The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, June 01, 1892, Image 1
?L fi !?
% 11 % w
TH? 8??TER WATCHMAN, Katabliahed April, 1S.S0.
Consolidated Au?. 2, ?S^I.
'Be Just and Fear no:
SUM TER
Le: ail t?i? Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's "
1??Y. TKiK SOLTHKON, Kdtabl?shed June, II99
S. C.= WEDNESDAY, JUNE I, 1892.
New Seri?s?Vol. XL No. 44.
Publi&dd 97ory Wednesday,
3v
N. O-. OSTEEN,
S?MTEll, S. C.
TEKM3 :
Two Dollar? per annual ? ic advance.
advert:skmks~s.
One Square, firs? insertion.$1 00
Every subsequent insertion. r>o
Contracta for three^mouths, or longer will
be made at reduced rates.
All communication* whle? subserve private
nterests will bech^r^r.! for ^ advertisements, j
Obituaries and tributes ot respect will be |
charged tor.
THE SM?M)S NATIONAL BANS, j
OF SUM TER. j
STATE, CITY A SI COUNTY DEPOSI
TORY, SUMTER, S. C.
Paid up Capital.?75,000 00 j
Surplus Fund. 10,500 00 i
Transacts a General Banking Business.
Careful attention given to collections.
SAVINGS DEPARTMENT.: j
Deposits of SI and onwards received. In-,
terest allowed at the rate of 4 per cent, per
annum. Payable quarterly, on Srst days of i
Januarv, Apr:!, Juh and October.
* R. M. WALL A CK.
President. !
L. S. Carson.
Aug. 7 Cashier.
m w mm
SUMTE R, S C.
CITY AND COUNTY DEPOSITORY.
Transacts a general Banking o::sit:css.
Also hes
A Savings Bank Department, !
Deposits of $1 CO a::d upwards received.
Isterest calculated the r.-.:e of -1 per cent, j
per annum, payable quarterly.
W. F. B. EAYNSYYoRTH,
W. F. Ehamz. President. I
Cashier.
Aug 21.__ j
DR. E. AUA SOLOMONS, " !
DENTIST.
orhve
OYER BRUINS & PURDY?S STORE.
Entrance on M iiu St reet,
Between Brow::.-; ?<: Purd; r.nd Durant & Son.
OFFICE b< ' (* : !r* :
9 to ! 30 : '2 to j <..ucK.
Suroter. S. C . A pril ..'
G. W. DICK, D. ?. S.
Office over Bogins New Store,
iktra.vce on mais STKB5T
SUMTER, S. C.
Office Hours.? 9 :o 1:30 ; 2:30 to 5.
S*nt S
MACHINE SH
A.l kinds of
MACHINE WORK REPAIRS
can be had in Surater, at sr.ort notice, ar.-i i?i
the ver j best class of work, at : re
cently opeo*-d by the undersigned on Libert)
Street, near tbtC. S. & X. Depot.
Boilers Patched, and Hill and Gin
Work a Specialty. j
Prompt attention given to work in the |
coantry. aud ftrst class workmen sent to at !
tend to same.
Call at the shop or 1 ire?s through Surater
Poet offire
Aug 13 EDGAR SKINNER
NEW LUMBER YARD.
IBEG TO INFORM MY FRIENDS AND
xb.9 public g?ner*!!* that my Saw Mill
located on the C. S ? N R R j ' *ek o?
my resident, is now in fui operation, and 1 j
am prepared to furnish all grr>id**s of Yeli< w '
Pine Lumber from untied timber, a? prices \
according to graces
Yard accessible on North ?:de of residence.
J. b ROACH. '
Feb IS.
. FOR SALE. j
rr^HAT TRACT op L \X!> --r Snmter
X r :'- - > Surater C ' ..S " . c n; . = - j
ing 200 ACRES, more or less, and i traded
as follows; North, bv : rond from (Vv |
Of Sua;ter to Cit.f- S.iV-,:.-: ,:: ; East; ?>;, mridS:
of Joo. T. Biker: Son?h. r.v- rut: Cone]
S-tTanoau : Ws-st, tv\ in;;d; ' * J*?o r <i.iria*-:? j
and of Mi - :: Plowden : beingarable!
land and now ut ierc'J ticatioa.
For l"rm; to.
" QRE-IG ?MATTHEW?,
Dec 9.?x Ch?rKs?on S. C.
Why Rent Land Wh< n Yon C tn Buy :
a Hom~ <?n Easy TVrms?
FOR SALE.
?
ATRACT OF QCKHj FARMING AND
T:m?'?-r land., con tail i- < '.**y.; vc: vv t : h |
good <lwe|jif?g a*?d (.*:; ! : ** . < . :
half nui?* from li-.Y? :: on >?:?uri es
ter Hnd Augusta R. R , ? mi es r. n > r
Will se:! as a *hoie or in tots to suit pur- :
chasers.
Terms ? One-third <-::=; bala'n?.tsy pav
jnentsand low interest. See or addrers
W. O. CAIN,
Rnmsey, P. O.. S. V. j
OR
E. W. Dabbs, Agt.
Dec 30.?tf.
SPECIAL ATTi:XTiON
Given ro C>>fop?uniirvz ]' - ;'i.rj-.
GLENN SPRINGS
MINERA!, W.\!KR !
A Sa*. I'Vh,,.,' :?.t :i- i - s-rs of tl
LIVER. KIDNEYS. B. ' " : AN
BOWELS.
Fol; SALE J;V
1>r. A. J. CHINA.
l>k. J. K \V 1>bU)RME.
