The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, June 17, 1891, Image 4

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C j)* St??biMii at? ?w?hm WKPKTODAY, JTOB 17, 1891. A Cheap Money Experiment. The erste that possesses a large nu cu? ber of people, mainly farmers io the South and West, for "cheap money," and which finds political expression in tho organization of the Farmers* Alli? ance, is no new thing. Similar lona oies bare manifested themselves in near? ly every civilized country. The his? tory of one is practically the hL-t>ry of sH. Io the May Century is a careful account of the operations of. a Farmers' Alliance io the State of Rhode Island, which, obtaining coutrol of the Legisla? ture 100 years ago, with stubborn per? tinacity carried the cheap money expe? riment through every phase of coercive possibility to final and disastrous col? lapse. -The article in the May Century will not get into every farmer's hand; bat, with proper acknowledgment to that excellent publication, the Record faitea .tb? f opportunity to spread it abroad, and to suggest its publication in other journals having at heart the public welfare. The w:iter in the Cen? tury says: . At the close of the Revolutionary War the people of Rhode Island found themselves sn extreme poverty and heavily burdened with their share of the national debt. The war had seri? ously crippled their trade, upon which they were mainly depeodeut, and in their distress the people, instead of patiently waiting for relief to come by the slo7 process of rebuilding their trade, turned to paper money for relief. They began to clamor for a paper bank in 1785, and when petitions for such a bank were rejected by the General As? sembly, a sew party was organized with paper money as its chief principle They went before the Assembly again ia ?78?, and their petitions for & paper bank were met with conn ter-petitions against it signed by the merchants of Providence, and the project was defeat? ed again by a vote of two to one. They then carried the question into the elections, and won a surprising victory, gaining control of the General Assem? bly by a large majority. This body assembled io May, 1786, and oae of ita first acts was the passing of- a law establishing a paper-money bank of one hundred thousand pounds. Every farmer or merchant who came to bobrow money must pledge real estate for double the amount desired. The ?money was to be loaned to the people ?opon this pledge according to the appor? tionment of the last tax, and must be ?paid into the treasury of the end of four? teen years. Great expectations Were entertained by the farmers of the benefi .cent results which were to follow upon this new influx of wealth. "Many from all parts of the State," says J?cMa&cer, in a very interesting chap? ter upoo the subject in his ** History of the People of the United States," '"made baste to avail themselves of their .good fortune, and mortgaged fields ^strewn thick with stones and covered with cedars and stunted pines for su tus such as could not have been obtained Tor the richest pastures. They had, however, no sooner obtained the money .nd sought to make the first payment at the butcher's or the baker's than they found a heavy discount was taken from the face value." The depreciation the new money be ?gan literally with ks issue. Every mer? chant and tradesman in the State refused to receive it for its face value, and the 'holders of it - refuted to make any dis -opuoX . The General Assembly came to the aid of the bank, and sought to give its paper money full value by statutory enactment. A forcing act was passed subjecting any person who should refuse to take the bills io payment for goods on the same terms as specie, or should an any way discourage their circulation -on such ternas*, to a fine of one hundred pounds and to the los? of bis rigt.ts as a freeman. This made matters wcrse than ever. .Merchants sod trader? refused te make -any/ sales whatever, many of them closing their shops, disposing of their stock by barter, and going out of business In fact, money almost ceased to circulate at all. Nearly all kinds of business was transacted by barter, rents were paid io grain and other commodi? ties, and the only people who mel the p.