Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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.gapiaflwg*****'"**"1 .'/rr?* Consolidated Ans* 2, 1881.1 TkE TRUE SOUTHRON, itetaMteh?d jone, ia ?iL SUMTER, S. C., TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER f, 1886. 33 m PixSBslxsdi mst Tuesday, BI N. Gr. OSTEEN, tf(?g*? " ^SUMTER, S. . C. TERMS I Two'Dollars per annum-in advance. iDTKBtlSKXKSTS. On? Square, first: iasc*tion....-..^...~-;..$l-0<* ?very S?b&sqnentinsert?on ?..........I..... 50 Contracts for three months, or longer will be made at reduced rates. Ail commonicatio?s Which subserre private - aterests wHl be charged for as advertisements, i ii?ftfaitrarim and trihntrt -of respect will be Charged for. fgxgy&STION A? our jmHrowr?s Iron '??i - Bitters . gjsjaajagaia?i jpobahfr bawugiSt ?wWttrAi *s? 0Bwst**How csa Brown*? boa Bitters eon 6*?ty VaMf" WeO.it doesn't. Bot it does care aarfflaw BB fer waich*n)paUbiophjsici^wouWpr?8C*>b? ?Ph|sfaiftairt?c<)fmz? ir? ss lb? best lestontir? ?. Mag jPpaP.toths pwgesayh. sad ingaby of any ? aa4fevofasBioslazisw21rsQbstsittuts tas-erttoo i-' ajpO^gsfr?TsrrtpcspsatioMotironthanrf tiny taber safrsUae qsea ias^edVine This shows oon ?sfcMfoefrthst iron is scknflwladted to be the most fa.^-^nL^^.-?t MBISmDlljSSBtfeSL It is? however. aimrwrtrmh^t^^?tTHiqrto^dMeoy sp erf BltO W?PS IKON Brr^KRSpoperfect Qsrtfcjfi <n_f_hni wiibitirtfau: b*d* iii been found. ? B?Mffl'StBOilBITTERSr?'?SS aaaTisaa, ?rjrodnos emwfipstfnn-^Q^ertraa a v aeeal?ae?a*. BROWN'S IRON BITTERS tMtfalaataeartaatBfliawmaea? Weakness, Dyspepsia, Malaria, Chills ari Fevers, Ttre? Feelia^.General 0*fcfliiy^?aIn in tho S^BackotI.imh?^Hf^Aache*ndNenTaI. gfca farsBthBseaflmsatsIroa.is prescribed d?2y BRWrSIROMITTERS?in ajfaata Z&o aS other t?oroa*a medicines, it sets **^a^aaaa> x? iwsn*?x. OtXMSTXy- X OO 3J05CX66 TJMQ DWaJaOS ffiaawytl?diesstsiii inns II luj.tbehowefea^actfrg. jg*??^geeamctigT?^pyTi??<Tttr?pfc< ?p>*wi?r^?xt -U^^ysyieiaa^^ciicei'to bf t&hZen^thSTskfa dears ^^^^jy^^*^fl?"!3**^^^^^W8Pei^Bb^e^f^e^^^^ fe^^he^SL^^aTno^^^t^'Sit in tthe ChsMttw 1 I M Trade aTsriraa^qosssd red ham .;:-i\-+*mtmi TAKE NO OTHER. *-. : >' " Ifu?fnri?wi???aaia ?M?tatt f iiiin?iinUrn rwjr?n im is i-iii j i du------?-- 1 Pa ilttniniiiiiitinf thiitind.innli ?nTnrrriitilTTf feslrwt, ltfflnnsw, KSCTOBS Dyspepsia. Indices - t^feajchttfey ajtasBoweh. OotattpstxiP. Hatn koey. BraetctiaDS sad Barnine <d the Stomach _ Ooaataaa% called Heartburn), Ifiasfaa, M?hris, - >3Q?oay Fha; Chaki ?ad lev?e; Bwskbsno Ferae, s- - IMri-?T4 before cc after Fenws, Chronic Diar : thcss.iossoi Axeetfce. Baadache, Fool Breath, li milli Ubi im ?tomi li r. iimln Beano? Iowa StSH?lSEESAi?Bi?ILl fr Invaluable* ?is?Ot*pSB*oe*faralldiaeeae>s. .at /MIDST *n disease? of the LIVER, ?^auUls STOMACH and BOWELS, ft chances the enmplervsi from a waxy, yellow tons; a>a>Tsd4r>' healthycolac, it euiiieiy rumoree low, ?tona ts?s?*. It is one of the BEST AL TER AT IV ES ?nd PURIFIERS OF THE BLOOP, tat? la A VALUABLE TONIC* STAOICER'S A UR ANT 11 FccaJsbyinPrngr?ta. Price St .00 per bottle. CF.STAD1CER, Proprietor, : SOO 30* FRONT ST*? Phl?at?elphta, Pa. A FINE FLORIDA TONIC! -Mr.FOSTERS. CHAPMAN, ~- One of the landmarks of the Georgia Drag trade, now of Orlando, Florida, writes: S a * "I caa hardly select a single cass of the many others to whom I bate . ^gOim PIONEER BLOOD BE* - * KEW EB, bat wbathare been- satis f?edf aad ? fiad it the best remedy for all Sk ra Diseases I-hare ever sold, and a Fine Florida Tonic. "FOSTERS. CHAPMAN, "Orlando, Fia." ? CERTAIN CURE FOR CATARRH I A SUPERB Flesh hdmer and Tonic! OUGHTS FIONSKB BXOOD RENEWER -Cares all Blood and Skin Diseases, Rbeama Wm," Scrofula, Old, Sores. A perfect Spriog Uedicice. If oot io your market it will be forwarded .^ receipt of price. Small bottles $1.00: large" bottles $1.75. Essay on Blood and Skin Diseases mailed free.. " ' ' - . MA?0N MEDICINE COMPANY. - .. Macon. Georgia. SIT For Sale by Da. A. J. CHINA. July 13. _Somter, S. C. M mm (Molen, AUGUSTA, GA, AJD THE iATCMAH il SOUTHRON, Tar Ons Tear at $2.90? ' rr\HE AUGUSTA CHRONICLE is the lar . A Z&t weekly newspaper ic this State. ~ lt is a twelve page (eighty-four cole ma) pa? per. It contains all the important news of the waek, and is filled with interesting and in . atract?ve reading to the farmer, mechanic, bosiaess and professional mao. Its Washing? ton, Atlanta,, and Colombia Letters, with its foll Telegraph?: ser-rice, market reports, edito - "Hals and geaersl news, make it one of the most readable and one of the best newspapers in the Sooth. ' -Th* Attputt Chronicle caa be read ia a By fiooeehoid. It is free from sensationalism. THE TEMPERANCE WORKER, Kernot ed from (%?0I?&?fii'S. G. A Live,. Temperance ?&por, Pabfiehed- Sefln-moataiy ia Uacrer the Editorial masagement of RFF. H. T. CHKBITZBBB*, . at.w.c-jr. orno.SiT, os-s. e. Assisted by an able corps of Editora-. The patronage and influence of all friend* of Tesapasance- is solicited. Terms oaly 60 COT ta a year. To advertisers desiring a wide eircaiatiao, it offers an excellent medium. - N. G. OSTEEN, . FAblisbcr. CHARLESTON WRECKED Tnesdajr %ht, August 31. Principal business portion of the city in ruins. Hundreds of people homeless. Residences deserted and people encamp i ed in open places THE ?IRSt REPORTS. We are indebted to Mr. C. A. Calvo, ?f the Columbia Register, for the first iccount of the disaster at Charleston, elegraphic communication having been nterrupied between here and Charles on. The news was published in an ?xtra, from which the following is iopied : CHA?LESTON, S. C^, Sept. I.