The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, August 17, 1922, Image 12
Fight the Cottoa Leaf Wom.
By B. R. Co ad.
During the last week of July the
Delta Laboratory began to receive
scattered reports of the cotton leaf!
worm or, as it is sometimes called, j
the cotton army worm (Alabama,
argillacea Hubn.) from the states of,
Louisiana and Texas. These reports
have increased rapidly until it is;
now obvious that we may expect se- ]
-ious trouble from this pest in the'
next few weeks. This species does'
not overwinter in the United States.
It is a native of tropical America and
as the adult moth is a very powerful
flier, it migrates into the United
States whenever it reiiches a degree
of great abundance in its native home.
Normally the first generation produced
by the migrating moths in the
United States is limited to the southwestern
coastal regions of the Gulf
of Mexico,and is not sufficiently
abundant to do serious damage. The
progeny of this generation move
northward and eastward, and as a
rule, by the third generation, the entire
cotton belt is infested. Generally
these generations are fairly well
defined. The present infestation,
however, is very peculiar in that the
first generation has spread over a
remarkably large territory and in unusual
abundance. Reports to date
show the state of Louisiana to be
compJeteJy miestea, ana me majority
of Texas is likewise. At least the
southern half of Arkansas is now infested,
and a scattering occurs practically
all over the state of Mississippi.
In addition, scattering reports
have been secured from southwestern
Tennessee and western Alabama.
Throughout much of this territory
the worms have already reached defoliating
abundance and are seriously
injuring the cotton in local spots,
which is very unusual for the first
generation and indicates an abnormally
heavy infestation in the next
generation, which may be expected
to start to develop within the next
ten days. In addition an examination
of a majority of fields shows a
rem rkable variation in the size of
the ;*orms, the same fipid often yielding
all stages from newly hatched to
fully matured ones which have webbed
up. This seems to indicate a
continual immigration of moths and
tae prooaoimy OI more ui icaa wu?tinoas
damage of a rapidly increasing
nature, rather than distinct generations
as has usually been the case in
the past.
Possibility of Damage.
The question of just how much
damage these worms can do is a very
important one in determining on control
measures. At some points the
cotton crop is already so mature that
the worms can do little or no harm,
but this area is very limited. The
majority of the territory where the
worms are now present in defoliating
abundance is still susceptible to
serious injury. Of course, the heayiest
invasion will not develop for
some two weeks yet, and there will
be much more cotton which will be
1 1 J fiwo Untr.
oeyjnu uauiagc at, uuib wu?. ??.
eve-, there will still be an enormous
amount of cotton which can be seriously
injured by the worms even
after the first of September, owing
to the fact that so much of the cotton
crop is from one to three weeks,
late in maturity. The question of
whether or not to attempt to control
the worms is going to be an individual
one for each grower to decide.
Many fields are already so thoroughly
infested with weevils that defoliation
by the worms can do no harm,
and many more fields will reach this
condition within the next two weeks.
Before deciding on whether or not
to poison the worms the grower should
examine His fields closely and note
especially the condition of the bolls.
If there are many bolls present less
them two-thirds grown and still uninfssted
with weevils, and the worms
start operations in threatening numbers,
it will generally pay to poison
them. Of course, when a field is
completely infested by weevils and
practically all of the younger bolls
punctured, defoliation by worms is
really more of a benefit than a harm,
but it should always be remembered
that defoliation by worms forces
premature opening of many bolls
and furthermore, discolors much of
the cotton, generally very seriously
reducing the grade. On the other
hand, in very rank cotton in the districts
which have been receiving an
ercessive rainfall, there is now a considerable
amount of boll rot, and under
such conditions it is often better
to permit the worms to defoliate the
plants, allowing the sunshine to penetrate
to the lower bolls and thus stop
this rotting.
On account of the unusually threatening
nature of this invasion, everyone
should watch his cotton crop
very closely for the first appearance
of the worms, and whenever they are1
found in threatening numbers in a
field, where conditions will justify
poisoning, control should be started
immediately rather than waiting a
few days, when much of the cotton
wiil be stripped, making it much more
difficult to poison the worms. Judging
from present prospects, worms
will probably be found in serious num- j <
bers all over the cotton belt within :
the next two or three weeks, and a ?
tremendous acreage will still be sus-.
ceptible to serious damage at that!<
time. j:
Poisons to Use for Worm Control.
