The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, November 09, 1922, Image 6
FARM DEMONSTRATION
Edited by T. 1
KILL NEXT YEAR'S
WEEVILS NOW
Destroy Cotton Stalks Thoroughly
And Clean the Fields
Well.
Cleaning: of the fields, the destruction
of the stalks, and the planting
r\f oAvor cvnnc cnnstitutp. the most
powerful weapons for-weevil fighting
now in the hands of the farmer. By
efficient fall farm management the
farmer can dictate to a great extent1
how many weevils shall pass the
winter on the farm.
Though much warning has already,
been given about stalk destruction,
many farmers are apparently not convinced
of the need for immediate stalk
destruction, and do not realize that
this is practically the most important
single step in any system of fighting 1
the weevil. I
Boll weevils multiply in cotton until
frost kills it. Many thousands
of weevils may occur in each acre ;
of cotton. Weevils hibernate, that I
is they pass the winter, only in the j
etairo Uihomation usual
J.U11 ^ iv?> H OVU(^Vt .
ly begins with the coming of the
first killing frost. They hibernate
principally in coton fields, and standing
stalks make for them splendid
winter homes.
The most favorable condition, therefore,
for the successful hibernation
for boll weevils is found in fields
where the cotton stalks, grass, weeds,
dead leaves, etc., are left during the
winter. Under such conditions the
farmers may expect the greatest
ni*nb<-:r of weevils to survive the
winter. There is little prospect for
successful cotton growing under such
conditions.
The earlier the coton stalks are
destroyed, the fewer the weevils that
will survive the winter, and consequently
the smaller the damage* to
the net crop. As xfar as possible,
the stalks should be destroyed two
weeks before the first killing frost.
In some sections the stalks are
uproted, piled and burned. This
method is a very serious disadvant
age in destroying a large amount
of vegetable mater which should be
turned under. Whenever the farmer
is equipped with plows and mules
so that the stalks may be turned
under five to six inches after they
have been cut down with the chopper,
it is a very effective plan. A
less effective method is to graze off
all green coton within a period of
a few days. Whatever method one
employs, the destruction of stalks
must be thorough.
The following are a few of the
many advantages 3ecured from cleaning
the fields and destroying the
.stalks.
1. A great many full grown wee
vils are killed outright.
2. Many young stages in the
plants are killed.
The full grown weevils not killed
are weakened by starvation if the
rtalks are destroyed two to three
weeks before the first frost and
these will not have sufficient strength
to pass the winter successfully.
v 4. fee removal of the stalks facilitates
fall plowing and the plant- .
ing of cover crops.
5. This fall cleaning program is ,
also of the greatest benefit generally
in destroying the winter homes
and the winter food plants of other ,
injurious pests of the farm. .
DESTROY THE WEEVIL'S
WINTER RESORTS.
i
The Earlier The Better?But Bet- ,
ter Late Than (
The earlier cotton stalks and other
hibernating places are destroyed, the ,
fewer weevils will survive the winter.
In infested fields it is common to ,
find weevils at the rate of 5,000 to |
" 25,000 per acre at the time of first
frost. It is a well known fact, the
weevils developing late in the fall are
the ones most likely to survive the
winter, i,s they are not worn out by
long flights and the rearing of the
young, a>5 are the older weevils. For
this reason development of weevils
in late fall must be prevented as
the first step in making the next
crop.
An interesting point in this connection
is the fact that experiments
* 4-It <-.4- AAf _
lQ XAUli ana suuncu mat mien vvtton
stacks were destroyed before
I October 15, only 3 per cent, of the
" weevils survived the winter, whereas
destruction of stalks on October
27 allowed 15 per cent, to survive;
November 25, 22 per cent.; December
27, 29 per cent.; between December
15 anc} January 15, 43 per cent. It
is clear, therefore, that the earlier
the stalks are destroyed, the more
effective the results will be, but that
where early destruction is impossible,
it is better late than never.
/
The p'anting of a winter cover
crop in he present cotton fields is
also ur ed as a most important
V
AGENT'S DEPARTMENT 1
1
]
M. Cathcart. . ]
______ 1
means of weevil destruction, since
weevils can not live through the .
winter in a growing cover crop, such .
as rye, oats and vetch, or clover, for ,
the reason that in order to survive
the winter the weevil must "dry out"
to the extent of losing one-third of
his body moisture and this he can
not do in a field where a cover crop
is growing. Cotton stalks not plowed
under or burned in a field to be ^
planted to a cover crop should be
cut to pieces and thrown to the
ground as early as possible by a
stalk cutter so that they may be
covered by the growing cover crop
and thus absorb moisture, which t
means death to the weevil.
Still another step which should be i
taken now is the cleaning up of ditch i
banks, fence rows, and other places
where rubbish and trash accumulate
in and around the fields.