W. R IH.L'iAi;. A- i.f
PAUL SIMPSON. Shipper.
Gi< m?i Sps S i*. J
Mcb.
IP PF i! urvriT?
FREE TONTINE POLICIES.
IN Tri S
EQUITABLE
Ll??i ??uUuili^ ???IM1,
Of 120 Broa?^ray. ?fcw Ter:-:.
EXAMPLE NO, 1.
No.
KIND OF POLICY,
(V'??riHrr Life "Free Tontine.
' Policy. >'<').S2.">. Arn t. S?0.000
Amt. : i') Co. r?::ri:ii? years, $7010.00
RESULTS.
Twenty years of protection
to the extent of $10,000 al
ready t ttJOf/t d.
liions of MM DSere? is
1891.
1st Su rrender I*o 1 i< y and draw
the cash value SO.703.30. (a
rtfum of 8138,40 for ut(:h
Slf)0 paid to the Gomgniiy..)
OR
2d. Take out a paid up Policy
(payable at death) for ?lo,
000. and nav no more pre
miuiiis.
OR
3d. Draw the surplus (a ca&h
dicldntd of) S5. S 17.00. (over
four fifths of the money paid
to the Co ) and continue the
original Policy for 810,000,
in force by the payment of the
annual premiums 8350.-50
less annual dividends.
OR
4th. Convert the surplus ?5,
817.60 into paid up insurance
payable at death for S9.230,
and continue the original pol
icy in force bv the pavment
of the same annual premiums,
less annual dividends.
By this last option the holder
of this policy can have lus in
surance increased to SiU.230
without auditiona! cost.
Certificates and other partic
ulars furnished on application.
The "Twenty Payment Life"
Policies cost a little more, but
show much better results
THOS, E. R?CH?R0SON
SUM L'EK, S. C
June 1 i.
j
t\>r infants and Children.
Castoria promotes Diffovfcion, and (
St*>niiwh3 I ?:!:!.'ii'>.i, ar?d Fevfrislmcss.
Thkz tb> r'tdUl is r?dezvd healthy and its j
sleep natural. Castoria contains uo j
Morphine < ?r o*;.?-r narcotic property.
"Cw?--r.r!v ?- }i'?itjj>"l t<"> children ?hat |
1 r**'" " ! il its kmj* * i*?r to 'irv prescription (
known to i::- - H. A AkCHEK. M. I>., |
1H South OxfoH Brooklyn, N. Y.
*M nse Cnprnri i in :ny pracr*^. an-? St*] it |
Specialty ?vluj.'-.? ; t.. .\;7?-ti- >ns < ' . ' ! ? !.
Ai.ex. rtT>?:::?.t.-o;:, M. !>..
l' i: - i A.V-vr York, j
I <wt; say that Cas?' rja hv?.:; ni*"!icia*? j
for chiWryu. u??~iair. a* a Iaxat:v-:t?wi rflietitii; j
.!:(. 'ii Many mothers -.v.- ;- : ! mV: of it**x- j
cellent effect ui<ua th~;r ehil tren.''
ifa. G. C. Owonn,
I...v.-?. Mas.?, j
Ins Ckvta- r: Cojspant, 77 Murray Str?>-t, N. Y. |
!
?% C$ c** C\ r - c. ^ ^ O
@ B??Y?rcSY E0DY q
e:r;;';:rt::"r,:v::;
antt ? S?? !' " " <st ? *..?. An 1i .:?.ui.
g. ou?i r?.
' I g M r ^
c'iia *iSy; -:;--t ?>i?J --v?->
G
?T-ir-fT il.: - Y>
^jy . ; il. ;t> I *
!;..;.;.! . . .. *? . ;. . . : 'l ' ri
G ? O v-j Q Q O 'w ?
Mantisse?. t~"\o /~ cir*
AGHINtRi t-?R SalL.
Or... Z :-:?< h (? t-i \i i l
I! ' !ti j . > i it;-.?2 ?". x i,
T?.- ?': . <? :.! \|; : ...
?Ii if. ru
'i.'t ? uvw
r1 iv/r t>
0 JOHNS! 'i
MTi.?:? S c,
-'i i: i-; -
a n i> is. i r j ia?k a.
3
6r?l
COLUMBUS DAY. OCT. 12
A Message to the Public School
of America.
LOCAL OBSERVANCES St'G-UEST.EI)
The ?>:tv Should It*' Sijtn:tl"z?-?1 in Ftvcry
Town ;!!i<l V'illyic?" the Republic hy
.i IxK-al Celebration of Which the Pub
lic School is the Center.
To the scholars of the public schools
of the united States the executive com
mittee of the Columbian public school
celebration sends the following mes
sag>
The 15th of October, 2S?2, the 400th
anniversary of the discovery (rf Amer
ica, ought to ho observed everywhere
in America.
The (lay will be market! in Chicago
by"the dedication of the Columbian ex
position grounds. The day also may
be signalized in every town and village
in the republic by a local celebration of
which rhu public school is the center.
The public schools of the republic will
form the most fitting centers for all
these local celebrations. A nation;) 1
public school observance simultaneous
wirb the Chicago exercises will awaken
a popular interest in the coming exposi
tion. F.;r more important is the fact that
the public school h.is The right to occupy
the most prominent place in the celebra
tion. The public school is thooneeh? rac
teristic institution which links all the
neighborhoods together and can thus
furnish a common bond for a national
celebration. Ta? public school is the
ripe fruit of the four centuries of Ameri
can civilization. The public school of
today sways the hundred years to come.
