The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, October 26, 1892, Image 3

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FOR CLEYELAHD. WAYNE XACVEAOH, GARFIELtt's ATTOXr NEY-gexeral WILL VOTE FOR TES DEMOCRATIC TICKET?he says the TBUE WELFARE OF THE COUNTRY j "WOULD be promoted by CLEVE LAND's ELECTION. Following close upon the announce" ment that Judge Gresham, four years ago a prominent candidate for the Presiden tial nomination in the Republican Na tional Convention, had determined to vote for Cleveland and Stevenson, an other bombshell has been thrown into the Republican camp. Th? following letter from Wayne MacVeagh, Attorney-Gea- j eral under Gameld, announcing that he will vote for Grover Cleveland, has been given out for publication : Philadelphia, Oct. 4, 1S92. John W. Carter, Esq., Secretary of the Massachusetts Reform Ciub: Your cordial invitation to address the citizens of Boston on the issues of the canvass happens to reach me just when professional engagements prevent my naming a time when I can do so, but you are quite right in concluding that I in tend to vote for Mr. Cleveland. Entertaining the convictions I do, no other course is open to me, and 1 cheerfully accord to the supporters of President Harrison the same sense of ! public duty by which I claim to be act- i uated. As both parties have presented unexceptionable candidates, there is no reason why the differences which exist upon questions of public policy, should be discussed otherwise than in good humor, and with entire respect for each other's opinions. Ia the present campaign what may fairly be called the false alarms of the canvass will prove of little value, because of the general confidence in the safe and conservative character of both candi dates. The aveiage voter knows that i tree trade is impossible in this country, for the conclusive reason that the vast xevenues now required to meet the ex penses of the Government will necessar ily afford a far higher degree of protec- j tion to our established and prosperous manufacturers than either Alexander Hamilton or Henry Clay thought desir able in the infancy of our weak and struggling industries. The average voter also knows that the irredee?? ib'e paper currency in use before the w?<. : ; lerer reappear. On the other hand, uc va as well that no system of duties on La ports, however inequitable, can prevent our continued growth in wealth, in m ;n ufactures, and in population, a growth due to the incomparable gifts or Provi dence, the intelligence and energy of the people, and the blessings of free institu tions. ? While I am more than ever resolved to hold duty to country far above any .ties of party, I find myself at present in general accord with the Democratic Party, and willing to trust its course in the futuie. The insight, the courage and the patriotism the masses of the party exhibited in compelling the nomi nation of Mr. Cleveland when he was without a single office holder to support his candidacy seem to me to demand vthxt I should meet them in the same spirit and act with them as long as they maintain that high standard of policy and of administration. It is the more easy to do so because the Republican Party, securing its return to power four years ago by promising to preserve mat ters as they were, at once embarked upon what I regard as a reckless and revo- j lutioaary policy, even overturning all j the safeguards of legislation in the House * of Representatives in their haste to pass the Force bill and the McKinley bill, both, to my mind, unnecessary and un wise measures. The opposition to the Force bill, as not only sure to create far greater evils than it could cure, but as also subversive of the rights of the States, has become so earnest and widespread that it is said to have been abandoned; but it is must not be forgotten that only two years ago such a measure was warmly advocated by the Republican Party, and very narrowly escaped becoming a law. There is no pretense, however, that the McKinley bill is abandoned. On the contrary, our express approval of it is demanded. No ?oubt that bill, which I cannot but think was an uncalled for disturbance of the then-existing tariff, greatly benefited a few interests, but cer tainly it greatly oppressed many othera. Of the protected industries themselves, many were then; as now, in far more urgent need of free raw materials than ? > higher protection, but with raw mater ials on the free list the bill could not have passed, for those having such mater ials for sale controlled enough votes to defeat it, and they were very likely to do so if their bounties were discontinued. The manufacturers needing free raw materials were therefore, obliged to join in the objectionable processes of increas ing prices by restricting production,thus adding to the number of trusts by which the price of the necessaries of life is placed at the mercy of unlawful com binations of capital. It is not surprising that labor, believ ing itself to be oppressed, soon rose in revolt, and civil war has actually raged .this summer in four different sections of the country. And, of course, the farm ers, paying more for what they buy and getting less for what they sell, grow ! poorer day by day; and excellent farms in some of the most fertile sections of this most highly protected State will hardly bring the cost of the buildings upon them. ' But the economic evils, however great, of the McKinley bill and the unreasonable system of protection it represents are of far less importance to my mind than the moral evils which follow in their wake. In deciding for what purposes the masses of the people may properly be taxed, it must not be forgot Dea t ;at taxes have a wonderful capacity for altering through all intervening obstac.es till they reach the bowed back of toil and resting there, and therefore the giving of bounties under any form of taxation is mainly the giving away of the wages of labor. The sad truth that the curse of the poor is their poverty is illustrated in nothing more clearly than in the undue share they suffer of the burdens of taxation. But, apart from this consideration, ought not taxes only be imposed as re quired for public purposes, or may they ateo be imposed for the pecuniary ad vantage of such persons or clause? a? are able to control Congressional action in their favor? It seems to me like a travesty on taxation to require, as t ie McKinley bill does, the fanner who giowg corn in Indiana to pay a bounty to the farmer who produce? cane sugar in Louisiana, or to require the farmer who grow3 wheat in Pennsylvania to pay a bounty to the farmer who produces maple sugar in Vermont; but it isneirer " tragedy than travesty to tax the masses of the people to increase the wealth of the very wealthy owners of most of our protected industries. But even such inequality and injustice are the least of its evils, for while such a system endures political corruption is absolutely eure to increase, as such a ystem act only invite?, but it requires, the