-iper money were those who had bor? rowed it on their land The chief cities of the State, Providence and Newport, presented a very remarkable spectacle. Half their shops were closed, their in? habitant* id'e, and their streets ani? mated only by groups of angr^ 2nd con? tentious meu blaming one an v. her for the blight which, had fallen upon their business and industries.. In order to retaliate upon the merchants and traders for refusing to trie their money, the farmers refused to bring their pro ;dcee to market. A famine was so im? minent in Providence beoause of this withholding of supplies that a town meeting was called to d :vise m eat-s for obtaining the necessaries of life Tu ?provide immediate relief for persons tn want of bread five hundred dollars was authorized to be borrowed and sent abroad to buy corn to be sold or bar? tered by the town Council. In New? port a mob brought on a riot by at? tempting to force grain dealers to sell corn for paper money. In August, about two months after the establishment of the bank, affairs iecame so desperate that a State Con? vention controlled by the country towns adopted a report recommending the General assembly to enforce and amend the penal laws io favor of paper money, and advising farmers to withhold their jroduce from the opponents of the bank. The General Assembly, convened in special session for the purpose, passed an additional forcing act, which sus pended the usual forms of justice in regard to offenders against the bank, by requiring an imm?diat': trial, within three days after complaint was entered, without a jury and before a Court of which three Judges should constitute a quorum, whose decision should be final, and whose judgment should be instantly complied with on penalty of imprison? ment. The Soe for the first offense was tfixed at from six to thirty pounds, and for the second at from ten to fifty pounds. **Tnis moqstrous act of in? justice,' says S. G. Arnold, in his "History of the State of Knode Island." "was carried through the Legislature ?by a large majority, and the solem pro? test against it as a violation of every principal of moral and civil rigbt, of the charter, of the articles of confedera? tion, of treacy ob'igations, and of e^ery idea of hoior or honesty entertained among met'/' wi ich a minority of the member? presented, was not allowed to appear on the record 'J bb second forcing act brought matters to a crisis. A butcher in Newport was brought into the Superior Court on the charge of refusing to receive . paper money at par io payment for meat. ? great concourse of spectators attended the tria!, which was before a full bench of five judges. Leading lawyers ap? peared for both sides, and their argu? ments occupied an entire day. Two of the judges spoke against the forcing acts, and the other three were of the same mind. OQ the following morning the formal decision of the Court was announced, declaring the acts uncon? stitutional and. void, and dismissing the complaint. The wrath of the General Assembly at this decision was great. A special session was at once convened, and the judges were summoned, in language of incredible arrogance, to appear before the Assembly to assign the **reasons and grounds" for their decision. Three of the judges obeyed the summons, bat a, the other two were detained by dick ? ess the hearing was postponed till the next session. At the next session four of the offend? ing judges were removed. Before adjourning the General Assembly pre? pared a new act to "stimulate and give efficacy to thc paper bills " This waa called the Test act, and it contained one of the most remarkable oaths ever pre? scribed to a free people. Every one taking the oath bound himself io the most solem manner to do his utmost to support the paper bank and to take its mouey st par. AU persons refusing to take the oath were disfranchised. Ship captains were forbidden to enter or to go out of ports of the State, lawyers were not to be allowed to practice, men were not. to be allowed to vote, politi? cians were not to he allowed to run for office, and members of the Legislature were not to be allowed to take their seats uutil thc oaths had been taken This was so