The watchman and southron. (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, January 07, 1891, Image 1
jTasSFWTKB WATCBMAK, ?rtablUh^d April, 1S50. "Be Just and Fear not-Let all the Ends thon Aims't at, be thy Country's, thy God's and Truth's " tsk true southxo>\ Kstabiiahed June, r <?*
ons#Mdated Aug.. 2, 1881.1 SUMTER, S. C, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 7, 1891. Sew Series-Yol. X. So. 23.
2*xL33Usie? 6Y6T7 Wednesday,
- - ~~ BY
N. Gr. OSTEEN,
S?MTER, S. C.
, - J TKRM8:
TwoJDoilajrs per annum?in advance.
^ ^ 1D7BSTIBBMIXTS.
_Qoe Squar^firai insertion.-$1 00
Rvery subsequent insertion.-. 50
Contracts for three months, or longer will
be -made at reduced rates.
AH communications which subserve private
?:ntcrests will becharged for as advertisements.
Obituaries and tributes of respect will be
charged for.
TflE SH0NPS NITfOML BASE,
OF S UMTER.
STATE, CITY AND COUNTY DEPOSI
TORY, SU MTJER, S. C.
Paid up Capital ... . . $75,000 00
Surplus Fund . ..... 7,500 00
Transact8 a General Banking Business.
Careful attention given to collections.
SAVINGS DEPARTMENT.
Deposits of $1 and upwards received. In
terest allo?r<*d ?t the rate of 4 per cent per
UttBm. Payable quarterly, on 6rst days of
- January. April, July and October.
R. M. WALLACE,
Vice President.
L. S. CaKsoir,
A eg. 7 " jC?shier. __
M? MI?.
SUMTER, S C.
C?TY AND COUNTY DEPOSITORY.
Transacts a g?n?ral Banking business.'
Also bfs
i Sar?igs Bank Department,
Deposits of $1.00 and upwards received.
Interest calculated at the rate of 4 per cent,
per annum, payable quarterly. ^
* W. F. B. HAYNSW?RTH,
A._Wairs, President.
Cashier. -
. Aug 21. ,_
Ks
-DKAL8R IN
Agent*
mm uraiciffl,
TSS.0" MAPS, W?MHY
AND ALL KINDS OF
Druggist's Sundries
DSD ALLY KEPT IS K FIRST-CLASS DR??
STORK.
Tofe&seo, Snuff and Segars,
QAlldM SEEDS,
-ALSO
Paints, Oils, Tarnishes,
QLASa PUTTY, Ac.
DYK STUFF.**.
*; - O -
?The public will find my stock of
Medicines complete, warranted gen u
"ioe, and of the best quality.
Cali and'fese for yourselves.
meoTT & sons'
ENGINES AND 80IURS,
GRIST MILLS
AND
SAW MILLS
are acknowledged to be the
best ever sold ia this State.
When you buy one of them you
are satisfied that you have made
no mistake.
Write for our prices.
Cotton Gins and Cotton
Presses at bottom figures. I
can save you money.
V. C. BADHAM,
General Agent, Columbia. S, C.
Home Office and Factory,
Richmond, Ya.
Jose 25.
H. A. HOYT,
Successor to
CL HOYT & BRO.
Gold and Silver Watches,
FINE DIAMONDS.
Clocks, Jewelry, Spectacles,
MKRIDEN BRITANIA SILVERWARE, &c.
REPAIRING A SPECIALTY.
Teb 1_- _
MACHINE SHOP.
All kinds of
MACHINE WORK REPAIRS
?an be had in Sumter, at short notice, and in
the very best class of work, at the shop re
cently o ned by the undersigned on Liberty
Street, near ibe C. S. & N. Depot.
Boilers Patched, and Mill and Gin
.Work a Specialty.
Prompt attention given to work in the
coydtry, and first class workmen sent to at
tend to same.
Call at the shop or address through Sumter
Post office
Aug 13 EDGAR SKINNER.
REAL ESTATE AGENCY.
TBS UNDERSIGNED has established a
Reai Estate and Collection Agency in
Sumter aod desires property bolders having
property for sale or rent to list same with j
him. Tenante secured and rents collected j
promptly. Best references giren. Office on!
JI*iG Street at T. B. Curtis' store.
Apr. 30. W. H. COMMANDER.
Ely's ?ream Balm
Clauses the TTasal Passages. Al
lays iiiflammaticn. Heals the Sores.
Restores the Senses of Taste, Smell
and Searing.
A particle is applied into each nostril and
Ss agreeable. Price 50c. at DmK?ista or by
Bi&il. ELY BIiOTHERS,56 Warren St,New York.
m? i miii?!! ii-nw ii.iiihi.iiiki ?nur?
SOMETHING VERY IMPORTANT
ABOUT YOUR EYES.
A. SCBOR, the practical Optician,
has opened his office in the Kacket
Store. Will examine yoar Eyes free of
charge, and fit them with ZINEMAN S
CRYSTAL GLASSES, at very rea
sonable prices. If your eyes trouble
you call at once and let Mr. A. Schor
examine them for you before it is too
late. Jan 7
Malaria. Dumb Chills*
Fever and Ague, Wind
Colic, Bilious Attacks.
They produce rea*nlar, natural evac
uations, never gripe or interfere with
daily business. A* a a nily medieiiic,
they should be in every household.
SOLD EYlSBYWHE?JE.
tSBBSBBi
For Infants and Children.
Castoria promotes Digestion, and
overcomes Flatulency, Constipation, Sour
Stomach, Diarrhoea, and Feverishness.
