his merchandise,
but paid away his depreciated silver
to Egyptian traders for a chariot and
a pair of horses. On this he rode out
in state in the morning to his country
seat at Etham, a paradise of rivulets
and gardens Nothing could be
bought or sold at Jerusalem for silver,
say8the historian, and only gold was
valued.
The Greeks, when they first visited
Spain, made their anchors and com?
mon utensils of silver. The white
metal lost its value. But this could
not continue long, f jr the richest sil?
ver mines at last grew unproductive,
and in the seventh century B. c. the
metal bad once more risen to a higher
price. It could once again compete
with gold, at least at a distance. The
first form of money was in stamped
bare or ingots, with the weight certi?
fied by an official seal. The earliest
known ingots were of gold. But
about 700 B. c. Mr. Headus tells us
money was first coined, and in the
British Museum may be seen a Baby?
lonian stater of electrona, a mingling
of gold and silver, apparently the
oldest coin in existence. Silver was
for a time the common currency of
the Greeks, but at last they adopted
a gold standard. The fine gold pieces
of Philip and Alexander have become
the models of all later coinage.
At Rome the 'earliest money was of
bronze ; then silver came in as the
standard ; and when it grew too
abundant, the Roman emperors
borrowed the gold coinage of the
East. Tha Roman solidus was worth,
in gold, a sovereign or a balfeagle.
But nowhere did silver money
fluctuate more widely than at Rome ;
in the Hannibalic wars the currency
was constantly debased ; in moments !
of danger money was. hoarded. But
the victories of Caesar and bis general
robbery made it so plentiful at Rome
that land doubled or trebled in price ,
and money sank in value. Under I
Augustus, in the quiet of peace, it is
probable that silver was worth about
one-tenth its weight in gold. With
the decay of the empire a debased
currency filled the world with dis?
aster, and aided in the general
destruction of commerce and the arts.
Silver iu the Middle Ages rose in
value with rarity, and was at times '
almost on an equality with gold. In
Richard the First's time in England
four shillings would buy a cow, a
bull, or a horse for ploughing, and
tenpence a sheep with fine wool.
Yet again, with the conquest of
Mexico and Peru, money fell, prices
of labor and land increased; but the
rapid growth ei trade and commerce
at the same period revived the demand
for an honest currency. Silver and
gold moved on to together, and kept
up a certain ratio to each other that
was never greatly disturbed. It is
only recently that the immense yield
of our Western mines has nearly
equalled that of ancient Spain when
silver sank into discredit. But it
will no doubt soon revive again, lt
cannot take the place of gold in the
opinion of mankind-the source of
value. But it will always hold a
subsidiary position that no other
metal can fill.
Nitrate of Soda for Gardens. j
Nitrate of soda is not designed as a
fertilizer fur the large field crops alone.
It acts beneficially on the small gardens, j
and for nearly all of the small vege- j
tables and ??mall frnits. There are
many garden soils where potash and j
phosphoric acid need to be acted upon j
by nitrate of soda to combine them in !
the growing crops. Ir is difficult to tell
how much such elements are in the j
soil, and how mach nirate of soda is
required, but with a little experiment
one can readily determine this. Ordi- j
nariiy from 100 to 200 pounds applied i
to one acre of garden soil will answer
all purposes, and most remarkable !
results are obtained. This amount j
will not injure small fruit or vegetables, j
but will often make them flourish better
than any other application.
Strawberries often thrive on good j
soil after the application of the nitrate, j
although previously they seem to have
bad a straggle. The same is true of
vegetables that appear to starve on !
very rich soil. The trouble with the
soils of such gardens is that they have
all the necessary manurial elements prc-,
sent, bot they are not in a condition for
the plants to make use of at once.
In applying nitrate of soda to the
garden it is always better to weigh oat
the amount desired, and then mix it
with fine soil or sand about five times
its quantity. Mix this thoroughly, so
that in spreading it io the garden an !
even distribution will be obtained. |
The nitrate of soda deposited upon the j
leaves of tender plants might injure
them, or if it came in direct contact in j
large quantities with the stalks or !
roots. Consequently in applying it to
any growing plant it is better to scatter
the mixtur? between the rows, so that |
DO part of it gets OD the leaves. The
next raia that comes will wash the
nitrate into the soil, and the chemical
process will begin immediately, ic is a
good idea to hoe or rake the garden
right after applying the mixture, as the
nitrate begins actiou more quickly
theo, as it gets incorporated into the
soil immediately.