-There vas a terrible earthquake here last fight at 9.50. Principal business por? t?n of the city was destroyed and han? Ireds of persons rendered homeless, den were frantic and women were be eeching mercy from the Almighty The Main Station House, City Hall, hibernian Hall and many other well ?nowa public buildings, including St. dich ad's Church, are fearfully dam? aged. Many people are seriously, if not fa ally injured. .The streets are covered with masses >f fallen brick? and entangled with tele? graph and telephone wire. The first hock was the most severe. Most of he people with their families passed the light in the streets, and were afraid to inter their booses after morning dawn id. Fires broke out in the city in various >lace8 immediately after the earth make. Broad Street presented a scene of he utmost horror. Even women armed irith hatchets fought valiantly to relieve ;he. imprisoned unfortunates ; aud the light was made hideous with the groans >f the dying and screams of the wound id and prayers of the uninjured. At eight o'clock Wednesday morn io g, mother wave came over the city, com ng as did the last, from the Southeast. This is the only wave felt aie ce 2:30 i. tn.t and was not destructive, all the tem age having been done at 9:55 Tues lay night. Two-thirds of the residences of the >ity are uninhabitable. Between 50 md 100 people are killed, and seVsral lundred wounded. About 20 houses iave been destroyed by fire. Thc railroad is under water in in a ny places between here and Bs ven els, aud he earth is caved in, in many places. The city is wrapped in gloom, and busi? ness is entirely suspended People are .emaining in tents or improvised shel? ters and camped out again Wednesday sight, fearing a repetition of the shocks. The Gas works are injured and the city s in darkness. Hardly a house tn the city escaped injury aod many are so shaken and shattered that a hard blow would bring them to the ground. Fissures in the earth are noticed from which fine sand, apparently from a great iepth exudes-a sulphurous smell, is no? ticeable. At Summerville, Mt. Pleasant md Sullivans Island the shock was severe, bat no loss of life was reported. NEWS FROM OTHER POINTS. In Columbia the excitement was in? tense. A large political meeting was in progress in the Court House, and Mr. Abney was in the midst of an im? passioned speech when the shock was felt. The wildest terror seised the multitude and in the wild rash from the bouse many were braised and trampled. Several jumped from the windows, and one, a Mr. McNulty jumped from the front porch, dislocating his ankle and otherwise injuring himself. The Streets presented one mass of terror stricken humanity. Men, women md children huddled on the side walk, md as the. premonitory rumblings of sach shock were heard, would make a wild rash for the middle of the street, which seemed to be the only place of safety. Crowds satin the middleof the streets the entire night, and the physicians ?vere kept busy with fainting women md screaming children. A number of chimneys were thrown iown, while ma DJ brick buildings are injured. In Augusta the fright is almost as ?reat, as in Columbia, bat less damage was done. In New York, Washington, Cincin? nati, Memphis and other places a slight mock was felt but it is evident that Charleston was the centre of the dis? turbance. [From the Neve and Courier of September l.J The wild tremors of the earth which startled the people of Charleston early Friday morning were but the precur? sors of the ?nore terrible visitation which fell upon the city last night. About ten minutes past 10 o'clock, without a moment's warong, a subter? ranean roar was heard, buildings shook from garret to cellar, then the fearful noise growing louder and loader, build? ings swayed to and fro like trees m a storm, and then came the crash of tnmblicg houses, and, simultaneously mingling with these notes of horror, came.the shrieks and wailing of fright? ened women and children. Tb9se who nrshsd roto the streets were enveloped' in elend? of mortar and brick dust, and wherever the eye feU there were the fragments of buildings, torn and twisted telegraph wires- a ad general havoc. $$e&, wemea and chiir dren, many in their night apparel, rushed frantically fros? place to place seeking a spot where they mighr be safe from danger. The two first violent shocks whicn^ followed each other so closely that they . seemed as one, were of about thirty seconds'duration. They were succeed? ed, after an interval of about two minutes, by another shock, which; though sod a? severe as the first; was of sufficiebfc violence to canse a ppr sioDs that the work of destruction hottet done. frort innately, however, no damag suited from.this shock, nor yet froc three very, slight ones which foll at intervals, .varying from fi fte e: twenty minutes,;,,. , In many of the streets^ the gasl had been extinguished by tile coi sion, and the darkness, contrit greatly to increase the fears the general feeling of tineas among thc crowds of people left their habitations to seek sa in the open. In maoy places pr meetings were improvised, and at n a street corner could be seen knee groups of all ages and conditions, su? eating the Almighty to grant them m and protection in the hour of dange A strange scene presented itsei the City Hall Park. Here hundre< people had sought refuge, as no buildings were near, the crumb walls of which might endanger Hf limb. Here and there mattresses \ laid on the grass on which slumbt infants unconscious of the ten scenes enacted aroa nd them. In place lay afr old lady very ill f typhoid fever, whose condition been seriously aggravated by the ter of the night. All through the Weary hours, till dawned, the streets and parks f filled with frightened humanity, i dared not return to their homes, feat that a new convulsion might work e greater than the first. Within five minutes after the i shock the residents of the lower wai or sncb of them