The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, September 21, 1892, Image 3

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PECK RIDDLED. -1870 Product. Wages. Hands (Thousands.) (Thousands.) Boots and shoes....$17,813 $4,933 11,403 Clothing. 44,713 8,19> 26,090 Women's clothing.. 4,83) 14,273 4?, 19.) ,-:-1880-? Product. Wages. Hands. (Thousands.) 'Thousands.; Boots and shoes....$18,979 $4,902 13.401 Clothinz. 81,133 18,2:4 63,030 Women's clothing.. 13';,4 ? 27,321 90,00 ) It has been demonstrated suSScient'v by comparisons rax ie h3re a ii abroad that labor in boots aad saoas 13 cheaper than in Europe. In clothing a tariff is Ineffective. Fashion aal taste alone for bid.importations of ready-raiie clothing lad ?ive a clear field to the ho ue manu facturer, though his materials, by tariff taxation, are so much higher thaa the foreign clothing manufacturer has to pay that the protection by the tariff on clothing is quite neutralized. In other industries where tariff protection i3 equally ineffective similar showings can be made. In 'clothing, the least pro tected article, Jbe increase is high est: 75 per cent, in product, 125 per cent, in wages aad 150 per cent, in the number of hands. - Women's clothing has ri?en in the product from four and a naif millions to over twenty millions. Th3 new census will show a he ivier increase yet, <~*Pbese items suffice to show the damning evidence of facts ignored by n * jX DISSECTION OF THE NSW YORK LABO? COMMISSIONER^ REPORT ON THB EFFECT OF THB TARIFF ON LABOE AND WAGES. Labor Commissioner Peck, of New f$ork, having made an alleged investi gation of "the effect of the tariff on wages,w has issued a one-sided report in which he claims that protection is a boon and thev McKinley law a blessing. Mr. Schoeahof,a well known writer on the tariff, thus, riddles Peck's peculiar re . port in the columns of the New York ?. World: Mr. Peck's totals show a net increase 9 In, wages for 1891 over 1890 of $5,377, 925, and a net increase in products in this State during the same period of $31,315,139. I will not inquire into the relevancy of the statement to the McKinley bill or any other tariff measure. If the increase does r - not show more than toe ordinary ratio, the report falls short of its purpose. So 3<?iS leagas no-data are furnished, as by the United States Census, covering all in . dustrial occupations, the inference is not excluded that selections are made with a.view jfco covering a certain end in vie .v. Many very important industries arc left jcot. Cotton, woolens and other tex *,>f "?les, iron^and steel products, etc^,are not mentioned at all. Did they not show a sufficient increase in wages to . jp?rade them as glorious examples of ftaj?ff tjenef&s?. ^T?6 these* are thVprin < eipal industries * which nave received ;taiiff favors. v j X w3l showt iu round figures, their rates of increase, under the benefieent '"protective tariff, from the census of 1870 _Jjto 1880 (in thousands) : PRODUCTS.. Inc. ISTOl 1SS0. &D3C Cotton goods.$11,173 $9.70.) $l,47i Hats, caps and ma . - terials. 10,700 7,500 3.2)0 Iron and steel and ; manufactures.; 53,000 27,030 26,0 ; Here we have the principal industries which can be classed pre-eminently as .protected industries suffering a deciir. i within one brief decade of 633,000.000 ? from $39,000,000 in 1870 to $56.000, 000 in 1880. In the cruder iron and steel products and manu.' stures New York State, in 1870, coatrijj.eJ over 15 per cent, to the total product of the -United States. In 1880 the percentage of the State of New York had gone down to 8 per cent, in the total of these industrial products. Under the b'ight ing influence of the tax on the raw ma atonal the industries falling under these headings have become tranferred from the Democratic State to the Republican 3 State of Pennsylvania. It is no, known to the writer that a perceptible increase has taken place m the succeeding decade, which is to be "covered by the expected returns of the eleventh census. All reports have so . far tended to advertise further decline in these industries in this State. If proof were required further than that of the generally known condition of these in dustries in New York State, the omis sion of Mr. Peck to inclose them in his tabulations would have furnished it. Cotton goods have not increased either, as ?3 well known. Their manu i&cture becomes mor&and more concen trated in certain favored localities from natural causes, the same as in England. In all wool goods the decline is general and alone doe to the tariff on raw wool. The decline in the consumption of wool in proportion to the growth of the popu lation, and the corresponding increase inlsacddyaad Wool substitutes to make rup the deficiency, give full evidence of ;rlt3 of a tariff on raw materials, in- shoddy goods, of course, would make up for the difference. But the^tence of Mr. Peck does not seem to warrant Sie assumption that increased prosperity came to the working people in* 1891 krexcess of that enjoyed in 1890, against the g?nerai depression in wooBen*<ssp?r^he?e else, a fact so welL known to everybody at all' familiar with the? trade? Th? three branches cited goffered a decline in wages paid out and in the number of work people employed, according to the census tables, as fol lows (in thousands) : WAGES ?XD HAND3. Number Number if --. Wagas. Haada. Wages. Hands. gpolV....$2,635 9,14i $2,^IS 9.9W Hats, oto?t etc... a,6? 5,870 2,155 5,213 Iron and steei products...9,90C 18,634 4,991 13.567 Totals.$15,150 33,689 $8,364 28,680 These industries suffered a decline to the extent of $6,780,000 paid less iu wages and 5018 fewer working people employed. " But what is of farther and greater significance is that the rate of wages, as shown here, has gone down to the extent shown here. < The average per hand employed is as follows, - ' 2370. 1880. Dec. Cotton goods.1287 $224 $63 Hats aad caps, etc. 446 413 33 Iron aad steel products. 525 370 155 This is indeed a showing which would gft? lhe death-knell to any high-tariff sentiment still rampant in the greatest manufacturing State of the Union were any facts wanted to prove the absurdity oltl|e claims usuallyjset forth. I wii1. not draw any inferences from this nor generalize on the tacts further than to show the positions of certain in dustries which ought to have steadily in creased in product and in wages paid out finder the benign influence of the tarilT,%ut have, on the contrary, sufferei the heaviest decline. That these facts have been ignored by f a Democratic official authority of the State and spurious facts substituted to . bolster up the policy of the opposition party is the only thing which gives a somewhat serious tone to the absurdity of the publication. A comparison of the product, of wages and of hands employed in industries furthest removed from the influences re ferred to shows on the contrary the following increases: will n,->w return to the facts adducei by him to support his theory. The increase in products is set dowj as $31,000,000. The increase from IS7? to 1830 was ?300,000,000. Considering the