Thus the child is rendered healthy and its
sleep xtatara?. Castoria. contains no
Morphine or other narcotic property.
"Castoria is so well adapted to children that
I recommend it as superior to any prescription
known to me." H. A. Archer, M. D..
Ill South Oxford St., Brooklyn, N. Y.
"I use Castoria in my practice, and find it
specially adapted to affections of children.'"
Ai.kx. RoaasTsox, M. DM
1057 2d Ave,, New York.
"Frjpm personal knowledge and observation, j
for Chfldnen, acting as a laxative and relieving
the pent up bowels and general system very
"much. Many mothers have told me of its ex
cellent effect upon their children."
Da. G. C. Osgood,
Lowell, Mass.
I'sx Ctxtacs Company, 77 Murray Street, X. Y.
f C0< r? n yc-, i= h' ?n- made by John R.
Goodu :n, I roy..\.Y.,n? \t ork for iw. Jirader,
you Bittv nM nuJcv as much, but ?c can
"?ach y*" (ju?-kly how to in from !rt? to
5?"0 H -:: .* :*i the .?jirt, ni.? luvt? a., you po
on. ?eaor-v. all ajics. In rav]inrt uf
[Acericn. >ou ia:i oiunirac* nt home, giv
in * al i y?ur timcor ?j>?re moments only to
the work. AU is :.cw. v.r-.nt J<ay Sl'Bh'fcr
every worker. We start von. furr.?<hirig
?verythinff. EASILY. STEEP ILY Itanri
rAKTICCLAlt? EliEE. Addrcs? at once,
hiLNSWi ii co., tiJJ.JU.SU, *1
THE
1 INSTITUTE.
FOUNDED 1867.
CHARTERED 1883.
The Twenty-Third Collegiate
Year of this school for voting
3?g ladies begins THURSDAY," SEP
TEMBER 4:h, 18?>0, and close*
JUNE 13th, 1891.
?uruier has special advantages* from its
railroad connections, its bealthfulness and its
social and religious privileges.
It is the purpose of the Principals to make
the Institute, as tiear as practicable, a well
regulated Christian home and its course of
study equal in al! respects to that of the best
fem-tie colleges in this country.
For terms and more detailed information as
to course of study, and expenses, the public
is referred to our prin-ed Circulars.
These may be obtained by addressing the
''Sumter Institute, Suniter, S. C."
Ail communications thus addressed, will
receive prompt attention.
Mas. I.. A BROWNE,
Miss E. E. COOPER,
July 9 Priucipal3.
IF YOU ARE GOING WEST
AND WANT LOW RATES
To Arkansas,
Texas, Missouri, Colorado, Oregon and Cnii
fornia, or any point WEST or NORTH
WEST? IT WILL PAY YOU
To write to me.
FRED D. BUSH,
D. P. A., L & N R. R.
38 Wail St., Atlanta, (ja
Nov. 5.?x
For 31onth of January
A Fine Lot of
111 11 BORIS
Can be bought at the
SALE AWi> LIVERY
STABLES
?OF?
I E. MAY!
At Figures to Suit the Times.
?ALSO
Wagons, Buggies and
Carts.
Mayesville, 3. C , Dec. 25
Snug little- fMrtnne^iiarr hem mu'Vat
work for im, by Anna Faire. AuMin,
^^^y^S^^^^^^Mti' t j c u ' Soiu? I jru over a?WSiOO a
?t hum?. ?i !. -p i r yi .: :ir-\ Even (?!
il? rsiire ? isrlv ean ins from ?5 to
Ipt >ail.iy. A ii VVesh >w you how
aiot fctart you. Cuu work in >.pnrc tinio
orail iii?- lim?, l?tt tnonVy for work
er*. Fall'ire unknown ainoofr tWm.
NEW noil wonderful, l'?rr?enlars free.
i:.?laUctt?& C0..I?0S. ?SiOI'orU-u*!, Maine
DEAD LETTER OFFICE.
THF. ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF MAT
TER RECEIVED THERE.
Nearly $50,000 in Cash. S5.000 Odd in
Postal Notes, About $1,500,000 in Com
mercial Paper, in One Year's Time.
Bints to Letter Senders.
Following is given the full test of a
very instructive circular recently issued
by the Dead Letter Office of the United
States postoffice department. It will be
seen that an enormous amount of mail
matter annually fails to reach its desti
nation, and that this is the fault in al
most every instance of the sender or the
party to whom the matter is addressed.
Hints and directions that if followed
closely will serve to insure correct deliv
ery of mcj.il are also given:
Over six million pieces of mail matter
are sent annually to the Dead Letter Of
fice by reason of incorrect, illegible or
deficient address, insufficient postage,
insecure inclosing, whereby matter mail
ed becomes separated from the envelope
or wrapper, or the failure to be called
for or delivered to the person addressed.
This is a daily average of over twenty
thousand pieces.
Of these the greater portion either are
not called for at the postoffice to which
they are directed, or, in case of free de
livery offices, the addressees cannot be
found, notwithstanding every known
means is resorted to on the part of the
postal officials to effect delivery.
Matter sent to the Dead Letter Office
which cannot be delivered to the persou
addressed is required to be opened in its
treatment for the purpose of return to
the sender, and if the name and address
of the sender be not shown or cannot be
ascertained from tho contents, and it
contains no valuable inclosure, it must
be destroyed.