How It Came About.
The first approval of this suggestion
came from the public school scholars
themselves. ?Vhen the plan was first
proposed by The Yout?i's Companion.
January, thousands of letters were
received-: testifying to the enthusiasm
with which the scholars responded.
The world's congress auxiliary of the
Columbian exposition then took up the
proposal, calling upon all the people of
the republic to observe the day in ?h<-ir
own localities, and suggesting that the
public schools be everywhere the cen
ters of the celebration.
Tue superintendents of education
were the next to recognize the fitness of
giving to the public schools the first
place in this Columbian anniversary.
At their national Convention in Brook
lyn in February, they took charge
of the movement, and appointed the
undersigned an executive committee to
lead the schools in Dheir commemora
tion.
\pp?-:il to the Scholars.
Tili; executive committ< --now a; peals
to th-- scholars themselves to be the |
to m v-. It i.; for you. scholars < :' the I
American public .-< ::> '>, to arouse a i
sentimentin your s? ' <?is and in your
neigbbor hoods for this grand way of
celebrating the finding < ' America. IM- j
ueators and : ;.<_:: rs will meet you from I
their side; But it is for you to begin.
There are IS.OOO.?ftG now in the public
schools. You have the chance to con
?tuet a patriotic Movement wnicn wiil j
* n the r< public through the coming ecu- :
tury.
What t<> !><>.
j
The* fir-t thin * to do is t<> determine, j
when you r*wl this message*, that you j
will d o a il you can to induce your seh- el ;
t? t ?j??t the celebration. Then show I
this message to your teachers: every* pa
triotic teacher will be glad t ? help you
the message to the .-eh ">1 committee and j
the stip.-rini.ndv>.t?tlieir cousent and j
aid are indispensable.
After you secure the- support ( ' au
tliese. then let the school vote that it j
will enter the celebration.
The next thing after this public vote !
will be th-. ;:..;? :r:!i::- rrt ? >f a strong com- I
mitt'-' made up j-<b:tly from citizens,
molars and teachers to take charge.
The- committee- shoiil?] in ail cities con- j
ist of those most in earnest, so that trie j
kvorii mav n<?t be checke*! bv anv possi-- i
>l?i change of teachers during the sum- I
The Programme.
A programme of exercises will be
urnisheti by the executive committee.
i will bo simple and adaj>ted to any
rchool, yet So arranged that more clabo- i
ate exerciser may be added w'jierever
iesired. The aim of this o?icial pro- j
rcises may be ? t i- - same in evt ry sehoo? |
tithe ' republic., '.and that at least in one I
eatnre the Chicago programme and the J
:hool programme may be ident)<ah i
lu ?lue titr? t his executive committee !
nil make further sngg**>t;ons.
I (. Lovji.1 < <>im im i 11 ? ? .
The duty of y..;ir ?- ":::,::: u will first
- t- ' in?er.rS? the citizens nud to pre] .are
he>.-h..-l. i'rV^rssr.tis^tiayJbearrruiged. |
"he veterans. bo'h n.?rth S"Uth,wii!
:! * - inijttary. civic and r? iigiOus ?>r
;?::iz tt'.-'.n-. : ?*-;e-!i o-wn will lend their:
i'i if they sv - trial Sriio?is are ! -
rir-ir.'-'i ;h:it c ' brhTrOii shall K
rij? !:. . ; V:iOi;.h!-- > ! ail > -rT^.
I sr.- < 1 '. !-'.' t :. ;-t:.i rs an-i srriT">vs .-h?>a?d
e il';;!n:.r fronj <-\ :\ :. :.>- I lions?- n,
II : .' .: . '.: , .
. . i- ; : U ,vi!l :illow
It- . . l- ora:,
! \.-. ?t1 ?vi f'i.inm O 1. -.
Frai?.'-hs r:JetTan-:y. '--ratiriua-i:, r> ;>i<- '-?;t
' !' . o.a.
John VV. 1),. k-ir.s. < r-tary of Mas
: . ft : . . ,..?:.'
'1 li??n:.i . t'.: S!? ? )< w? I!. cf'niijiis>;it;i^r of
nh'Ac --.-itfoj of Itii ..[> L'-Ian 1.
\V; 11. < .a: ;? ;r.;> i.r. i ih>-nd^nt pob
c instrneM i< >ri T< htw
V\ :, -. : . : Mieh
r.i rj i-I ' \.W<-rtiG"- tair.
Iii?- I v? I i I : ; 111 of t < ...fuii.
. . I . i : -
tb :.> :-;: .: ?! A tu? j i? '. -ii. . ...vs-v.
. mi |M'i-o I->1 I'-'it
>vi-li f< T'a successful national deraonstra
ti.-n.
On Oct. !".' the eyes of the* nation \vi 11
be 5 nme1 tipon the publie sc;:- - -Is. which
f?rin the keystone in the arch of onr
civilizati >n. Throughout the length and
breadth of out land the !vi.(M^).00"i pupils
enrolled i:: our fn o public schools will,
as with one voice, som: \ a note which
will thrill the nafivh;
THE SHIPS OF COLUMBUS.
A Description ?>1" t??o <:; ? ;.t Disoo\ it<.t'?
I.i * i ri v-.TS2.ni m;..
t?1.
1 ,]<
11 i
of the diseovt ry f America cannot fail
to awaken a reverence for the Genoese
mariner whose intrepivl daring ami en
thusiasm changed the destiny of man
kind.