price influions o" all commodities, as compared with 1S80, and the decline in such important industries noted above, the increase of 1S30 over 1370 shows for New York fully $tt00,0QO;000, or 631 per cent. On the same basis of progres sion the ?1,080,000,000 of 183 ) ought to have growftto $1,830,000,000 in 1890. The ^ears.of ti% end of the de cade, however, mus* show the greatest ratio of ^crea^^jaarrly on account of the increase ot-25 p?sent, in the population of thei Statoand 'pdrtly on account of the 2enerai\trac?e activity ruling in 1889, 1S90 ancfcl89? against the great stagna tion ruliulr. and spreading in intensity from 18?3 to 1S37. Tue ratio of in crease ought from these consideration5 to be nearer a hundred millions than seventy millions, which would be the average of the decade.. If Mr. Peck, is not able to show more than thai- ;vH>ne millions of increase he and his theory stand con demned by his own figures. Eeed on "Exfrararanee." Ex-Czar Reed is something of a humorist ia bis way and he has seldom been more humorous than he is now in accusing the Democratic House of "ex travagance," because with a Republican Senate and a Republican President against it it could not repeal the sugar bounty act, the steamship subsidy acS and such like acts passed by the Reed Congress, with the deliberate intention of increasing the expenditures of the Government and making the increase permanent. The Reed Congress and the Harrison administration have run the annual ex pense for pensions alone up to $110, 000,000, so that with this and$10,000, 000 a year for sugar bounties we bave a permanent expense of $150,000,000 a year altogether aside from what are properly the ordinary expenses of gov ernment. Under the Disability Pension bill and other pension acts now in operation the annual expense for pensions will increase or some years to come. It will reach at .east $150,000,000 a year, and the only chance the country has of getting rid of it is by outliving the pensioners. The sugar bounty will be repealed as soon as the Democ; ils elect a President and a majority of tue Senate. Until then it re mains with the otiur permanent charges imposed on the country by the most scandalous Congress the country ever had. With a Democratic Senate these per manent charges can be greatly reduced. When Mr. Cleveland is inaugurated he will certainly renew the practice of that strict economy which characterized his first administration and resulted in the surplus which Harrison has dissipated. In tue meantime Harrison is responsi ble before the country for the increased expense of his radical administration. He is costing the country a round hundred million a year more than Arthur cost it. Where is the Republican who will say that Harrison is worth this much more for the country? It may be that we are to have another Republican r.i Presi dent in the future. If so, let us get one who costs less and is worth more for the money.?St. Louis Republic. Why Wagc3 Go Up. The protectionist says that wages go ip because of the taxes he levies on abor. The truth is that wages go up because abor becomes more eifective. If two men, with improved machinery, can produce what four men did before, the pay of each of the four being a dollar a ?ay, the employer can afford to pay ?ch of the two men $1.50. He will make- a dollar a day by the opera tion, a id the cos. of labor in his pro iuct will be just that much less than it was. In a late number of the American Wool and Cotton Reporter is a capital answer to the question we have asked. To-day the help that ten years tended 120 spindles in worsted mills are tend ing 160 spindles, "maidng the increased production, it is declared, of at least equal quality." The Noble comb has taken the place of the Lister comb and it "gives double the quantity of top, in the same time, from the same 3tcck." The change from the fly to the ring frame gives 4000 revolutions a minute, instead of 2600. Machine-dyeing has taken the place of hand methods, so that "in the use of acid-dyestuffs feats are accomplished in less than two hours, and in the employ ment of sweet dyes in less than four lours, that by the uncertain hand pro cesses would demand several daJU for their performance. These are facts that have had a strong influence on wages in the worsted in dustry. Wages depend upon efficiency and product as well as upon the law ot supply and demand. Invention has greatly multiplied man's power, and therefore the man receives more for his work than he did when his tools euabled him to produce less. When a protectionist says that wages depend upon a statute that he has com posed he is simply slandering humaD genius.?New York World. Wages Not Dependent on the Tariff. "If the workingmaa pursues his in quires furthur he will find that during ;hat famous period when the United 5tate3 had a low tariff, from 131G to 1861, wages here were as much h'gher is those in any European country as they ire now, and that during that low tariff Deriod they were steadily rising. He v ill find that wages in this country have ilways been higher than European wages, lot on account of any tariff, but oa ac count of the circumstances surrounding is?the large quantity of cheap, fertile md easily accessible land; the almost lad no less; that labor organizations lave as much influence oa such things lereas in England, and no more; and :hat the promises which the protective policy is commended to the favor of the aboring men cannot possibly be fulfilled >y any tariff 1& v, end are, therefore, a ielusion and * anare.?Harper's Weekly. KILLED BY BRIGANDS. ??ve Men Waylaid in the Sicrre Madre Mountains. A news special of Friday from Duran go, M<xico, says: Celeas Mertez, agent of he State bank of Durango, was on hia vay to Mazatlan, through the Sierre dadre mountains on Wednesday with ?10.000 in gold coin, being transported n bags on the backs of burros. Knowing he dangerous character of the country hrough which he was to pass Martez was ccompanicd by five guards well armed. Mty miles south of Durango and just s they were making the ascent of range of rugged mountains they pere attacked in ambush by brigands, vho have been the terror of that section or several years. Two guards were killed t the first volley. Mertez and hii re naming men returned the fire, but were oon overpowered and shot down, with he exception of one guard who escaped, le told his f *ory to the authorities and [overnmext troops hastened to pursu? he robber*. - = " IM Prominent Papers Ha?e to Say in Regard to Poles, -?___ WOULD THEY WERE AS HONEST! . The essence of !orce bill legislation and Negro Domination at the South is extracted by the Hon. Frederick Doug lass. This is what he says: "I believe that this is to be ultim i*e"y a com posite nation. There is nothing else in store for us. Itis almost certain t > come. I am inclined to think that there ?ifl eventual? com in this country a dictatmahip. Jher? is a growing demand for a strong government that will he able to protect all of its citizens, rich and poor, white and blick alike 'Lam working with the republican party be cause I believe that it is the best instrument to secure this condition of justice toal'. In fact, there is nothing better for us. Th:; election of Cleveland eight years ago turned louse arro gance and assumption everywhere. The coun try was growing praduftlly wors? and more in toierantinit* hearing of all questions relating to the negro.