as Were able to get of their houses, were out on the stre< Remembering the description of eai quakes io other parts of the world, rush was at once made for the oj spaces. Washington Square was st crowded with women and children their night clothing and with meo h rying to render all the assistance po ble. As the time Went by the crowd creased. Stalwart men rushed into tottering houses and brought out halt, the lame and the blind. Otb rushed in for clothing and bedding 2 the Park was soon filled with a ero of panic stricken women and childrt To add to the horrors of the occas: the heavens were suddenly Illumina with bright blazes in three distinct p tions of the city-in the southwest, i west and the north. Engine No. came out and was driven in the dir tion of the fire in the southwestern p lion of the city. FIRES. A large fire at the corner of Yandi horst and King streets started rig after the earthquake shock and ? burning fiercely for about two hou At least ten houses were on fire, a all of them were completely bun Tbe fire still advanced and it appear as if the whole block would be bul down unless sufficient aid could be giv to the Fire Department. A serious fire broke out at the sent est corner of George and St Phil streets and two two-story houses, t one immediately ou the corner and t other next house east of it, were cot pletely destroyed. The two-story wooden building 487 King street, on the west side fa tween Vanderhorst and Warren street and occupied by Schiadaressi Bros. as fruit store, caught fire during the co vulsion and was burned to the groun The fire extended, before the arriv of the engines, to the two-story wood< building on the north side, occupied a clothidg store by L. L. Mintz, and the two-story brick tenement on tl south side occupied by Pr. W. R. Bul the dentist and Mrs. E. Meyers. One of the first fires that broke 01 was that which was caused by an ove turned lamp io a house on Blake stree About four houses at the corner 1 St. George and St. Philip streets wei burned. Most of the fires in different sectiot of the city were subdued by half-past o'clock save the one in King, nes Broad street, which continued briskly There was but one eogine available Fortunately the water mains were nc injured and there was an abundant sup ply of water, only the means of con ducting it to the fire were wanting. There was no wind blowing from lt P. M until nearly 3 o'clock, by whic! time the fire had been got under contre and the danger of a disastrous confia gration spared to the night of horror At that hour every park, square 0 vacant lot in the city was occupied b; people. It is safe to say that the wbol of Charleston passed the night out 0 doors. In many cases shattered house were revisited and children were pro vided with clothing and covering. That infinite mercy which seems tc be meted out to a stricken people sc tempered wind and weather that th< frightened and houseless people were spared many discomforts and hardships The dead were laid in the open air, the wounded were provided with temporary pallets in the lawns or on the streets, and every one waited patiently for the coming dawn, which would at least lighten the horrors of the occasion. The injury to private buildings h very severe. The patatial residences, near the battery as well as in many other parts of town have suffered great? ly, and many of them will doubtless have to be pulled down. THE SITUATION IN SUMMERVILLE. The horror of the situation in Sum merrilie on Wednesday was inuub in? tensified by certain manifestations that were not observed in Charleston to^any great extent. All during thc day tlrsre a constant series of detonations, now east, now west, and from all possible directions. It resembled tbe discharge of heavy guns at intervals of about ten minutes, and was like the sounds of a bombardment at a great distance. All these explosions were not accompanied by tremors of the earth, as it was only occasionally that the earth wou& quake from subterranean discharges. A re? markable fact was noted in Suomsorville in respect to the bulging of thc water from the interior of the earttt; nearly all of the wefts had been at low water. There was a sudden rise in all of these wells, and thc additional water was pure. Looking down into one of these wer!? the observer could, on-the eve of any of the loud detonations, see the water rise up tho walls of the Wells^ and after the shock again subside. The Morrow of the C&latnito?s Earthquake. fFrom the News and Coarier of September 3.7 There is but little to be added io the way of description of the earthquake to what was published in the News and ?ouAer on Wednesday. Necessarily, the only description that can be given consists in the narrative of the experi? ences and observations of individuals, and the subject being the same, abd the experience of all being nearly alike, the story told by one careful observer may well stand for a hundred others with slight variations. tl. Probably the best idea thai Cati be bad of the character of the disturbance, therefore, they may be obtained from a narrative of the events and scenes of Tuesday night as they were presented to a single person, leaving variety in the class of incidents and accidents to be found io the chapter of these Which is given elsewhere. While engaged in his usual duties in the second story rooms of the New? and Courier at the time of the first shock, the writers attention was vaguely at? tracted by a sound which seemed to come from the office below, and which was supposed fer a moment to be caused by the rapid rolling of a heavy body, as an iron safe, or a heavi? ly laden truck, over the floor. Accom? panying the sound, there was a percep? tible tremor of the building, not more marked) however, than would be caused by the passage