There are many advantages obtained
from the use of ottrate of soda on soils
that are rich with vegetable material,
bat it should never be used as a perfect
manare. It is only & suplement to the
others. It performs its best fonction
when applied as a top dressing wheo
the plants are ap and growing. It
stimulates them into new growth, and
it will often basteo their maturity by
one or two weeks. Ic is the commoo
experience that crops, both of garden
and field, that have been forced by
nitrate of soda have a strooger
tendency to resist parasitic diseases,
tod io wet, damp seasons these crops
are the last coes to yield to the attacks
of fungi. Nitrate of soda will o ever
exhaust the laod, bat will simply make
available the material io it. Continue
to feed tho land with proper barnyard
manures, aod the citrate of soda will
prepare their plant food for immediate
ase. Try it oo yoor strawberries,
vegetables aod other garden crops.-S.
VV. Chambers, io Americao Cultivator.
Fverybody thought last year's cotton
;rop was a small one, and yet seven
million bales have been marketed aod
the receipts for ooe-third of the year,
sp to Sept. 1st, still to bear from.
The bimetalio coofercoce DOW beiog
jeld io Loodoo for the purpose of
.eacbing ao international agreement by
which silver cao be restored to its place
is a money metal, has demonstrated
joite conclusively that sentiment io
Favor of the free coinage of gold aod
silver at a ratio to be fixed by commoo
igreemeot betweco all the great com?
mercial nations of the world is rapidly
growing io Europe, aod especially io
England aod Germany.-New Orleans
States.
When Baby was sick, we gave her Castoria.
When she was a Child, she cried for Castoria.
When she became Miss, she clung to Castoria.
When she had Children, she gave them Castoria
FOR
-FULL ASSORTMENT
BEST NEW GARDEN SEED,
-FULL LINE
Prat Dis aili Chemicals.
CALL ON
J. S. HUGKSON & CO.,
Monaghan Block. MAIN STREET,
Feb 8. SUMTER, S. C.
Many Narrow Escapes
And Thrilling Incidents
CHARACTERIZE
A YANKEE
IN GRAY
And make it one of the most
stirring stories ever written by
M. QUAD
That master of the story teller's
art It is Copyrighted and Illus?
trated and will be printed in
serial form
IN THIS PAPER
h. D. JOHNSTON,
SUMTER, S. C.
-THE
Practical Carpenter,
Contractor and Builder,
WOULD RESPECTFULLY inform the
citizens of Sumter and surrounding
country that be is prepared to furnish plans,
and estimates on brick and woodeo buildings.
All work entrusted to bim will be done
first class.
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.
Aug 19
THE WASHINGTON HAND PRESS
heretofore used by The Watchman and
Southron, will be sold low for Cash. It will
print ac 8 column paper.
The Great Farm, Industrial and
StocJc Journal of the South.
ONE YEAH FOR SI.
Sample copies will be mailed FREE on ap?
plication to
THE CULTIVATOR PUBLISHING CO..
Bor 415, Atlanta, GA.
REMOVAL.
LEVAN'S BARBER SHOP bas been,
removed to the room over Mr. B. J.
Barnett's store, in bia new building on Main
Street. Thanking my friends for pa9t favors
I solicit their continued patronage in my
new stand, where I am better prepared (
rve them with satisfaction to them, as weo
myself. Respectfully.
JOSEPH LEVAN.
Dec. 6-4.
Y. M. C. A.
Until farther notice, the Reading
Room of the Y. M G. A. will be opeo
daily from 8 30 to IO P. M.
Dailies, weeklies, monthlies, will be
found there. Also, the Library from
the S. L. [. bas been removed to the
rooms of the Y. M. 0. A.
An earnest invitation is extended to
all to visit the rooms and take advan?
tage of the reading matter.
OTTOF.WEITERS,
WHOLESALE
GROCER,
AND
LIQUOR DEALER,
OFFICE AND SALESROOM :
183 East Bay, Charleston, S. C.
Nov. 7-0
J. F. W. DeLORME
DEALER IN
Agent
Toilet Soaps, Perfumery and all Kiwis ot Druggist's
Sundries Usually Kept in a
F*lir&t Class X>ru.s Store.
Tobacco, Snuff |and Cigars, Garden Seeds, also Paints, Oils, Varnishes,
Glass Putty, &c., Dye Stuffs.
Physician's Prescriptions carefully compounded, and orders answered with care
and dispatch. The public will find my stock of Medicines complete, warranted
genuine, and of best quality. Call and see for yourselves.
Night Calls Promptly Attended To.
Densmore,
THE WORLD'S GREATEST TYPEWRITER,
The Machine that took the only award for
Typewriters at the State Fair, Nov. 8,1893.
'NO MACHINE COULD BE ANY BETTER,
TT IS PERFECT.'