* A strong central government, even to the extent of dictatorship ! That is what Mr. Douglass wants, and he is working with the Republican party because he believes that the Republican party is most likely to give him what he wants. He is right about that. With Federal bayonets at the polls and Nesro domina tion in the South, Douglass' ideal dicta torship would not be so remote. The situation would be simpler if all white Republicans were as honest and candid as the Hon. Frederick Douglass. ?New York Sun. PRESIDENT HARRISON'S L?2TVER. President Harrison's letter of accept ance is simply a stump speech in the form of an epistle. It is less a docu ment to elucidate his views or to explain his party's purposes than an attempt to gain votes by accommodating those views and purposes to a hostile public opinion. Four years ago Mr. Harrison had only contempt for "cheapness." Now he ar gues that the law passed to increase prices has really lowered them. .The paradoxes of protection never had a more daring adapter than the president. According to him the same law has increased prices to the farmer and made food cheaper to the consumer; has lowered the cost of manufactures by taxing their raw mate rials; has enabled the producer to pay higher wages by reducing the price of his product. In one respect only has Mr. Harrison the entire bravery of his Bourbcnism: he defends the Billion Dollar Congress from its initial usurpation to its c osing out rage. That the people condemned this congress, and incidentally his adminis tration, by a majority of more than 1,300,000, is calmly ignored by the pres ident. He says that "a vote of want of confidence is asked by our adversaries," as if that vote had not been given in 1890 and repeated in 1891. The election this year is simply a demand for judgment upon a verdict once rendered and con firmed . President Harrison's tardy recognition of Mr. Blaine's action in forcing the par tial amelioration of reciprocity upon a bill tihat had no original saving clause will hardly atone for his previous action in claiming all the credit of it. Good at far as it goes, this so-called reciprocity is ?tili "a sham," as the Democratic plat form declares it to be. It untaxes for eigners only. It applies to our poorest nstead of to our best customers. And it :avors other countries at the expense of >ur own. The President's contention as to the iffect of tariffs on wages is thoroughly iisingenuous, not to say d'shonest. He cnows that the duty under the McKinley aw in many schedules is more than the mtire labor cost in the articles protected, ;nd yet he repeats the deceptive clap rap about the necessity of covering "the iifferences in wages" between this coun ry and Europe. He claims that "pro ective duties strongly tend to hold up rages, and are the only barrier agatnst a eduction to the European scale," when ?e knows that the wages in free-trade England are from 30 to 100 per cent, ligher than in any protectionist country n Europe,.. and that the variations in vages in the same industries in different States of our Union, under the same tariff, ire as great as the difference between the iverage wages here and in England. It is characteristic of this nefarious ystem of false pretenses that it should :onvert the letter of acceptance of a Resident into the dishonest screed of a peciai pi eader.?New York Worid. THE PENSION SCANDAL. A correspondent from Texas says that the Third party leaders are making some stir with the statement that more pen sions were granted under Cleveland than under any other administration. This is one of the preposterous "state nents" that proceed from ignorance, md can be accepted by me n who will lot keep informed concerning the course of public events. Next to his tariff message, the most notable public service rendered by Mr. Cleveland was the veto of the Dependent Pension bill. It was a courageous, pat riotic and able message ; it was a mes jage directed to the intelligence of the a.merican people. It was a protest against the looting of the treasury under the pretense of patriotism. Mr. Cleveland well knew that it ar rayed against him the organization inown as the Grand Army of 'he Re public, and there can be but little doubt that it was ona of the most eff. c'ive influences leading to his defeat in 1888. To-day all over the North the political influence of the Grand Army of the Re public is used in behalf of Mr. Harri son against Mr. Cleveland. It is sur prising, therefore, to hear that in the State Of Texas people are listening to Third party demagogues, who stop at no misrepresentation, and hesitate at no Blander. Under the law of June 27, 1890, nearly 1,000,000 pensions were granted in the year ending June 30, 1891. The first year of Mr. Cleveland's ad ministration, 35,767 pensions were granted. The first year of Mr. Harrison's ad ministration, 51,921 pensions Tere granted. The second year of Mr. Cleveland's administration, 40,859 pensions were granted. The second year of Mr. Harrison's ad ministration, 66,637 pensions were granted. t The third year of Mr. Cleveland's ad ministration, 55,194 pensions were granted. The third year of Mr. Harrison's ad ministration, 156,486 pensions were granted. During the four years, 1885 86 87-88, covering Mr. Cleveland's administration, 192,070 pensions were granted. JUuring one year of Mr. Harrison's ad ministration, 125,486 pensions were granted. During three years of the Harrison administration 275,041 pensions were granted. The average during Mr. Har rison's administration will be over 100. 000, or more than double the average during the administration of Mr, Cleve land. Under Mi. Cleveland the pension bu reau was conducted in a business-like manner; every applicant received prompt justice under the law. Mr. H arrison, when he became presi dent, appointed Corporal Tanner com missioner of pensions, a man utterly un fit for the place, and ins'ructed him to "be generous with the boys." Corporal Tanner began by making laws for him self. He gave everybody a pension who asked for it. The scandal after a few montha reached such proportions that Mr. Harrison removed Tanner and put in Commissioner Raum. Raum did not im prove matters at all. We do not suppose that the president iotended to improve them. But Commissioner Raum has in-re political sagacity than Corporal Tai ner and has been able to do much for tue party without making the bureau so ridic ulous, though in the end he will certainly make it more infamous. lhe annual appropriations for pensions alone will shortly reach $200,000,000. The proportion to be paid by the south ern states will be from $50,000,000 to $65,000,000, or one-fourth of the ex ported cotton must go to pay the south ern proportion of the pension list. There has never in the