The leaf worm is very susceptible
to control by the use of arsenial poisons,
but the unfortunate feature of
the situation is the fact that the unprecedented
demand for calcium arsenate
for controlling the boll weevil ;
this year has not only consumed the 1
stocks of chemicals which can be '
used for leaf worm control, and find
an alarming shortage. Considering
every chemical which can be used,
there is probably not to exceed three j1
million pounds available, and this jJ
will be far short of the amount need- :
ed if the present indicated infesta- '
.involnnc X rnrinn.-ativelv small .
amount of this material is available j1
in the south now, but manufacturers J
have been notified of the emergency i1
and the majority of stocks are al- 1
ready rolling soutpward.
In the early days Paris green was '
first adopted as a means of leaf worm
control This gave very satisfactory
control, but always produced more or !
less burning of the cotton plant, which
was undesirable though not nearly '
as serious as the leaf worm damage. J
Later, when powdered lead arsenate 1
was developed, it was very largely i1
adopted for the same purpose withj1
very satisfactory results. It did not|3
burn the cotton plants in the slight- 1
est and stuck to the plants better
than Paris green, but unfortunately
was not as poisonous to the worms. (
In the past few years calcium arse
nate has been used very extensively "
for worm control, with very satisfactory
results. It is not injurious to
the cotton plant and is very nearly
as poisonous to the worms as Paris J
green and much more so than lead
arsenate, In addition, however, there 1
are a large variety of other arsenicals :
which can be used for leaf worm control
with satisfactory results. These
include such as zinc arsenate, mag- ,
nesium arsenate, London purple and ]
numerous other trade mixtures of
arsenicals. In view of the present
shortage, it is going to be necessary
and advisable for the farmer to take k
practically any one of these which '
can be secured, and any of them will;
accomplish satisfactory leaf worm
control. The only arsenicals which
should be avoided are the highly
soluble ones, such as sodium and potassium
arsenate, and arsenite, which
are very injurious to the plants. The '
following outline covers the manner
>" ftiociv matorialc ehnilM hp '
Ill niUVU V11VOC UAMWAAtMW W?W M.*. ^
used:
Calcium arsenate should be applied
at the rate of about three or four
pounds per acre, either straight or
diluted with one part of lime.
Lead arsenate should be applied
without dilution at the rate of four i
to five pounds per acre. 1
Paris green should always be mix- I
ed in the following proportions: 1 i
part Paris green, 1 part flour, and I
from 1 to 5 parts of lime. The flour ]
will make the mixture stick to the i
plant and the lime will reduce the I
chance of plant injury. The mixture 1
should be used at such a rate that i
about two pounds of Paris green per I
acre will be applied. >
London purple should be used in
the same manner as Paris green.
.Magnesium arsenate should be used ,
straight or mixed with 1 part of lime, j
at the rate of about 5 pounds of ;
poison per acre.
Zinc arsenate should be used with
Double Wear ft
v
Although Kewpie Twin sho
the ordinary kind, thcv pi
the yearly bill for children
After the shoes begin to \
them to the factory and ha
wmv out
| for $
Here is a reproduction from an :
Juvenile shoes as received by us.
same shoes after they have new
tically good as new.
ttncu*d?bc?.
I _ _|I_ wI practical'./ I
l\\tWP//S Pah* i tr litt
j \nf m6STB
one part of lime and applied at thell
rate of about four pounds per acre
of the poison.
The other miscellaneous arsenicais
generally contain some soluble arsenic,
and it is better to use them with
the addition of one or two parts of
lime, as a safeguard against plant
injury.
Methods of Applying Poisons.
The old standard method for treating
the cotton leaf worm is the "bag
and pole" with which everyone is familiar,
and this is still good whenever
other equipment is not available.
Practically all of these chemicals can
be applied with the bag and pole,
but it should be remembered that such
chemicals as lead arsenate, calcium
arsenate, etc., are of a more sticky
nature than Paris green, and consequently
the bags for applying these
should be made of cloth of a more
open weave than those used for Paris
green. In addition, any standard
cotton dusting machine ordinarily
used for boll weevil control can be
used for the leaf worm also. In some
districts supplies cf liquid sprayers
are available, and the majority of
these chemicals can be applied in the
spray form with very good success.
Whenever possible, dusting should be
done when the air is calm and the
plants are moist, but in case of absolute
emergency fairly satisfactory
results can be secured by dusting
throughout the day, especially if dusting
machinery is available for use
rather than the bag and pole.
