Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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iTIjc Ommtfl lltcwit. ?g' . C-J vIOLT^ KINGSTREE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1919. i\u iOLD CRIMINALS SAIL FROM E1JJS ISLAND AT LAST THE U. S. GOV ERNMENT STARTS DEPORTING ANARCHISTS?249 SAILED FRIDAY * New York, Dec. 21.?The united | \ States army transportBuford?Ark of ! the Soviet?sailed before dawn today | with a cargo of anarchists, commun-! ists and radicals banned from Ameri-1 ~ ffAVnrn- I ca lor conspiring agauuv h.t. ' ment. The ship's destination was hidden in sealed orders, but the 249 passengers it can icd expect to be landed j at some far northern port giving ac-1 f cess to Soviet Russia. ^ "Long live the^evolution in America," was chanted defiantly by the motley crowd on the decks of the steelgray troopship as she churned her way past the Statue of Liberty Now and then they cursed in chorus at the United States and men who had > cut short their propaganda here. Not j \ until the Buford steamed out of the I narrows between forts Hamilton and I Wadsworth did the din cease. Over | their "heads, whipping in the wind, the j stars and stripes floated from thej masthead. The autocrats of all the Russians! on the transport were Alexander! Berkman and Emma Goldman, his I boon companion for thirty years. With them were 245 men and two women? Ethel Bernstein and Dora Lipkin. None knew where they would debark and1 even Capt. G. A. Hitchcock, commander of the veteran transport, was no better off. At daybreak tomorrow ol. Hibton, commanding the troops k board as guards, will hand the tipper his instructions. Only a few igh officials of the war and labor inartmpnts know the ship's destina rs;;: The voyage will last eighteen days, unless it is prolonged by unfavorable weather. .The presumption is that the Buford will land at Hange. Helsingfors or -Abo in Finland, which are connected by rail with Bielo-Osporoff 4 op the Russian frontier. It was intimated in official quarters that arrangements have been made with the Finnish government to permit the1 passage of the Russians through that % country. The transfer from Ellis Island to the Buford of agitators who have preached death and destruction was an event unique in the annals of this nation. Seized in laids in all parts of. the country, they were?mobilized here for deportation. An elaborate screen; of secrecy was thrown about the pie-; pa rations for sending them away It was in the darkest hours of night that an army tug drew up to the dock at the immigration station to take aboard the undesirable for the sevenmile journey down the bay to the Bu^ ford. Two dozen soldiers, armed with v* riWs, and as many immigration in spectors carrying night sticks, patrolled the shores of Ellis Island and until tug arrived at 5:15. The Reds were marched single file between two f lines of guards from the immigration barracks to the boat landing, each ~ carrying his 01 her baggage. A score * of agents of the Department of Justice circulated among the Russians waiting to begin their long journey. These agents and the soldier guards on the island went on board the tug with the deportees and took them to the transport. V A revenue cutter and two other army tugs formed an escort for the Reds and one tug lay alongside while they were being transferred to the Buford to prevent attempts by those reluctant to leave to swim the half * mile to the shore of Staten Island. t While all the anarchists had pro* fessed joy at the thought of leturn* ing to Russia a few of them wept and most of them seemed downcast as they stepped or. board the tug for the grimjourney through the darkness of ' the harbor to the troop ship. Their was a cold and biting wind blowing adCthey huddled on deck, "dood by America," sobbed Miss Bernstein as the tug plowed past the Statue ot Liberty with her lighted torch held proudly aloft. The girl was leaving ^ behind Samuel Lipman, her fiance, facing a twenty-year term in the At... lartta penitentiary for violation of the espionage law. B|rkman was defiant to the last and threatened secret service men as he - . stuped from the soil of the United States.'* ".To Tlell with Americain a deep bass voice from the anarchists tug as it passed a boat crowded with more*Department of Justice men. : ' V ; ? 4 i mJ ? The chant of "long live the rovolu! tion in the United States," was staite<l by Peter Bianky, general secretary of the Union of Russian Workers as the Buford got under way at 6:15 o'clock. Proof of membership in this grim journey through the darkness of in 1917 by a Russian \\Jio is now j chief of police of Pctrograd, caused i most of those in the party today to j be deported, its constitution ativo1 cates the use of violence. Miss Goldman was so unconcerned that she slept until after midnight, I although the rest of the party remained up all night. All were notified immediately after dinner last night that they would he deported before daylight. They had not expected it so quickly. Anthony Caminetti, commissionergeneral of immigration, took personal charge of plans at the island during the night and accompanied * the tug down the bay. Representatives Johnson and Siegel, members of the House commiflv on immigration, both were there as "was Francis P. Garvan, assistant attorney general, and William J. Flynn, chief of the secret service of the Department of Justice. As soon as they were informed inai they would be out of the country before dawn the male anarchists at the island formally organized! the first "Soviet Anarchistic Commune" of America and elected Berkman grand commissary. He bossed the preparations of all in the large detention rooms and no monarch was ever more readily obeyed. All stood up when he entered the room. The members of the commune obeyed him so promptly that guards transmitted their orders through him. In khaki shirt, with khaki trousers tucked into high Russian boots, he was the central figure in a merry group that awaited the tug. They played banjos and guitars and sang the "internationale." All their conversation was in Russian. Berkman said he expected to go to Petrograd and cooperated with Lcnine and Trotzky in governing Russia. He said his uncle, N. Starick. was the j nf all. the country's railroads! and also head of the Moscow Soviet. "Why should I not be happy"? he remarked as he tied up a box of oranges which