history of any civilized nation be^n a treasury raid of such gigantic proportions, so thoroughly organized, so systematically carried on, so destructive to the moral standards of the people, so productive of idleness and vice as the pension scandal in the United States. It grows worse year by year. No Re publican president would dare to attempt to check it. Mr. Harrison signs every private pension bill presented to him. Mr. Cleveland examineo erch measure of this character, and deluged Congress with his vetoes. In view of this record it i3 astonishing that any intelligent man should assail the record of Mr. Cleveland in connec tion with the pensions. He has rendered invaluable service to honest government in his veto of the pension bills, and he deserves the hearty support of all men, regardless of party or of sectional rela tions, for his efforts to protect the treas ury of the Uuited States from the organ ized army of greed.?Courier Journal. TELEGRAPHIC (MIES. The News ol the Worl? (Mensel Mo Pitlij and PoMefl Paiir* Interesting and Instructive to All Classes of Readers. The Seaside house hotel at Rockaway, L. I., was burned to the ground Tuesday morning. Loss, $55,000. The GreeDsbur::, Pa., glass work3, owned by Kuhn Bros., shut down for an indefinite period Thursday, throwing 300 men and boys out of employment. A news special of Thursday states that the British bark Hope has gone down at sea. Six of her crew of nine were drowned. The lost men were ail Welsh. Postmaster General Wanamaker has accepted all of the bids for ocean mail service, which were opened a few days ago at the department, with the exception of that from New York to Rio. This bid will be rejected in order to accept a more advantageous service on practically the same route. A Washington dispatch of Tuesday says : Governor Jones, of Choctaw In dian cation, has requested the Indian bureau to send to his aid Indian police and troops to assist in suppressing acts of lawlessness being committed by bands of men with whom he says the authori ties are unable to cope. A Washington dispatch of Tuesday says : Another of Central American re public seems on the brink of political corruption. The state department is in formed by telegraph from Smjose Costa Rica that President Ridriquez has de clared himself dictator in that country. Several political arrests have been made and great excitement prevails. A question that is deeply interesting the merchants of New York city is as to who will be liable for the damage to goods detained so long in quarantine, or injured by fumigation. Nobody seems to know. The steamship companies dis claim all liabilities and marine insurance men say they cannot well be sued, but some merchants feel like suing somebody. A news special from Bedford, Pa., says: The republican conference of the twentieth congressional district Tuesday nominated J. D. Hicks, of Altoona, oa the 232d ballot, this ending one of the most hotly contested congressional con ferees contests in the history of the state. The deadlock resulted from an attempt to force the renomination of Congress-, man Scull. A committee of 100 in charge of noti fication of Cleveland and Stevenson in Madison Square garden on July 20th last, met in New York 'Iuesday to decide what should be done with the balance of $1,311 left over after the payment of all expenses. By a unanimous vote it was decided to turn the money over to be used in the payment of expenses incurred in warding off cholera. A Philadelphia dispatch of Tuesday says: The threatened Reading railroad strike seems to have been averted. Chief Arthur, of the engineers, and other labor men met President McLeod and General Manager Sweigard. The grievances were p resented and a basis of agreement reached, the company conceding some things. Engineer Schaefer, who was dismissed for joining the brotherhood, will be reinstated. A special dispatch of Thursday from South McAllister, L T., says: The recent trouble between the Choctaw national and progressive parties is settled for the time being. Twelve of the Choctaws who did the killing have laid down their arms and surrendered for trial. Ihe other three will give themselves up at once. The remaining armed men have agreed to lay down their arms and go home. The governor has promised pro tection to the prisoners who arcin charge of officers of their own party. The New Jersey republican state con vention met at Trenton Tuesday. The platform adopted approves the Minneap olis platform, condemns the Democratic doctrine that the protective tariff is un constitutional, and endorses, in glowing terms, Harrison's administration. The rest of the platform deals with state is sues, attacking the state ardmini^tratiou aDd makes a point of the countenance given by the Democratic state officers and party leaders to race-track gambling. Ex-Congressman John K-. an was nomi nated for governor. A $500,000 BLAZE. Business Houses at Albany, N. Y., Burned. About 2 o'clock Sunday morning fire broke out in the upper portion of the Lyon building, on the north side of Hudson avenue between Green and Pearl streets, Albany, N. Y, and spread with frightful rapidity. When the tire men arrived the entire top story was in fi imes and there was a perfect rain of sparks upon the surrounding buildings and into the adjacent streets. The fire appeared to have caught in one of the upper stories occupied ]>y shirt factories, and had made such bend way when dis covered that there was nlready danger that the front wall, five stories high, would fall inio the street. At 2:30 the tire which started in what was formerly the Second Reformed church had spread to the north end of that struc ture, the flames licking up the wooden pillars of the old belfry, and poured up a solid column of flame over a hundred feet in the air. The entire department was on the ground, and the indications were that the entire block bounded by Hud son avenue, Gre> n Brave aud South Pearl streets, would he swept away. The loss will not fall short of $500.000. Disastrous Cyclone. Petersburg, Va., was visited Wednes day by a destructive cyclone, tearing down houses, fences and doi?g gr?ai damage. It is thought there has been several lives lost. CHOLERA IN NEW YORK. Six Deatlis in the City Announced ey tie Heal Boarl Latest News of the Scourge at Other Places. The board of health of New York city announced Wednesday afternoon that, from a bacteriological examination made by Professor Herrman Biggs on bodies of the several suspected cholera patients, there have been six deaths from Asiatic cholera in the city of New York within the past few days. Those who have died are: Charles McVoy, thirty-five years, plasterer's as sistant, died at 879 Tenth avenue, Sep tember 6th; Mrs. Sophia Wigman and William Wigman, died September 10th and 11th respectively at 768 Eleventh avenue. The husband fifty-two and the wife sixty-three years old and each had been sick about eight days; Minnie Lev inger, one year and eight months, died at her parents' home, 411 East Forty-sixth street, September 11th. Charlotte Beck, living at 1764 Second avenue, who was