corrupt use of money both at the polls and m Congress. It is of its very essence that "fat" shall be "fried" out of its beneficiaries. Who shall happen I ! to cio the frying" or who shall happen ! to distribute the 4'fat" u*on any partie ular occasion is mere matter of detail, but whiie that system lasts both, will con ! tinue to be done by somebody. And the evils of a system of legislative bounties, so far from stopping, only be gins with those bounties secured to the industries protected by the tariff. Th disastrous course of the Republican Party on the silver question is an apt illustra tion of this truth. It ought to be an honest-money party, and it would be if it could ; but while it demanded increased bounties for its favorite manufacturers, il could not refuse increased bounties to the silver producers, as the votes they control were probably necessary to the passage of the McKinley bill. So situated, the Republican Party had no alternativ? but to pass the silver law of 1890, dou bling the purchase of silver and requiring the building of more warehouses in which to store the useless metal. The total purchases made by the Gov ernment amount to hundreds of millions of dollars, and would not realize, if re sold, one-half their cost, while the poi son of debased currency, whose work, however slow, is sure, is making itself daily more and more felt in every chan nel of busiuess and finance, and is in evitably driving gold out of the country and leading us to all the evils of a fluc tuating and therefore dishonest currency based upon silver alone. The Republi can Party cannot take any effective steps toward repealing the bill, for the silver men are very likely if their bounty is stopped to so vote that the bounties of the McKinley bill will stop also. The abuses of the pension system fur* nish another apt illustration of the evila sure to follow such a system of legisla tion. If Congress was to levy taxes upon the people to confer bouties upon certain classes of manufacturers, it was very na tural that the pension agents should also join hands to increase their fees by an indiscriminate granting of pensions. The result is that nearly a generation after the close of the war there is a steady in crease of the vast sums passing through the pension agents' hands, until now the total amount staggers belief, and has be come of itself a very serious burden upon the Treasury. From the day of Lee's surrender until now no single voice haj ever been raised against the most gen? erous provision for every person who had any just claim upon the gratitude of the country; but surely there i3 neither rea son nor justice in legislation which de stroys all distinction between the dis* charge of duty and the shirking of it, between loyal servies and desertion of the colors, between wounds received in battle and diseases contracted in the pur suits of peace. There is still another great and In creasing evil chiefly traceable, in my opinion, to the maintenance of an exces sive tariff since the war, and the con* staut meddling with it to make it higher, and that is the bringing to our shores of those vast swarms of undesirable immi grants who degrade American labor by their comp?tition and threaten the sta bility of institutions based upon an in telligent love of country. Just as tat duties upon imported merchandise have been increased, so has the grade of im ported labor been lowered, until now, under the McKinley bill, there are com ing here every month many thousands of more ignorant, and therefore less de Birable, laborers than ever before. It is n?t easy to exaggerate the moral evils they are likely to inflict upon our social order and our National life. A3 the Republican Party is now defl. nitely committed to the policy of taxing the people for the purpose of giving bounties to such persons or interests a3 can secure the necessary votes in Con gress, so the Democratic Party is now as definitely committed to the policy of restricting taxation to the needs of the Government for public purposes alone. The gulf fixed between these two poli cies of taxation is as wide and deep as can well exist between political parties, andren iUo evivincad that the old causes iu wa;c'i I am interested cannot hope for success until the avowed policy of the Republican Party on this subject is overthrown. Until then the right of each State to control elections within its borders will not be secure. Until then there is no prospect of our enjoying the single and stable staudard of value which other civ ilized and cDmmercial Nations possess. Until then there is no hope of placing either our pension system or the regula tion of immigration upon a just and proper basis. Until then the purifica tion of our politics will continue "the iridescent dream'' which high Republi can authority has declared it must al ways remain. Until then any pretended reform of the civil service must prove, as it has proved this la3t four years, a delusion and a snare. And until then even ballot reform, the best help jet discovered to hone3t elec tions, and already threatened with over throw by the Republican managers in -Maine, Vermont, and Indiana, must snare the same fate of betrayal in the house of its pretended friends. All thGse causes are, in the very nature of things, the relentless foes of a system of govern ment by bounties to favored interests, aud such a system is their relentless foe. As I betieve, for the reasons I have given, that the true welfare of the coun try would be promoted by Mr. Cleve land's election, it is my duty to vote for him, and as I recall the capacity, the fidelity, and the courage with which he has heretotore discharged every public trust committed to him, the duty be comes a pleasure. Sincerely yours, Wayke MacVeagh. COFFEYVILLE IS PREPARED For the Remainder of the Dalton Gang When They Come. Coffeyville, Kan., was under arms all Thursday night in readiness to meet the attack said to be threatened by the re maining members of the Dalton gang. A patrol was established around the town. The attack did not occur. Cof feyville telegraphed to Parsons and Kan sas City for arms, and word came back that 200 men would be sent. The au thorities replied that arms, and not men, were needed. A case of rifles was re ceived and the town is in fighting trim. Tennessee's Exhibit. A Chicago dispatch of Tuesday says: The schooner Mary, Captain Beties, car rying Tennessee's exhibits for the world's fair, arrived in the port Thurs day evening. The craft was loaded with the products of East Tennessee, in cluding gold, silver, copper, zinc, fif teen kinds of marble, onyx and relics from Tennessee battle fields. The boat was built a: the city of Clinton, on the Clinch river, and came down the Ten nessee river to Missssippi, then up to Illinois and to the cannai, a voyage of 2,000 miles. 