tringent a measure that the General Assembly was afraid to take the responsibility of enacting, and, after considering it, referred it to the people of the towns for approval. Only three towns in the State voted in its favor, and the others rejected it. This ended all efforts to fore? the peo? ple to take the money at par in ordinary .business transactions. The General Assembly, iu January, 1787, formally repealed thc forciog ac's, and then took the first stop towards the repudiation of the State debt by ordering the Treas? urer to pay off one-fourth of it in the bills received for taxes, that is io the j depreciated paper mouey, which, at I that time, was circulating on the basis of six to one. By successive steps of this and similar kinds the entire State debt was extinguished, public creditors being forced to . take it on terms pre j scribed by the State, or to forfeit their claims. The last installment of the debt was got rid of io 17S9, in a'forced i settlement, when the paper money which the helpless creditors received was worth on?y one-twelfth as much as coin. During 1787, when the value of the paper money ranged from one-sixth to one-tenth that ot coin, bills in equity for the redemption of mortgaged estates were filed in large numbers in the Courts. The Superior Court of New? port de?liced to try any case in which a large sum was iuvolved. Suitors came to Court with paper mooey in handkerchiefs, bags aud pillow-case?, asking to have, the holders of their mortgages forced to take this at par in redemption of their lands. One bag, coutaiuiug ?14,000, was brought for the redemption of a single farm. But the Court refused to try all cases of the kiud. The value of the paper money dropped steadily till fii'teeu piper dol? lars were worth only one coin dollar. In August, 178'J, the General Assem? bly showed its first sign of returning reason by suspending tbe operation of the tender law. lt followed this by repealing the statute of limitations, because of the depreciation in the value of paper- money, and by extending the time allowed for the redemption of mortgages from five to twelve years. Finally, ia October, it repealed as much of the Paper Bank act as made the bills a tender at par, and debtors were authorized to substitute property, at an appraised value, for money in dis? charge of dttbt. Tbe act which effeoted the repeal fixed the value of the paper bills at fifteen to one. This was the end. Throughout this entire struggle to make mooey valuable by statute, by calling it a dollar and saying that it represented two dollars'wor.u of laud, the bills had remained almost exclusive I ly in the hands of their first takers. No one else was found who would receive the mouey, save those whom the State co?npelled to take it or to for? feit their just claims. Absolutely nobody was benefited by the experiment except the State which bad got rid of a large portion of its debt by dishonestly refusing to keep its obligations In? dustry and trade of all kiuds, as well as the Skate's good natue, had suffered incalculable injury, and the State's material progress bad been rc?ardod so seriously tuat it rt quired many years to regain what had been lost. The deluded people who borrowed of the bank on their land as collateral real z-d their desire of bavins more money m their pockets; they realised the dream cherished by the believers in '"cheap money" in all lands and in all times, for a larger per capita currency iu which they should nhare, but they very 6oon found out that r:one of the blessi- gs which they had so fondly ita agiued would follow possession were destined to appear. What was gained by having plenty of money if it could not be used in payment of debt*, if nothing could be b?>ught with it save at greatly advanced prices, and if it \ve:e to become less aud less valuable as time went ou V They began- their experiment with a firm belief that they could compel capi? talist-to share their wealth with them by exchanging their hated dear money with their own cheap money on rqial tel ms, but they soon discovered that all i the power of a S;ate Government, ex? erted with unscrupulous z<'al, was not J sufficient to.