taken sick Tuesday in her apartments, died two hours after the doctor called. All of these cases were originally re ported to the health department as sus pected cholera, and had been under the investigation of physicians connected with the department. The physicians of the health board have no end of trouble in ascertaining how the malady was contracted. Every precaution has been taken to prevent the spread of the cholera. The bedding of each patient was burned and the pre* mises thoroughly fumigated. The : mayor gave reassuring replies to all questions and seemed to feel con fident that the pest would make no appreciable headway. Dr. Bry ant says the health department has two physicians at each house where sanitary inspection has been made at each house suspected. Disinfectants have be^n thoroughly used and a complete I f of all who have entered tho premises, ^as been made, and their movements regis tered. ! The effect of the news upon the ex changes and in business circles was not as far reaching as might be imagined. The cotton and coffee exchanges fell off from 7 to 10 points from the closing prices of Tuesday, but the news was re ceived so late at the stock exchange that no drop occurred. The deaths recorded above are the first from cholera in New York city since 1866 when over 1,600 died. Russia's report. A St. Petersburg cablegram of Wednes day says: The daily average of new cholera case3 and deaths in the provinces of Voronezh, Kjisin, Samara, Saratoff and Orenburg and Don Territory is 400 new cases and 200 deaths e.ich. In the lieu tenancy of Caucacus the daily average is 1,550 cases and 550 deaths. It will be seen from these figures that there has been no diminution in the rate of mor tality, the deaths still reaching 50 per cent of the number of persons attacked. quarantine raised at toledo. A Toledo, O., dispatch says : The lake quarantine was raised Tuesday by secre tary of the treasury who would not au thorize the hiring of a tug which the state had employed. There is great in dignation. CANADA QUARANTINES. A dispatch of Wednesday from Ot tawa, Canada, states that the government has taken further steps to guard against the introduction oi cholera into this country. A proclamation was issued Tuesday ordering a quarantine for twenty days to be observed for vessels arriving in any port in Canada. THURSDAY'S DISPATCHES. The New York evening papers report one new case in the <ity Thursday and two suspects in Brooklyn. Another is reported as far east as New Haven. The health board i* distributing circulars throughout the city warning the people and advising them how to avoid the plague. These circulars are printed in English, German, Italian, etc. There is no sort of apprehension felt by the masses just now, but this may all be changed within a week. The appear ance of the plague in different sections of the city would seem to indicate that it will s^ecp the whole i-land and the ad jacent towns if it once breaks the control of the health department. Keports received indicate that the presence of cholera in the city has stirred 1 up all sections of the country. Havana ] bus dechred New York ships unclean 1 and other cities are preparing to closely 3 scrutinize trains from N w York. MAYOR GRANT'S PROCLAMATI >N. Mayor Grant Thursday afternoon gave out the following: Mayor's Office, September 15.?To the Public: Drea led cholera has app ared in this city and the health department has so far shown its ability to airest the dieease promptly. The j health department und department of charities 1 and correction are fully equipped to arrest and i care for every case and stamp it out of the im- -, mediate locality in which it is discovered. 3 The pr< clamation goes ou to say that - reception hospitals, with doctors and , nurses, are all equipped and ready to re ceive and isolate each case as it is discov ered ; that physicians are closely watch- j ing the thickly populated tenement dis- 1 tr?cts ; th it federal and state authorities have established quarantine stations for those coming from abroad ; that the chamber of commerce is taking active measures to lend assistance; that no en ergy or needed expenditure will be want ing, and that excessive fear on the part of the public is not justified. The mayor calls for confidence in all these provisions to cure for the public weal. The record of the past in stamp ing out typhus and other infectious dis eases, the proclamation reads, should justify faith in the ability of the health department to master the monster cholera that has come to us from foreign lands. The public will be intel ligently advised as to the progress of the disease. The paper closed: Rest assured that all will bo d<>no by the authorities to meet every emergency and with the confidence of the public au 1 ; heir aid in enforcing sauitary regulation*, the cholera will be mastered, health restored and peace, good ordu- and happiue-s maintained. , REPORTS FROM OTHER PLACES. New Haven, Conn., was in a Hurry of ! excitement Thursday over whut seemed to be a genuine case of cholera. Romeo Rooney, a farm laborer, was found writh ing in agony in a Held on the outskirts of the city. The police were notified and a hospital ambulance culled. Ti e man was exhibiting all the symptoms of the dread i disease. News that there was a proba ble case of cholera spread like wildfire. Rooney's brother, l eliding with him on 1 Hudson street, was stricken with the 1 same symptoms. He was also taken to the hospital. The residents of Hudson Ureet were filled with consternation. 1 That part of the city is on new, marshy 1 nrrouzui und ia unhaaJthg- At the IlO&- 1 rrrrrr,- nnwrver, it tsi said that the men < were not suffering from cholera. decreasing in' russia. ] A St. Petersburg cablegram of Thurs day states that there is a marked decrease \ in the number of new cases of cholera in ?.issia, particularly in Vol^a towns and in (,'s.ucussus, where the disease has raged with violence. spreading in antwerp. Measures taken at Antwerp, Belgium, to repress the cholera are totally insuffi cient and the policy of the municipal authorities who, despite the fact that cholera victims are daily taken to hos- i itals, deny the existence of the. disease, 1 as caused the general public to forego ! personal precautions that no doubt wcuid tend greatly toward checking the disease. in hamburg. Two hundred and four Dew cases were officially reported at Hamburg, Wednes day, and eighty-one deaths, *n increase of six new cases and a decrease of fifteen deaths over Tuesday. quarantining all around. Savannah's quarantine against New York is on. The steamship Tallahassee was inspected Thursday morning, being the initiatory step under the new regula tions. All on board were found to be well, and the vessel passed to the city without a minute's delay. brunswick acts. Health Officer Dun woody, of Bruns wick, Ga., issued orders Thursday that all vessels from all ports north of Hat teras must be stopped at quarantine for inspection. If they stand satisfactory inspection they will be allowed to come up to the city. When the pilot3 board at sea