Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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totttchiKftit ono TBE SUMTER WATCHMAN, Established April, 1850. "Be Just and Fear not-Let allZthe Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's." THE TRUE SOUTHRON, Established Jane, 1366 Consolidated Aug. 2,1881 New Series-Vol. XIII. ;So.i32. C?j?Montan at? Sontlpit Published Every Wednesday, 3M. G-. Osteen, SUMTER, S. C. TERMS : Two Dollars per aooam-io advance. ADVERTISEMENT: One Square first insertion.......$1 00 Every subsequent iosertion... 50 Contracts for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. All communications which subserve private interests will be charged foras advertisements. Obituaries aod tributes of respect will be charged for. NEW MARBLE WORKS, COMMANDER & RICHARDSON, LIBERTY STREET, SUMTER, S. C. WE BAVE FORMED A CO-PARTNERSHIP For the purpose of working Marble aod Granite, manufacturing Knits, Moues, Etc. ' And doing a General Business in that lise. m A complete workshop bas been Sited up on LIBERTY STREET, NEAR POST OFFiCE And we are now ready to execute with promptness all orders consigned to os. Satis? faction guaranteed. Obtain our price before placing an order elsewhere. W. H. COMMANDER, G. E. RICHARDSON. Jnoe 16. H. A. HOYT, MAIN STREET. SUMTER, S. C. SOLD ANO SILVER WATCHES, FINE DIAMONDS, dod?, Jewelry, Spectacles, MERIDEN BRITANIA SILVERWARE, &c. REPAIRING A SPECIALTY. Feb. 1 WRIGHT'S HOTEL COLUMBIA, S. G. -o 3. L. WRIGHT ? SON, Proorietor?. OTTO P. WEITERS. WHOLESALE GROCER, AND LIQUOR DEALER, OFFICE AND SALESROOM: 183 East Bay, Charleston, S. C. Nov. 7-0 Order Your PROVISIONS ANO GROCERIES FROM GEO. f. STEFFENS & SON, Wholesale Agents, Charleston, S. C. -Agents for MOTT'S CIDES, . BSD SEAL CISAES, and DOVE HAMS. Lu D. JOHNSTON, SUMTER, S. C. -THE Practical Carpenter, Contractor and Builder, WOULD RESPECTFULLY inform the citizens of Sumter and surrounding country that be is prepared to furnish plans, and estimates on brick and wooden buildings. AU work entrusted to him will be done first class. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. Aug 19 REMOVAL. LEVAN'S BARBER SHOP has been removed to the roora over Mr. B. J. Barnett's store, io bis new building on Main Street. Tbaoking my friends for past favors I so-icit their continued patronage in my new stand, where I am better prepared to serve them with satisfaction to them, as wei as myself. Respectfully. JOSEPH LEVA*. Dsc 6-4. Tillman Manifesto. * Tbe State, March 3. Everything is practically settled in regard to the calling of that early con? vention of the Reformers which the Alliance faction so vigorously demand? ed at Washington at the conference held about a month ago, and which the Irby-Evans faction so vigorously kicked against. The (Holleton idea is going to Jbc worked out as speedily as possible io the several counties, with some modi? fications, and the convention is going to be held some time in April. The de? velopments The State spoke of caused Governor Tillman to back down from his intention to directly call a conven? tion accompanying it with an address to the people, but the Alliance people do not care about the matter one way or the other. The Coileton idea, as already stated, will accomplish 'their purposes as well as a direct call. Nominations may be looked for wheo the convention meets. Governor Tillman has, however, is? sued what amouots to the same thing as a call, in a manifesto mentioned yes? terday in The State, which has been placed in the deceptive form of an in? terview. In reality it is nothing but the call be was to issue, but in another shape. It was published in the organ yesterday morning being given to it exclusively, no other paper or corres? pondent being allowed access to it. Being such a contrast to the interview published by the Governor upon bis return from Washington on the matter of .an early convention, and amounting to a call over his owo signature, it is deemed of sufficient importance to the readers of The State to quote the prin? cipal portions of it. The Gevernor has couched what he bad to say in verjf carefully chosen language. In giving bis ideas of the call issued by the Colle ton people, the Governor says : "I feel so tue reluctance m obtruding my views on the public ou a matter which I folly discussed in an interview shortly after my return from Washing? ton*. There is evident among the peo? ple a feeling of restlessness and an uncertainty arising from all this talk and advocacy of an early .convention. If the 'antis' were making any active moves, I could understand it, and see i how it would be desirable or necessary to concentrate the Reform vote in sup? port of one leader, but the advocates of a convention to nominate a Reform candidate for Governor appear to for? get that such a nomination, without previous discussion to allow the people to judge of the fitness of the various aspirants, is totally inconsistent with all our previous professions and practices, and must necessarily breed heartburn \ugs among the candidates who may be cut out and cause disgust among their friends. The dangers which some men profess to see, if there is a free-for all race io the primary, do not appear to me as great as those which will confront os should the man who may get such nomination not meet the expectations of the people when he begins to canvass." 