Columbus was by profession a sailor,
and his great maritime knowledge won
l'or him the c-vmnand of many ships.
During his nui> r.?us voyages he formed
nis purpose of sailing westward to find a
nearer wav to India. It was at the little
Spanish p?rt of Palos that Columbus
prepared the expedition for which Fer
dinand and Isabella had supplied the
means.
< If his Th.roe ships the Santa Maria,
the flagship of the little squadron, was
the largest, the Pinta and Nina being
I -v]
IjL?iMmi Dim
santa m Ai. i \.
of about equal size. Columbus chose
three small ships rather than one large
vessel, with the hope that ont of the
three one at least would weather the
Stormy passage, and lice To return.
They were designed and constructed
npon a niodel of the old type of craft
known as the caravel, which included in
its class all vessels from 50 to li)0 tens,
with or without decks.
The Santa Maria was no larger than
the little schooners engaged in fishing
on th: < ??va.r Banks, or at Mint renal in
tonnage to the stanch pilot boats which
cruise along our eoasi in all weathers.
Tins vess? ! upon which Columbus sailed
was eight y-tivc feet long. rwenty-forir
feet wide and drew f :ght f> ; i f water.
Her ''' as made very i'.at. in order
thai sh mig :t h run upon rhe bore or
sandy Leach without undue strain to
her ii:n: -rs. ?ererretue v.ia; was at !
the water line \vht-r< the hui] balg?-sou? !
several feet heyiond il ? ::\ ;> .' -tare j
at the ^'J"" '''n:l ' ' ''hng ;
of the sailor, is rarely sc< n in ships of :
modem design and construction, ai
though this build can :> seen in a modi
fied degree in many Of rhe old frigates ]
now relegated io>*t>rdi::ar.y"i-n ournavy
yards. Ancient shipbuilders : : ? ? i that
bulging out the sides of a vessel pr-' j
vente?! h?-r rolling in :i heavy s?i. an 1
accordingly h?-r decks wouid not be *-\- ;
posed to to the sweep of heavy surges
breaking close aboard.
Tie' Santa Maria had but one deck, i
At the l-'\v was a house called the fore
castle, in which the petty eiScers slept
and ;:!: ;i p;irt -f the crew. Across the
s:- ;-:: ? f th?.- .-:;:t? w::s a ;-e?.n.? ?i,j
call, d :h r,ft?>r c-asrle, ab.,v... which ran !
<!. -k. A -:: :.!! v/at-h V-.w-r \v;x> ere<-te?l j
on ?'.a- :--.p !!. : ; r.s ih.c p..r? ?.f duty fur :
the of the watch. The admiral j
of tlio '! r '- ccupi-d the after cabin, lin; j
oi?c? rs of higli rank i? i:.^ pennitte?! to
share it with h?m. while r>-st <>f the i
cr? w w;js ?juarti red in "h:- 11?i ?ad in |
su<a; j-arto- of I he ship as wen- jjot mil- j
izr-i for stowing provisions and ballast. ;
The after ??art Lbfse ships towered
many feet above the crest of the wave. :
and when running before heavy follow
ing seas the deokhoiisvs were rarely ;
swept by them, no matter how severe I
rhe gale before which the >::ip was :
driven,
The Pinta and Nina, wster ships of
the squadron, wi re aix>ut s^'V^nty feet
i.i length, the Nina, tnwever, !>eing a
i::!-- s}j?:i')l?-r jp tonnatre than the Pinta.
These vessels vvf.-re liot decked fore and
aft like the Santa Maria, although each
had deckhouses, or castles, at the buw
and stern.
To.iay it would be a foolhardy venture
To dis]?atch vessels without decks on a
mission across a boisterous sea. Vet
these ships were coivstmcte*d so solidly
cf well seasoned oak ? planked
vis r \.
with fir ar;-l se/'are ' by h^ivy ir"-n l?ops,
- - - t - \ -. i t ; - * ; : ? : ? ? : i i - i e ; ; i ?. -.. r I : i - -1. -1 : i ? - r 11
iuririg 'ha; t'ng and vv.?try journey
V'-r t ' r : i j : ? ss At hintic.
< tSi acc.?um . f ;!,? ? -i:ipx ?-i:-:: built
il.;h al the .'!- a'. l l??\v it'ai'i-lii:?s.
a.'Ii mm - v..'i:i.l r.?f : ? 11 !? l:ik< ri n|>?n lb?'
U'cks w1k-;i '..ihn:: wirli a sfd?' wind.
j:<i j.. pr?;veni ?in- high stanchionn or
-Is were !!.> ? ? ! ::; th.e upper platiK
f ttf . 5'- wllie'l wr- lis of he:?VV
:mv w?-re i !. la.'ikine a n-mp-'jai \
?ulv.'ariv. a proved n 1 v?tv n<v
j-.-- iu : ' i-ia:: out ih.- uat. v In ihe
.i- - of ; i; v. ni."tll?*r >hips h' avv :na?>
! ! a larnis were -treirin-.l
'.f! !" pi v or frojii
a. : ir> ! * h 1 i s . i-i . ampin;:
' : four . en: i n-h a^o
i-ng tit
\ehib'
The Pinta and Nina were caravels,
but ringed exclusively with lateen sails.