if any contagious disease is found aboard the ship they will be sent to the Sapelo island quarantine station. Nashville's precautions. The Nashville city board of health has ma?2 provisions for inspecting suspicious illness on railroad trains. They have also arrrnged for quarters for cholera cases tha? may be developed. The board also adopted a resolution to prohibit the sale of watermelons either from stores or wagons, and will confiscate and destroy all found being offered for sale. warning the b7eam8hip companies. A dispatch from Loon Lake, N. Y., says: Notwithstanding the terrible per sonal affliction under which he is labor ing, the president on Thursday sent a tel egram to the secretary of the treasury saying the attorney general had sent him an opinion to the effect that he had full power under the law to prevent the land ing, in this country, of all immi grants coming from ports infected with cholera, or any other contagious disease. He suggested that the secretary of the treasury convey this information to the trans-Atlant?c ship companies, together with an official notice that unless they acted in strict accordance therewith, he, the president, would issue an executive order prohibiting entirely all immigration from infected ports without exception. The secretary of treasury is urged to give the matter carefui and thorough consid eration and to advise the president promptly of his action in the matter. The mayor and board of control of Cleveland, 0., have decided to notify of ficials of railways entering that city that no more immigrants from infected ports will be received in Cleveland. A mili tary medical quarantine has been estate lished at the eastern state line. havana quarantine. The board of health of Havana met Thursday and resolved, first, to declare all vessels arriving from New York since the 11th instant unclean, and all arriving from other United States ports since the same date suspicious. Second, to ob serve a strict quarantine against the United States. RED MEN IN COUNCIL. Braves From all Parts of the Union Assemble in Atlanta. The great council of Red Men of the United States met at Atlanta Tuesday. Judge Robert T. D miel, of Griffin, Ga., was master of ceremonies. He called the body to order and spoke eloquently of the c( uncil fire's holy flame flashing from hilltop to hilltop, purifying the hearts and ennobling the minds of all who came under its benign influence. Georeia's Red Men appreciate the kind ling of the council fire here, and they will renew their allegiance and conse crate their best talent in advancing their beloved order. Throughout the state and throughout the south the organiza tion will be benefited. Judge Daniel's speech was brief and beautiful, and heartily applauded. He introduced Captain S. D. Bradwell, state school commissioner, who, in the absence of Governor Northen, welcomed the great council to Georgia. Captain Bradwell made a happy speech. He reminded his visitors of Georgia's progress commer cially and intellectually. He told them what Georgia does in the way of educa tion, approximating $1,200,000 this year for free school.*. "Georgia is the Empire State of the 8outh, an empire distin guished for the manliness of her men and for the womanliness and purity of her women. Judge Joseph Suit, of Indians, was in troduced to respond to Captain Bradwell's speech. Judge Suit's speech was well received. He concluded by saying that no maiden ever hastened to a lover's ca resses more eagerly than the Red Men had come to Georgia to receive this greeting. Mayor Hemphili was introduced by Judge Daniel. The mayor gave a warm welcome to the council. He presented the facts about Atlanta. His speech was well received and frequently applauded. Past Great Incohonee Charles H. Litch man made the response to Mayor Hemp ail l's welcome. He had twice before tasted Atlanta's hospitality and said he, when a man acknowledges that he can say no more, there is nothing beyond it. He ihanked the mayor for the warm words of welcome. Great Sachem Y. A. Wright, of Geor gia, welcomed his brothers in the name :>f four thousand chiefs and braves, their wives and children to the hunting grounds }f Georgia. After other brief speeches the exercises ?losed and the council went into secret jession. ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND Gather in Grand Reunion at Memor able Chickamauga. The reunion of the society of the Army of the Cumberland commenced Thursday moreingat 10 o'clock. General Rosecrans presided at the first meeting of the socie ty. Reports from the work on the nation al park were presented and approved. Out on the battlefields the veterans looked up the locations of their various commands, and all sorts of wagons and hacks being employed to convey the throng to the na tional park and adjacent grounds. Gen. H. V. Boynton delivered the annual ora tion before the society and a large gath ering of citizens and visitors at night. General Boynt-m reviewed the achievements of the army of the Cum berland, and in so doing sought to cor- 1 rect some of the errors of history in the memories of Grant and Sherman by the | light of official records only recently made accessible. In doing so he claimed the credit of saving Grant from the dis grace of a surprise at Shiloh, for Rosc crana victory at Chickamauga and for Thomas' success at Missionary Ridge. Grant and Sherman's memories wherein misrepresentation concerning the army of Cumberland were given currency was caustically reviewed. The address was a - scholarly and eloquent effort and will no doubt, attract muci criticism. The audience rewarded the speaker by fre quent applause. It is understood the meeting to be held in 1893 will be at Cleveland, Ohio, in December. Almost nil of the guests left for Washington Friday to attend the Grand Army of the Republic. The Yeraiont Election. A news special from Ruthford, Vt., 9ays: Returns of the recent election have been received from the entire state. Ful ler, republican for governor, has 39,190; Smalley, democrat, ha* 19,526; Allen, prohibitionist, 1,650; Fuller's plurality, 19,664, and majority, 18,014. Compar ed with 1888 this is a republican loss of 9,262, a democratic loss of 1, and a pro hibitioa gain of 278. ASIATIC CHOLERA. ITS ORIGIN, METHODS OP PRE VENTION AND TREATMENT. How Cholera Germs May Be Extir pated?Importance of the Diet and. of Cleanliness In and About the House. T yTROM a pamphlet upon Asiatic *=/ cholera, issued for free circula I tionby Dr. L. H. Harris, of (f Pittsburg, Penn., we make the following extracts concerning the dis ease, its prevention and proper methods of treatment: In "Wood's Practice of Medicine, 1855, ' we read that although long known in India, the cholera first began to at tract the attention of the medical pro fession generally in the year 1817, when it broke out as an epidemic with great violence in Bengal and then commenced the fearful march which did not cease until it had encircled the globe. When Dr. Wood wrote, in 1854, there seemed to be a great uncertainty in the minds of the medical profession and much diversity of opinion