'The Governor stated that the candi? date for Governor will make a canvass of the State, and continues : ??Why, 0f course. The constitution of the Democratic party io. this State requires candidates for State unices to make a canvass, and should a conven? tion pur, forward a man who did not give satisfaction on the stump, some other Reformer, or uoobjectional anti would inevitably be brought out and ?might beat the convention nominee. We had better be consistent in our practices and adhere to our principles and run the one danger rather than stultify our-elves and at the same time run the other risk." In regard to the course to be pursued by the Reformers, he says : The Coileton people have bit on a scheme to allay the unrest, which is, perhaps, as good as any, with two ad? ditions or changes. They were in too big a hurry, and instead of calling a convention of one from each county, the mass meeting of Reformers iu the differ? ent counties should simply meet and elect one of their best men, with no axe to grind, to form a State campaign committee. It takes at least three weeks for any movement among the people to get under way, so as to carry the whole mass. One half the Reformers in Coile? ton do not yet know that a mass meet " ing is called for that county next Mon? day, and not knowiog it, they would resent any radical action such as instructing their delegate of one to the State convention to call a nominating convention later. If it is the desire of the masses of the Reformers to move in this matter the process is easy and simple, but it must not be too hurried. There is no need of hurry, anyway, and any movement which does not come from the people themselves will create great dissatisfaction and must defeat. "The only way in which it can be brought about is for fifteen or twenty leading men in each county to unite iu a call similar to that of the Coileton lead crs for a mass meeting of Reformers at i j their respective court houses, salesday j j in April, to elect a member of a State ! j Reform campaign committee. This eau j J be done next Monday in every county, j and I hope it will be done. There are j many reasons why we should have sac a committee, of which I will toll ye directly. A mooth being giveo darin which tho people can discuss the que tion of convention or no convention, tl mass meetings in April, when the elect their representatives on the Sta campaign committee, can at the sam tine decide for or against a con ven tic and instruct as to their wishes. If an shorter time is given the committc would not represent truly the wish< of the people.** Talking about the work of this con mittee, Governor Tillman prooceeds t say : "The first thing would be to set ? rest this question of a Reform oomioat tiog convention, and until that is doo the bickerings and jealousies and ambi tions of the aspirants for the varioc offices will keep the Reform camp io constant state of turmoil. If it is de cided by this committee to cal] a con vention, (coming as it will, fror thc people, after fair and fu notice) no fair m ind ed, loyal Re former can obj ?ct, and we will hav gained that unity and harmon which do not now exist. If, on th other hand, the question of nominatio be left to be settled at the Au^us primary, as I hope it will be, this com mittee will have charge of the Reforc campaign, and will look after the inter ent8 of the Reform faction." The Governor thinks that Democrat have a perfect right to fight each othe this way inside the party ranks. I speaking of the probabilities of th Antis putting out a ticket, be says : "If there is unity and h rmcny an fair play among the Reformers no, notfor Governor or State officers, bu they are going to make a desperate effor to control thc Legislature ; and tb whiskey ring and railroads wil furnish a large corruption fund." He thinks that natioual issues wil play a prominent part in the campaign and says the Cleveland gold bugs wil assist the railroads aod whiskey peopli to raise a big campaign fund. He say the Reform party is stronger than it ha ever been, and if his advice is followet no one eau buy "our people.'' In case the campaign committei is "advised" by the people to calla con venttoo, he says he would give this ad vice : * 'Let the Reformers iu each town ship meet and elect delegates to a count; convention just the same as to a Demo eratic county convention The baianc< of the programme could conform ii every respect to the system adopted bi the Democratic party as a whole. Thus bas the Governor, the erstwbih power iu the land, spoken. Now ie the game proceed. The Abbeville meeting is the nex thing of interest ou the programme. I comes off on Monday. The Alliance faction are perfectly weil satisfied wit! what the Governor has done, and thej don't propose to worry with this meet? ing. It wa* stated yesterday by one o the leaders that