of a car or a dray along the street. For perhaps two or three seconds the occurrence excited no sur? prise or comment. Then by swift de? grees, or perhaps all at coes, it is diffi? cult to say which, the soo nd deepeoed in volume> the tremor became more de? cided, the car caught the rattle of win? dow sashes, gas fixtures and other loose objects; the men in the office, with per? haps a simultaneous flash of recollection of the disturbance of the Friday before, glanced hurriedly at each other and sprang to their feet with startled ques? tion and answers-what is that? An earthquake! and theo all was bewilder? ment and confusion. Theo the long roll deepened and spreap into an awful roar?, that seemed to pervade at once the troubled earth and the still air above and around. The tremor was now a rude, rapid quiver that agitated the whole lofty, strong-walled building as though it were being shaken-shaken-by the hand of an immeasurable power, with intent to ! tear its joints asunder and scatter its stones and bricks abroad, as a tree casts its over-ripened fruit before the breath of the gale. There was no intermission in the vibration of the mighty subterranean en? gine. From the first to the last it was a continuous jar, only adding force at every moment, and as it approached and reached the climax of its manifesta? tion, lt seemed for a few terrible seconds that no work of human hands could pos? sibly survive the shocks. The floors were heaving under foot, the surround? ing walls and partitions visibly swayed to and fro, the crash of falling masses of stone and brick and mortar was heard overhead and without, the terrible roar filled the ears, and seemed to fill the mind and heart, dazing perception, bewildering thought, and for a few pauting breaths, or while you held your breath, in dread? ful anticipation of immediate and cruel death, you felt that life was already past, and waited for the end as the victim with bis heac\ on the block awaits the fall of the uplifted axe. It is not given to many men to look in the face of the Destroyer and yet live, but it is little tossy that the group ofstrong men who shared the experi? ence above faintly describee will carry with them the recollection of that supreme moment to their dying day. None expected to escape. A sudden rush was simultaneously made to en? deavor to attain the open air aod flee to a place of safety, but before the door Was reached all reeled together to the tottering wall and stopped, feel? ing that hope was vain-tba tit was only a question of death within the building or without, to be buried by the sinking roof of crushed by the toppling walls. The uproar slowly died away in seem? ing distance. The earth Was still and, oh ! the blessed relief of that stillness But how rudely the 6fleoce was bro? ken ! As we dashed down the stairway and out into the street, already on every side arose the sbrrefcs, the cries of pain : j and fear, the prayers and wailings of ! terrified women and children, commin- ? I gled with the hoarse shouts of excited meu. The airr was everywhere filled to the height of the houses, with a whitish cloud of dry, stifling dust arising from the lime and mortar and shattered ma? sonry which, falling upon the pavement and stone roadway, had been reduced to powder. Through this cloud, dense as a fog, tbe lamps flickered dintly, shed? ding bat little light, so that you stum? bled at e very step over the piles of brick or became entangled in the lines of the telegraph wires tbat depended in every direction from their broken supports. On every side were hurrying forftw of men and women, bareheaded, partially dresse^, a&? almost nude, and many of whom were crazed with fear or cicite- 1 ment. Here s woman is supported, half fainting, in the arms of her hus? band, who vainly tries to soothe her, while ho carries her into the open space, at the street corner, where present safe- : ty seems assured. There a wo orator lies prone on the pavement, with upturned face and outstretched limbs. And the crowd passes her by, for the time, not pausing to see whether she be a-Hve or dead. A sodden light flares through a win? dow overlooking the street. It becomes momentarily brighter, atrd a cry of "fire" resounds from tlie multitude. A rush- is made towards tho spot, a man is seen doubled up and helpless against the wall, but at Chis* moment, some? where-out at sea-overhead-deep in tbc.ground-is heartf again the low omi? nous roll* whicn is already too well known to be mistaken. It grows loud? er and nearer, like tlie growl of a wild beast swiftly approaching his prey, and j all is forgotten, again; in the frenzied j ' rush for tty? open space, where alone ' there is hope of security, faint tboi It be. The tall buildings on eit hand blot out the skies and the sta and seem to overhang every foot of ground between them. Their shat! ed cornices and copings, the tops their frowaiog walls, lie piled, fr both sides, to the centre of the stre tt seems that a touch now would se the shattered masses left standing do upon the people below, who look up them and shrink together as the tren of the earthquake again passes unt them, and the mysterious reverberate sWell aod roll along like some infer? drum-beat summoning them to die. passes away, and again is experienc the blessed feeling of ?eliVer?nee frc impending calamity, which it may w be believed, evokes a mute but ear DI offering of mingled prayer and thank giving from every heart in the thron Again, far along the street, and \ from the alleys that lead into it on eit er side, is heard that chorus of wailii and lamentation, which, though it h hot ceased, was scarcely noticed a m ment before. . It is a dreadful soun< the Bound of helpless, terror-strick< humanity, old and young, the stroi and feeble alike