Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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etary stringency and. panics, we tarn to the trade of Loudon amazed at its magnitude. Qi seven hundred vessels enter every year, she owos ooe-fourt shipping tonnage of the king? more tbao ooe-half of the larg? ships, while one hnndred or m< sels enter her pore daily aod she nearly one%aii of the value o? merchandise of Great Britain thousand distinct trades or occi flourish there, and her maoofi establishments are as numerous are diversified. Io schools, c and charitable institutions she U world and her beneficences throughout the earth IQ bc ence on English history sod io tl nitude of ber area and popula the grandeur of ber achievmei impress on the world, London without a rival. And as London ia to England influence and wealth, so is P France. Its political history sti middle ages, is well nigh the hist France itself: and in one gre tragic event, especially, in tts bas left an iodellible impress on tl tiny of Europe. As long as memory endures., or human bis to a reader, will the unexainpiei bloody revolution of 1790, exe: wonder and borror of all ages, last syllable of recorded time. It the thrones of Europe like some u earthquake, and notwitbstaodin atrocities evoked a spirit ot I which Kings and Emperors have forgotten, and inaugurated that of political liberalism which bas i ci pat ed the masses and is even surging against the throne ol white Czar, himself. Its effect ii in the French Republic of to-day, well may all liberty-loving Frene grow wild with enthusiasm as ea< curring 14th of July, Gommern? the deliverance of France from k tyranny. In literary and scie achievements, splendid arcbitec diversified amusements and opulet fashion Paris is the leader of m< civilization Passing by Berlin, the capita that magnificent German Em uoited by the genius of Bismarck, its influence on that Empire, Rom chief city of modern Italy, the kio| founded by the patience, skill, ability of Cavour ; or those wood cities of the Car East, Pekin and T< with their vast areas, teeming milli and hoary with age,' the former seat of the most venerable of emp and the latter of the most progressif Eastern countries, which as yet in swaddling clothes of modern civi ti on, is aping its customs and man and improvements, both of which e exercise a tremendous if not control influence, on these two Empires, le turn to our own wonderful coan and briefly trace the influence of cities, on its past, present and fut destiny, and in this connection indi in a few thoughts on the great ques of municipal govert meoc. The early settlers of this com located on the sea cost, and for fi protection congregated in 'towns, : thus laid the foundation of muoici government. In the Colonial d ' they maintained a continuous strug with the governors sent out by Mother Country, and this paved way for the struggle which eveotua in their independence. The four pr cipal cities up td, and for many deca< succeeding the American Revoluti* were Boston, New York, Philadelph and Charleston, and in each cao traced the peculiar characteristics of i settlers, ?ho located aod built the whether we take the disputative a contentious spirit of the Puritan, t stolidity of the Dutch, mixed witbt pugnacious obstinacy of the Eoglie the quiet sober-sided independence the Quaker or the fiery, assertati spirit of the Cavalier, aod the carnet ness of convictions of the Hogueni In all of them was sown the seed, of dependence of thought, and grada progress in the direction of self-gover ment, which extended outwardly to tl country, until the Revolution of 187 culminated in the independence of tl Thirteen Colonies. The early straggl for existence, repeated wars with the Ii di an 8, the foolish, but vexatious a tempts of the Crown, from time to tia to, over awe their liberties, restrain the privileges and too often exact rapaciot taxes ; all combined to evolve from tb fiery furnace of such trials, and dev< lope, a race o? men qualified to play th part io the Great Drama, which ever mated io the foundation and es ta bl is I ment of a government without paralh io history. And it may be safe! asserted that, but for the opposition c these cities and their organized effort to resist the aggressions of the Crown the American Revolution would neve have boen inaugurated, while io th? system of sending expresses from one ti the other, they maintained the touch o the elbow, aod kept the whole couotrj informed of currents eveots. Over one hundred years have elapsed since the termination of that momentous