Comptroller Ellerbe the strongest candidate of this faction will positively not attend the meeting, but will steer clear of alt pitfalls. He will not return here from the low coun try till Tuesday next. None of the other contemplated candidates of this faction will attend. The opponents ol the Irby-Evans faction say that Evan? and Pope will doubtless be the only twe candidates present. Mr. Evans says he will certainly be there ; he always goes where the people want him. He en? dorses now what the Governor has said above on the "Colletoo idea." GETTING IDEAS. Mr. John Gary Evans, the recog? nized candidate of the Irby faction, arrived in the city Thursday night, and yesterday he had a loug consultation with the Governor No doubt he came here to see and hear from the Gover? nor himself if what has been said about the Chief Executive dropping off the fence was so, and to find out what all these recent occurrences mean. Any? bow, Mr. Evans dined with the Gover? nor, and will uot leave here for a day or two. --mar- ^mmmm^ The following interesting story of how a canary was cured of homesickness was tofd by a well-known gentleman : 44Not long ago my wife purchased a ca? nary at a bird store. It bad been accustomed to companions of irs kind at the store, but at our house it was entirely alone. The pretty little songster was evidently homesick. It would not sing, it would not eat but just drooped and seemed to be pining away. We talked to it, and tried by every means io our power to cheer the bird up, but all in vain. My wife was on the point of carrying the bird back to the store when one day a friend said : "Give him a piece of looking glass." Acting on this suggestion, she tied a piece of a broken mirror about the size of a man's hand on the outside of thc cage. The little fellow hopped down from his perch almost immediately, and, going ap close, looked in, seeming delighted. He shirped and hopped about, singing all the pretty airs be was master of. He never was homesick after that. He spends thc most of his time before the glass, and when he goes to sleep at night he will cuddle down as ciose to the glass as he can, thinking, very likely, that he is getting nour to to the pretty bird that he sees so of ?ten.'' Gen. Jubal A. Early. G-en. Jubal A. Early died at Lynch? burg, V., on March 2 at 10.30 p. ai. He passed away quietly in the presence of his family aud physician, his kindred and several intimate friends. The old General seemed aware of his approaching end early in the day. Be? fore noon he called for the morning paper, as was his invariable custom, and attempted to read, but found that bis sight was failing. Soon after be extended his hand to Senator Daniel and calmly said : "I want to tell you good-by, Major.'' He then told his nephew, Cabell Early farewell, after which he dropped into a quiet slumber. Later in the day the dying veteran asked Senator Daniel not to leave the room, as he wanted to talk with him about certain arrangements ; but from that time be suffered such intense pain that he did not revive the subject. He met death unflinchingly, with his hand resting quietly in Senator Dan? iel's. It is though that Gen. Early has left a good estate, though he was a man of astonishing generosity and es? pecially towards his numerous relatives and needy ex-Confederates. Jubal Anderson Early was born in Franklin county, Virginia, Nov. 3, 1816. He was graduated at the United States military academy in 1837, appointed a lieutenant of artillery and assigned to duty at Fort Mooroe, Va. He served in the Flori? da war in 1837-38, resigned from the army in July, 1838, and began the ; practice of law in Virginia. He served in the Legislature of 1841 42, and was commonwealth attorney in 1842-47, and again in 1848-52. During the Mexican war he was major of a regiment of Virginia, volun? teers, serving from January, 1847, until August, 1848, was acting Gover? nor of Monterey in May and June, 1847, and after thc disbanding of the army returned to the practice of law. At the beginning of the great civil war be entered the Confederate ser? vice as a colonel, commanded a bri gage at Bull Run, and in the battle of Williamsburg, May 5, 1863, was supposed to be be mortally wounded. He was promoted brigadier general, and in May, 1863, commanded the division that beld the lines an Fred ricksburg while Lee was fighting the battle of Chancellorsville. He also commanded a division at Gettysburg. In 1864 he was ordered to ihe valley of the Shenandoah, where his opera tioos were at first successful. In July he crossed the Potomac, gained the battle of Mouocacy aud threatened Washingtou, but was obliged to re? treat. Toward the end of the month a portion of bis cavalry advanced into Pennsylvania as far as Chambersburg, which, by his orders, they burned He was afterwards, on Sept. 19, defeated by Sheridan on the Opequan, and again at Fisher's Hill three days later. On Oct. 19 Gen. Early surprised the Union forces at Cedar Creek io the abseuce of Gen. Sheridan ; but the latter, hav? ing arrived in the afternoon, rallied his army and gained a decisive victory, Gen. Early losing