The present outbreak of the leaf
worm is in some localities complicated
by an outbreak of the fall army
worm or grass worm (Laphygma
frugiperda.) The presence of the
latter worm can usually be noted by
the fact that it. has a tendency to
bore into bolls and squares, eating
a large hole through the outside and
then practically hollowing out the
interior. This worm is not quite as
susceptible to poisoning as the leaf
worm, but present reports indicate '
that the poisoning being done for (
leaf worm control is also accomplishing
a fair degree of success in controlling
the grass worm.
This laboratory is attempting to
maintain as close a check as possible
on supplies or arsenicals, and this
information will be kept up to date.
Owing to the shortage of such materials,
anyone planning to poison
the worm is advised to locate supplies
just as soon as possible after
the need is evident, and when unable '
to locate any nearby stocks this lab
. ?in i_ _ _i_j .*?
oratory win ue gi?u w iu ?n.?
way possible in advising of the nearest
source of supply. Furthermore,
this information can frequently be
secured from your state entomologist.
?
Extracts for Sale.
Ladies of the Civic League have
i lot of non-alcoholic flavoring extracts
which they are anxious to sell
* l At- rm.
t>eiore tne lasc ci cms moncn. iney
are selling these extracts to raise
money for equiping the children's
play ground with substantial amusement
devices, and may be obtained
from Mrs. LeRoy Lee or Mrs. W. C.
Claiborn. Housewives of the community
should show their appreciation
of this laudable work by buying
these extracts.
o
The County Record maintains one
sf the most complete and up-to-dat*
printing offices in this section of the
State, and solicits your patronage for
Rub-My-Tism, an antiseptic.
om Every Pair
csccrt a little more than
mit ct great saving on
'r, ^hocr.
ivear out, you can smd
vetfcem rebuilt for $1.90
RE3UILT
6 Shoes ^
U to fgj kSR_
nVecr *7^
irtual photograph of a pair of
On the right you will see tho
i rebuilt at the factory, pracirin?
1 h: - tr-..V-mark will bo rebuilt.
\cribir. rr^a /cJ?af' cr the first period
5 o..- ..c^x L? past. Rebuilt?these
ian;r wear as when new and look
it tice. You secure the wear of 2
2a t -cre than the price of one.
EE DRY GOODS CO.
m
mu 111 i 1111 in n mill hi u 111
Subscribe
Now!
' The County Record i
lina's greatest weekly ne
its particular attention t
the news of Williamsbur
cial atention to the public
medite interest to this sei
lina. For that reason it ai
aahmITT AM
aucilb ua ulllo oululbjtf cof)
subscriber and regular r
Record prints more con
most county papers. Th
interest to you and your
Help a Frie
Win!
Every person has s
Record's Subscription Ci
to see that friend win. j
!! at the same time eat, one
in the State for your m
your friend besides bri
The County Record.
100,000 Boi
^ a . i? A
Credits tor n
i \
*
:: Each $21.00 in busine
testants in The County R<
Camp. ;gn this week gr
;: 100,000 Bonus Credits. N
be necessary to earn 100,0
I if you
Subscribe
No\^^
fl 111 Ml 11111111 ?111 ? II If Ml Ml*'
mil mi 11IIIIII III* I
?'
I * ?
If
~ I 1
I > HV
? JH
s one of South Caro- .5^
! ?
wspapers, and gives
!! - ,;g
1; -sro ?.
o the publication of r||y
g county, and espe
II ^^^9
sation of news of im- a|
ction of South Caro- W
rgues that every res- ^
ecially, should be a -<>
! Jfi
eader. The County
ununity news than
' * '.?lRK- -J
is news is of special 5 s
:: <*V
family.
ad ^ I I
:: ' Ji
::
:: 0
I I '
:: 5
ome friend in.The
impaign and wants
yd your friend and
$?i
) of the best papers
i ? iu
oney?$1.50 assists
;; col a
inging 52 issues of ;;
;; v 93(.
ML '
::
i > 81
\ ; j
I! '#
1 ' * 09 *
1US |i
:: ax:,
m i! i
I ' LO* !
i *,
' sl
II md-X
iss turned in by con- ! H. .iii;
scord's Subscription
* !! I
ext week $22.50 will &
00, so you help most I >
ill
ilk
2
i t 90
!! **
!; 'ja -j
. "Si
',! iW j
::
I
ilb
?si
i
j21
-j