where all are so feebl calling for help from their felloW-cre tures, and raising their voices iii ai guished petition to heaven for mere when no human aid could avail. It is not a scone to be described 1 any mortal tongue or pen. It is not scene to be forgotten, when once it h: been witnessed* and when the witne has shared all its danger, and felt all i agony. The first shock occurred at seven mil ates of tee, as is still clearly indicate by the public clo oks, the hands on a of which stopped at that fateful hour, i if to mark the end of time for so mao who had heard the preceding hour pea forth by St. Michael's chimes without thought but of long and happy life The second shock, which Was but feint and brief echo of the first, was fe eight minutes later. The track of the earthquake is ver perceptible io Broad street. Thc build ing of the Chamber of Commerce is bael ly damaged ; the building of Walket Evans & Cogswell has also suffered while the heavy granite slabs whic formed the parapet of the ?fews an Couritr building lie upon the eidewal leaving the slate roof and a portion c the attic floor exposed. The Pleog building, at the corner of Church stree! was badly damaged. Most of the build ings On the street are more or les damaged, but the violence of the earth quake is most perceptible at the histori intersection of Broad and Mee tin streets. The Police Station is almost a com plete wreck. The City Itali apparently escape; serious damage, but is badly cracke< on the east wall? The Courthouse building is badi; damaged The Fire-proof building seems tt stand as firm as a rock, the gables o the north and south porches, however made of solid brown sand stone, havt been thrown down io the pavement bc low. The worst wreck in the locality, how ever, is St. Michael's Church, whicl seems to be doomed to destruction. The buildings between Meeting ant King streets are ali more or less dam aged, the effects of the earthquake be log the same in nearly every instance. From Queen street to Horlbeck's al? ley on King street, almost every house is shattered, the tops of the walls neai the roof being thrown down. from Horlbeck's alley to Market street the damage is not as great as it might have been. The Victoria Hotel ap? pears to have escaped, and the Acade? my of Music shows no signs of the earthquake, on the outside* at least. From Market to Hazel street the dam? age does not seem to be as great as io other portions of the city. The Waver? ly House is externally uninjured. The large red brick boarding-house, how? ever, immediately opposite and next south of the cerner of Beaufaio street, bas suffered badly, tbe top of tbe wall under the eaves hating been stripped off on all sides. . The handsome block of stores from Beaufain to Wentworth streets has been singularly preserved, very few of the Frenoh plate glass fronts being broken, although here and there a parapet is thrown down and bricks displaced from the walls. Masonic Temple seems to have escaped, and the damage to the buildings between this point and Cal? houn street seems not to be so great as far as outward appearances go. _ In Wentworth street the handsome hall of the German Artillery has been badly damaged. St. Peter's Church, and the old berman Catholic Church, occupied by St. Mary's school, as well as St. Peter's school on Society street, are badly wrecked. The Wentworth street lutheran Church is apparently uninjured. Both th's High School and the Freufnt dschaftsbund Hall are comparatively uninjured The building of She Charleston Water Works, in George street, rs uninjured, and so,- strange lo say, rs the immense three million gallon reservoir on the premises, although the brick house just opposite in George street, is badly damaged. The Charles? ton Hotel has tost the center portion of the parapet of the verandah, which was precipitated to thc sidewalk tal ow, ortfsfii'ng the two handsome lamps which stood at the main entrance of the hotel. Opposite this the store of Messrs. Ed? ward Ferry & Co. ts baily dsaaged. 'thc Pavilion Hotel has Tost'a portion of the parapet of the north wall, But ap? pears to be otherwise uninjured. Messrs. Cameron, Barkley & Co. have sustained serious IORS. The large oos'-sto?'y shed tc' the north of t'beir building is completely prostrated, While the walis of the niaiu building arc al? most wrenched7 apart. The saddest wreck of all is the Ven? erable St. Phillip's, which like St. Michael's appears to'have been almost? totally Wrecked'. The destruction Wrought in the i?t?ricr of the church-is" indescribable. Tlie iront portico of tEfe Medical College has fallen down. Atdong the poorer1 classes rt^ny fam? ilies arc rendered'homeless, and as soon as it is practicable means should be taken for their relief. The b?ildiDg known as the American'] Hotel, leased at present by Mr. M. * Archer, cornet of King and Geor^ streets is badly wrecked in the in ter io and net a room in the hotel is ?t to i Occupied. Explaining tbe Fhenomenot The Government Bayants ??ll A! They Know About the Bartl quake. WASHINGTON, Sept*. i.