the greater part of his artillery aud trains. In March, 1865 he was routed by Gen. Custer at Waynesboro', and a few days later he was relieved by Gen. Lee from the command in the valley ; that general saying in his letter of March 30, 1865. "Your reverses in the valley, of which the public in the army judge chiefly by the results, have, I fear, impaired your influence both with the people and the soldiers, and would greatly add to the difficul? ties which will, under any circum? stances, attended our military opera? tions in Southwest Virginia. While my own confidence in your ability, zeal and devotion to the cause is unimpair? ed, I have nevertheless felt that t could not oppose what seems to be the cur? rent opinion without injustice to your reputation and injury to the service.'' After the close of the war, Gen. Early spent some time in Europe, and on his return resumed the practice of law in Richmond. He subsequently took up his residence in New Orleans (alternatively with Lynchburg) where, with Gen. Beauregard, he became a mauager of the Louisiana lottery. Geu. Early was presiddent; of the Southern Historical Society, and in 1867 published a pamphlet entitled "A Memoir of the Last Year of the War for Independence in the Confederate States." The Southern States, a magazine published at Baltimore, Md., io the interest of immigration to the South, is printing io every numbers letters from Northern farmers who have settled in the South. These letters make the convincing and effective presentation of the attractions of tho South in soil, climate, healthfulness, agricultural capabilities, etc., and every locality in the South should see that all the letters of this sort obtainable are sent to the Southern States. AU Northern settlers j in the South are invited by the Editor j of thc Southern States to write to him I about their experience in the South, j etc., and their letters will be published. I Something on the Subject of j Constabulary Outrages. Mr. Geo. S. Legare Tells what he Knows About Several Recent Oases. News and Courier March 1. A representative of The Newe and Courier called on Mayor George S. Legare last night to know what had been done in the Belitzer case against Walter Gaillard and Charles Mc? Donald "Absolutely nothing," answered Major Legare. "I went myself with Mr. Belitzer to Trial Justice Williman's office Monday moroing about ll o'clock and we bad a warrant sworn out against the constables. I requested that the warrant be served at once, and was j assured that it would be. In the after? noon Mr. Pockbaber. a client of mine, reported to me that his porter, Lawrence Williams, bad been arrested and taken to Justice Williman's office by two con? stables. Williams is the young boy wbo was shot, at by McDonald on Satur? day. Upon further iuquiry I learned that McDonald has assisted io the arrest of Williams and had handcuffered the boy. Whether deputized to make the arrest or not I cannot say, but the fact reajains that McDonald and another ar? rested Williams and took him before the justice despite the fact that a warrant had been issued for his (McDonald's) arrest, and he (McDonald) is still at large. I am confident that Mr. Belitzer bas a well founded complaint against the constable. I have no doubt that the robbing of him of the empty demijohn was done through malice entertained towards by .him the spies. Mr. Belitzer was one of my wit? nesses for the State in the Elliott-Nolte case. It would not have surprised me in the least if they bad taken his horse and buggy along with the demijohn. As far as the law is concerned they had just as much right to it. It is hard to tell where this sort of thing will end. Each day we are confronted with some new act of atrocity at the bands of these vagaboods. Although the bead gentleman' of them all, Governor Till? man, has said the Act does not iotend that private houses should be raided, I understand that two such places were raided to-day. One of these places, I am told, presented a very pitiable scene between the spies and some four or five children, their mother and aged grand? mother. Governor Tillman's cattle went about their degrading work in the usual way, regardless of the protesta? tions, tears and entreaties of the women and children, who were crying out for protection with no ooe to protect them. The Act of the last Legislature undoubtedly gives them the power to search private residences io the day time or at night and without warrant no matter what the Governor may say to the contrary. I think this is clearly set j forth in the able editorial of to-day's ' issue of your paper However, this searching private residences, or any other place in fact, without a warrant is absolutely unconstitutional. Indivi? dually I go beyond this and say ? am thoroughly in accord with the expres? sions of the Hon. Geo. D. Tillman as published in The News and Courier some time since. A man's house is his castle and when the sanctity of bis home can be violated at any time by a horde of unscrupulous rascals such as tbese men are known to be, (ben we no longer live in a land of freedom. It were