The former, however, was partially
square rigged prior to failing, and t?i
latter w;i* simiktriy changed Iw'fore thc
fleet left ;!; Canaries, from Palos. Shin.'
in the 'lays of Columbus were supposed
to make headway through the water
only when the wind blow in a favorable
dir?cri?)n. The idea Of ta?-kit:- a-ain.-t
a hea l wind w?a entirely unknown to
the mariners of the past, not vriihstand
ingthe met that r-hips havet?een pro
pelled by sail power alone for thousands
Stacles and disadvantages we find in the
logbook t;f th?-Santa Maria ; i : ; 11 a speed
of seven knots an hour was hot an un
usual occurrence.
As it v.*as customary to employ oars
against contrary v h?ls, the crews <<f the
shins were necessarily larger in pro
portion to their si?e than in modern
ships. No less than 120 men were em
ployed to sail the ships of Columbus.
The officers were known as the patron
er captain, watchman or first mate, a
counselor or navigator, the master of
the deck, a scrilx; or secretary who wrote
tlx- ship's log, a steward and a surgeon.
The rigging consisted entirely of hemp.
Their anchor cables were hemp hawsers,
each following theohi rule of four times
the mainmast in length. Each ship was
Supplied with a boat called a launch,
which was always tvwev? astorn. Re
fractory sailors were punished by being
placed in the launch tor many days
upon short allowances and exposed to
the heat of the sun and heavy drenching
of tie' waves.
Although the compass was known to
the Arabs long before Columbus *nd
by tii?- Chinese as far back as the begin
ning of the Christian era. yet this in
strument was in itself not sufficient to
navigate a vessel over an unknown sea.
The quadrant, an instrument known to
Columbus as the astrolabe, was sup
plied ?" each ship; by its use in astro
nomical observations the ship's position
upon the high seas with respect to7 the
equator could be readily ascertained,
and also errors existing in tlie.c< ?mpasses
causing the ships to deviate from'their
true courses were found and the proper
adjustments accordingly made
Tims Columbus was able to embark
and Sail away with that f- eking of self
reliance which had won |r :i succc-*? i<n
alibis previous expeditious. The little
town ot Palos, then the greatest seaport
on the Mediterranean, never sent oat a
grander marne spectacle than when
Columbus embarked and w< ighed anchor
and stood boldly down the Rio Tixtoto
sea, followed closely in his wake by the
Pinta and Nina. The lavish golden
carvings which deorntod these ships,
the red and yellow standards of Spain,
the gay streamers Hearing in the breeze
from every mast and spar, these alto
gether presented to the cheering crowds
gathered on the wharves, housetops and
neighboring hills a picturesque sight.
It was indeed the er ?wiimg spectacle of
the reign f F rdinand and Isabella.
Lieut. R. ii. IIb; huotii, ['. S. 11. M.
A MEMORABLE ANNIVERSARY.
October 1"J Cn?tes fc'our Centurie.-' ??f
American Lift*.
October iC will have a prominent place
in history. It not only unites the four
centuries of American lift- that are clos
ing with the centuries that are before
us, but it will be made m< morabie by a
great nati ?nal cele't-ration. The signal
for this dt monstration will bo the dedi
cation of the World's Colutnl'ian expo
sition grounds in Chicago.
On that day our foremost American
institution?the public school?will be
the center of local celebrations in the
cities and towns from the Atlantic to the
Pacific.
By linking together all these local
celebrations a. parts of a systematic
national der;' vsrration the full signifi
cance "j" the ' . will he br< nght out:
The object for this movement f??r a
national celebration i<; not only to inn-r
est tite youth of the country in the
World's Ceitnul inn .-xposition. but als.)
to give to the Anmrican public school a
fitting prominence as the fruit of four
centuries ot American life.
Both the World's congress (commission
of the Columbian exposition and the
American superintendents of education
have rrquested that the public sciiools
of each ci'y and town lead in the local
celebration. These two bodies have also
appointed a joint executive committee
t<> ? hired fhe movement and to prepare n
uniform .and titling programme tor uni
versal use.
Every wideawake boy and girl in
land has read or will read the messagt
issued by the ("olnmbian publie school
celebration commission with keen inter
est. It F]xvaks a vi_ri r1"'::^ word to every
one of the sever.". 1 million pupils in our
public schools. Liow far the spirit of
this message is carried out depends upon
each individual boy and girl. We be
lieve they will respond to it promptly
and entlmsiastically; Th'-y arc too thor
oughly imbued with the true spirit of
American loyalty and patriotism to per
mit such an opportunity to b- lost.
They will enter int?! t he spirit -?f ibis im
jH?rtant event with characteristic Amer
ican energy and det>-nitinat!on.
U i- ;i?i inspiring thought thai on Oct.
12 ail th.- loyal sOns. and daughters ot
our l.-'.rnl wiil be united l e "ix c> -mmon
i.urt'ose of such loffv < >uc> -p: ; -n. We
believe thai the pupils m ?-Mir publie
intelligently patriotic as t'ho.f any
cit v or town in Am? riea. ! ><-n't wait.
pr-r-arat! -n. l,t tin- rebels ?. :;m at
once. T-.-u ii'.-r - and : < holars sitould
uetke co:sin:?'ii can.-*-.
THL SCHOOL. HOUSE FLAG:
It St ilStnhlJCS t h<- < Ii i 1.1 ren I 11 t ,HI?<1
I ' i . h ?. .1 . - l*.?t I t.-t ??!? .