Community Cooperation Against the ,
Weevil.
The fall destruction of stalks to- t
gether with fall cleaning has long (
been recognized as one of the most t
important steps in controlling the \
weevil for the succeeding season, and ?
although a farmer practicing this by t
himself obtains important benefit }
from it, the great need for com- }
munity cooperation in this work can r
not be over-estimated. While it is
a well known fact that the weevil j
will have his fall migration period
from year to year, yet this pest mi- ^
grates more or less at other sea- t
sons of the year. After the cotton j
is destroyed by frost, the pest mi- s
grates to find suitable winter quar- f
ters and of course in the spring it
muct again migrate more or less to ^
find cotton fields for food. For this j
reasori the greatest amount pf bene- v
fit for this' operation is obtained j.
where farmers of a comunity band j
together and carrmy out a defihite t
fall destruction and farm cleaning s
program. <]
The earlier in the fall this is done c
the more effective it will be. Cot- g
ton picking should be rushed as fast
as possible and no time should be ]
lost in getting this program in oper- ^
ation. v
r
What Texas Says About Destroying .
Ot.lU
V/Oiiun oituu. t
The Extension Service of Clemson
College has been preaching the fall t
and winter clean-up of cotton fields 1
and hibernating places of the boll
weevil as one of the most effective c
measures of weevil control. To show \
that this is advocated and practiced t
in Texas, the greatest cotton-produc- t
ing state, the following article is (
quoted from the Texas Extension <j
Service Farm News. s
Present conditions in South Caro- t
lina favor such a clean-up for in all c
parts of the state cotton picking is e
already practically completed, and t
farmers can turn atention to stalk
destruction. The earlier the clean-up r
the more effective will be the weevil t
control. a
Read These Twenty Statements From a
Texas. r
1. Weevil infestation, in spring, 1,
starts from the few weevils that pass
the winter. xi
2. The weevils, developing late in r
the fall, are the ones most likely to b
survive the winter. v
3. Many weevils will survive the r
winter in fields where cotton stalks, t
together with grass, weeds and oth- fer
refuse material offering shelter, a
are allowed to remain. b
4. Great numbers successfully pass l
the winter in Spanish moss and in
dead gras aongsl fences, ditches and ri
other waste places. c
5. Weevil eats only cotton. i:
6. The weevil breeds only in q
squares and bolls. (
7. The weevil can live for sev- a
eral months without food while hi- f
bernating and inactive.. o
8. It does not become inactive
until the first killing frosts. J
9. Previous to the first killing e
frosts, it can live for only about six s
days without food. 1
10. Killing cotton growth early a
prevents new weevils breeding and $
permits only the older ones to enter
hibernation. 1
11. Very few of these older wee- c
vils have sufficient vitality to pass t
the winter successfully. t
12. Killing cotton growth early i
removes the food of the weevil. If f
the growth of coton is entirely kill- 1
ed as early as two weeKs oeiore t
frosts, practically all weevils will '
starve before going into winter
quarters. t
13. Destroy cotton growth early; s
if possible, by October 1. ,
14. Merely chopping or clipping ]
the stalks will not answer, the f
stumps will throw out new growth t
ideal for weevil food. \
15. Kill the plant entirely and ]
prevent new growth by setting a i
plow shallow and turning out the t
plants, or by some equally effective ?
means. (
16. Do not bum crop refuse on
:he fields. Texas farms need this
returned to the spil humus. Merey
killing the plants as suggested in
\To. 15, will, in most cases, secure
he benefit aimed at.
17. Burn the trash along fences,
litches and other such waste places,
n mid-winter, and thus destroy the
ndividuals hibernating there (see
S'os. 4 and 16).
18. A farmer cannot prevent weeds
coming to his cotton in the spring
hat another person has wintered.
JO. Big things are accomplished
inly by cooperation.
20. Oiganize o whole community
'or the fight.
o
A Red Cross Story.
Far up among the fastnesses of
he Cumberland Mountains a loyal,
latient hill woman watched her hus>and
slowly die from tuberculosis,
irought on by his being gassed in the
Vigonne offensive. A heavy cold
aught during the trip home and cold,
lamp and malnutrition were speeding
lim toward the grave, aiding the raviges
of tuberculosis.
Ignorant of the impending tragedy,
liree young children and a baby had
inly a sack of coffee and some com
>etween them and starvation. ine
lusband could do nothing save lie on
i ragged blanket all day and watch
he sunbeams play about the peaks of
lis beloved mountains. The nearest
lumans were at the village store, five
niles across the mountains. Not
wen the mail man came to see the
ittle family.
The mountain mind has a certain
pand simplicity almost unknown in
his day when everything has its
>rice. It never occurred to the exervice
man to ask his government
or assistance. His country had callid
him in time of need and he had
p>ne. Comrades had given their all
n the trenches and on the sea. He
vas making the final sacrifice at
lome. In the end it was all the same.