Private statement of one of the Judges.
THE ONLY AWARD WAS ALSO MADE
-TO US
FOR TYPEWRITER SUPPLIES.
i
County Agents Wanted.
J. W. GIBBES & CO.,
GEN. AGENTS, COLUMBIA, S. C.
The '94 Model just out is Unrivalled.
NOA. 29.
I wish to state to the Farmers of Sumter and Clarendon Counties that I have gotten in a car
load of McCORMIC REAPERS, SELF-BINDERS, MOWERS and HAY RAKES.
It is a settled fact that theMcCormic Co., makes the lightest draft nod most durable Grain
and Grass cutting machinery made in this or anv other country.
Our prices Hre verv low and terms easy. Write to me fur caralogur, which will be mailed
to you free of charge. Il contains cuts of all machines and gives tull descriptLns of them.
GEO. F. EPPERSON, Agent.
SUMTER, S. C.
Mch 21
Office at Epperson's Livery Stable.
A LS H & [.?MPANY
THE LEADERS,
-Have a New Feature
HA Bargain Counter,! !
?M: lil . O _
On which will be placed all remnant lots of
SHOES
In which most of the sizes have been sold. On this counter
from time to time will be placed
Some exceptional Drives.
Don't fail to come and look over, you might find your size,
and if you do not we will sell you a pair from the shelves
almost as cheap. We have a full stock and we must sell them.
Our line of Dress Shoes for Ladies and Gents
will please anybody.
WALSH & CO.,
Monaghan Block - Sumter, S. C.
April 18.
for Infants and Children.
" Castoria is so well adapted to children that
! recommend it as superior to any prescription
:.uown to mc.'1 IL A. AKCHZ*, IL D.,
Ill So. Orford Ct., Brooklyn, Y.
**Thc use of 'Castoria i? so universal and
i:s merits so well known that it seems a work
of supererogation to endorse it Few are the
intelligent families who do not keep Castoria
within easy reach."
CARLOS 3IARTT:;, D. D..
liew York City
Castoria cures Colic, Constipation,
Sour Stomach, Diarrhoea, Eructation,
Kills Worms, gives sleep, and promotes di?
gestion,
"Without injurious medication.
"For several years I have recommended
your 4 Castoria,* and shall always continue to
do SD as tb has mvariablyproduced beneficial
results."
EDWDI F. PARDEE, 31. D.,
125th Street and 7th Ave., New York City.
TEE CENTAER COMPA>T, 77 MEEBA*. STREET, NEW YORK CITY.
SCHWERIN & CO.
New Orleans Molasses
In Barrels, Half Barrels and Kegs.
Flour, Sugar, Coffee,
.Crackers, Meat, Lard,
Cheese, Starch, Soap,
And everything nice in the Grocery Line
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
Call and See Us.
Our Retai Department is Comp ete.
Schwerin & Co.
Feb. 7._
JE WE LR 1*.
Watches, Diamonds,
?
Sterling and Plated Silverware?
LARGE STOCK SUITABLE FOR WEDDING PRESENTS. .
Cocks, Optica Goods, Fine Knives, Scissors
and Razors, Machine Needes, &c.
FOLSOM.
SIGN OF THE BIG WATCH.
ESTABLISHED 1868._ SumtgT? S. C.
A Modern Work of reference for the Home9
Library, Office or Schoo . 15 Roya Octavo
Vo s., 50,000 Tit es, 125 Doub e Page Maps,
150 Doub e Page I ustrations
Cash or easy payments. Write for terms to
CHAS. H. CHAPMAN,
P, 0. Box, 195, Charleston, S. C, General Southern Agent.
Feb 14-1
LOW FOR CASH.
A CAR LOAD OF
Fine Buggy Horses. ~
A Full Line of
OLD HICKORY WAGONS,
BTTGG-IES. CARRIAGES, HARNESS,
WHIPS, ETC.
Ali!? FOR SAME LOW FOR CASH.
W. 91. GRAHAM.
Jan. ll.
I RETAIL,
White Corn at 75c. per bushel in sacks,
Mixed Oats, at 55c, '? " " 44
Ship Stuff, at ?1.25 per 100 lbs., in sacks.
Choice Timothy Hay, $1.20 per 100 lbs., in bales.
Cotton Seed Meal, at $1.30 per sack.
Cotton Seed Hulls, at $4 50 per ton in bulk.
Lime, $1.25 per barrel.
I ALSO SELL
Rosendale and Portland Cement, Plaster of Paris, Cow Hair,
Fire Bricks, Flue Pipe, Sewer Pipe,
And Other Building Material.
Special Prices on Large Lots.
H. HARBY.