-The eartfc quake has b?eb a boon to the large an variegated assortment of savants, bot actual and alleged, who are workin under the Government in some capacit in this city. The Government is not h lng li nob scientific. It has a naval ob servatory, and a hydrographie bureau and a coast survey, and a geodet'. o "ir vey, and a geological survey, SB4 ; nautical almanac bureau, and th Smithsonian Institution, and the signa service. These bureaus are full of sci entino authorities of all sorts, and to day all the scientific authorities are ful of the earthquake. The most striking thing about their various explanation of the phenomenon is that no two o them are alike. Prof; Powell lays it ti a thinness ot a weakness Of the earth'; Crust hereabout ; Prof. Capen says i was caused by a conjunction cf cert aie heavenly eddies ; Prof. Xe wed nib sayi that the stars had nothing to do with it Prof. Asaph Hall took no official notice of it, and at the time of its occurrence be thought it must have been an ezplo sion of powder, while his wife aoc daughters were equally sure that it wat burglars under the bed. Lieut Powell of the GeologtcaL Survey thinks the earthquake had some mysterious con? nection With the recent bursting fortb of a hot spring in Montana. Othen advance different theories, and the col? umns of the local papers teem with bard words like 'seismometer,' 'monoclinal flexure,' and 'post quarte?ary.' The general impression derived from all this collection of wLdom ls that nobody knows anything certain about earth? quakes in a scientific sense. Major Powell, Director of the ?oited States Geological Survey, interviewed to-day, made the following statement : The earthquake was W?ll observed by Mr. W. J. McGee of the Geological Survey io the third (and opper) story of a brick house, 1,424 Corcoran street. After the culmination of the first shock the phenomena were timed. A rough substitute for a seismost?pe was Inipro vised^out of a tumbler of Water placed on a stand in the center of a room, and the high headboard of the bedstead served as a rude seismometer. The fol? lowing is the record : Time of culmination of the first shock (75th meridian), 9:54J P. M. ; diira don of first shock (estimated), 80 sec? onds ; time of termination of the same, 9:55 ; time of termination of slight tre? mors, 10:00 ; (several slight tremors followed, but were not timed) ; time of recommencement of continuous tremors, 10:08 ; time of culmination of the seo ond shook, 10.?9J ; duration of second shock, about 30 seconds ; time of termi? nation of second series of tremors, 10:13. AB indicated by the improvised seis moscope, the horizontal direction of vi? bration was from N. 80 degrees E., to E.-i. e.? a little north of east; bot there was an indeterminate vertical com? ponent io the undulation very percept? ible in the motions of liquids and of articles of furniture. Roughly, the up? ward impulse in eaeh vibration appear? ed to be a third or a half of.the lateral impulse. ;% The rate* o'/ vibration was measured on the high swinging headboard of a bedstead during the second shock and found to be 115 or 120 per minute. Puring the second shock the head? board, eight and one-half feet high, swung through an are of from one-half bo three-quarters of an inch. It Was estimated the amplitude of oscillation during the earlier shook was twice or thrice as great. Buring 1885 there Were recorded the following earthquakes in the United Statesand Canada: Canadian provinces, 8; New England, 5; Atlantic States, 9; Mississippi Valley, 3 ; Pacific slope, 34. Total, 59. During the twelve years, 1872-1883, there have been recorded ie the United States and Canada 364 earthquakes, distributed as follows j Atlantic slope, 147; Mississippi valley, 66; Pacific slope, 151. From this list it appears that hr the entire area earthquakes occur on an av? erage once in twelve days, and once a month in the Atlantic slope. Many of these disturbances are, however, so slight as to be unpreceived by tire ma? jority of the people ; and it should be observed that the list fe nroie complete iia the densely populated and frequently shaken Atlantio slope than in either the seldom shaken Mississippi valley or the sparsely populated Pacific slope. The explanation of earthquakes usu? ally accepted by geologists is something' like this : The earth is believed to be enclosed by a solid crust of rock of vari? able thickness io different regions. This crust rests Upon material ru a more or less fluid condition, so that it readily yields to agencies of deformation, like water or molten iron. The reasons for berretf'Dg Chat the inferior is in a some? what fluid condition are various. The most important are : 1. From very marny observations made irr mines, artesian Weils, Ac, it is discovered that there is an increase of temperature fr???the' surface downward, aad that this increase rs sc great that a degree of heat suf&cient to melt all known rocks is soon reached. 2. By certain* geographical agencies certain rocks from below arc brought tc thc surface iu mountain building, and' these rocks chow evidence of having been greatly heated1 and Oven of having boen melted. 3. Molten' matter ita very laVge quan? tities comes up from the interior of the earth through crevasses" aud' volcanic vents. Besides't'5'csc lines of evidence' there are matty accessory facts which' fell the same story. The interior of th'c earth is constantly losing heat iu a variety of ways. A small amount is probably conducted to the surface arid radiated into ?pace. A largo amount of beat is conveyed from the interior through" the agency of hot springs. Such springs are found iu many portiobs of tho knoWn earth, and io ? few districts are very abundan!, and t brough them much heat is COD ve ed from the interior to the surface whi< is there radiated into space. The lav that are br?tight up yield v?st Stores heat, all cf which is lost to the ear through radiation. The secular cool? which results from the above caus* must necessarily diminish the mago tnde of the earth, and as it shrinks ti solid exterior crust must in some mai ner yield so as to conform to the lessi magnitude thus produced. The stresses produced io the crust < the earth by the shrinking Of the int? rior are modified by another class * agencies. The Uno* surface of tl earth is washed by rains and rivers, an ibthe aggregate large bodies of mat( rial are carried away and deposited i lake bottoms, which are gradually Sile up, and especially deposited along th shores of the