struggle aod New York has forged tc the froot as the third city of the world in commercial and financial importance; Philadelphia has grown io population and stands second only to New York oo this continent, while Boston has become thrifty io enterprises, with increasing commercial relations. All three of them have left Charleston far in the back ground, which up to the end of the last century was second only to New York ; but io pluck and fortitude against adverse fortune,* the victim of war, fire, .floods and earthquakes she has arisen Phceaix-Iike from the ashes of her woe, undaunted and hopeful? and the earnest wish of ?very true and un selfish Carolinian i? that tbe deai etty, so fragrant with the memorie tbe days of yore, may grow stro j and ber prosperity become more ass j as the years roll on. This 19-h century io which wei has witnessed the most remark changes in the history of the civil world, bot nowhere are these chai more wonderful than in our own c< try. From an infant a century aj has io that short space of time attai the statue of a giant. The terri ceded by Virginia, the parcha? Louisiana and Florida, the annexa of Texas and cession of Califo opened op new fields of enterprise, population began to pour ?oto the deruess and have converted it in garden, while steam supplanting bm energy, has developed the whole of I magnificent domain, and cities h sprung into existence which are < tined to exercise a wonderful influe upon our future The Old World emptied its millions into that vast i tioo ?and people of every fiorop nation and tongue with diverse id and habits have Hocked thither, ) imparted to many of its cities a tend cy to communism and anarchy, prod tive of serious apprehension. Chica St. Louis, Omaha, Denver aod f Francisco arc rivalling the cities of Atlantic Coast and in the rapid iucre of their population, extent of tt trade and railroad connections are d tined in the uear future to control t great Western world; the effects which no political prophet cao foret The cities of the North and West, m especially than these of the South, cause of their wealth, are the cent where originate the great financ schemes, syndicates and enterpris which have organized banks, fae to ri railroads, and opened up mines, a navigated oceans and rivers. T combination of capital presents a m serious problem, as octopus-like, threatens to absorb the great factors national power and individual li ber i Tbe startling effect of the growth oor cities is strikingly set forth by Rc Josiah Strong in that remarkable bo of his, "Our Country" and no one c read his chapter on this subject witho experiencing a feeling of alarm for o future. Their growth io population at wealth has been out of proportion, that of country districts,, and tl tendency is to flock to them, to tl dimunition of agricultural pursuit with their healthful, physical ai mental effects. Thither congregate ti the foreign immigrant, with his i developed ideas of our institution while political bossism finds in them i fullest realization, and the rule corrupt rings has at times ron rio There is to be found congested weall and degraded poverty ; the rich grov ing richer and the poor poorer. Hem George, with a power of expressio which Itburial-like gilds and beautify the dryest subject, bas in bis Progrei and Poverty, borne testimony to tb baleful effects of our great Norther and Western cities on the conditioo < their people. What is to be the om come of increasing population an their congested condition and power c combined capital, is an insoluble prob lem. How long can popular govern ment withstand them; for if as has beei wisely said "the fundamental idea c popular government is tbe distributio of power, and it has been the struggle o liberty for ages to wrest power from tb< hands of oue or the few and lodge it ii the hands of many," and the central iied power of these cities is to conti U' where is the end to be ? Their in flu ence is well oigh dominant in the Stat? Legislation of the North and West and is extendiog to the Bails o Congress. Their impress, financially and industrially is most potent, and tb? policy of the government; has been in t great measure in accord with theil ideas ; and the interest of the East hat io too many instances been developed io opposition to those of the Stath and West. In consequence thereof there ic among the agricultural elements, nota? bly of these sections, an unhappy state of unrest and dissatisfaction and foi which feeling there has been unfortu? nately too often, good ground. The masses of the people are in a state of ferment