1,800 miles of it made by sail._ A Mexican Railroad Strike Advices received at San Antonio,Texas, Tuesday, say that the Mexican Central railroad is threatened to be tied up with a strike. Three days ago the American I machinists employed in the shops in the { Citv of Mexico went out on a strike for an increase of 60 cents per day in wages, the present rate being $4 per day. At the shops at San Luis Potosi the men have walked out The engineers and firemen are expected to quit work if the machinists' demands are not granted. DEDICATORY EXERCISES 0! toe Great ColoiMan Exposition at (Mean liomnese Throngs Take Part in the Services. A Chicago special says : The program of the celebration proper commenced Wednesday morning wiih the arrival of cabinet officers, diplomats, etc. In the \ afternoon the last of the militi* arrive ! and the cell oration by the public schools takes place, followed in the evening by a reception an4 banquet at the auditorium. Thursday morning is the civic parade, with 75,000 people in line. Friday morning the procession of the guests of the day will start from the auditorium for Jackson park. The parade will be reviewed in Wash ington park by Viee-President Morton. At noon I he dedication exercises take place. ?u the evening will be witnessed the inaugural ceremonies of the world's congress at the auditorium, with an ora tion by Archb'shop Ireland. In the ev ening, the tiro works disp'ay. Saturday morning, dedication of the state build ings, and in the afternoon military ma no uvers. Sixteen hundred tickets to the dedica tory ceremonies we~e stolen from the office of Secretary Culp, of the Ceremo nies' committee and are on the market and a large number of forged tickets also. Tht school children, Wednesday morn ing, celebrated "Columbus Day." Youthful enthusiasm was given the wid est play. A c ?mmittee representing the state and city superintendents had ar ranged a programme for the celebration in the public schools, and the children executed this order of exercises with vim when school opened. No union or concentration of pupils was attempted, but exercises began sim ultaneously in scores of school buildings. The rooms were all decorated oppropri ately to the occasion, and was to com memorate the great discoverer. The first exercise was the reading of Presi dent Harrison's proclamation. This was followed by a flag-raising, and the pupils saluted the colors. They also pledged their allegiance to the flag in a concert, and sang "America." The next few hours of the programme was the reading of the Scriptures or some acknowledgement of the Divine Being. The schools then joined in singing "Col umbus Day," after which the programme was varied according to grade. In the primary grade the little ones recited pa triotic verses and sang songs, while in the grammar and high school grades his torical essays were read, declamations delivered and also singing. Thursday's big parade. In glittering sunshine und bracing air the people assembled in Chicago enjoyed a magnificent parade Thursday. Hun dreds of thousands crowded the town. The people in town were early astir though the booming of cannon to signal the start of the procession was not heard until 11 o'clock. Out from the crowd ed hotels and from boarding houses on the outskirts, the people came?even before sunrise. They brightened the streets with movement and with the color of countless vivid badges. The police at 7 o'clock closed all bridges which cross the city's turbid and filthy river. At 10 o'clock the line of march was clear. It was several miles long. Vice President Morton, under a civil escort, took his position on the reviewing stand at 11 o'clock. Soon after 11 o'clock three guns spoke out the signal for the parade to move, various bodies falling in from the streets opening in the route of march. On the streets the crowd was something fearful. Chicago has at different times handled many throngs of visitors, but this one was away beyond anything she ever dealt with. It is estimatimated that at least 300,000 viewed the parade. head op the pkockssion. At the head of the parade, to hold in eheck the dense crowd which thronged the^Bidewalks and forced itself into the streets, came the police m ounted. Di rectly behind came Scusa's.Marine band. The visitors from beyond the Rio Grande were given a hearty welcome. As quick ly as the last strains from one band died away another took it up and from the beginning to the end of the march was continuous martial music. At the heels of the Mexican b'ind was Major General Miles, ?rand marshal of the parade. Behind him clattered a swarm of aides. The Chica go Hussars, in black with white trim mings, was the escort to the mayor of Chicago. The city council in carriages followed and then came the governors of the different states, each surrounded by a brilliant staff. Thesecond grand division wps led by the Independent Order of Foresters, 1,200 strong, who made a fine appear ance. In their rear was a gigantic float representing "Columbus Discovering America." Behind the float ti mped three hundred Grecians, wearing decora tions of their nation's flag, blue and white. Eight thousand men of the Pa triotic Order of Sons of America were over an hour going past. Then came the decendants of the men who had won the battle of Boyne, their persons and banners bearing knots of their favor ite orange ribbons. Three thousand five hundred of the Chicago Turner Society, headed by the national commissioner of the oider, looked exceedingly well. Fol lowing came 700 men of Boheemian Tur ner Soci?t?s and 500 German veterans who marched proudly beneath the red, white and blue of their adop tion and the red, white and black, un der which they had marched in less peaceful times. There was a strong re minder of the heather as 1,200 bonnie Scots hove in sight. Every man wore a tartan and bag pipes shrieked 6hrilly. Two hundred and fifty men of the Royal Scots regiment, clad in royal Stuart plaid, called for loud cheers of approval. The black and gold of the Sous of St. George followed the High'anders. Then came Crootvan and Polish societies, about 2,000 strong. After them came ten times as many in ranks and with its proportionate number of men, and every man a Swede. In four carriages were sixteen pretty girls representing the various national female costumes of Sweden and Norway. The next division was made up of 2,000 boys from the city grammar and high schools. Then tramped eight rep resentatives of every Grand Army post in Chicago and Cook county, rein forced by numerous delegi Jong from neighboring cities. The veterans were not above 800 strong and in their rear a float representing the famous old Monitor as she appeared before fight ing the Merrimac. The Sons of Veter ans, the Modern Woodmen of America, the uniformed rank of the Rovai Am*, num and Knights of Pythias, 2,000 men ?n all, closed this division. The third grand division, under the command of Chief Marshal Cabill, was led by the marshal, surrounded by a large staff in whose wake came fifty mounted men, members of the uniformed Knights of St. Patrick. A second sub-division of this portion of the parade was the uni formed rank of the Catholic Order of Foresters, 850strong, at:d comprising ten separate commanderies. A third sub-di vision, headed by the Third Cavalry band hid 4,440 men in line and showed ban ners of forty-five courts and contained ten bands. A fourth division had 2,550 men and thirty-six courts. A fiftfc division con ta ned 2,644 men in thirty-one courts. 