Leiters opened and found to contain
any inclosure of obvious value are en
tered upon proper records, and of such
those which do not disclose sufficient in
formation to enable them to be returned
are filed, subject to reclamation upon
proper application and identification.
Letters which contain no inclosure of
obvions value are not recorded.
Packages and parcels are recorded, .
and where they do not disclose the name
and address cf the owner are filed. If
cot called for or claimed within two
years they are disposed of at public auc
tion, and the proceeds covered into the
United States Treasury.
A large proportion of the packages and
parcels sent to the Dead Letter Office fail
to bo restored to the owners because of
the absenco on the wrappers or inclos
ures of anything to indicate ownership
thereof.
Information as to the character and
nature of the matter thus received at
the Dead Letter Office, and the condi
tions and innaences which occasion its
failure to reach the persons to whom the
senders designed it to go, may be. of in
terest, and the mere statement of it car
ry with it suggestions which may serve
the jrablic in its exercise of- postal privi- _
leges. \. ' '
- Of the unclaimed and undelivered
mail matter received at the Dead Letter j
Office during the past fiscal year, four j
hundred and fifty-one thousand were let
ters misdirected or only partially ad- j
dressed?that is, not addressed to a post- i
office, or addressed to a postoffice with- j
out the state being given, or addressed i
to a postoffiee not in the state named, ;
etc.. while twenty-four thousand were |
entirely blank, bearing no address what- \
ever. Amo-i.? the latter were frequently -;
found the correspondence of business
men, of which a large portion contained j
inclosures of money, drafts, checks, etc. |
Ninety-eight thousand were letters to :
domestic addresses, "held for postage,'' j
together with letters, etc., addressed to !
Canada and Mexico, matter to these :
countries being unmailable except upon
full prepayment of postage.
One hundred and sixty-five thousand
were letters mainly addressed to persons
in care of hotels. The guests to whom
the letters belonged having departed i
without leaving their address, or for- j
warding orders for their mail, they were !
returned to the postoffiee by the hotels
and thence sent to the Dead Letter .
Office.
Forty-two thousand were letters to fie- j
titious addresses, and principally corre- :
spondence relating to what is known as j
"green goods" or "saw dust" swindles, \
etc., many of them containing money
with orders for the purchase of these :
fraudulent goods. Parties engaged in
these fraudulent and unlawful enter
prises invariably do^so under an as
sumed name, and when the character i
and business of such persons is discov- j
ered by the postal authorities, such mat- l
ter addressed to them is declared "fie- j
titious" and delivery withheld.
Eighty thousand were parcels of mer- |
chandise, books, clothing, needlework, j
jewelry, etc., etc., many of which were j
misdirected, while others were without j
wrapper, having been insecurely inclosed, !
and others from which the address had I
become separated and lost.
A large proportion were those upon I
which the required amount cf postage to
entitle them to transmission through the
mails had not been prepaid, insufficient !
payment being due to improper inclosing, ;
whereby a higher rate of postage was j
required.
Twenty-eight thousand contained i
money amounting in all to $4S,l>42.
Four thousand had inclosures of postal i
notes in small sums under ?5, aggregat
ing $5,300.
Twenty-seven thousand were found to i
contain drafts, checks, notes, com- ;
mercial paper, etc., etc., in the sum of i
jU,47J,07i, while forty-eight thousand j
contained paid and canceled obligations, i
receipts evidencing payments of money, i
deeds, mortgages, general miscellaneous
papers, etc., etc.
Forty-two thousand contained photo- ;
graphs, one thousand contained articles j
forbidden to be transmitted through the i
mails, and eleven thousand upon being j
opened were found to contain lottery j
tickets, winch, under the terms of the :
law, are declared imniailable.
One hundred and sixty-two thousand
contained postage stamps, and were in
closures to secure return answers to the
correspondence which they accompanied,
or were the remittances in payments of
small balances, or accompanying orders
for small purchases of merchandise, sub
scriptions, etc.
Five hundred and thirty-one thousand
were letters and forty-one thousand pa:
eels of printed matter, samples, etc.,
which had been mailed in foreign coun
tries to post offices within the United
States, and failing of delivery were sent
to the Dead Letter Office, and thence re
turned to the postal administrations of
their respective countries of origin un
opened.
Two hundred and five thousand were
letters and forty-seven thousand were
parcels, books, samples of merchandise, i
etc., which had been mailed within the ;
United States addressed to foreign conn- j
tries, and having failed of delivery at ;
their destination were sent to the Dead i
Letter Office by foreign postal adminis- !
trations.
Over five million of the letters received j
at the Dead Letter Office contained no J
inclosure of obvions vaine, although j
doubtless many of them were quite as
valuable and important to both sender
and addressee as thousands of other let
ters containing money, checks, stamps,
etc., and yet of this immense number of
letters over three million bore within
either no definite or sufficient address of
the writer?in most cases no address j
whatever?or there was no signature j
whereby the writer might be identified 1
or determined, without which the Dead
Letter Office could not make return.
Misdirection, incorrect, illegible and
deficient address are given as leading
causes which occasion the failure of
mail matter to reach its proper destina
tion, and affect alike that which is so
addressed to either city, town or village.
In addition to these in the case of
mntter mailed to cities or free delivery j
offices -are the failure to give street^a^i
cumber, business or occupation, or some
designated placo of delivery of the per
son addressed; inability to find transient
people, and their neglect to give for
warding orders for their mail: the neglect
of permanent or temporary residents to
notify the carriers or postoffice of change
of place for the delivery of their mail
matter upon moving from one part of the
city to another, together with the failure
of newcomers to furnish the postoffice
with their name3 and places of address.