seas. The unloading < land areas and the* overloading of cei tain water areas to a large extent local izes it. Again, the fluid or plastic ma temi of thc interior changes its positio beneath the crest of the garth, and por tions of it flow oat &$ Uvas. Thu stresses ar? established through th agency of a contracting interior, throng loading and unloadiug at the surface and th rod g \ the flow of interior matt? to lava beds, where such matter is {Dour ed out upon the surface. The stresse produced by the various agencies thu described gradually become so grea that at last the crust of the earth mus yield and the earthquakes result. The occurrence of earthquakes io thc eastern portion of the United State; seems to be related in a very interest trig way to certain geological facts Ob served iii the region: At least a con siderable share of the Atlantic slop? earthquakes are supposed to have a se? quential, connection with a lina of dis placement passing through thc Caro linas, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and New Jersey. This line of displace? ment has for some time past been a sub je ct of investigation by the Geol?gica Sttrvey. to Georgia and the Carolina; it is represented by ? general sea ware tilting of the surface, unquestionably connected with subterranean move? ments ; and in Virginia this wides pre ac tilting begins to concentrate in a defi? nite line of displacement, which in the latitude of fredericks burg is ? gen'tit oionoclinal-i. e., the rock strat? tire there locally bent downward, and here ?s well as elsewhere along the displace? ment the ked toward the sea is depress? ed, and that toward the mountainy ii elevated. In the latitude of Washing? ton the dis placement become? either a close flexure or fracture, and lies in thc eastern branch. Its amount here is 80 feet. At the head of Chesapeake Baj the displacement is 100 feet; and it ap? pears to increase northward, reaching 200 or 300 feet io the lower Hudson valley. The wb?te of this movement has probably occurred io post quarter nary times and is still in progress. In? deed, it may be questioned whether any general orographic movement on any part of the earth's surface during any period of geologic time has been much mofe energetic and rapid than that now' taking place along the Atlantic slope ; and our comparative immunity from serious earthquakes here is to be attrib? uted not so much to absence of these great earth movements, resulting in the formation of mountain chains and even the upheaval of continents, as to the less profound depth of this great dis? placement than those of mountain re? gions, ?nd especially to the fail that DO volcanic venta have been1 established._ Prof. Menclenhall of the signal ser? vice, who has made a study of earth? quake's for many years, and has felt the shock of a Dumber of severe'?ftes in Japan, says that of last night, while not especially-severe, wa?, nevertheless, the worst be ever experienced in this country. He expresses surprise at the wide extern of the phenomenon, and thinks it likely that when the reports are all la it will be found that the area affected is larger iha? that of aoy pre? vious earthquake of which there is a record, tfpon a globe ten inches in diameter, he says, one can usually cover the area of an earthquake-eveo a severe one-with the end of his little finger, but this one seems t? bav?, af? fected half a continent, and we don't know how much more. Lieut. Fowell, of tho signal service expresses tho opinion that the renewed activity of a great geyser ia Yellow? stone Fsrk which,, after a state of qut essence for four years, began spouting vigorously yesterday or the day before, is a manifestation of the same power which caused the earthquake. The reports received from signal ser? vice observers up- to noon to-day are tob' few in number to form a b?sr?[ from which to calculate the ex te n't" cr general character of the phenomenon, but in? structions have b??n' g?ven to" observ? ers generally to send in their reports upon the subject at ance, and special in? structions have been given to' tte ob? servers at Cbarlestoo to send very fully all the details. Prof. W. J. rfct?ee of the geological Survey, leavesf fo'-nrght fer Charleston, Sf. C., to make a scientific study of the effects of the earthquake at what now appears to havo been the center of the disturbance. BOSTC??. Sept. f ~Prof! ?. S. Shalcr, the well-known geologist, when asked about the great earthquake to-day, corn-' cided in the view taken by Major ?W e??,- regaxdfcg the fracture rn1 the earth's crust atong thc Atlantic c?ast. He be? lieved thc chief seat of the'disturbance to be e-n- land, anti near Charleston. If it began under the floor of the Atlantic' fhere would be more or less" of a tidal wave on the South Atlantic coast, 'fbis was almost certain to follow a sfcbek having its origin' u?der a sea bottom. While violent, doubtless, a?ft? possibly more severe than Has ever' been felt on the Atlantic coast of North JhAerica for years, still it was so-sign that tbis part of the country was going to become sub? ject to earthquakes. It would take only a slight movement cf thc" earth's' crust to cause an earthqfcalrs ftt??y as violent or moT so than the one last night;. A settling Or displacement of tbe ltttfer strata onb-tenth1 of a*n rncfr would effect a trembling of tn'c g'fOutid that tfotild bb Mt over au sr?a moth larger1 than that cf tb* knited' Stares. | The im mediate cause Of this shock, like I that of any other similar shock, except ! that attending a volcanic eruption, is uncertain. During volcanic eruption* the explosion of gas, forcing ita way through th^ ^te?