8 ven hundred men of the Hibernian Ri fbs came after the Foresters and behind tuese were 2,000 men of the Ancient Order of Hibernians and then 3,000 more men of the Archdiocese Union, thirty three societies being represented. St. John the Baptist Society, with 1,000 men, were next in line. Miscellaneous Catholic societies, uumbering 1,200 men in the aggregate, closed the grand vision and the parade. The line of march was as follows: Michigan avenue north to Van Buren street, west on Van Buren to Wabash avenue to Like street, west on Lake to State street, south on State street to Ad ams street, we3t on Adams to Franklin, south on Franklin street to Jackson, east on Jackaon to State street. THE COTTON INDUSTRY. Interesting Statistics Sent Out by the Census Bureau. Georgia Leads In Cotton Manufactur ing in the Southern States. The census bureau at Washington is sued a bulletin Friday on the cotton in dustry of the United States. The' growth of the cotton manufacturing in dustry of tthe United States, says the bulletin, has been constant. One of the most "ratifying features of the situation is the extension of this industry in the south, where a marked addition is shown in the number of cotton mills established and successfully operated. The magni tude of this movement is demonstrated by the fact that the consumption of raw cotton in the southern states in 1890 ex ce?ded that of 1880 by 166,308,899 pounds, whlie in New England, the chief seat of this manufacture, the ex cess of consumption in 1890 over that of 1880 was only 173,714,834 pounds. Nevertheless, *he development of cot ton manufacture throughout the country, measured by any test, was large and healthy. The tables given do not in clude returns of special mills employed in working raw cotton, waste or yarn into hose, webbing, tapes, mixed goods or fabrics, which are not classed as spe cific manufactures of cotton. a comparative statement. The general facts attending the in crease are shown in the following com parative statement : Number of estab lishments reported in 1890, 904; in 1880, 756; percentage of incnase 19.58. Cap ital invested in 1890, $354,020,843; in 1880, $208.280.346; percentage of in crease 69.97. Employes, including of ficers and clerks in 1890, 221,585; in 1880, 174,659; increase 26.87. Wages paid in 1890 to operatives, $66,024,538; in 1880, $42.040,510; increase, 57.05. Wage* p;?d office s and clerks in 1890, $3.464,743. Miscellaneous expenses $17,936,135. No comparisonsup on the last two item?. '1 he cost of ma terials used in 1890, $154,593,368; in 1880. $102,206,347; increase, 51.26. Vaiue of the product in 1890, $267,981,? 724; in 1880, $192,090,110; increase, 39.51. Number of spindles in 1890, 14. 088,108: in 1880, 10,653,435; increase, 32 24. Number of looms in 1890. 324, 866; in 1880, 225,759; increase, 43.90. Pounds of raw cotton used in 1890, 1,117,945,776; in 1880, 750,843,981; in ciease, 48.99 per cent. The public is cautioned, however, touching certain items that more thorough inquiries employed at the pres ent census will cause the increase to ap pear greater than it really is. Especially is this the case in regard to wages, which have increased 57.05 per cent, while the number of bands employed has increased 20.85 per cent. In both instances the number of and amount [paid to officers and clerks are excluded. When com pared with all hands employed, not in cluding officers and clerks, it will be seen that the annual earnings in 1890 were $301.65 as against $243,65 in;i880,an increase of $58 a year, or23.80 percent. There his undoubtedly been a positive incteasein these earnings during the de cade. The increase in wages may not have been so great as indicated by this comparison, as the excess of increase in the number of operatives between 1880 and 1890 was in a large measure in the class earning the highest rate of wages, namely men, while the number of child ren employed has hapily decreased. in the southern states. In the southern states the number of es tablishments reporting was, in 1890, 239; in 1880, 161. The capital invested in 1890, $53,827,303; in 1880, $17,375,897. Number of hands employed in 1890, 37, 168; in 1880, 16,741. Wages paid in 1890, $7,817,060; in $2,750.986. Cost of materials in 1890, $27,703.357; in 1880, $9,999.145. Value of products in 1890, $41,513 711; in 1880, $16,356,508. Number of spindles in 1890, 1,554,000; in 1880, 542,048. Looms in 1890. 36, 266; in 1880, 11,898. Bales of cotton used in 1890, 523,818; in 1880, 182,349. Georgia stands first in these statistics, reporting in 1890 fifty-three establish ments, in 1630, forty. Capital in 1890, $17,664,675; in 1880, 6,348,657. Em ployes in 1890, 10,530; in 1880, 0,349. Bales of cotton med in 1890, 145,859; in 1880, 71,389. South Carolina stands second with ihirty-four establishments in 1890 against fourteen in 1880, and $11,141,833 capi tal In 1890 against $2,855,800 in 1880. Bales of cotton used in 189) 38.342, against 33,624. Employes 8,192 against 2,053. Notth Carolina stands third in capital, the number of bales used and value of products being but a lit'.le behind South Carolina; but she reports ninety-one es^ tablisbments in 1890 employing 8,742 hands against fortv-uine establish trusts and 3,343 hands in"l880. THE HOMESTEAD STRIKERS Are Desperato and Attack a Number of Non-Union Men. A special from Homestead says: The discharge of a revolver on Fourth avenue early Wednesday morning aroused the people. John Mechliog, a non-union man, was found on the sidewalk bleed ing from a w.?und in the head. He had a revolver in hi?* hand and stated tbat he had been assaulted on his way home by two men, odc of whom knocked him down with a club. Mechling drew a revolver and tired. The men ran away. Logan Jones, inspector in the oue-hundrcd-and-ninctecn-ineb mill, was knocked down and his head was cut by a blow from behind, as he was on his way home from the mill at about 1 o'clock in the morninsr. Two other non unionists were assaulted during the night. _ FR IGHTFUL ACCIDENT. A Gang Plank Gives Way, Hurling Many People Into the Water. A London cablegram of Thursday says: "The Inman steamer, "City of New York" was floating in her berth at the Alfred dock Wednesday evening when a frightful and peculiar accident occurred. Stiven eus oms officers started across the gangway toward the vessel. At the same time thirty of the crew started by the same gangway for the shore. The two parties met in the center and collided with crushing force, bursting the hand rails of the gangway, and the whole of the two parties fell into the water. The spec tat (? succeeded in saving all the custom officers and a number of the crew. Some had been severely crushed and otherwise