Tliv< ot-;o;)/.-.l "S. h"< l li<'lise
m.>\ ? iti.-i.; ' !:..- l - .-ii ei i'.'" :n 'inniK'
the.g.r?-at*'r pari ! four y.-ars. In that
short toe.' the ' ..d w;i in e:i : m- i
sijtcg?:s?i??ti h.?- ferne im ii it. <cho..| afti i:
S. r ;. .. i 1:1 t. ? '.Vil :? ! ? ' t t U r i. i ; ; >-1. i ! . i : 1 < !
wh?? h :ir?- ?.-'' as y?-t nr?'Viov?! vit m > .i?
t'a.:, tlie tmif do.- not. s-< m ?.?t disian
v. li? e n" j-tibh? h""J sn;0? t<?,> }..' :
to., r.-tii-.n " .ml : If.-!, ni i. h.-ive th
star's.nr.-1 stripes e .ate- :iK.v. : < r?^?f
SntVi. >? tU nue- lias r?ass.-.- ;i . th.
ino\?-iii- nt : an m " n ; dvle
j,,d ;. ! :. ' ! . l: th<
tla-ra't ^..ite. - !
lias ]>\ > <> ' i u h.i ! a : ! m- in
ing 1<- th- eb -'..r : : b? :! sfl': :>?.: Up U
tlie bre:^- of )>:?ys and . ; ! l1 hOj.1
living to be Irnive ta. : and ::-' <! .voie. 1;
I fus it b. ..litt !.. ^ ! \?- v\ il e ?lie riivi
(!t> it of ii:" Uiittvotrs !r,.iii .-.i.i.-i.l .Or
iide-j it ?ro 1..V,- f--r < nr < < untre t - a syn,
? ; t he Mno\
;:.!; .ai a ti'-w
iaw and orde:
V i hcijlM ?V v...
?L fi !?
% 11 % w
TH? 8??TER WATCHMAN, Katabliahed April, 1S.S0.
Consolidated Au?. 2, ?S^I.
'Be Just and Fear no:
SUM TER
Le: ail t?i? Ends thou Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's "
1??Y. TKiK SOLTHKON, Kdtabl?shed June, II99
S. C.= WEDNESDAY, JUNE I, 1892.
New Seri?s?Vol. XL No. 44.
/p.
fei: -!??t( j
lira4*
become orderly and subject to whole
some discipline?
The writer has seen a large number of
letters from teachers throughout the
country*, over whose schools the flag has
l>een raised, which answered those very
' questions.
"The flag has come to mean some
thing." writes one teacher in Minnesota.
. "whereas before it was a meaningless
piece of cloth." "I can so-V writes
; another teacher from Miss>>uri. "quite a
change in the children's fe? lin::- toward
j the flag. Now -They seem to think that
it is their flag \:\ effect th-;t never
could have been ; rudnced by talking."
Many other teachers report a distinct
growth of real patriotism. In a school
in Maine, "almost every day after flag
raising one could hear the children
cheering the old flag."
Even the little children count the
."-tars in the blue held of their Hag, and
leant wha t they mean. The older pupils
ransack the books of the history of the
flag itself, and in so doing arcimpressed
with a new idea of its story and of its
relation to their own condition and priv
ileges.
In this way the school house flag;seen
so often and so constantly present in the
pupils' thou.^.its, has a marked influence,
as. several teachers'report, upon foreign
born ehiidr< a and the.childr? n of foreign
boni parent . One teacher from the
west writes:
were either bom in other countries or
are the chihiren of foreign bora parents
The elfect ..f the i';;^ upon my school :,.4.
beeil : I nmke every one of n:y pupils en
thusiastic Americans, if for any rea
son the flag is not raised for a day, they
clamor for its raising. No more enthu
siastic or patriotic set of children can bo
found in the Cnitcd States than those of
my school."
Those'children begin to feel for Ameri
ca the same patriotic devotion which
their fathers were taught from the
cradle to manhood.in : and in story,
to feel toward the la;: is from which
they came.
Tiie liag increases - he children's inter- j
est in the school, and this must react
npon conduct. Many teachers testify to
this. One in Connecticut says. "I notice
it is cosier to govern the children since
the flag was raise]."' Another in Massa
chusetts says. "Jt h:is l?een a grand step
in our school toward making brave,
manly l*?ys and xvoinauly girls."
It ln:s Tx%en prop* ?seil that the raising
of the flag be one of the exercises in all
the public school celebrations on Colum
bus I )ay. This arrangement will stim
ulate nil t he. schools which ha ve not yet
rais? d ;!;- !ors to.obtain a ti.-nr K'fOro
tha! date.
Th--"\- > conunittea :.f the na
i 1:1 oublie schot?! celebra
tions 1 Cohn
thai have mi
inj: that a-r
chairman hi - i >r. will ?.. :.iv a prat
lirai .?.:; : : >.: i- ; : ; man-rial aid n
l -t. p m annonnc
oj writing to their
how :. pr? :.
s*d).H.J in .Via
to be w;:b.?ui
this nu n orai
Not one public
a --u ; .'">. to allow Useif
.: ? v. s R ! n.v>i;
a,, t ... VJ I I " t.m-.
pi : v.-'il : ; " Ami yet
., - % ^.t>, ;, t. jess th""i
?.-iirVu ;T:e e:;ima-ie,? total expend
TiTi?V. \r: - rir.an - .:*>* justly entitled to
th.. : . w: is accord, i i-?
t.aeni. : a. home and abroad t hat oi
never deir. . anv:!;in:: by halves.
:'\Vhat s \vi i!i d.at all is worth
!oi?rg up particularly ie-va,." i- a IV r
to great ?-\p.^jti'.ns. gigantic feat of
imit? e; a,;-, the found:n-' of colleges.
ni h < I in a
iili red< >ni '
S.-.-i t: t ;
i arrivities an
n com, - back
?! pa
n t ire
; ?. .