It is to these causes, with others of more
or less consequence, that the non-deliv
ery of mail matter is, in the main, at
tributable, and they aro conditions over
which the postal service has no control,
and may alone be remedied by the peo
ple themselves.
The following suggestions, if observed,
will aid the dispatch and delivery of
matter sent through tho mails, or its re
turn directly to the sender in the event
of non-delivery, and thus prevent the i
annoyance, delay and embarrassment
caused by sending matter to the Dead
Letter Office.
Mail matter should be plainly and
correctly addressed, the name of the
postoffice to which it is to be sent should
be clearly and distinctly stated, and to
avoid confusion from the similarity of
abbreviations, as frequently used, the
name of the state should be given in
full. In the case of mail addressed to
small offices, or where there are offices
of like names in different states, the
name of the county should be added.
As the immense quantity of matter
sent through the mails is necessarily re
quired to be handled rapidly by the rail
way mail clerks and at the postoffices in
the cities too much care cannot be ex
ercised in addressing mail mailer clearly,
plainly and correctly.
Where mail matter is addressed to
cities or free deliver}' boxe3 the street
and house number or postoffice box
number of the person addressed are im
portant, and should always be given
when it is possible to do so.
ness or employment of the person ad
dressed, if stated, will often secure de
livery.
The free delivery offices, being in the
cities and larger towns?the trade cen
ters of the country?have a large, vary
ing, transient population, which cannot
be known to the postoffice officials in the
same degree as in the smaller places, and
delivery is therefore maSeHhe niorediffi
. cult; and where recourse must be had to
city directories they are often found im
perfect and incomplete, so that the
means of ascertaining the location of the
addressee frequently is found wanting,
and deliver}- fails because the person is
not known or cannot be found.
A small proportion only of the mail- .
received at the free delivery offices is
called for at the general deliver}- of the
postoffice, the public expecting delivery
Dy the letter carriers; and hence the im
portance of giving street and number or
some other designation whereby the per
son addressed may be found.
Matter mailed to cities and free de
livery offices addressed without street
and number or some other designation
enabling delivery goes into the general
delivery, subject to be called for, and of
such matter the statistics of the post
offices of some of the larger cities show
that not more than 25 per cent, is called
for.
Letters addressed to persons tempo
rarily sojourning in a city where the
letter earner system is^ in operation
should be marked "transient" or '-gen
erali delivery," if not addressed to a
street and number or some other desig
nated place of delivery.
The name and address of the sender,
either printed or written, should be
placed upon the upper left hand corner
of the envelope or wrapper of all matter
mailed.
This will secure its immediate return
to the sender from the mailing office for
correction if improperly addressed, in
sufficiently paid or otherwise defective,
thus affording opportunity to comply
with the postal regulations and require
ments, and place the matter in proper
condition to entitle it to all the priv
ileges of the mails, and is especially use
ful in the case of packages and other
matter mailable at less than letter rate
of postage, which is restricted to cer
tain conditions and requirements as to
weight, size, manner of inclosure, etc.
Letters and all other matter mailed,
so marked with the name and address of
the sender, that should fail to be called
for or delivered to the person addressed,
and upon which full letter rates of post
age has been paid, are not sent to the
Dead Letter Office, but are returnable to
the sender directly?without additional
charge, and with the reason of n<>n-de- I
livery indorsed thereon.
The above suggestions in respect to
the return of unclaimed and undelivered
mail matter directly to the sender from
the postoffice addressed ref< rs only to
letters and other mail matter upon which
full letter postage has been paid.
Packages and all matter mailed at less
than letter rates of postage should, in
addition to the name and address of the
sender upon; the envelope or wrapper,
bear in connection therewith a request
for its return in the event of non-deliv
ery, in which case it is als.? returnable
directly t > the sender from th postoffice
addressed, charged with return postage
at ihe rate required for the class of mat
ter to which it belongs.
The distinction, under the pestai reg
ulations, as regards the return of un
claimed and undelivered matter is. that
letters and other matter prepaid at full \
I'm ter rates are roturnabl free, whereas
matter mai?abieat less than lei ter post- j
age requires the payment of return ;
posta . '.
If is i borne in mind that only such !
unclaimed and undelivered letters and
other matter prepaid at full lctt< r Rites j
of postage as do not bear t!:j came and ,
address of the sender, and such other
matter mailed at less than*^etter rates of
postage as does not bear a request for its
return, U required to bo sent to the Dead
Letter Office, the importance of the sug
gestions in respect to placing the name
cjid address of the sender, etc., on all
matter mailed is apparent.
All matter mailable at less than letter
rates of postage must be so wrapped or
inclosed that it can be readily examined
at the office of delivery, as "well as at the
mailing office, without destro}*ing the
wrapper, otherwise it is subject to letter
postage.
. Much of the package and parcel mat
tor received at the Dead Letter Office is
that which has been deposited for mail
ing sealed and closed against inspection,
SEd prepaid at less than letter rate, be
i^g tmmailablo in such condition, and
f tie name and address of the sender not
appearing upon the cover, whereby it
xaight be returned for correction, and
proper compliance with postal condi
tions, it necessarily is sent t-o the Dead
..fitter Office.
.A large proportion of the packages
sent to the Dead Letter Office are ad
d^essf? to foreign countries.
i^on to being sealed or closed
a^?inst inspection and deficient in post
age many of them contain articles that
are unmailable through the post because
of customs regulations and conditions of
the countries to which they are addressed,
or exceed the limit of size and weight.