injured and oue has since died. Nine are missing and a diver is searching for the bodies. TELEGRAPHIC GLEANINGS. Tne News of tie !orli Condensed Me Ply and Pointed Paragons. Interesting and Instructive to All Classes of Readers. Total registration in New York to date 187,491, in 1891, 150,168. Colored people of Peleware have put out an independent republican ticket. Three distinct shock* of earthquake were felt in Martins ville, Ind., Wednes day. The board of lady managers of the World's fair held a meeting in Chicago, Tuesday. Denver, Colorado, has been selected as the place for holding the next gener al Episcopal convention. The Telegraphers on the Cotton Belt railroad will be given tl e same pched ule agreed upon by the Missouri Pacific. C. Burkhalter <fc*Co., wholesale grocers, ! New Toik, hssigi ed Thursday. Pre'er- , ences were given aggregating $183,168. j August Belmont, on Wednesday, bought j the great stallion Rsyon D'Or, from the I estate of the late W. L. Scott for $32,- j 000. The international geographical con- j gress, held in connection with the Co?- j urabus exhibition, was opened in Mad- ! rid, Spain, Tuesday. Joseph Home, the well known dry j goods merchant arid philanthropist of Pittsburg, Pa., died in Danville, N. Y., Wednesday night, aged 64, of apoplexy. Fifteen buildings, dwellings or stores were burned at Chicago Tuesday morn ing. Two persons, at the leas', lost their lives during the conflagration. The toss is $80,000. A special from Boise City, Idaho, says: The supreme court has unanimously sus tained the constitutionality of the Idaho test oath law. The decision will prevent the Mormons from voting. A Washington dispatch says: The su preme court, by Chief Jubtice Fuller, Monday, sustained the constitutionality of the Minor law providing for the elec tion of presidential electors in Michigan by congressional districts. A Philadelphia special of Tuesday says: The stockholders of the Bristol, Peon., rolling mills have decided to make an assignment. The liabilities of the company are about $110,000 and the assets are estimated at $70,000. It is said a new company will soon be formed The city of Paris broke the record from Qneene-town, arriving at New York Wednesday, making the voyage in five days, fourteen hours and twenty four minutes, the distance being 2,782 miles, an average of over 500 miles a day. This vessel soon becomes an American ship, Columbus day was celebrated in all the public schools of New York City Thursday. The president's proclama tion was first read and then the flag un furled. Three cheers and a salute were given "old glory," after which allegiance was pledged to the flag, national airs sung, Bible selections read and patriotic addresses delivered. A St. Louis dispatch says: The dif ference between the telegraphers of the M ssouri Pacific system, some 975 in number, and the management was amica bly adjusted Tuesday, by mutual conces sions. The operators have secured and accepted the minimum of $50 per month on the main lines and $45 on the branches. All danger of a strike is now averted. A Pittsburg, Pa., special says: The Carnegie Steel Company, limited, issued a circular Tuesday announcing the resig nation of John A. Potter, as geoeral su perintendent of the Homestead mills, and his appointment as chief mechanical engineer. Chas. M. Schwab, general superintendent Edgar Tompsoo, plant, will succeed Potter at Homestead. A dispatch has been received at the ministry of marine, iu Pari?, that re moves whatever little anxiety was felt regarding the safety ot the French force in Dahome.v. CcSonel Dodds, the com mander of the expedition, telegraphs that the progress of the troops in the direction of Abomri, the capital of Da homey, has been delayed by heavy rains. The French operations will therefore necessarily be more difficult than when good weather favored them. A special of Wednesday from Toledo, O., says: Conncilman Frank Tanner, the second of the boodlers, was arraigned f' r trial Wednesday afternoon and en tered a plea of guilty, throwing himself on the mercy of the court. This has thrown the remaining five boodlers into consternation, and it is believed that all of them but one, Manchester, will also plead guilty. The indictment against Swain, who turned stateTs evidence, will be nol prosscd. A Washington special of Thursday says: The question of eligibility to con gress of re ired array officers, as presen ted in the case of General Catlin and Gen eral Sickles, nominated by the demo crats in New York for congress, appears to be a new one and excited much interest at the war department. Legal officers of the department say that the question has never been presented to the department in a like form, and consequently there is no precedent tc serve as a basis of opin ion. According to a New York dispatch of Wednesday, specialists in southern state securities say there is nothing new to be said relative to the refunding of the South Carolina state debt due July 18, 1893. Gov. Tillman, who has just re turned home, did not accomplish anything in the matter and certain southern capi talists are now trying to see what they can do, and say it might as well be un derstood first as lust that nothing of value can be accomplished until some provision is made for the non-fundable bonds of the state. This, of course, must be settled by the legislature. MRS. LEASE TALKS. The Chicago Inter-Ocean Has a Three Column Interview With her. The Chicago Inter- Ocean of Monday morning publishes a three-column inter view with Mrs. Mary E. Lease, the Kan sas orator and third party organizer, in which she gives her experience during her late trip through the south. She thinks General Weaver did as well as any one could under the circumstances, but she asserts that she does not like Weaver to try to belittle the course of the southerners. She says the outrages were not committed by the young men and boys, but in many instances promi nent men were leaders in the disturbances; in some cases organized party clubs; that instead of one egg being thrown at them there were a great many eygs thrown, and not by boys cither. She declares the indignities offered General Weaver and party were not because of anything he said or had done, but because he was advocating the cause of the party that was threatening the lo Mil success of the democratic party. She says she found sectional feeling as "violent as ever the republicans had depicted it." She stands by her party, but says that if the vote for Weaver is to elect Cleveland it ought not to be given. Ten Dollars Per Talk. Chicago and New York were united by telephone Tuesday, and conversation took place between the two cities. The rate will be ten dollars per talk until the system *eta into general use. FAVORABLE BUSINESS REPORT Issued by Dan's Mercantile Agency for the Past Week. R. G. Dun & Co.'s weekly report says: Once more it must be said that trade in dications are entirely favorable. Even the shrinkage in exports ha9 ceased, an increase of $1,500,000 appearing