bet? ter far to live in Russia. However. I am glad that those people of Charleston who were anxious to have the metro? politan police bill passed have this opportunity of judging for themselves what metropolitan police would mean to Charleston." An Actor's Mistake. A celebrated French actor came over to England ; he bad studied I the English language carefully. His j friends were a little anxious about his ? powers of aquiring its difficult j pronunciation, but bc said he felt j confident that, well made up and by [ gaslight, his accent would pass mus? ter. But alas ! he was over-hope- ? ful. The crucial evening arrived, and he j wanted, at the most pathetic moment of the play, to exclaim in broken voiced despair, "I shall die! I shall die! i there is peace tn the grave ;" but his histrionic powers carried him away, j and he forget his carefully prepared pronunciation, and in heart-broken i tones, he sobbed forth ! "I shall die. I shall die ! there is peas io the gravy !" And then could not under? stand why all the theatre shouted with laughter. The Ten Commandments of Charity. The thoroughly practical article "How Not To Help The Poor," by Pr?sident John H. Finley, io the March Dumber of The Cbautauquan, closes with the following ten commaud meots of charity given by the exper? ience of the past : Thoa shalt have no other motive io giving before the good of the poor. Thoo shalt not give to the beggar for the iniquity of such a gift may be visited unto the third and fourth generations of him who receives it. Thou shalt not take the name of charity in vain. Thou shalt not tempt son or daughter to thrust father or mother or brother or sister upon the poor-rate. Remember the spirit of charity to keep it holy Thou shalt not kill the soul of man by feeding his stomach. Thou shalt not let mothers bury their shame in an orphan asylum nor fathers hide their greed Thou shalt not rob the poor to feed the pauper. Thou shalt not covet the name of philanthropist for thine own glory. Thou shalt not let thy giving bear false witness to its motive. If these or like commandments were taught by the churches today and were learned by all private as well as corpo? rate and church givers, we should be able to dispense with the historic poor law, the mother of all poor laws, and to substitute for the harmful private char? ity of the past, an organized discrimi? nating charity with the spirit which belongs to the old Greek word from wbicb itis derived, and which belongs also to that word of Anglo-Saxon origin which bas been substituted for it in the Revised Version of the New Testament, love. Picking Chickens. A soldier who served under Rose? crans says that his method of picking confiscated bens and turkeys was as follows : The bead of the fowl was cot off with a quick sharp blow; it was then plunged immediately into a bucket of cold water and held till it was done fluttering. The feathers were then removed more quickly than if it had been plunged in hot water. Further Carelessness in the Preparation of the Laws. Yesterday attention waa called to the fact that io thc act auiendatory to the act providing for the punishment of misdemeanors, i. e.. certain specified crimes, that no punishment whatever is provided for disposing of property under lien, larceny of life stock and crops from the field and obtaining property under false pretenses when the value of such property so disposed of, stolen or obtained, respectively,, falls below $5. Tbe section of the act formerly on thc statute books provided for the punishment of all such pretty offenders, but now the bars are let down for the petty thieves to do their work. Another serious complication occurs in the act for the punishment of par? ties stealing any crude turpentine of the value of ?5 or more. The a*ct, which is very brief, makes this offence a misdemeanor, and the punishment is provided in these words : "And on? conviction thereof shall be punished by imprisonment for .not more than one year or by a fine of not more than ?100 or imprisonment not exceeding thirty days." Several laivyers were asked yesterday for the meaning of this, and they give it up. The real trouble oc? curs in the matter of jurisdiction. No trial justice can imprison a man for a year, and the question arises whether he can legally try him for an offence for which the right is given some one to imprison the offender for conviction fer so long a time. Still another trouble, which is, per? haps, not the fault of the Legislature has developed io consequence of a pro? vision in the act amending the law as to the licenses of hawkers and ped? dlers. It will be remembered that the act did away with the old, provision for a uniform license of $200 per year, and provided that the county commis? sioners should fix license fees for their respective counties. The provision which causes the trouble was that the commissioners were required .to do this at their first meeting io January after the passage of the act, and the right was given them to fix the license at no other time.-The State. Highest of all in Leavening Power.-Latest U. S. Gov't Report ABSOLUTELY PURE