In such cases, if the name and address
of the sender does not appear, the parties
a??ressed are notified that the package
wip be forwarded by express; at their
expense, or returned to the sender if they
wH-_ furnish the proper address in this
coimtry.
With no knowledge of the value of the
package or by whom mailed the ad
dressee often declines to direct it to be
forwarded and pay the charges; and the
sei-.der being unknown to the Dead Let
ter Office it eventually takes the course
provided for other unclaimed matter of
its class.
Emailing packages addressed to for
eign countries care should be taken to
ascertain whether they are prohibited
from", transmission to the country of
derivation, or can only be forwarded
wh..>^;.the postage is fully prepaid at for
eign letter rates?five cents per half
ctm .e.
Only bona fide "trade samples are
tra*?aiissible at reduced rates of postage.
Persons desiring to mail matter other
than letters to foreign countries should
con.n?t their postmasters, who, being
provided with the postal laws and regu
lations, are enabled to give proper infor
mation respecting conditions, etc., etc.,
of n, ailing to foreign countries.
All valuable matter to be sent by mail
should be registered. It will thus re
ceiv such protection as it is not always
posr ble to give to matter sent in the or
dm.-^y mails. Money should be sent by
moirfcZ- order or registered letter.
Pi jprietors of hotels should omit the
retu in request from envelopes supplied
gratuitously to their guests, and guests
using envelopes furnished by hotels
should be careful to designate what dis
posal should be made of letters sent by
them in case of non-delivery.
Lv^hjaajagrto foreis^ co*mtries,
esp?Si?ily Canaoa anu J?hgiand, m Vhich
mrny postoffices have the same name as
offices in the United States, the name of
the country as well as postoffice should
be given in full.
In sending packages and parcels
book?, pamphlets and other articles?by
mail the address should be placed on
the article inclosed as well as on the
wrapper.
Should the wrappers become detached,
as they frequently do, through the hand
ling incident to mail transportation by
sea or land, it may still be possible tc
restore the article if this precaution is
taken.
While the efficiency of the postal sys
tem and service has attained high stand
ard, the public may materially aid in
the fuller and more complete delivery
of its mail matter, or the prompt return
of the same to the sender in cases where
delivery from any cause cannot be ef
fected, if the foregoing suggestions are
conformed >. D. P. LEIBHARDT,
Superintendent.
The Farmers Alliance Revo
lution.
The Rev. Thomas DixoD, Jr , a
sensational New York preacher, who it
seems is in the habit uf prefacing his
sermon with what he calls a "weekly
pulpit review,which is a short talk,
on politics and public matters generally,
paid his respects last Sunday to the
"Farmers' Aliiancp aud the comiug
revolution" in the following terms.
The Rev. Dixon said :
"The men who believe in the divinity
of everything that is, have always couut
ed on the stupidity of the farmers until
now.
But to-day the farmers have smashed
the tradition of centuries, kicked out the
dash-board and are running away, while
rj^rSe who have so long been accustomed
to drive them are thrown out in the
dk^ky /trampled and crushed. They
tell you that this is imly a flurry, that it
will soon blow over. But they are
mistakeu.
The real trouble is that the people
have begun to think, and when the
people?the masses?begin to think,
the world idiakc9.
This thinking, vhich is destroying
old systems, is opening the way to new
civilization. The eyes of the world
have long been apoa the kings and
potentates ; now they arc upon the com
mon people?on the weaker classes.
Our present civilization quivers from
founuation to flag-stuff with this upris
A >2 of the masses. The drum beat of
the Salvation Army reaches round the
world.
The Farmers Alliance is an Ameri
can branch of the same uprising. It is
the most tremendous social aud polit
ical organization ever known. Dema
gogues will lead it for a time, but it
will kill two demagogues for every one
it nourishes. ?;'?t the demagogues, the
dead beats aud the bummers take
warning. The cyelooe has only
begun;'*
There h a big famine in the Soudan ;
(South of Egypr) and the poor people (
are forced tu eat cats, rats and dogs to j
keep from starving. The famine has
lasted for eighteen months and more j
than a tenth of the people have per
ished.
*m> . ? !Mm -
At Warwick, Hingland, thousands of
skaters were <>n the river Avon, when
the ice gave way aud five hundred were !
plunged imo the water. Seventeen
bodies have been recovered and others
were dtowued.
Three Noted Chiefs of the
Sioux.
The delusion of the coming of the
Mesiah among the Indians of the
Northwest, with the resulting ceremony
known as the ghoM dance, is indicative
of greater danger of an Indian war in
that region than has existed since 187(3.
Never before have diverged Indian
tribes been so generally united upon a
single idea. The conspiracy of Pon
tiac and the arrayment of savage forces
byTecum.eh aie insignificant by com
parison. The conditions do not exist
that ordinarily have led to wars upon
the Western frontier. The peril of the
situation lies in the fanaticism which
may carry the superstitious and ex
citable Indian to the point of hostilities
in defiance of all hope of ultimate suc
cess; and the uncertainty of this
element b;-files the judgment of the
oldest frontiersman, in the effort to
determiue the extent of the danger
A single spark in the tinder of excited
religious gatherings may precipitate an
Iudiau war more eangiiioary than any
similar war that has ever occurred.
The hope of peace lies in the judicious
di-play of force, united with concilia
tion, by the United States authorities,
helped by the coming of severely cold
weather, which would make au out
break obviously hopeless, and allow
time for the delusion to dissipate.