and it is the sheerest folly to pooh pooh this condition of affairs, and attribute it to the arts of the demagogue or political huckster alooe They may contribute to fan the flame, but have not produced it, however much they may have helped to keep it at fever heat, j ? wise statesmanship demands that j heed be given to their dissatisfaction, j The fact is the average intelligence of ! the masses has increased, and parties j and party leaders must give attention ; to them, as their concerns forms public j opinion, which "towering over Prcsi I deut and State Governors, over Con ? gre8S and State Legislatures, over con ; ventions, and the vast machinery of party, stands out io the United States as the great source of power, the master S of servants, who tremble before it." j And yet we have confidence in the i capacity of the country to right itself, ! and such faith in our people j as to believe, that out of this cen i tralizing tendency of these cities and this condition of disquietude, and j unrest there will emerge a better and ; more wholesome state of affairs, aod our cities aod towns will contribute to ; bring it about. We confidently hope j that the day of the mle and ruin I policy of cormorants like Tweed, have j passed forever, and the principles of i municipal government have become j established upon a higher plane of j enlightened wisdom. This question of municipal government is one of the most interesting, as it bas been one of I tbe most perplexing in our civil polity. Io our complex and yet simple (p doxioal as it -nay seen,) system government, en)bracing National, St (Jouuty aod ruuoicipal governm each separate and yet dependent, interdependent upon each other, each revolving upoo its own axis, constituting one systematical whole, have a system of adjusted balai and responsibilities, as unique as it comprehensive and efficient. Our ci with their charters and forms of g erument with power to levy ta: incut; debts, issue bonds and subset to enterprises, present many featu which distinguish them from those E J rope, and especially in their pi ciplcs of universal suffrage, upon wb depends their election of officers. ; which while in keepiug with our Am ican politv. at the same time present serious difficulty in their manageme Among the vexatious problems in I question of municipal government the extravagence of expenditure, works of internal improvement, in ponsibility of public servants, i reckless subscription to enterprises, i yet Professor Boyce iu his "Ameri< Commonwealth" the best work on < institutions ever written by Foreigner, bas said, "Whate defects have marked the progress such cities, no one acquainted w their history, will deny that since I problem assumed its present aspe progress has been made and substant progress, from decade to decade." T problem will never be any thing bat most difficult one, bat with all difficulties there is] every reason to hopeful." One thing is certain a that is that the attempt on the part State Legislatures to control cities special legislation or assume control their police government, is sure result in complication, misfortune a disaster and is contrary to the geni and spirit of local self-governmer A sorry day indeed, will it be, when o State Legislature undertakes to for upon our Metropolis or other cities, Metropolitan police system under t control of. the Governor of the State. In 1876 a Commissioner appointed I the Legislature of the State of Ne York to devise a plan for the gover meat of the cities of the State report? "that among the mischiefs to 1 apprehended one of the chief is" tl assumption by the Legislature of tl direct control of local affairs, and the report on the subject, is as exhausts as it is clear, and unanswerable. Much thought bas been bestowe upon reforms io municipal govern mei and various theories proposed. Sou of the suggestions are wise and ti mel while others are vague and theoretics Civil Service Reform, leoghtened tera of service for Mayor and Aldermen limitation of the taxing power, an borrowing money; one elector ( officers; of having a Mayor alone an giving him every executive function of having one general ticket regardiez of wards all of these ideas and pla have been suggested and strong artiole written in favor of. or against them The whole subject is so important tbs the fallest discussion is necessary ; fo as an able writer bas expressed it: "Th question of City Government is tba which chiefly occupies practica publicists, and which newspapers an magazine? incessantly discuss, becaus it is admittedly the weakest point of th country " It is a comfort to know tba progress has been made, and the citie of our country are better governed, an? their police aud sanitary regulations ar becoming better and better ; while th? influence of Municipal Government ii the direction of public health, safet; and educational facilities is being ex ercised in a wise and beneficent manner And now Mr. Mayor and Citizens this subject and train of thought leadi me in conclusion to say a few wordi especially appropriate to the occasion which has called us together. While not large in population or extensive ii area, this beautiful city of yours exercises a salutary influence over youi county ; and the responsibility entailed thereby demands a commensurate degree of reciprocity with your friends of the county, and no pains should be spared bj its people to do away with any possible friction or jealously between them and yourselves. Every inhabitant of this county must feel a commendable pride in the growth and progress of this city. It was incorporated as the village of Sumterville, Dec. 1845, with only a population of 500. In Dec. 1855 its name was changed to that of Sumter, and in Dec. 1869 it was incorporated as the town of Sumter, and in Dec. 1889, as the city of Sumter. At the close of the war it numbered 1250 inhabitants, and now 5000 From a few houses and a mere sand-bed, in 1845, without beauty or comeliness, you have now well laid out and well kept streets and beautiful shade trees, fine dwelling houses and commodious places of busi? ness, electric lights, water works, a tel? ephone system, and I would not be sur? prised to hear in the Dear future the whir of thc electric car traversing your thoroughfares. From the carriage and the gig, the whistles and bells of four railroads awakeo the echoes of your progressive city, while in industries you can boast of an ice factory, colton mill, two machine shops a brick yard, three planing mills, one door, sash and blind factory, and three newspapers all of them indicative of push and capital and forerunners of other enterprises. Every denomination has its place of worship and their churches or cathedral and synagogue indicate the liberality of re? ligious thought which characterizes your people, while your social inter- j course with each other demonstrates your catholicity of spirit and broad mindedness. And not only the practi cal and spiritual sides of your nature ? i are represented, but io your school*1, ? academies and institutes you have I afforded every opportunity for training the mind of the rising generation and j fitting them for future usefulness Io j j your municipal government you have shown your capacity for self-govern ment and the condition of your city with its quiet and peaceableness prove that law aod order prevail You have every reason to be proud of your city, and you have one quality which is com? mendable, and really an important j factor io the progres* of any city, and that is, you never depreciate it, but be? speak its praises, wherever you are. This is right, for it is very essential in this age to blow your own horn, and you have cause to blow a good big blast. Your oew City Hall to be erect? ed on this cornerstone, will be an orna? ment to your city. May its massive? ness, beauty of architecture and com? pleteness of arrangement typify its ' j future, and may it grow aod expand in | area and population And may neither fire, nor wind, nor pestilence ever re? tard that growth, but may its people enjoying the choic st blessings of peace and prosperty ever have willing hearts and ready hands to work together for its material progress and their own advancement in every social and intel? lectual virtue. - - i I $ mm-: A Dispensary Spy Well Thrashed. COLUMBIA, S. C , December 29 - A special to the Register from Spartan burg says : "Last night about 12 o'clock as State Constable Davis was eu route to bis boarding house he was attacked by a crowd of negroes and sever ly whipped to excess along the railroad a distance of several squares. Pieces of rubber bose were used to do the whipping with. Davis was made to take off bis hat and address thete negroes as gentlemen and also swear ; that he would quit Tillman's service and go home. A number of white men witnessed the assault, but refused to ioterfere. No one knew where the police were. The farmers are organising all over the county to put dowo such lawlessness." ?????? mm LOST-A AMOUNT OF MONEY Is lost annually by parties purchasing worth? less fruit trees, roses, ?fee. Get them from a firm that grows their own trees, sends out nothing but good stock and