-eon* pel a man to employ his ! capital \\\ way<- ag:nn-t his will They might prevent !;:::: from collecting u-ury. bus th**v could not interfere wirb bim when ba eh se to keep bis capital j to himself and to make no use of ir iu j trade, either by buying, or seiliug, cr lending Every 4 cheap tunney"exper j i ment that has ever been made has re- i suited in precisely the same demonstra- ? tion, and the same fate awaits all those of the future. Whf>n Baby was Pick, we gave h?r f Y.storia. | When she was a Child, she criad for Castoria. When she became Miss, she clung lo Cartoria. j When she had Children, she gave thens Castoria : j IF YOUR BACK ACHES, Or you are all worn out, really good for nota incr, it is general debility. Try BROH'X'S IRON R1TTER8. It will cure you, cleanse your liver, and glY? a good appetite. CHARLESTON, SUMTER AND NORTHERN RAILROAD. IN EFFECT MAY 31, .1891. North. MAIN LINE. North. South. 5 3 1 2 4 6 P M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P M. 500 6 50 Charleston 11 05 9 30 9 30 6 30 9 40 8 10 Pregnalls 9 25 8 20 6 00 6 39 9 51 8 19 Harleyville 9 13 8 ll 5 49 6 53 10 07 8 33 Pecks 8 54 7 57 5 32 6 56 10 11 8 35 Holly Hill { 8 50 7 55 5 27 7 02 10 17 8 40 Connors I 8 40 7 50 5 22 7 09 11 45 8 47 Eutawville 8 30 7 43 5 18 7 20 12 01 8 58 Vanees 8 17 7 32 5 00 P.M. P.M. 9 14 Merriam A.M. 7 16 P.M. 9 25 St. Paul 7 05 9 31 Summerton 6 59 9 40 Silver 6 50 9 48 Packs ville 6 42 9 59 Tindal 6 31 10 18 Sumter 6 12 10 31 Oswego 5 56 10 49 St. Charles 5 41 10 59 Elliotts . 5 31 11 16 Lamar 5 14 11 32 Syracuse 4 58 11 50 Darlington 4 40 A. M. P. M. HARLIN CITY BRANCH. North. South. 33 P. M. 7 35 7 55 8 15 31 P. M. 12 30 12 33 12 43 Vanees Snells Pa Hers 32 A. M. 8 15 7 52 7 42 34 P M. 4 55 4 32 4 22 8 35 1 05 Harlin City 7 20 4 00 POND BLUFF BRANCH. North. Sooth. 29 27 28 A. M. A. M. A. M. 9 00 10 40 Eutawville ll 30 9 13 10 52 Belvidere ll 15 9 25 ll 05 Ferguson ll 00 Trains 2 and 3 will run between Eatawville and Pregnalls on Mondays and Saturdays only, but will run between Eutawville and Vanees daily except Sunday. Train No. 29 will ruo on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays. Train No. 27 will run on Mondays and Saturdays. Trains 5 and 6 run on Mondays and Satur* day s only. Trains I and 4 have through cars between Charleston and Darlington and run daily ; other trains daily except Sunday. Merriam, Snells and Belvidere are flag sta? tions. J. H. AVERILL, General Manager. Atlantic Coast Line WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA AND AUGUSTA R. R. CONDENSED SCHEDULE. TRAINS GOING SOUTH. Dated May 31. 1891. |N<?. 23|Nv. 27| L'vo Wilmington.. Leave Marion-...*.. Arrive Florence..-. Leave Florence. Ar've Sumter... Leave Sumter. Ar've Columbia. P. M. ? 6 2? 9 35 10 KO No. 50 A. M 3 20 4 35 4 35 6 15 P. M *!0 10 12 40 1 20 .A M No 52 *i 57 10 05 A. M. No. 58 f8 00 9 10 9 10 10 25 See notes i ?r additional trains. No. 52 runs through from Charleston via Central R tl. Leaving Lanes 7:45 A. M., Manning 8:21 A.M. Train on C. <t D. R. R. connects at Florence with No. 58. TR UNS GOING NORTH. I No. 5l|No. 53|No. 59 Leave Columbia.... Ar've Sumter. Leave Sumter.. Arrive Florence. LOR ve Flareace... Leave Marion. Arr. Wilmington. P M ?10 45 12 04 12 04 1 A No. 4 5 8 P M * 9 On 10 07 P M * 5 35 7 00 7 00 8 15 No 14 8 50 9 3* 12 20 See note!? for addiMonal trains. In addition t<? ah ?ve. fr-?n No. 49 leaves Co ium'oi-t 7 a. m. daily rxrfpt Sunday, arriving Sumter 8:20. Train 4S leaves Sumter, 8 35 p. m.. daily except Sunday, arriving Columbia 1U 00 p. m. * Daily, f Daily except Sunday. No. 53 runs throagh to Charlerton, S C., via Central R. R , arriving Manning 10:39 P. M., Lanes 11:1? P. M., Charlonton 12.5? A M. No. 59 connects at Florence with C. and D. train from Cheraw and Wndeshoro. Nos* 78 and 14 n>ake elope connection at Wilmington with W. ? W. R. R. for all point? North. Train on Florence R R. leaves Pee Dee daily except Sunday 4 10 P. M.,arrive Rowland 7*00 P.M. Returning lea VA Rowland 6 30 A.M., arrive Pee Dee 8.50 A.M. Train on Manchester t Augusta R. R. leave Sumter daily except Sanday, 10:50 A. M.. ar? rive Ritaini 11.59 Returning leire Rimini 12:30, P. M.. arriv? Sumter 1:40 P. M JOHN F. DIVINE, General Sap't. J. R. KEN LY, Assistant ?en'l Manager. T. M. EMERSON. Ge?. Passenger Ag't. Atlantic Coast Line. SSL NORTH-EASTERN R. R. OF S. C. CONDENSED SCHEDULE, TRAINS GOING SOUTH. Dated May31,'9l! ! Le Florence. " Kingstree. Ar. Lanes... Le. Lanes... Ar. Cha's'n. 1NO.271NO.23|NO. 53 A. M l *1 35 2 50| 2 50' 5 00 A. M. A. M *8 05 9 18 9 40 P M \) 40*11 20 ll 35 A. M. 12 50 A. M. Train on C. & D. R. R. eouuecis at Flor? ence with No 23 Train. _TRAINS GOING NORTH _ ~1"N?