In the present state of affairs the
noted Sioux chief Sitting Bull, who has
already been the source of so much
trouble in the course of Indian affr.irs,
appears once more as a promiuent
figure This time he does not have the
fair pretext under which he incited the
war in 1876, which led io the defeat
and massacre of General Ouster's com
mand on Little Big Horn River, and
terminated wi h the escape of Sitting
Bull and bis immediate followers into
British ten itory. Since his surrender
through the mediation of the Dominion
? ffijials in 1880. and his return to the
Standing Keck li.sei vaiiou iu 1883,
he has ft-und his authority greatiy
diminirhcd among the Dakota Sioux
This authority he has endeavored to re
gain by identifying him>e!f with every
element of hostility to the whites and
opposition to the innovations of civiliza
tion, and has been so far successful that
at the conference at Standing Rock,
Dakota, in July and August, 1888, be
influenced his tribe to refuse to relin
quish their lands by purchase.
Contrary to the general estimate
concerning him, this famous chief is a
man of mediocre ability, uot noted for
bravery as a warrior, and inferior as a
commander and iu intelligence io some
of bis lieutenants. Sheer obstinacy,
stubborn tenaci.'y of purpose, aud low
cunning, with an aptituue for rheauieal
effect and for working on the supersti
tions of his people, are the attributes
by which be has acquired and retained
influence among the Northwest tiibes.
Personally/he is pompous, vain, boast
i'? i, ?it't- ? i jT?s. ^?te/ifT?ii&fworrrry~ fT?~
has constantly been a dUturbing ele
meut at the. agency since his return
from confinement as a military prisoner
seven years ago, and has gruwn worse
iu this re.-pi-ot as he has felt his author
ity and importance departing.
The d;>' grrnujt elements that this
chief has called around him do not
represent the mo>t noted Indians who
fought under Lis leadership iu the
Sioux war fourteen years ago, and fol
lowed him in his exile across the Britird)
frontier. Those warriors have realized
the futility of waifare with the whites,
aud are siucerely doirou* not to incur
its evils agaio. The Indians of whom
Sitting Bull is the reprer-eutative com
prise the irreconciiables?warriors who
adhere to the old aborigiual usages and
chiefs jealous of their authority, which
wanes in proportion as their followers
advance iu civilization. This small but
dangerous faction are ready at any time
for war. In sympathy with their desire
I are many young men ambitious fora
chance to distinguish themselves as
wai riors.
The chiefs of the greatest influence
among the majority of the Indians are
men of strong will and good sense,
who have accepted the situation, and
are willing to adapt themselves to the
uew condition of things. They could
control their people by their own in
fluence unaided if the scene of the
gaiherings was uot so near exposed
settlements, which tempt lawless Indians
to make trouble in hope of booty The
present excitement is fanned to some .
extcut by unscrupulous white persons
desirous of a war with the hope that it
shall bring them emolument, and end in
throwing open the reservation lands for
settlement.
Foremost among the Tudians who
j have taken the side of peace and safety,
and have made every effort to break up
the delusion which finds expression in
the ghost dances, are chiefs Gall and j
John Grass, both warriors held in great i
respect for wisdom and bravery, who
i took a prominent part as followers of
Sitting Bull in the war that brought
about the massacre at the Little Big
Horn. The change in them iu the
fourteen years since both these chiefs
were on the war-path in the equipments
of savagery?the war bonnets, the
braided hair pieced cut with buffalo
t;?ils, and the array of weapous ? is re
markable. The diff?rence between the
good aud the bad Indian is indicated
in the countenance even more obviously
than among the civilized whites. The
streug faces of these two chiefs indicate
their character, which, unlike that of
Sitting Bull, is fearless, upright, j
bright, and progressive.
The foremost, leader among the j
Sioux is Chief Gali, who stands above j
all other chiefs in their estimation.
Many persons familiar with the situa
tion hay that he planned the campaign
of 1876, which made Sitting Bull fa
mous as a commander and strategist,
and affirm that no serious outbreak
among the Northwest, tribes wiit occur !
so long as he remains friendly to the I
govern ment
This famous war chief is one of the
best farmers at the Standing Kock
Agency His family are all members
of the Episcopalian Church. IL- takes
no part in the ghost dance,
nor does he lend his sanction to it. lie
feels that the Indians fail to appreciate
the benefits of their present surround
ings, and want old time:-, which have
been magnified in their imagination by
tiaditiun, to return. "I think it bet
ter," he said, at the conclusion of a
conference he and John Grass had with
Mayor James McLaughlin, the United
States agent at Standing ilock, "for us
to live as we are living rather than
create trouble, not knowing how it will
end "
An element of great value in the
preservation of oiderupon the reserva
tion, and conspicuously useful in the
present disturbed condition *>f affairs
at ih'i agency, is the Indian police At
Standing Rock the force is thirty-five
tu number, commanded by a captain
aud a lieuteuaut,. For the adjudica
tion of affairs occurring upon the reser
vation an Indiau court has been estab
lirlifcd at the agency. Two of the
judges are members of the police force,
and the third one U Juhu Grass, who
speaks English. The impartiality and
excellent judgment displayed iu the
conduct of this court have been note
worthy, aod its decisions have almost
invariably been accepted without, com
plaint.?Harper s Weekly, Dec. 20.
The Indian War.
Pixe Ridge, S D., Dec. 31.?The
Seveuth cavalry had just reached camp
yesterday, after repulsing the attack
made on their supply train by Two
Strike's band, when a courier arrived
with word that the Catholic mission was
on fire, and the teachers aod pupils
were being massacred.