^r?m-^ In^tOT, easily accounts for the shocks*: but these like.the results of ans localexplojjon a gunpowder house for io^aBceT^Would affect only a limited district, ai^^d.ibo disturbed center. Eartbo^kes, he said, are not a rarity, l&f% ^ oiet a thousand of them i?' o^rc^ far^of ' the world daily, but very.; fe^.aT4>?#wer felt. The ni dst disastrous tbookscJAre riot always the.most vip^ot^ ^Shocks that came continuously from opp direc? tion, imparting ? swaying, vibrating motion, like that te-a pend?t?w;Srcre the^nes which caused the bai^iog?fe?t to.rock, and then to fall, ;^U--ear? quake seemed to be o(theJaJt?r natal?, and Was due, doubtless,, .to a slight set? tle t?ent of th? fewer ro?^s. "al?n^"the line of displacement,, referred ~ to t>y Major Powell, - having jts^ beginning near Charleston. This settling of the ground was the result most likely o| a continuons irregular : contracting and expansion df the crust in winter and summer, finally resulting in ? slight give away along thCentii^^ack... T??EAET?'S CR??i T?CK ANDSTRONG. LONDON, Sept. ? .-^Principal; Raw? son of the McGill. .College* Montre*!, delivered the Presidential address ^be? fore the British Association in the Town t?all at Birmingham this evemr%, dealing mainly with the subject of ibe gs ?l?gl?ai form arion of the bed of the Atlantic, Ind climatic influences on the distribution of water on the surface of the globe., ,. ;.. .... ~C7??0* Ile fd vii red .tlie theory that the kernel of the earth is solid, but thatiheroris liquid betwe?n^the kernel a^-the-aar face " "TH? crust, .the earth, be.said, i?: thicker ?n^d;>frdng?r At-. ?r?ft af* fordi ng- ? guarantee of "its pefm'anencV, * add toe history: of ocean and continent is an\. example, of progressive: design equally with the History of livingb&n$a. is the Moon inhabited* tl HAS BEEN DLSC0VEBBO TO BI THE ABOCE OF L?Y??Q, INTELLIGENT MIN. We have long thoughtit was ort. But a discovery has recently been made whick* may canse the greatest sensation, not onlyj^moo^t^ but even 7 auio'ng^ jheV. mosUlearned. Professor BleodrMnn has found, be ye ii nd a doubt, that our dear old friend is not a mere lantern whjch_4t^dly furnishes light for the lovm'g youth and the gas comp^oiei of bur pIar???btrtTS really the abode of .. Hvmg, ioteHig??i beings, for which he is prepared^to furnish proofs most ct??viociog. JfhQ celebrated astronomer, Schroder, tn to? begtu?i?g. of- Cfi? 'preset1 cefltwr?^ fancied that he could'detect ^aces^? the. s ?rf ace of -the moon, whte& period? ically grew lighter and darker, ?udjtptp. this fact he derived the coddusion^thas the phenome?of? was proof ct ?'xisfip? vegetation. During tHa' ?ft" ;-f<rtr decades, however, the ide? of life on the moon has been held up,toV ridimUp; and totally scorned by mea' at leanumg. But nevertheless, ft ' may yet. be proved to' be correct. By accident, fir.?Bfend mann found thet ~ cte?ri?f??nB - of ^e" moon, gave ; but ; .ver? t?iraaiwf?otory' results, owing, very probably* J&?? i?tensrty. of ,tbe; light power. pt^Qc moon's ?i??^^et? f^?i? is" so. srfoflg that it affects tn? correctness' of th? observations in ? very high decree. He then conceived-the ideato mifc&tys object glass of the refractor les?; ac ac? tive to the ra*j^ of jijgibt, .tai ,ibr that purpose Be' oa^ened fr wi$|^t&4 smoke of camphor, lt tobi" " #dn%sf of expermFontfo]* [Wt?t? "he" Ytf&e%aid iu Soding bl? r?g?it.degreeot ?b?amMf of the glass; and when finally-fouad^?e then, with the refractor, took.a ye?y accurate photo' of t?te' ntootft? strrfac?. scope, which gave the 'picture a diame? ter of fifty-five and a' half feet:. The revelation was most startling, lt per? fectly overturned all* hitherto' entertain? ed ideas'of the moon's" SUT fate. Those le'v?f plains" filch', formerly, were a&? to be oceans of water,- proved (o' fro* verdant field's,-and what formerly wfcs considered mountains turned out Jas deserts of sWd ?t?d _ ocean?, of tfii?ir. Towns a^dmh'ab?tanWof all k??Swer?,i p???nry discernible, as wel? as stgrrs'of industry and traffic. The learned; pro? fessor's study and observations of old! Luna will be repeated every f?fl t?titfti when the sky is clear, atd we yetiiafe* to predict that the time is not'far off when we shall know more about ~?oe man in the moon than ai being mw agent in love and poKticsY in This reads like ono. ct S?lual?an'? novels'. - jurr*^""' *****e ? ?if of ago nty waywalrdf fkei carried coy body into the suborne-' ?bo} to a chewing-gum factory. -T???*e* I g'o? s?nrs Mea? of an induatrj ?frat; thrives on penny sales and tho remorse? less energy of American jaw& \ Tn ?he place ? saw half a d:ozen' huge blocks cf marble gum, o?r' ]fSSn^et?Ar-''i?x? E?aeh weighed abo ut one hundred{HM?ds. a'nd was;, almost ii^e pure perite?fen' 'stoTiie, dear to ti&fe' old. sc ?ipi of's" ?$?jt??? hand'. Am? rt was ?bsO^?el^?C?epP&d. ?tforiess\ Jt fe# W?e2^ a]gb: fl& stuff lay in one of the huge tania- near t#?' oil wells of Pen-osylvania, ;, ^d?%, greenish brown fluid wit]i, tbe consist encj of b^d' mud and the smeff o? v $uc-factory: Then it^was' crai?Jo?l, but since that it bad bees' in a tuftwbil and through 'stirring tiuiesJ arid chemi? cal processes. From it had b?f?'i;.-ex tracted a lot of kerosene, a$t?os?.aa' much naphtha, not' ti f?ttfe benzine, plenty of tar and a lot of vafeare, *But technically named, affairs tba*i are'out of reach. Anyway, the guw wax was left, and it was ix that ? saw',.cleanaaa an ideal farmer's bed-chamber, andras orderless as a civil service reformer's record. Inf?r? it hecate* the chfewTng gum of otfr frfetfds it bad t?o be mclrid, flavored,- sWe?t?ned and 'put np ia fanciful array. Then the one hundred pounds blofcic w?iild app??r in ffve thousand penny Oakes, a^d I ant* ?6M that 6ve hundred of th?is? one bundrel pOuhd blocks are u?sed ib each week?of the history of Col?'mb^*the,^ff?of the ocean,' etc. ?t's t?agh-the fact, nvt the gum.-C!tf&.;l? Pt?indea?r.