~ ?8|No7T4) ~ A. M j Pi. M.j Le Cha's'n * i 15 *? 16. Ar. Lanes.. 3 00 7 05 ., Le Lanes.. 3 00 7 05;. " Kb-g8tree 3 20 7 24.. Ar Florence 4 30j 8 3u. A. M.I P. M I. 1^52 ~ ?7.\T *ti 15 7 42 A M * Daily, t Daily fXcrjit Sunday. No. 52 runs through to Columbia via Central R R. of S. C. Nos. 78 and 14 run solid to Wilmington, N. C., making close connection with W. & W. R. R for all points north. J. R. KEN LY, J. F. DIVINE, Ass't Gen'l Manaeer. Gen'l Sup't. T. M. EMERSON. Grn'l Pass. Agent. CHARLESTON & SAVANNAH RAILWAY. Schedule in eff?ct May 10. 1891. Time at Charleston, 75th Meridian. Time South of Charleston, 90th Meridian. SOUTHWARD. 3'? 17 27 P. M. P. M. A. M. Lv. Charlton 2 55 4 30 4 00 Arv: Walleroo' 5 10 7 30 Arv. Wmaasfp 4 24 5 04 Arv. Savannah G 22 6 44 NORTHWARD. 34 14 16 18 A M. A M. P.M. A.M. Lv. Savn'h 6 55 12 1;H Lv IValt'ho 7 30 2 25 5 00 Lv. Yetu'see 8 45 2 11 3 25 P. M. Av.Ch'lst'n 12 10 5 06 C 50 10 45 15 A. M. 8 10 1') 30 9 28 11 55 78 P. M 8.10 9 55 A M. 12 56 All Trains run daily. Train? 15, 35, 36, 16, 17 18 and stop at all stations ('<iprip( t"rnn for Waltprrmro made by ?rains 15, 35 and 17. daily except S'inday. Connec? tion tor Beaufort. S. C. made with P P. A A. Ry., at Yunassee hy train 15 daily except Sunday and train 35 d*ilv. E P McSWTNEY, C. S OAI).SI>KN. G. P. A. ?upt South Carolina Railway Co, D. H. CHAMBERLAIN, IcscsnrsB. .Ilm.*, gSl Commencing May 31st, 1891, at 2 55 p. m., Eastern Time, trains will run as follows : MAIN LINS TO AUGUSTA. WEST-DAILY. A.M. P.M. Leave Charleston, 6 50 6.00 " Summerville, 7 29 6.42 " Pregnall's 8.05 7.17 " Branchville, 9 00 8.05 Arrive Augusta, 11.50 11.15 MAIN LINE AUGUSTA TO CHARLESTON. BAST-DAILY. A. M. P. M. Leave Augusta, 8.00 4.30 *? Branchville, 10 59 7-45 " Pregnall's, -1 45 8 19 " Summerville, 12.26 8.53 P.M. Arrive Charleston, 1.15 9 30 MAIN LINE AND COLUMBIA DIVISION. DAILY. A. M. A. M. P. M. Leave Charleston, 5 30 6.40 5 00 " Pregnall's, 6.42 7.34 6 29 " Branchville, 7.30 8 05 7.13 Arrive Columbia, 9 45 10.00 10.05 " Camden. 10.55 10.55 COLUMBIA DIVISION AND MAIN LINE BAST-DAILY. A.M. P.M. Leave Camden, 5.00 " Columbia, 6.50 5.35 " Branchville, 8 55 7.45 " Pregnall's, 9.38 8.19 Arrive Charleston, 11 08 9.35 Connections at Pregnall's to and from C. S. & N. R. R., with through coach between Charleston and Harlin City. Connections on train leaving Pregnall's for Charleston a'. 8.24 p. m., and leaving Charleston for Preg? nall's at 6.50 A. M. Connections at Augustn for all points in Georgia and the West and a; Columbia for North and West. THROUGH TRAIN SERVICE. Augusta Division-Through Train3 be? tween Charleston and Augusta, both direc? tions, Through Sleepers between Charlestor and Atlanta, leaving Charleston at 6.00 p.m. arriving ia Atlanta at 6 30 A. M , and leav? ing Atlanta at 11.15 P. M.-arriving ir; Charleston 1.15 Pl M. Sleepers between Au? gusta and Macon connecting with sametrainti daily. Also with steamers for New York and" florida jon Mondays, Wednesdays ace Fridays. Columbia Division-Through Trains be? tween Charleston and Columbia, both direc? tions. COLUMBIA, NEWBERRY & LAURENS RY. WK8T-DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY. A.M. P.M. Leave Columbia, 8.50 5 35 " Little Mountain, 11.25 6 58 " SHghs, 11 35 7 02 " Prosperity, 11.55 7.1ft Arrive Newberry, 12 25 7 25 Arrive Clinton^ 2 10 8.40 BAST-DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY. Freight. AM. P.M. Leave Clinton, 7.00 2 25 Leave Newberry, 8.00 4 10 " Prosperity, 8 16 4.45 " Slighs, 8 33 5 10 " Little Mountain, 8.41 5.30 Arrive Columbia, 9.43 7.50 Sunday Accom'n.-West-Leave Coltimhi* 3 30 p. m., fy-ttle Mountain 5.00, Sliuhs 5.06, Prosperity 5 23, arrive Newberry 5.45 p. m. Arrive Clinton, 6 45. East-Leave Ciintot 7.00 a. m., Newberry 8.00 p. m., Prosperity 8.20, Slighs 8 37, Little Mountain, 8.43, ar? rive Columbia !0 00 a. m. S. B. PICKENS, C. M. WARD, Gen'l Pas3. Agent Gen'l Manger. MOOft.OO ? Tfii 15 !