In tweoty minutes the weary and
hungry c-ivalry was again in motion
They found the fire was at the day
school, a mile this side of the mission.
The Indians, ender command of
Little Wound and Two S.'rike, were
foucd, to the number of 1,800, about a
mile beyond the mission.
The Seventh formed a line and btgan
fighting, which was carried on by only
300 or 400 Indians at the time, while
tho great mas- kept concealed.
Gen. Forsythe suspected an ambush,
and did not let them draw him into
dangerous ground.
Col Henry with the Ninth Cavahy
started an hour later than Forsythe aud
owi?g to exhaustiou bis horses had to
travel very slowly.
The Seventh became surrounded by
redskins, but just as the circle was
ready to charge the Ninth broke in
upon the rear of the hostiles, and they
vanished.
The weary soldiers slowly retreated,
reaching the agency at dark.
The infantry had been ordered out,
but wer i stopped by sight of the head of
the columu of cavalry.
The soldiers were greatly outnumber
ed, aud there are not enough troops at
this poiot to clean out these Iuiiit:;s,
who are still camped within seven miles
of the agency.
The damage d< ne the tro'-ps :s small.
Li'Ut. Maun, Company K, SvVetith
cavalry was wounded, beiug shot
through the side. The first sergeaut of
Company K was also wounded.
Tue" iSluiti \ ca'va'iry comni^deo~--Ty"
Col. Henry pulled into the agercy 'flits
morning, the seventh having come in
shortly before midnight. Soon after
the arrival of the Niu:h a courier from
a wagon train which was several miles
in the rear, dashed into the agency,
with his pony covered with foam, aud
reported that the wagon train had been
attacked by hostiles.
Heavy and rapid firing to the oor h
was heard at times, and within a few
minutes af:cr "Boors am3 saddles" was
sounded, the Seventh and Ninth cavalry
were on their way to the assirtaDce ot
the wagoo train.
The Indians were soon driven away
and scattered, but their loss in killed
and wounded could not be ascertained.
One trooper was kiled and two were
wounded.
The troops returned to the agency,
but had only been in a short time when
a large volume of smoke to the north
ward indicated that hostiles had fired
some building, and as the Catholic
missiou in charge'of Father Jutz was
in that direction, fears were entertained
for the safety of the priests aad sisters
located there.
Soon after smoke was observed tc
rise another courier arrived and in
formed Gen. Brooke that the mission
had been rvred.
The Seventh calvary again quickly
responded to the call of "boots and
saddles''and dashid out to the rescue.
Later reports state that the mission
was saved, but that a schoolhouse Dear
by was burued to the ground.
A couple of hours after the second
departure of the Seventh calvary word
was brought ia that the hostile camp
had been located, aud assistance was
called for to help surround the village
aod destroy or capture it.
In answer to the summons the Ninth
calvary once more jumped iuto saddles
aud headed for the north.
Word from the Catholic mission re
ports that no:;e of the people there
were injured, but all escaped safely.
The wounding of Lieut. Maun, of
troop K. Seventh calvary, leaves t?at
troop without an officer in the field.
Capt. Wailaee iiaviug beeu killed aud
Second Lieut. Suuires being at Fort
Worth, where: he was ordered to be ex
amined for promotion.
r?Iuch sorrow is felt for those killed
and wounded in the affray en Wounded
Knee Creek. Especially is the death
of Capt. Wallace keenly felt, as he was
a general favorite aud was a gallant
aud brave officer, who had the respect
aud esteem of the entire army. He
was killed while opening a bodge flap
by an Indian secreted on th-o inside,
who struck him a blow on the forehead
with a blunt war club, it is supposed,
crushing in his skull and c :b:kss
kiiiing him instantly.
The dead Indians were left . the
field as they fell.
The meeting of the captive ' Foot
hostiles is said to have bei" < <i
upon by the warriors aud me iu men
previous to the comme ?ce meut oi :hci
trouble, their purpo.-e being to test the i
efficiency of the ghost spii i s in warding
of? all bullets fired by the eoldieis.
The bloody and disastrous result of their j
fanatical belief, it would seem, would]
have a ceo iog effect upon the minds
of t'rre rest of them, but the heretofore
fritudly Indians, who broke away f:03J
this agency yesterday, appear beut upon j
avenging the de.ith of their people,
who wire killed on Wounded Knee,,
regardless of the feith expressed by.
them iu the wonderful ghost shit is. lt
...: f- **""
! CsfrDKOsr, Nsb , Dec 3?.?An
j then lie report <f the Sgbt Monday be
: tween B'g Foot's band and Capt. Wal
; lace's soldiers place the camber of
soldiers killed at tbirty-six, with the'
i same number of wounded
In yesterday's skirmi.-h Jlaj. Henry's*
j command lost one killed- and eis
j wounded
About three thousand Indians near
j Pine Ridge, of whom 500 are known*
; ?o be hostile, have stampeded.
-1 M mW >" iJlIWi'
The Old Soldiers do Kot?
Forget*
Pickens Sentinel".