1 h-1!.;
s Tli > T >. ' !' -
The |>ni-'
etltef ot a
Ti e i,]..., ;
M ( ! ton \ . .:|
fl t i V\
THE PUBLIC SCHOOL MAP.
The public school map puts the Amer
ican ??ducational system m a striking
form.
Thirteen million pupils arc now en
rolled in the public schools of the United
States?that is, there are more than
three times as many pupils as the entire
population of the United States in 1S00. ,
The entire population in 1 $30 was 12.866.
000; there is consequently a larger na
tion of children now in our free schools
than the whole nation of sixty years ago.
Those 13.COO.000 public school pupils
are one-fifth of our present population
of G?.000,000. There are something over
a million more in private and parochial
schools. Dut it is this nation of our free
school youth, this nation within the
nation, that will be controlling the re
public fifteen years front now. These
"children of the states," imbued with
our characteristic American .spirit, will
soon bo the leaders of the people who
are to solve the problems of the opening
years of the coming century.
One-fifth of our population in the pub
lic schools means that the American idea
is that childhood and youth shall enjoy
a sacred immunity from labor while the
preparation for life is going on. In all
our states the age when children can be [
employed for wages during the school :
te an is steadily creeping upward. The
time is not far off when one-fourth in- :
stead of one-fifth of its population will j
be-er.rolled in the schools. Ib-re is the
place for st . :.e legislation to make rapid
and sure str >' -. When the childr?, n of
i poor family are hired out for wages
there Emesan apparent relief to the
family: but child labor invariably re
ducesthe labor of adults. Raising the !
school a .re always operates to raise the
wages Of the men and women to whom
labor belongs. In the states not yet
awake to this the chihiren who ought to
be in school are with their little hands :
holding; down the general rate of adult j
wages. If fifteen were made the uni-:
versai school age, with strict penalties
for hiring a child under fifteen during
school hours, taillions of toiling ehii
clren would be added to the hop- fui na- :
tion of pupils now in the public schools.
Who are the instructors of this vast
democracy of youth? Three hundred
and lifty-two thousand teachers are em
ployed. One-third of them are men.
two-thirds are women; The men are
usually well trailed. The pro^n-rtion of
trained female teachers is increasing
year by year, as the normal sea-- is send
out their class-s. Nevertheless./scores
of thousands of :!:.-. e female t- scher*
are imiratnc :. v rty - r cent. < a.I : tie
female tenters t.aVfor only one tenu!
Think what that means. l:\ the rural
districts ot many states teaching is a
job" to which aim -st any girl may
turn. Careful examin?t! ?ns ot teachers
are not to be expected when the school
fund is so penurious that the cheapest
teachers are the only applicants.
The faults of the American pttblic
school system, however, are all on the
surface and can easily be remedied.
State superintendents and high, r edu
cators generally are giving to all t!v
weakn-sses discernible in our system
their careful atteint- n. They are de
termined that the new century shall
open upon an ducationn! plan? as near
ly without <! iects as progicssive energy
can make it.
The public school is our most distinc
tive American institution. It is this
same public school which, more than
rac-n ha* mad. the dineron ?? tt'tween
this republic and the republics of South
America. When th?- world gathers her
at our 4o0th .anniversary to > era: it:
our iife tliis. our pr?'U.iest mstir::ti?m
wili iH-p.iate.i ,.ut a> trie -clearest s
of American gr- aincss and enlighten
ment.
1; is a vrry Utting thing that ;h?? cvl
rbratmn of (Adumbiis i-ay, eVt. be
placed in the hands . i the ^American
ti ie; uiev. :ae!j.. and the ? duration in
pairioiism ar-as-.; h> ;:. the s.da?ols ?i
the republic have ! ; n ara-puc the srg
reti.-an..f their relation to the hfeof
ihenati. n. As our i::.- . ....no ,,f public
school pupils see cou.naitn -1 to m the
ceie.brati"U of Am-ricn's greatest anni
versary they will r? c, ive a new and in?
pui-hc lea.: rship winch devolves upon
me edu?-a;e.! America:*.
?;.].irt?Mt> I-..^iUilities.
h is. : 1; - : the null ?na!
con.-ep-.i.-n ? !' v.hai mmbus ray. i Vt.
!v, mav ne ma-: trial '.? tau-, s ou its
true character. The day itself, simply
as a way ?-f calling up the past and g*v
im; it bisroricrd mmhcin.-r. will be full
: f ..lon.g. but il will be tauch more
than this. The historical part of the
lei-rat ton i s not c?>nuTie?l to th.e mere
art ?f ;hc ?iisec.very ? ( Vnn-ri? a by
( -..?uu.Pus ?n rhe tsim: ??: < >ct. i?.
It is a dav that reaches back through
Vir cere nes of progress, and it in
, br s ! that America has passed
In 1 eaee~
How sball ? serve my ?aticTs* Tand?
There arc no battle* to be noa,
Nodeeds that heroes might bavedod^
No ii\ to give at her coinmaod.
Nay. r.one of these?but lives to Vivo,
Within, of ironie soul and pyre.
Without, of zeal and courage sure.
For all ii. .. - i that life can give.
And then to crown the finished epaa.
To honor country and her dead. \
Twcre meed enough that t; be Said
lie lived a true American.
M. A. Db Woutb Howk, Jm,
Our Ungodly Governor.