in New York last week, while imports continue surprisingly large, and foreign exchange declines. Government crop reports for October 1st were, on the whole, much more favorable than was expected, and the markets disclosed the public belief that the facts are more favorable than the government estimates. Trade through out the country is somewhat larger than a year ago, although the situation was then exceptionally favorable, acd in all the great branches of manufacturing there is extraordinary activity. Money is in great demand at almost all commercial centers, but there is seen no where any stringency, the supply being ample for legitimate business, and collec tions, as a ruie, are exceptionally good. At Philadelphia the iron market de cidedly improves and good orders for the spring trade are reported in dry goods, while the wool market continues active. REPORTS FROM BUSINESS CENTERS. At Baltimore the infrequency of south ern failures is gratifying. Collections are more satisfactory and trade in some lines show a material increase. Pitt3burg re ports a stiffer market for pig iron and a good demand for manufactured pro ducts, with improving prospects in the glass business, window glass being more active. Trade is remarkably strong at St. Louis, the corn crop proving larger than anticipated. Business at Nashville is improving, but at Little Rock is still dull, though in dry goods better. At New Orleans business is active, with brighter prospects and mo&ey in large demand, but a sufficient supply. Cotton, since a week up, is an eighth lower, with sales of more than one million bales tor the week. THE IRON MARKET. The iron output October 1st 158,027 tons weekly against 151,648 tons, Sep tember 1st ana it is especially encourag ing that stocks on hand decreased 85,234 tons during September. The demand for pig iron is improving and a general advance of about 50 cents per ton is re ported for pig with liberal buying, while the trade in plates is very satisfac tory. Bar iron is somewhat better and structural mills are full of orders. The cotton and woolen mills are fully employed and many of them cannot fill their orders, though running their ma chinery night and day. Sales of wool this year, at three chief markets, have been 247,000,000 pounds against 194, 000,000 to same date last year. The market for dry goods continues en couraging, agents having started vigorus ly in the spring trade and the demand for spring samples of men's goods being urgent. Trade in blankets was excep tionally large in September and the lower grade cannot be supplied fast enough. Strong buying is seen in cotton and some makes are largely oversold. Boot and shoe manufactur is equally busy and shipments from Boston, accord ing to the Shoe and Lea:her Reporter, are 83,000 cases for the week against 64, 000 last week. Business failures occuring throughout the country during the week number fo the United States 180, to corresponding week last year 227. REID'S ACCEPTANCE Of the Republican Vice-Presidential Nomination. A special from New York says: Whitelaw Reid's letter of acceptance, addressed to the chairman of the repub lican notification committee, was made public Tuesday night. It is about five thousand words in length. He begins by saying "When the nomination with which the national convention has hon ored me, was formally announced by your committee, I accepted it at once. In doing so I accepted also the principles set forth in the resolutions adopted by the convention as the basis of my ap peal to popular suffrage. To do other or less than this is, to any honorable man, an impossibility. A political party is an association of citizens seeking to have the government conducted in ac cordance with its views and presenting candidates whom it strives to elect for that purpose. To accept its nomination without intending to carry out its princi ples would be as dishonorable and as criminal as to procure goods under false pretenses. "There will be no misunderstanding as to the purposes of the iepublican party in this contest, and no doubt as to the attitude of its candidates. What it in tended has been set forth in language that cannot be mistaken, and they will strive by all lawful means in their power to enforce its plainly expressed will." He points to the tariff and currency questions as the vital ones in this cam paign . On the former question he uses the republican argument that the dem->crat8 favor free trade. He quotes Commissioner Peck's report at some length, and he dwells at some length up on the reciprocity features of the republi can platform. On the subject of cur rency he says: "The lamented Garfieid proudly claimed in 1880 that our paper currency is now as national as the rhg; the purpose oi our opponents is to sectionalize it again." He dwells on this ?s a "time of great prosperity and general contentment." Of the force bill question he says, "The clamor against this principle, if it means any thing, means a purpose to nullify the fourteenth article of the constitution." A SAD STORY. Extinction of a Royal Family by Chol era and Suicide. The London News of Wednesday has the following story from i s Odesa cor respondent: "Count aud Countess Lou benski, with their only daughter, spent the summer at Ostend, in Belgium. The C"untess returned to her home in Russia a week before the starting of her hu band and daughter, who traveled by way of Hamburg. The count contract ed cholera aud died before his vessel reached Lisbon and his daughter, who nursed her father, diel of the disease at Lisbon. When Countess Loubenski learned of the fate of her husband and daughter she committed suicide with poison." WORK OF BAD BOYS. They Secure Giant Powder aud Blow Up a House. At Lead vi He, Coi., Monday the thir teen-year-old son of Herman Trueman and his chum, named Davis, dug a hole in Trueman's yard and from the bottom ran i'jo small tunnels under the house. They called it their mine. Young True man purloined between two and three hundred dollars from his father, purchas ed gome giant powder and blew his fa thers house up. The father and mother were badly injured. The town was badly shaken up for a radius of several blocks and many minor casualties occurred. The boys cannot be found and indica tions are that they were blown to atoms. To Ignore the Law. A special of Thursday from Little Rock, Ark., says: Judge McClure, chief of the United [States election su pervisors, issued instructions to the pre cinct supervisors, in which he directed them to ignore the new election law of Arkansas requiring the voters to cast their ballot within five minutes [after en tering the booth. The instructions have produced a sensation. THROUGHOUT THE SOUTH. Kotes of Her Progress and Prosperity Briefly Epitomized And Important Happenings front Daj to Day Tersely Told. Florida state alliance met Wednesday, and re-elected A. P. Baskin, president. Citizens of Selma, Ala., indignantly deny that eggs were thrown at Stephen A. Doughlas, when he visited that city in 1860. The charge