I bit hard on his mountain mate and
he kids. But women and children
ilways had the worst of it in war.
rhus he reflected through the long
lays and nights as he lay on the
ihabby blanket by the cabin door.
But news travels, even in the thin-,
y populated mountain country. The
ale of the family's plight came eventlally
to a Red Cross worker in a town
learly a score of miles away. She
i t 1
>rompuy sauaiea ner nun*, iuoucu
he saddle bags with flour, fruits,
vegetables and rode over the mounains
to the humble cabin which was
lome to the man and his family.
Holding the tiny skeleton victim
>f malnutrition in her arms, the trou>le-worn
wife met the Red Cross at
he door. The other children were
00 weak to rise and greet the new:omer,
the first visitor since their
laddy had come back from over the
iea. Only the dying husband musered
a smile because of the Red Cross
in her uniform, which he had learnid
to recognize through the weary
rials of the war.
The Red Cross worker spent the
light, soothing and ministering to
he patient. The children were given
1 wholesome meal, their first in days
md weeks. She comforted the worded
and heart-sick little wife and
ent her money for groceries.
She learned that the man had 'filed
10. claim for compensation, tie aiai't
know he rated it, ha panted. But
te was right glad, on account of his
rife. The next morning the worker
ode back along the mountain trail
0 send th^ claim papers she had
illed out to Washington. They went
ind eventually compensation came
ack. Sixteen hundred and fifty dol- J
ars back pay for total disability.
But it came too late. The humble
nountaineer who had given his all |
heerfully for his country was restng
in fifteen feet of mountain earth,
lie gentle ministratiohs of the Red
>oss worker had only made the way
1 little easier. Back went the check,
or not even the government can pay
ut money to the dead.
But the Red Cross was not through.
I home was found for the three oldx
children and the mother and babe
ent to a hospital for a few weeks.
[Tie worker then found a job for her,
it which she could earn enough to
upport herself and the baby.
This was but one of more than
50,000 instances in which wives and
hildren of ex-service men, and men
hemevsles of course, were aided by.
he Red Cross through its chapters
n the Southern Division during the
irst seven months of 1922. Many
ives have been put back on the l ight
rack by timely assistance from the
'Greatest Mother."
In the hospitals of the veterans'
jureau scattered through the eight
fofoc ?nmnriftincr the Southern Di
vision, Florida, Alabama, Georgia,
Louisiana, Mississippi, North and
South Carolina, there are several
;housands of disabled ex-service men
vhose otherwise monotonous lives of
3ain are brightened by Red Cross
nedical social workers and their ac:ivities.
Nearly $200,000 is being
?pent this year by the American Red
Sross in veterans' hospitals of the
V A
South for the comfort of the men
and their families.
The need of this fund is clearly
to be seen. 'A man's wife may come
to the hospital to see him, having no
money for the return journey. Sometimes
she has no me?hs to pay her
expenses while in the hospital town.
Here is where the Red Cross steps
in with its medical social sen-ice.
The government authorities at the
hospital cannot make a loan to the
man's family. The Red Cross can
and does, taking the man's note without
interest, of course, to be repaid
from his compensation check. Thus
suffering and humiliation to the man
and his wife are averted.
This work must go on. Not only
in the mountains, but in the little settlements
back from the railroads of
your and my Southland are families
of men and men themselves who
were disabled in service, who need
treatment and who are rightfully
entitled to compensation .from the
government. The Red Cross has been
commissioned by the government to
carry on in this work. Funds for this
work are being sought during the
Annual Roll Call, November 11 to 30,
when every citizen will be asked to
join the organization.
o
A meeting of the executive body of
the colored state fair came to an
abrupt end in Columbia Saturday
morning, when C. G. Garrett, editor
of a negro newspaper, "The Light,"
made an attack at Rev. W. B. Chappelle,
Bishop of the African Methodist
church, bringing to a head a
"warfare" that h?s been waging between
the "Light" and the bishop
for years. The fight followed an
argument as to a bill for advertising
of the fair, presented by Garrett.
As a result of the altercation, Garrett
was expelled from the board 01
control of the colored fair, by a unanimous
vote. Bishop Chappelle repaired
himself to an oculist and bought
a new pair of glasses, to replace those
broken in the fray. Garrett was ar
I COl>CUt
o
As the result of an explosion which
occurred at a "moonshine" still last
Saturday morning on John's Island,
near Grimball's plantation, Tyre Middleton
sustained injuries which caused
his death suddenly at the Roper
Hospital.
Typewriter Supplies.
Users of Typewriters will find a
full stock of ribbons, corbon paper,
second sheets and typewriters paper
at The County Record Office. tf.
I Ant
I $50Redi
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Every improvement of an1
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