as to the na ture of the specific cause of the disease. Even at that early date the "germ theory," though not understood as now, was vaguely hinted at by more than one. On this question Dr. Wood writes, "some have been disposed to refer the results to invisible animalcules" and while admitting that many circumstances tend to show that such a theory is with in the bounds of a reasonable proba bility, adds, "still it must be confessed that the opinion is without proof; as these animalcules have never been de tected." It has been reserved for medical scientists of our own day and within the past ten or twelve years to develop and prove the so-called germ theory, and it is now generally accepted by all that the diseases referred to by Dr. Wood, catarrh and influenza, are ' also diseases propagated entirely.by distinctive germs, which have been isolated and very minutely described. Professor Koch, the eminent bacteriologist of Berlin, by his personal experience and experiments in India, in Egypt and elsewhere during the epidemic of 1883 and 1884, has es tablished beyond serious question the fact that cholera in its malignant form is also a bacterial or germ disease, having isolated and identified the "comma bacillus" as the peculiar germ always existing in every case of genuine cholera and never found under other circumstances. These cholera germs may exist to a limited extent in the air during periods when the disease is epidemic, but more generally find their way into the system by the drinking of impure water, and one of the best precautionary methods is to use no water for drinking except that which has been boiled. Spring water and that from shallow wells should be especially avoided. The development of the germ theory of this disease enables the medical pro fession to control it to a greater extent than formerly and suggests many means of prevention entirely unknown during former epidemics. This cholera germ is readily propagated ^nd rapidly multi plied in the alimentary canal, and its first existence is shown by a diarrhoea, which should be checked at once, and if possible by remedies which at the same time destroy the germs of the disease; the delay of a single hour in such cases is hazardous, since it is only in the earlier stages of the disease that it is likely to yield to medical treatment, and hence the great necessity for having some re liable remedy always at hand for such emergency until the services of a physi cian can be secured. Hence also the propriety of using preventive medicines, as well as a strict attention to the diet and ordinary sanitary regulations during a period when cholera and other infec tious diseases are prevalent. The germ theory having been admit ted, it follows that the best preventative remedy will be one which by experi ence has proved most effective in de stroying those germs and one which may be used with the utmost safety. No other preventative remedies should be placed in the hands of the general pub He. The popular belief that brandy and other alco?olic stimulants are a safe guard against the dreaded disease should be discountenanced, since it is a well known fact that those who are accus tomed io the use of such stimulants are among the first to succumb to the dis ease. Brandy or whisky or gin may in some cases be used to give temporary relief in the earlier stages of the disease when other remedies are not available but should in no case be taken as a pre ventive. While it is admitted tha^ the best medication is preventive, yet there is room for choice in this matter and al coholic beverages should be avoided as far as possible during*the beated term and more especially during a cholera epidemic. It should also be borne m mind that it is op the utmost import ance that a physician should be called at the earliest possible mo ment. Household remedies, while con venient and indeed important to use im mediately on the appearance of the first symptoms, should be considered simply as a temporary expedient until profes sional skill can be secured. All garbage should be burned, no filth or decaying vegetable or animal matter should be permitted to remain unburnt, disinfectants should be freely appiied whenever needed, but mo3t of all should closets, drains, outhouses and cellars be carefully looked after. The eeilars eve.i in the better class of dwellings are fruitful sources of disease, they are frequently damp and poorly ventilated, and domestics are too apt to throw a decaying vegetable into some out of the way corner. Every cellar should be thoroughly cleaned and white-washed and if not freely ventilated immediate steps should be taked for the fullest circulation of pure air through every part; quick-lime, copperas, choloride of lime or some preparation of carbolic acid or thymol sho*ild be sprinkled freely on the floor along each wall and in every crevice and corner and the utmost clean liness insisted upon. The importance of the santary condition of the cellar can not be overestimated. The stable and carriage house is an other fruitful source of disease and should receive more than ordinary attention. The grades around the house should also be looked after that there be no pools of stagnant water and if there are shallow wells on the premises they should be closed and hermetically sealed. In high localities the disease does not prevail to the same extent as on the lower levels. Impure water, lowness of sites and the emanations arising from the de composition of animal refuse, are stated as the local causes which favor the pro pagation and development of the dis ease. Personal cleanliness is of such obvious importance that it would seem scarcely worth calling attention to but for the fact that many very respectable peoplt* are so particular about the condition of the stomach and liver, kidneys and other organs that they almost entirely ignore the important functions performed by the skin. With a healthy skin well cared f or* one would haie less .occasion to consider internal organs. It is not so much the matter of bathing as it is a ne cessity for exposing the entire surface of the body to the atmosphere. The entire body should be sponged off with water twice a day. A bath room is not a ne cessity, a basin of water, a sponge and a towel are all tha t is ieaiiy required, but the entire body should be exposed to the air during this abhifton night and morning. The diet should be carefully ^guarded though not necessarily restricted to any great extent. It should be such as to maintain the digestive organs1 and the general system in the best possible con dition without stimulation or . depression and should consist of both animal and vegetable food. Unripe fruits, as well as those which are overripe, should be avoided. Vegetables which are not fresh and those difficult of digestion may prop erly be dispensed with ancLnieats which have been kept for any length of time should not be used. Attention to the diet is of the most importance if there is a general ten dency to looseness of the bowels. In such cases essence of beef, beef tea, chicken soup with rice, broiled chicken, broiled beef steak,mutton or lamb ch.