>cinp made by J^hn R Goodwin,Troy.N.Y.,nt work for u?. header, ypn tuny n-?t nihke.es mach, but ?? cnn ???cb y?u quickly bow to cum ?'ivm ? j lo tlii a "day at th? ?tart, and ?nore us you po on. linth ?rxes, u!l apes. Iii any jinn of ?America, you can commence at home, piv infr all your tinv.ur ?pare momenta only to the work. All is new. Great pay SULK for overy worker. We ?tart you. fumishin ?r everything. EASILY, SPEEDILY learned. PAKTICULAICS FREE. Address at once, S??.VsO.N it CO., I OKTLA.MJ, BAlM*. ?. F. W. MORIRE Agent? -DEALER IN DRUGS i KHOSH TOILET SOAPS, PERFUMERY A:;D ALL KINDS OF Druggist's Sundries USUALLY KEPT IN A FIRST-CLASS DRUG STORE. Tobacco, Snuff and Segars, GARDEN SEEDS, &C., -ALSO Paints, Oils, Varnishes, ?LASS, PUTTY, Ac. -AND DYE STUFFS. Physician's Prescriptions carefully compounded, and orders answered with care and dispatch. The public will find my stock of Medicines complete, warranted genu? ine, and of the best quality. Call and see for yourselves. BOARDING. MRS, M. A. EPPERSON is prepared to entertaio boarders, both regular and transient, with first class accom? modations. TABLE SUPPLIED WITH THE BEST. Liberty Street, near St. Joseph's Academy Feb. 25-3m. Sumter, S. C. Listen to plain facts about the Kabo corset. You can't break the bones-for one thing. If you do, within a year, you'll have your money back. Soft eye lets-that7s another thine that can't be had with other cor? sets. And hear how it's sold: if you're not satisfied, after a few weeks' wear, you can return it and get your money. J.RYTTENBERG & SONS. ?nt?s little forttinonlwrebejii marle&t work fur un. tv Aims Pag*. Aumin, WILDON & SPAWN 3 INSURANCE AGENTS, 'SUMTER, S. C. Representing some of the best Fire Insurance Companies doing business in the United States, for Sumter, Clarendon and Williamsburg Counties, we beg to solicit a sharo of the patronage of our friends in these counties. FRANK N. WILSON", Manning. J. M. SPANN, Sumter, S. C. July 10-i ?F. O13E3C X City Drug Store? DEALER IN * Drugs and Medicines, Soaps, Perfamsry3 Hair Brushes Tooth brushes. Tooth Powder, Also, Paints, Oils, Glass, Puffy, Floor Stains, Kalsoutine, all colors for rooms. Ar ri H us' Paiuttj and Brushes, Luster Paints, Convex Glasses. Nice line of Hanging and Stand Lamps., Lanterns, Shades, Wicks, Chimneys, &c. TOBACCO AND CIGARS. Keep the following popular brand of Cigars : 1 Plumb Good," "Custom House," "Rebel Girl." June 4 FRESH GARDEN SEED. Prescripiions'carefull.v compounded. HEADQUARTERS FOR WATCHES. JAMES ALLAN & CO. Diamonds, Jewelry, Silverware, Specta? cles, Drawing Instruments THE FINEST STOCK IN THE STATE. RELIABLE GOODS AT REASONABLE PRICES Watch Repairing a specialty. Ch;< f Inspectors of Watches for South Caro ina Railway, Atlantic Coast Line and Sinthern Division of Three Cs Rail Road. Feb. 8 JAMES ALLAN & CO., 285 Kine St., Siirn of Drum Clock. Charleston, S. C. CAR LOAD OF Yim: DB?VDG HOUSES. TWO CAR LOADS GOOD MULES. One Car Load Old Hickory Wagons. CELEBRATED SPIRAL SPRING CORTLANJ CARTS. Also, a few of the PARRY CARTS. All kinds of CARRIAGES, Surrys, Buggies and Phaetons. ^ HARNESS. A few hundred bushels of r a- -^Es??iBli ti ve Red Rust Proof Oats. WM. M. GRAHAM. December 2 I AM AGEN! For the following well-known and reliable FIEE Insurance Companies And solicit a share of the FIRE INSURANCE BUSINESS Our rates are as low and om policies as liberal as any firsi class Insurance Companies. THE QUEEN, of Engfcnd THE NORWICH UNION, of England THE NIAGARA, of New York THE CONTINENTAL, of New York, THE NORTH AMERICAN, of Philadelphia. THE GIRARD, of Philadelphia. THE MERCHANTS, of Newark, N. J, ALTAMONT MOSES, I STILL CONTINUE To keep a first class stock of GENERAL MERCHANDISE. -THE BARGAINS are too numerous to enumerate. I invite the attention of close buyers who desire first class goods. Call'special attention?to our Butter and Teas. ALTAMONT MOSES. Feb 12. We have received our fall stock of Dry Cw-o?d?5 Notions, Clothing, SHOES AND HATS, and are nrepared to offer spe? cial inducements to buyers. Our line of DRY GOODS have never been as large and complete as this season. Our line