We take pleasure in publishing the*
following preamble and resolutions 8 E$
to us from the B >wen Mill Alliance :
"Whereas, We, the Bowen Milr
Alliance, No. 89*2, believe in the great
principles as .-ret forth in the constitution1
of our order :
"Whereas We, as an Alliance have*
I positively refused heretofore to take"
J part in nominating candidates for office,
j or endorsing men or measure?, believ
! ing it to be unconstitutional and un
j wise :
j "Whereas, Yfe believe the action of
I the Alliance io some counties of our
j State in the recent campaign by the'
j c'amor of some who hoped to gain for
themselves big public places by heading:
out a s berne so enticing to the masses*
j who could not understand their motives'
have been the prime cause of (lie defeat
of our beloved Flampton ;
" Whereas, We believe that a ma-=
jority of the members of the Alli?nee*
if lift to exercise their own preferment
by ballot would have done honor to*
whom honor 13 due ;
"Whereas, We believe the action o4
the Legislature to be both unwise and
ungrateful ; therefore be it
"Resolved, By the Bowen Mill Alli
ance, No. 89*2, that we hereby express
j oar disapproval, unanimously of .h$
action of the Legislature in failing ta
re-elect Wade Hampton to the United
States Senate. R E Bowen, Sec'y.
[The press thionghout the State artf
requested to publish these proceedings.J,
A Stransre History.
SOME ACCOUNT OF THE T?NIO?? SOLDIER'
WHO ENGROSSED GEN. GRANTS TERMS'
OF SURRENDER AT APPOMATIOXv
To the Editor or the Newsan<* Cou
rier: This year I have bad a very
pleasant corresooudeuce with a gen
tleman who, during a portion of the
Confederate war, was Gen. Grab's*
military secretary. Early in 1863 he
entered volunteer service, and was
mustered out as a brevet brigadier
general at the close of the war. Be
sides being Gen. Grant's military
secretary, he was also assistant adju
tant general on b's staff. Wfren Gen.
Lee surrendered at Apnoraattox this
gentleman engrossed Gen. Grant's*
terms of surrender. These facts alone*
would make him a person of interest,
but liiere are other facts eonneeterl
with him which dot?bte the mterest?
!'. . r \} Tri
start \viW's^r>^ statement!;,
but it is true. The English name of
this chief is Ely S. Parker; his Indian
name is Do-ne-ho-ga-wa, which signi
fies "keeper of the door." He is the
chief sachem of the Six Nations in
New York Sra:^,- of which people
there are some five thousand living in
that State.
Gen. Parker is of the Seneca Nation,
the same nation which produced the
illustrious orator Red Jacket. He was
bona im the Tonawanda reservation irr
Western New York. After The Con
federate war he entered the regular'
army as second lieutenant in the 2of
United Slates cavalry and rose to the'
posi'ion of brigadier general. Front
ls-v.) to 1S72 he filled the important
position of commissioner of Indian
?ffa?rs, stationed at Washirrgtotr. He
is the only full-blooded Indian, so far"
as I know, who has ?-ver filled a politi
cal position in the United States. lit
1872 he severed his connection with
governmental affairs. He has bee?
Chief Sachem of trie Six Nations since
1*52 and is an authority on Indian
matters- He now lives in' New York'
ci i v.
The General comes from ah Indraft
family of which the Seneca Nation can
justly be proud. His brother, Chief
Nicholas H. Parker, is a person of
prominence among the 2$e>v iOTk
Senacas; his Indian name is Gi-an
twa-ka, which signifies "the Planter."
Miss Caroline Parker, the General's
sister, married thft la7e John Mount
l pre?s?hf. the head chief of the Tusca
j roras; his Indian na-: e was JDah-gah
vah-dent, which meant "Falling
! Woods." Mrs. Mountpleasant's In
! dian name is Ge-go-?a-seli, Which
I means -Wild Cat." The New York
i Herald informs us that the Parkers
are "highlv educated."
I have found the G?nerai to be a
genial and pleas?nt correspondent.
Let us hope that a full history of this
interesting Indian family will one day
be written. McDonald Furman.
Ramsey P. O.. Su m ter County.
Merit Wins.
Wo de.-ire to say to oar eu'zens, that for
je.irs we have been selii;>g Dr. Kjng's New
Discovery fur Consumption, ?>'r. "fing's1 New'
Life Ptlis. Uuckien's Arn?c? r^atve ana Electric*
Sitters. rt-.\d have r.?vr bandied rem?die? t??at
seli :?s well, or that have given such universal
satisfaction. We do r.?l hesitate to guarantee
!tiem every l'une, and we stand ready to refund
the purchase price, if satrsf.iC'orv res^^do not
f?>Il,iw their use. These remedies have won their
;rcai popularity purely on their merits. J F*
W. L\-Lonne, Druggist. I
For Over Fifty Years.
}frs. Wins/low's ?uoth>n* Syrup has been
us*d for children reefuing. ?t soothes the'
cnild", softens the jzutns, allays a!! pain, cures
wind colic, and is the best remedy for
Dlarrhcaa. T\?eiit\--??ve f?nts ? bottle.
The Quality of the blood depends much upo?
good or bad digestion and assimilation. To
:i!mN- t!^e blood non in. lite and strength
giving constituents use Dr. J. H. McLean's
barsaparilla. li will nourish 'he properties
of the Mood, trora which the elements of
vitality arc drawn. vloct
?? you fef? "est of sorts." cross hdq
peevish??ake Dr. .1. H. McLean's Sarsa
parilltf; cheerfulness will rettfrc and life wi":
accuire new zest, tloct
Don't irritate roar btnes ?i:h a stnbbort.
cough wheu a plannt and effective remedy
may be faund in Dr.J. H. McLean's T*r
tt'tne Luug 1! tin: ! vloct
fiO?
An Intensely Interesting Story by
JOLIAfl HAWTHORNE
It Wiii Soon Appoar ir
this Paper*