>ps broiled, boiled rice, tea ahd toast and simi lar articles of food shorTd be given the preference. Gum Arabic water with loaf sugar may be used freely as a drink. Salt meats, fish whether fresh or salted, oysters, clams, vegetables, fruits and all greasy food should be avoided, and the patient should be kept as quiet as possi ble, perfect rest being desirable. Excessive labor both of brain and body, worriments, anxieties, sudden changes of temperature and everything which tends to debilitate, enervate or depress the system should be avoided. The necessity for pure drinking water has already been dwelt upon but this is a matter of such vital importance that it may well be referred to again. A small quanity of citric acid or lemon juice if added to the water will be found both agreeable and beneficial and may be used' as freely as desired. Cholera although infectious, spread by. some hidden or diffusive power, is not a contagious disease. It is not conveyed; by personal contact as is small-pox and, some other diseases. It is important that this fact should be emphaaizsd so there need be no hesitancy in caring for those afflicted with the disease. ??Hand and Seal." The expression t<hand and seal,''which occurs so frequently in legal documents, is a reminder of the time when few men were able to write even their own names. Scores of old English and' French deeds are extant, some of them ex?cuter}, by kings and noblemen, in which the signa ture is a hand dipped in ink, the seal be ing afterward appended, together w?h the sign of the cross, the name of the man executing the deed being written by another hand. Dipping the entire hand in ink was, however, inconvenient and dirty, and later the thumb was substi tuted. The seal continued to be used, and though now it has become only a formality, legal practice has in many ways pronounced its employment indis pensable GROWTH OF THE SOUTH. The Industrial Development for the Past Week. The iron market for the past week shows signs of greater activity, the demand increasing and prices growing moire firm, and the outlook much more encouraging. In structural iron and steel there is a decided advance, and con siderable enquiry is reported. The lumber mar ket continues active, with a steady and increas ing demand. Mercantile business is improving in the Southern cities, ani a considerably in creased demand is expected from farmers, who have, during the past season, bought cautiously, and are now in better financial condition. Forty-three n*w industries were established or incorporated during the week, together with 10 enlargements of manufactories, and 19 im portant new buildings. Among the new in dustries reported are aluminum works at Borne, Ga., a cotton compress at Longvietr, Texas, a $10,000 development company at Savannah, Ga., and an electric power plant at Co vingt on, Ey. Flour and grist mil?g are to he built at Big Beedy, Ey., W?iis and ChilSbothe, Texas, the latter having $30,000 capital; a foundry and machine shop is reported.at Greenwood, Miss., a muck bar mill at Harriman, Tenn., and an ice factory at Brinkley, Ark*, and a fertilizer factory at- Wilmington, N. 01 An iron mine will be opened at Llano, and a coal mine at Laredo, Texas, ochre works at Cartersville, Ga., a pulp mill at Davis, W. Va-, a rice null at Brunswick, Ga., *nd a tannery at Borne. Ga., a $50,000 box and package factory ? at Clemont, Fia., a $100,000 chair factory at Louisville. ?y., furnirure factories at Kanawha City and Point Pleasant, W. Va., saw and plan ing mills at Livingston and Midland City, Ala., Jacksonville, Fla., Cro>sville, Fowlkes and Har riman, Tenn., Lockh&rt, Miss.* and Bichmond, Va., ahd a barrel factory at Milan, Texas. The enlargements for the week include coke ovens at Warrior, Ala., gas works at Memphis, Tenn., cotton mills at OpeHka, Ala-, and Athens, Ga., a shoe factory at .Birm ingham, Ala., and a furniture factory at Jack sonville, Fla. Among the new buildings of the week areTjusiness houses at Lexington, Ky-, Henrietta -and McKinney, Tex.; churches at Tri on and Wavcrosa, Ga,; Meridian, Miss^ Houston, Tex., and Clifton Forge, Va.; a $20, 000 school building at Graf ton, W. Va. ; banks at Bristol, Tenn, Pecos, Tex., and WilHamstoa, W. Va., and a warehouse at Paducah, Kyn and Little Bock, Ark. ATLANTA MARKETS. CORRECTED WEEKLY. Groceries. Coffee?Boasted?Arbnckle's 20.60 $ 100 lb. cases.Lion 20-60c: Levering's 20.60c, Green-Ex tra choice 20c; choice goodl?c; fair 18c; com mon 16>?c Sugar-Granuiated 5%ci on granu lated ?c; powdered $%c; cut loaf 6c; white >xtra C 43?c; New Orleans yellow clarified j3?c; yellow extra C 4c. Syrup?New 0i leans choice 4S@50; prime 35<g40c; common *0?35c Molasses?Genuine Cuba 35(?SScimi tation 22<$25. Teas?Black 35@55c; green 10@60c. Nutmegs 65@70c. Cloves 25@30a Cinnamon 10(2)12%;. Allspice 10@llc Jamai 'a ginger 18c Singapore pepper 14c; Mace $1.00. Bice fan? 7%c; good 6%c; common "^@6c; imported Japan 6@7o Salt?Hawley's dairy $150; Virginia 70c. Cheese?Fuil cream, Cheddars ??e; flats <2^c- White fish, half bbK$4 00; pails 60c Soaps^-Tallotv, 100 bars, 75 lbs $3 00a 3 75; turpentine, 60 bars, 60 lbs, $225 a 250 ; handles?Parafine 12c; 8tarl0>$c. Matches? iOOs $4 00; 300s S3 00a3 75; 200s $2 00a2 75; 60s, 5 toss S3 75. Soda?Kegs, bulk 5c; do 1 lb pkgs r>?c; cases, 1 lb 5%c. do 1 and %lbs 8c, do%lb Mfii Crackers?X?X soda 6^c; XXX butter skc; XXX pearl oysters 6c; shell and excelsior 7c- lemon cream ye; XXX ginger snaps 9c; corn litils 9c. Candy?Assorted stick 6%c; French mixed 12%c. Canned goods?Condensed milk ^6 OOaS 00; imitation mackerel $3 95a4 00; sal mon $6 00a7 50: F. W. oysters SI 75a-; L.W. *125; corn $2 50 a3 50; tomatoes $160. Ballnotash $3 20. Starch?Pearl 4#c; lump 5c; nickel packages $3 50; celluloid $500 Pickles, plain or mixed, pints $100al 40; quarts $1 50al 80. Powder?Bifle, kegs $5 00; % kegs $2 75; % kegs SI 50. Shot $1 70 per sack. F?onr. Grain and Meal. Flour?First patent $5 50; second patent $4.75; extra fancy $4.15 fancy $4 00 ; family $3 50@$4 00. Corn?io. 1 white 66c. Ko 2 white 65;; mixed 65c Oats Mixed 42a-c; white 44c; Kansas mat proof Mc. Hav?Choice timothy, large bales, 90 No. 1 timothy, large bales, 85c; choice timothv. small bales, 90c; No. 1 timothy, small bales 85c; N<>. 2 timothv, small bales, 80c. Meal-Plain 65e ; bolted 5Sc. Wheat bran Large sacks 80c, small sacks 82}?o Cotton fieed meal-Si 10 per cwt. Steam feed?$L35 l>er cwt. Grits?Pearl $3.60. Country Produce. Eggs 12Kal4c. Butter?Western creamery 20a22V?c- choice Tennessee 16al8c; other grades I0al2y!c Live poultry-Turkeys 10@12V{c per lb- hens 28 and 30 young chickens lar-'- l3a22V?c ; small spring 10al5c. Dressed noultrv?Turkeys 18a20c; ducks I2#al5c; chick ens 15al6. Irish potatoes, 2.50@2.75 perbbl, *weet potato new?70a75 per bu, Honey Strained 8al0c ; in the comb 10al2c Onions $2 50 per bbL Pro vivions. Clear rib sides, boxed 8^c; ice-cured beltter lO&c Sugar-cured hams I3al5c, according to brand and average; California break fast bacon 12al2%c Lard-Pure leaf ?0 leaf 93*; refined none.