sells at reason? able prices. We want the address of every farmer or gardener in your section and will make you a liberal offer, write for particulars and prices at once, sena stamp for descriptive Catalogue. Agents wanted everywhere. Address, CHEROKEE NURSERY CO., Wayeros?, Ga. (Mention thia Paper.) For Malaria, Liver Trou? ble, or Indigestion, use BROWN'S IRON BITTERS THE NEW YqBE WEEKLY HERALD FOR 1894. Will be without Question America's -LEADING FAMILY PAPER - The reputation that the Weekly Herald bas enjoyed for many years of being the best home newspaper in the land will be mater? ially added to during the jear of 1994. No pains or expense will be spared to make it in every department the most reliable, inter? esting and instructive of all weekly news? paper publications. It will be proved in many ways. A number of new features and depart? ments will be added. The latest development in all fields of contemporaneous human interest will be ably descussed from week to week by accomplished writers. THE NEWS OF THE WORLD, will be given in a concise but complete form. Every important or interesting event, either at borne or abroad, will be duly described in the columns of the Weekly Herald. In politics the Herald is absolutely inde? pendent and sound. It tells the right and wrongs of all sides without fear. Farmers and stock raisers cannot afford to be without the Weekly Herald daring the corning year. It will contain a regular de? partment.each week devoted exclusively to subjects of timely ioterest to them and giving many valuable suggestions and new ideas. The women and children of the land will find in the Weekly Herald a welcome visitor. The household and children's pages will be j both instructive and entertaining. They will abound ia hints and receipts which women so much value. A brilliant array of novels and short i stories by the best writers in America and England has been secured, so that fiction will ; be one of the most attractive features io j the Weekly Herald during 1894. In fact, the Weekly Herald will be a ma gazine of the highest order, combined with a complete newspaper. Now is the Time to Subscribe. i 0nly One Dollar A Year. ; SEND FOR SAMPLE COPY. Address, THE WEEKLY HERALD, HERALD SQUARE, NEW YORK. J REMOVAL. LEVAN'S BARBER SHOP has been j removed to the room over Mr. B. J. Barnett's store, in his new building on Main j Street. Thanking any friends for past favors, ' I solicit their continued patronage in my I new stand, where I am better prepared to ; serve them with satisfaction to them as well i as myself. Respectfully. JOSEPH Ii IS VAN. Dec. 6-4. CHRISTMAS GOODS. Nuts, Raisins, Citron, Prunes, Curt ants, Figs, Heat, Dates, &c. Candy of every All fresh and nice at SCHWERIN ? GO'S., Wholesale and Retail. F*lvs? Class WOVEN WIRE SPRINGS At $2.50. We make them while you wait. OUR Stock Furniture --AND PIGTURES is now complete. watch our prices. ca inot be equaled. CHEAP OAK SUITS ?TJR SPECIALTY. COME AND SEE IT DONE. ELECTRIC SALE. I liow have a complete line of these celebrated goods RAZORS, SCISSORS, P0CK1TKI?ES, ?And I do not hesitate to guarantee ^ every one. 3 if < A FULL LINE OF and Top, Meat Choppers, Etc. Paints Not only guaranteed by the manu ufacturers but by their agents. Respectfully, W. II. Burns. FOR -F?LL ASSORTMENT BEST HEW GARDEN SEED, -F?LL LINE Purest Bus id Chemicals,. CALL ON J. S. HUGHSON & CO., Monaghan Block. MAIN* STREET, Feb 8._SUMTER, S. ?. NEW MARBLE WORKS, COMMANDER & RICHARDSON, LIBERTY STREET, SUMTER, S. C. WE HAVE FORMED A CO-PARTNERSHIP For the purpose of working Marble and Granite, manufacturing laments, Tombstones, Etc., And doing a General Business in that line, j A complete workshop has oeen fitted up on LIBERTY STREET, NEARPOST OFFiCE j And we are now ready to execute with promptness all orders consigned to us. Satis- ! faction guaranteed. Obtain our price before j placing an order elsewhere. W. H. COMMANDER, j G. E. RICHARDSON. * Jnne 16. J. R. Haynsworth, SURVEYOR. C^AN BE communicated with through j office of Haynswortbs & Cooper Sum ter, S. C. NOT. 29-4t. H. A. HOYT, MAIN STREET. SUMTER, S. C. GOLD AND SILVER WATCHES, FINE DIAMONDS, Clocks, Jewelry, Spectacles, MERIDEN BRITANIA SILVERWARE, ?c. REPAIRING A SPECIALTY. Feb. 1 NOTICE. THE SUPERVISOR OF REGISTRATION will be in bi9 office on Salesday of each month, for the purpose of issuing certiScates of Registration to all persons who have be? come twenty-one years of age since the last General election. Also transfers to those who have changed place of residence. W. S. JAMES, Supervisor of Registration. Dec. 7.