of plain and figured Wors? teds and Flannels are very neat aud are offered at ROCK BOTTOM PRICES. Let us show you before buy? ing and we will sell you, that is, if prices and quality are any inducement. We have an immense line ot Gents' and Ladies' UNDERVESTS, ranging in price from 20c. to ?1.25 each. Our shirts for men at 50c. will equal if not surpass anything on the market at 65c. In our SHOE STOCK we have many bargains in men's women's and children's shoes. Our leader for ladies' at $1.75, and men for $2.00 can't be duplicated within 25 to 50c. per pair. We can save you from ?1.00 to $2.50 a suit on CLOTHING if you will give us the oppor? tunity. All we ask is for you to look through our stock and get our prices. In PLAIN AND FANCY GROCERIES we are the leaders. We sell nothing if not of the first qual? ity and our prices are the lowest. Our stock is fresh and well selected. We have every kind of canned Meats, Vcge-1 tables and fruits, all fresh goods of this seasons' pack. We give special prices on can goods by the dozen. You will find our saleem pleasant and attentive to all customers-perfect? ly willing to show goods at all limos. All goods delivered to any part of the city promptly and free of charge. Full j weight Guaranteed. Kingmill] & Co October 1 DONE BY ELECTRICITY -AT G. 0. REI Next door to T. C. Scaffe. Jao 1 WILLIAM ???HlB?\ Fashionable Barber. MAIN STREET, Next door to Earle & Purdy's Law Office. SUMTER, 3. C. ?DESIRE TO INFORM the citizens o? Sumter anti vicinity that i have opened business on my own account at the above old stand, and that with competent and polite assistants, I will be pleased to serve them ia any branch of my business in the best style of the art. * Give me a cal! Wai. KENNEDY. Oct ?9. R. Wheelwright and Blacksmith SUMTER, S. C. IAM PREPARED TO REPAIR AND Rebuild, as well as to build outright, ali kinds of Vehicles. HORSE-SBOSING A SPECIALTY. Also repair all parts of broken Machinery. ? Keep on hand a stock of Check and Globe '> Valves and Fittings. Also keep Pumps on i band and put them down. j handle the SMITH'S SOS S IMPROVED GUT, j which is as good as- any on the market, and J gives entire satisfaction. A og 21 AU kinda of MACHINE WORK REPAIRS can be had in Sumter, at short notice, and ir. the rery best class of work, at the shop re? cently opened hy the undersigned ou Liberty Street, bear the C. S. ? N. Depot. Boilers Patched, and Kill and Grin Work a Special:? Prompt attention given lu ?rfc in trie ; country, and first class workmen sent to at? tend to same. Call at the shop or address through Sumter Post office Aug 13 EDGAR SKINNER. um lo % ^?s^i ^ BOYS W. L. bOIICLAS H B E?? aC(1 ?ther special ?F%\ fc * F0 tics for Gentlemen, ; ?wji Vi? ? fa Ladies.etc^arexvar- j rani ^d, and so stamped on bottom. Ackiress W. Li. DOUGJLAS, iirockioix, 3Ias?. ?old by | FOR SALE LY J. Eyttenberg & Sons, Agents, Jan. 1 SUMTER, S. C. ; late oHOw -KS"*Ask fer catalogue. TERRY M'F'G CO., NASHVILLE. TSNN. STIEFF PIANOS. THE ARTISTS FAVORITE. [UNSURPASSED IN TOUCH, TONE, workmanship and durability. Palace Urgans, a stiictly fir t class instrument at exceedingly low prces. Don't purchase be? fore seeing our catalogues a id prices. JOHN A. HOLLAND, Ninety Six, S.C. Please say where you saw this advertise? ment. March 25 CONSUMPTION ! COUGH OR COLD EROKCHmS SCROFULA Throat Af ection Wasting cf Flesh Or any Disease rehire the Throat and Lunga are Inflamed, Lack of Strength or Xerc? Peuxr, you cc* be relieved and Cured by PURE COD LIVER OIL With Hypopiiosphites. PALATABLE AS MILK, Ask for Scott's Emu7 sion, and let no ex? planation, or solicitation induce you to moeept a substitute. Sold by all Druggists, SCOTT & BOW NE, Che mists, N.Y? FOUTZ'S HORSE AND CATTLE POWDERS Sh 4Jk_ . - , i^S No H>K.-Z will ilia ('nur. ROTS or Lrxc I"" VVK, :; l'ontt's I'owdi .-s are i:.-?.'<i in . .?m/V P.-w'-r?? i!!<:.|..: ;>>vwni HonOioTjrCA Kontzs Pon ".TS W?H ?pr?JV*?lti?Ai'K> IN" Ki AV I.S. KoutzV !'.>v\f. rs will increase,thc quantity ol BiilK and cream twenty cehw'ani) make-tke bntternrni ?nfl swe Ki ? 11/'-. Powders will cure <>r pr?-vcni almost EVER? JIMJM. to which llor?is:uii1 ' rruleare subject. Kotrre's l'owi? >.