was made by R. F. McCullough, of Jackson, Miss., in The National Economist. Four children of Joseph Matthews, living near Clairmount, S. C, burned to a crisp Wednesday. The father and mother had been in attendance upon some religious observances, and had locked the children in the house, which caught fire. Mr. James W. Marchbanks, while pros pecting Wednesday on his farm four miles southeast of Gainesville, unearthed another diamond worth about ninety dollars. It was embeded in flexible sand stone and is about a third larger than the one found by Professor E. T. Whatley, a few weeks ago. A Raleigh, N. C. dispatch of Monday says : A party ef revenue officers made a raid in Cleveland county Saturday and cut up six illicit stills. They set fire to the stii-houses and from the burning houses the fire spread to the woods and swept over the extensive South moun tain section. The entire population had to turn out to save their homes and crops and wer a kept busy day and night fight ing fire. A Memphis, Tenn., dispatch of Tues day says : The trustees have sold the Mil burn Gin and Machine company, includ ing grounds, machinery and buildings, for $158,000 to satisfy a mortgage to se cure the payment of $147,000 bonds, the outstanding interest having been de faulted for the past eighteen months. The plant was purchased by J. W. Alli son, president of the Tennessee Cotton Seed Oil company. At noon Tuesday seventy-five pounds of dynamite exploded on a government dredge boat on the Tennessee river, six miles from Chattanooga. Charles 8. Senno, a laborer, had his head blown oft and Sharp and Thompson, laborers were seriously injured. The deck was torn off and the boat sank. The explosives had been placed ready for use with caps and fuzes attached and be came ignited by a spark from the engine. A Norfolk dispatch says: A tremend ous sensation was created in the second congressional district of Virginia, Mon day evening by the announcement that George E. Bowden, who had served the district for two terms in congress, and who had been regularly nominated by the republican party convention, had with drawn from the contest. This action of Bowden was the result of a decision re cently reached by the national republican congressional committee, through the ef forts of Mahone. PORT ROYAL TO EUROPE. A Direct Line of Steamers Between the two Points Proposed. Mr. Pat Calhoun, of Georgia, Mr. Er nest Bigland,of London,and Mr.D. Stein mann Hghe, of Antwerp, were in Atlanta, Thursday in conference with prominent railroad officials upon the tubject of es tablishing a direct line of ocean steam ships between Port Royal, S. C, and London and Antwerp. These gentlemen have just completed an inspection o; Port Royal and the harbor there, and i tbey are assured proper encouragef ment by the railroads of the south, a direct line of steamers will at once be put on between that port and Europe. Mr. Bigland and Mr. Steinmann Hghe came to America to consumate such an entei prise. T hey have associated sever al prominent southerners with them? Mr. Pat Calhoun, Major T. P. Branch Colonel Charles H. Phinizy and Mr. W. J. Craig. The party visited Port Royal, and every gentleman in it was highly pleased, especially the two European vis itors. They were rather surprised that the port had never been utilized by Americans. Mr. B igland said, in regard to the estab lithment of the proposed line : " The com pany which I represent already has a freight line to America. It is the Cuban Steamship company, which has a line of freight steamers between London and Antwerp and Cuba. If we are given the proper encouragement by the southern rail roads we will at once put on a line of freight steamers between Port Royal and Europe. The steamers are now being built for that purpose." The gentlemen connected with the movement appear quite reticent, and have very little to say. They evidently mean business and it is easily apparent that the accomplishment of their plans means a great deal for the south. They have no connection with the movement to < st ilish direct trade between Bruns wick and Europe, and it is probable that both of these great projects may be real ized in a short while. GROWTK OF THE SOUTH. The Industrial Developments for the Past Week. The iron market is in a more favorable con# dition, with increased demand for the output* An advance of 50 cents per ton is reported im the price of pig iron, and blocks in hand are being drawn upon. All the southern foundries are running with four exceptions and ar rangements are being made to put several new ones into blast. The textile mills through out the south are busy with orders at satisfac tory prices. The cotton mill burned at Athens, G a-", is to be at once rebuilt on a larger scale. The condition of business ie fairly good, and trade is increasing &s the cotton crop is brought to market. The week has been favorable for cotton picking, but no change is nude from previous reports as to the quantity and quality of the crop. Thirty-six new industriel were established or incorporated during the week, together with six enlargements of manufactories, and eight een important new buildings. Among the new industries reporred are brick works at West End, Va., a $400,000 car making niant at Houston, Texas, and other* at Greensboro, N. C, and Lexington, Ky., a cigar factory at Thomas?lle, Ga., and an electrical company atHoarne, Texas. Flouring milts are to be built at Paris, Ark., Burlington, N. O., Hutch ins and Queen Citv, Texas, and a $50,000 mill and elevate- at Quanah, Texas. A $50,000 ice aitd cold xtoraee company has been chartered at c'ovington, Ky., a rolling milt is to built at Greensboro, N. C, a safe and lock factory at Birmingham, Ala., and a mill and gin factory at Fort Smith, Ark. A moss factory is repor ted at Brunswick, Ga., a $100,000 cotton mill at Sanderevi le, Ga,, a knitting mill at New Berne, N. C, and a woolen mill at Bloomfield, La. A tobacco factory, is reported at Louisville, Kv., and one at Re'idsville, N. C, b&rrell fac tories at Beirne, Ark., and Gainesville, Ga., ?aw and planing mills at Haplesville, Ala-, Greenfield, Tenn., Burkeville, Va., and Addi son. W. Va,, and a flOO.OOO variety Works at Camden, Ark. Tho enlargments for the week include elec trical works at Parkersburg.W. Va,, paper mills at Oak Cliff, Texan, saw mils at Florence, Ala and Glenwood, N. C.. and quarrying plants at A1 good, S. C, and Philadelphia, Tenn., Among the new buddings reported are business houses ot Oc ila. Fla., Louisville, Ky., Wil mington, N. C, Chattanooga. Tenu, Lynch burg, Va., and Tyler Texas, churches at Shelby ville, Ky., and Culpepper, Va,, a factory at Tyler, Texas, a flouting mill at Culpepper, Va,, a jail at Star City, Ark., and an office building at Thomas ville, Ga,?Tradesman (Chattanooga, Tenn.) _ Horse Thieves Lynched. A special cf Monday from Cheyenne, Wyo., states that J. S. Bedford and Dob Burch, acquitted of horse stealing but held in the charge of contempt of court, while on the way to jail handcuffed, were