The following is-taken from the las!
i-=n*.' of the Christian Mefscrger, of
which RtV. S. M. luchardsoD is the
editor:
Here at feast
We shu:; he free, the ^Irnigbty bath do*
built
Here, for his *nvy will not d ivp n? bence;
Here '.vc jr>ny re:?n set.are. and in my choice,
To reign is worth ambition, though in bel';
Better to rritf:; hi hell, than s?*rTe in heareii!
Biit, wherefore, let wc theo oar faithful
f: ipr.ds,
T.ie :i??:ic:a;es and copartners of our lots.
Lie thm astonish'd on the oblivions pool.
And call ihem not to share with us tbrif
part,
In this unha jk mansion: rj once more
With ra?i'd s ms. to try what ijihv be jet
Rpc%i:i'c in ht-av n, or io?t in hell ?
io jjataa spake.
? Paradise Lost-Book.
The above pas^ge is similar io sen
timent to the preference said to bave
been expressed by Governor Tilhuao io
recent >peeehes in Greenville and Edge
field. We thick that it is greatly to be
dep! >red that the "farmers, T with wboin
our sympathies have been from the be
ginning, have not chosen a Coristain
man as their candidate. We have no
hope for the movement with a godlesi
man at the helm.
Perverted His Meaning.
He was 3 prominent and wealthy
merchant: she was a little bit of s
clerk who lived and thrived, and took
care of a little sister on a few dollars*
week, and was as bright and cheery
as if she had never a care in the
world, making her own sunshine ont
of the other side of the cloud. She
was saucy, t"o Nobody could crush
her with any grand airs, and she
hid a pathetic little way of putting
aside1 si.nhs and insults, as if ?-he did
5i >t see them. So all her eross^e
turned into crowns.
< k\e m e rtinir VV?*s 'ate. It was
littie sisei's fault entirely. She had
vvhat she called a tooth-ache y night,
and slept so peaci fully that morning
on h r b'g sister's an? that it made
her late The merchant himself saw
nor come in one hour behind time.
Sue was smiting and hurrying in, and
he stopped her. Pulling ont a gold
watch, he opened it, held it up before
her face without a wo?d, and waited
to sec the < fleet
"Isn't it lovely?" nhc said. "I nev*
er saw it before. Thank yon," and.
with a smile on lier face eiie tripped
away.
Von may call it what yon will, art
less in??cn??us!?ess or artful calculation,
but a more surprised man than the
hue keening merchant wan when she
lispi'Sed of !>h> reprimand it would be
tard to find.
Good I..>?>k-.
it ks ire tuore tiein >k;n deop.depend
- n ' ?> t e indit?un ?fall the viral of.
i: s. If r'ie Liver be inactive, ymi bare a
! .. 5,...-k. e ?"?r '.'nc:\ l-e di<tor?lere4
vo l'y-: '. k ?ii i if your Kidney*
i ! v ...no i ! ;:i?lni L-iofc. >?Clir?
is ? :1 Ii:ivc?<vt?] *?<kf. Elect rie
; :iit?-r;?:ive an?i T?nic art*
. :il rjr-it's. Care* Pimple?,
: _ \c i c?eur l?xb?n.
!>.?. :L?rug ."tore. 60?.
4
[V Wir $ Little Ear!?
natural, mo?t effective,
oma-al pill fer riilious
i u ivc !ivi-r. J. S.
horse? and all ani:nal$
v W >,>; ,<:.; > Sanitarv
r els. Sold by A. J.
hi nu Prugfiist. S unter, S. C.
; ; . pie et thequickest to r*vognizt
v; ..i ?hi c hu> !. We sell lots of
>'v P"ct " ' ! " * Karlr lti<fr>i Jf you
' ' iuhf !h'*se \ ?Iis w ill tn:tke tou so.
S Wufbson ? l*e.
Si h'se itnrj ?>mt?dy. A rnnrrplouscore
r r-iMnin : V ' -e C-iv\i-t mouth, and
, t ': -, i . w eh t.,iM> thrre is an in
, :.-.> < >--\\ h |r<-i??r tor the more successful
. .,. :\:..<r reap' ! in ?* without extra
t !. ? '> '. . Sei?: In A. J. China
?mt,u s. r. ' 3
Mr? i. !t Patton. Kockford, til, writpp:
!' . . i r??>na! ? xperience ! ?-an recommend
Wm < Snoi-p-trt?a. h ctire for impure
. : f?nd j:'-:iTHi o>bi ity." J. S. Hugbsoa
C?>.
Answer This Question.
Why do so many people vrp ?ec around n#
?: Mi> to po to fit ffei nnd t>?> m?de miserable
1 n l^t^tion. Constipation, Pizziness loss
\y\- >. Cmuiij: nv .> }). Kood. Y?-lloW
? hi : Tj hi will si'll th?*m Shilob'J
r.". itinrat?teed to cure ihem. Solu by
. ? Snmffr. S t\ 2
?mrm ' 1? - - -?
For Over Fifty Years.
r? Winslow's Se^tnieg Syrup has heett
> i iv tffthtng. !t soothes 'be
,.n.. i in c''1-?^. ai?ays all pain, curas
u i co ami thf he-t remrdy fof
i e : c . Twvi : \ -five c?*nts h bo! t \*.
XT vom .n ;< ;? a< tirr..
Or v n ?.tl w >m out. p u.x^i tornotb?
?iiK U ceneral det??it^ l ry
M..\"> f/fO.V /. ITT F flS.
Itvrill r..rc you. e1r;i:isi your liver, aud gift