> wru UIVK SATI?FACTIOX. ?old i \ i... .vt.i re. DAVID Xl. FOUTZ. Proprietor rjAL?iaroxtE. ?XP. i? uftM . VERY OLD AND PURE CO ii W 5il? KE?r9 Especially aged for medicinal use. MEDICATED BLACK BERRY BRANDY. Imported Port Wine, a preventative tor Spring ard Summer complaints. Call early, secure bot? tle and convince yourself. Try Straus:-' Electric, tho host 5 cent. Segar in the ?State. Very respectfully, L STRAUSS, Proprietor. TAI VCK SALOON.. SUMTER, S. C. JuUw j. BEST AND CHEAPEST. ALL GOODS GUARANTEED. Estimatesfanrished by return Mai!. LARGE SfCCK. PROMPT SHIPMENTS, ?i?. i mn ? ?a, MANUFACTURERS OF AND WHOLE SALE DEALERS IN DOORS, MSB, BLINDS, MOULDING, -AND C-BNSEAL BUILDING MATSBIAL OSceand Salesrooms, 10 and 12 HayneSt., CHARLESTON, S. C. Jan 25 O e. o. BBiiffl t BU, COLUMBIA, S. C. DOORS, SASH & BLINDS, LATHS, LIME, CEMENT, PLASTER, AND HAIR. taMAMcaiWMow Gloss, PAINTS, OILS AND TARNISHES, CARTER WHITE LEAD, The Best in the Market. Spectal Attention Given to Orders hy Mail. C. 0. BROWN & BRO,, Opposite Post Office, ? COLUMBIA, S. C. ^ Oct 5-0 ?il? Ri i ! ON, Fire Insurance Agency, ESTABLISHED 18C6. Represent, among other Companies : LIVERPOOL H LONDON & GLOBS. NORTH BRITISH & MERCANTILE. HOME, of New York. UNDERWRITERS7 AGENCY, N. Y. LANCASTER INSURANCE CO. Capita! represented, $75,000,000. Feb. 12 ?TERS, WHOLESALE And Liquor Dealer. OFFICE AND-SALESROOM: 133 East Eay, Charleston, S. C, Nov. 7 o _ GD. f. STEFFENS & SON, Established 1347. WHOLESALE GBOCEBS, Auction and Commission Merchants and Liquor Bsak-rs. ASKNTS F03 The Philip Best Brewing Co.. Milwaukee Beer, and the "B<>st" Tonie, a concentrated liquid extract of Milt and flops The Palest Brewing Co , Milwaukee Beer. 197 EAST BAY AND 50 AX;> 52 STAT? Sw., (Anction Roun? St??e Street,) CHARLESTON. S. C. Consign men is Solicited. Jan. 23. O FERTILIZERS! FERTILIZERS I FERTILIZERS ! Having bought largely, FCB GASH a fail as? sortment of, UD li Otll?r S? We are prepared to 6il orders for such at low figures and on reasonable terms. C. W?LBER3 k CO., \Vh>>l~Stl? G-orerf, 171 and 113 K?st BHV, Cn* Heston, S. C. Nov. 19. 0!.::::i:?-.i. uml ?ll l'A?KSl J?lS?^?.\S at tcn<?c<? to for MoDEllATE EEKS <>nr office is oni) >si:e tho ?-S. Patent of?ee. ?u*1 we can ot> t:i:n Patents n: 'rs? ti?u? titan lit?se r. mote from )VAS!IIX';70X. S*n?l MODEL /)7.M H'/.Vf? *?r PHOTO of invention. We advise a* to partent ?l)'.:!lv free of eb:irse a;:<? ?c ?>ake XO LllAii?B UXLESS PATKXT IS SE* t'UEJK For cir.-::': - . R.?viee, terms rcfclc?i?VS to actual .'clients in your own State, fount y. ?Hy pr ?uwii, writ? u> yggygg[?gigsif^yyspsi Opposite Paient Office, Washington, D C POI III ONLY! '^T^TSTl^^^^ LOST or FA2LIFG MANHOOD; |??JC^vWf?6eneral andNERVOUS DEB?lITYt KK%5'? ^ L : |Wes.kas sa of Body sod ?iad, Effect! PTI^TU Bill of Errors or Excesses ia Old or Young, Rot.u.t. A'obie SANKOOD ?"."-xerf-?. Bov tn?aUrn te? FtrenRthenWK.? K. IXIIEVELOPKD OKdAXSi PASTS OF RODT. Jbiolnt'W cnhllln? HOSE TREAT.IITXT-B*ti*IKa lo ft day. H?a t?*lif;r from ?0 Ptatra and Koreljra CflUEtrl?*?. Writ? them. I>i-'-r??it?>-> Kco?, explanation and pwft DmUrd facahd) fr*?* Attn?, S.S iE Ki?DICAt> CC.? BUFFALO, N. Y. To cure Biliousness, Sick Headache, Cons?? potion, Malaria, Liver Complaints, take the safe and certain remedy, SMITH'S 3 H r^ ? ^ t. ?B V**e the ?if A?vW/ Sit* (40 little Beal?to the bottle). THEY ASE THE MOST COSVKSIEXT. Swiin^le torr .-\IX Age*. F*-;<-e of dither size, per Bottle. t"?\.E Wolfer- H 8 ? ??w Mailol fori cts.<eopperaor?tan>r>?to i.r.Sr'.ITH&CO.?aicrsofBILEBEA>S,-$T.lSBIS MO. ? YEAR! ruiuIrrtaketohrtHif toclmuy Curly msotliirmt poison of ?-.ih<>c x'x.who Ma nutt HID! writ.-, and Hlu>a atti-r jii>irootton,wni work indostriou'ty^ :. .-.n -.i Tlir.-c Thousand hollar? \ :..;.-.>.!;? rf vrrtlWV liv* J will :iNofurn;>k thr .im i norrni] l< ym< ?' 1 ? ? - h j ???i-n: r.rc rbat amount. No nioui-y KWin:!n>4>nri i^sfiilBsalwire. Eu?ily unit quii-klr l.-nmcJ. 1 .!. ?ir?; b .: ?.:..? ?.. . :'.<. i non: o.;< h diMricI >T v-uniy. I ha\?- :. ' ?? .1 ? ?..>:.<.'.! irilb mi|>Inyi?mt a l?rp? nura fr, . ..utr . i n ?<.: re,? h. It-? >fKW" ami S*?l.t ?>. ' ri !. ::*:.rvKXti:i'. Addrjr?a at on?-*, E. C ALL EX. ?Sox 4?O, Au^uatu, -MIA Hi e. FIRST CUSS JOB WORK AT BOTTOM PRICES* WATCHMAN?TAROS m OFFICE