taken from the deputy sheriff and killed by masked men thirty mixes from Bo RALEIGH'S CENTENNIAL. I he Gala Week Opened With a Grand Parade. Raleigh, N. C. was one hundred years old Tuesday, and celebrated her centen nial by the most elaborate street pageant everseen'in North Carolina. More than a thousand people took part in the parade and over twenty thousand spectators witnessed it. Oldest inhab itants, floats, etc. nude up the proces sion. There were thirteen divisions in the precession, of which Jonn M. Heck was chief marshal. A feature of the procession was the first engine run on the Raleigh and Gas ton railway in 1840. On the engine were Albert Johnston, the oldest living locomotive engine* r, and Reuben Cole, a negro fireman who served on the en gine. raleigh's history. The city was laid off daring the spring and summer of 1792. During the previous. years from 1720 the seat of government had been at more than thirty different points. In 1788 a convention ordered that the cxpitol should be located at a point "within ten miles of the plantation on which Isaac Hunger now resides, in the county of Wake." This decision was not made without a contest, for there was a tie on the ques tion of whether the capitoi should be where Raleigh, now is or the town of Hay wood, Chatham county, which the speak er broke by voting for Raleigh. In 1791 the legislature ratified the ordinance of the convention. There were purchas ed April 5th. 1792, four hundred acres of land, and the plan of the city wa* laid out, embracing five public squares and two hundred and seventy-six lots. By the sale of the lots the sum of $50,000 was raised and with this the capitoi was erected. It was first occupied in 1794; It was a large and uncouth structure and thirty years later was-greatly improved. In 1824 the famous statue of Washing ton by Cauvora was placed in its rotunda, which LaFayette viewed with delight during his visit here the following year. In 1799 the supreme court wss establish ed, in 1802 the first house for the gov ernor was built and he was required to live here. In 1822 there were but four brick buildings inside the corporation, the governor's "palace," built ia 1818, being outside the boundary. The place had only 976 inhabitants in 1810. Ol6 of the early occurences of gres note was the attempt to move the capit toi by persons concerned in vast frauds in the sales of public lands in Tennessee ?at the time when that state was part of North Carolina. In 1798 a messenger from Tennessee brought news of this plan to the governor and for months a heavy guard was kept around the build ing. But in that same year a negro ser vant of one of the conspirators was caught after he had entered the capitoi at night and stolen many of the land rec ords. He was hanged and the next year. James Glasgow, secretary of state, was tried for these frauds and convicted. In 1831 the old capitoi wss burned and in 1833 tne cornerstone of the pres ent one was laid. When completed it was the handsomest building of a public character in the United States. It was not until many 3 ears later that other public buildings were added. Now, in a great semi-circle, there are the insane asylum, penitentiary, agricultural and mechanical college, state fair grounds, experiment farm, two institutions for deaf mutes and the blind and the Con federate soldiers' home, while near the capitoi building are the supreme court and state library, the agricultural build ing and the executive mansion, tome of these being notable' structures, particu larly the asylum and the penitentiary. The city's industrial growth dates from about 1866 and the population has quad rupled since 1860 and now amounts to 17,000. CLEVELAND NOR HARRISON WO 1 be at the Dedicatory Exercises at Chicago. A Chicago dispatch says : In a letter received Monday by Secretary Culp, of the committee on ceremonies, Mr. Cleve land declined the invitation which the exposition sent him to take part in the various festivities of the week. He hid been expected to participate In all the official and social events. His refusal to come to Chicago at this time was not all the result of political or business engagements. He is not com ing simply because he does not wish to gain any political advantage over an op* ponent who is detained by so sad circum stances as that which keeps President Harrison from attending the dedication exercises. mb. Cleveland's letter. The text of Mr. Cleveland's letter is as follows: Edward C. Culp, Secretary, Etc. My Dear Sir: My response to your courte ous invitation to attend the dedication exercises of the world's Colombian expo* sition has been long delayed. I should be very glad to be present on this inter esting occasion and thus show my ap? Sreciation of its importance, if I could 0 so solely as the ex-president of the United States. I am sure, however, thai this is impossible and I am unwilling to take a trip which, from beginning to end, despite all efforts on my part, would be regarded as a poli tical tour made by a candidate for the presidency. My general aversion to such a trip is overwhelmingly increased in this particular instance when I recall the af flictive dispensation which detains the president at the bedside of his sick wife, another candidate for the presidency. I have thus frankly stated the reasons which constrain me to forego the satis faction which an acceptance of your in vitation would otherwise afford me. I hope in the light of the considerate and sympathetic sentiment, which ought to be felt by all our people, that these con sid?rations will be deemed an abundant justification of my action. Tours very truly. Gfover Cleveland. TAMMANY'S TICKETS. With the County Democracy, Tamms ny Nominates Congressmen. A New York dispatch of Monday says: Tammany Hall nominations for con gress are as follows : Fourteenth con gressional district, Colonel John R. Fel lows; thirteenth, James J. Gorman; twelfth, Bourke Cochran; eleveotk Amos J. Cummings; fifteenth, Ashabel P. Fitch; tenth, Daniel E. Sicktes; eighth. Edward J. Dunlap; ninth, Tim* othyJ. Campbell. The county democracy made the fol lowing nominations for congress: tenth, congressional district, John, DeWitt Warner; ninth district, Timothy J. Campbell ; twelfth district, Bourke Coch ran; seventh district, Jofcn Bartlett, The General was Ineligible. A New Yoik special of Wednesday says: General Isaac 3. Cstlin, nomi nated for congress by the democrats of the third district, has declined. He gives as a reason the fact that he is inel igible for the place because he is on the retired list of the regular army and the recipient of a pension. He has been informed by the attorney general of the United Slates that the acceptance of the office would vacate his place on the re tired list of the army, and inconsequence he would forfeit his emoluments. AH the Passengers Lost A cablegram from Hong Kong, China, states that one hundred and two of the crew of the wrecked Bokhara are missing and the nineteen passengers all probably drowned.