was put on board^the transport with canned goods, condensed milk and ^chocolate and great quantities of other food supplies that the whole Soviet took with it. Most of the members of the com- j mune had ample clothing of their own but the immigration officers took! care that no one should be imperiled j by the rigorous weather of Russia, i Those who had not properly equipped j themselves were supplied with complete outfits from army stores including overcoats, underclothes mittens, hats and boots. The commune took nearly $500,000 j in American money with it. Rerkman i said the cash possessions averaged, $2,000 each. Most of it was in greenbacks but there were some travelers checks. Miss Goldman said her plans, after she had reached Russia were indeffinite other than that she would immediately organize the "Russian friends of American freedom" to carry on propaganda in the I'nited i Statei. "This government "signed its death warrant in the deportation," shesaid. A similar prediction of dire results for this country was made by Arthur Katses, another leader of the Russian union who was arrested i.. .New York. Miss Goldman and the other two; women in the party were in deep. black and none of the three exhibited the defiance that characterized some of the male anarchists. The trip was regarded as a lark by the youngest deportee, Thomas Buchamoff, seventeen years old, nephew of Bianki who ' organized a branch of the Union of Russian Workers at Freeport, Long Island. t The Soviet left many individual j messages of farewell at the island to be sent by immigration officers and a joint telegram was sent to the Department of Labor asking American women to reflect on the separation of deportees from wives. It was signed u.. v invon,ini. Cs>Vm+-s "tri-nnil secre-1 tary of the commune." The three women in the deported party will he treated as first class. passengers during the trip occupying one large cabin. The men are in three < separate compartments and Grand j Commissary Herhman has no privilege not granted to others. Ten immigra-1 tion inspectors will help soldiers guard I them. All will be confined to thenquarters except for a brief daily exercise on deck. Red Cross nurses went J * 4 HERE HE IS A PECULIAR PES! THE BEG THAT HAS PAKALYZEI THE COTTON INDUSTRY OF THE SOUTH Columbia, Dec. 23.?The sprea< r\f fKn hr?ll viT>ovII t hrnnchmi the South has been seized upon by th< South Carolina Landowner's associa tion as affording an opportunity fo its best constructive work. It has beei advocating diversification of crop: and especially urging the introductioi and expansion of the livestock indus try. ' By adopting these methods, it i: asserted, the damage done by the bol weevil to the South Carolina farmei can be counteracted and portions o the State can bo turned from a one crop system of agriculture with al its risks to a well-rounded system o: farming that will enable the State t< feed itself to a large extent and helj feed the rest of the nation as well a; supply a portion of the fibre tha' clothes countless millions of th< world's population. To that extent, according to soiru authorities, the boll weevil has no moved to be an unmixed evil. Cle merit S. Ucker, executive vice presi dent of the Southern Settlement ant Development Organization, with whicl the South Carolina Landowner's asso ciation is affiliated, says that the wee vil "changes the whole agriculturea situation of the South; the first tw< or three years he causes acute suffering. but then cotton raising is taker up on an improved basis, other form! of agriculture are entered upon, an< the region invaded by the weevil be gins to get rich." Having started in Yucatan or Cen tral America, where the cotton plan originated. the weevil advance* through tyexico and crossed the Ri< Grande at Brownsville about 1802. i has spread since then, extending it range annually from 40 to 160 miles depending upon weather conditions until it has invaded most of TexasOklahoma and Arkansas, has overrui completely Louisiana, Mississippi an< Alabama and is approaching the ti| of the Florida peninsula and th< northernmost limit of the cotton bel in southern Missouri, Tennessee an< Georgia. The holl weevil entered South Car along to act as matrons. Officials of the department express ed pleasure at speedy fruition of plan; to rid the country of anarchists These plans were laid when bomb: were sent to officials and prominen citizens in June. In country wide raid: on November 7, anarchists number ing 290 were arrested and 239 of thos< were deported today. The other tei included Berkman and Miss Goldmai irhose cases had long been pending. ?wovi*Kictc ai'p lilrpli U IfH-T OUVICI siiaimipv.- ?.v , to leave in the near future for th< Department of Justice has a rani in dex of 60,000 radicals who are undei scrunity and it is announced intentioi of the authorities to deport all \vh< are proved to advocate the overthrov of the government by violence. Sixty anarchists who have been or dered deported were expected fron Detroit for the Buford. but the trail orders were cancelled because to hav< awaited its arrival would have delay ed the sailing:. Today's shipload con tained men arrested in Xew York Philadelphia. Boston. Bridgeport Hartford. Xew Haven, Ansonia an< Waterburv, Conn.. Akron and Youngs town, Ohio., Chicago, De#oit an< San Francisco. olina last year and this year it spread practically throughout the southern 1 ^ and central parts of the State. It has even crossed the line into North Car-' olina and has been found in the vicin) itv of Wilmjngton, X. C., the United States department of agriculture states. There seems to be no doubt I that the insect will spread to the limj it of the cotton belt, t Nothing has been found so far to e stop the progress of this pest, which - has caused millions of dollars of dami age to the cotton crop, some times to i the extent pf 50 per cent in certain Ix. . raAi'Atinmnnt c/?ianticf C l/Ul ^l/\CllllllVlllr .nivmi.-w. suggest, as a means of control, certain methods of cultivation and land clearing and fertilizing, the use of early varieties of cotton, and other methods of control. Poisoning has been successful to a certain extent. The situation created by the advent of the boll weevil in South Carolina is being met by the South Carolina Landowner's association with a constructive program to encourage diversified farming by creating home cash markets for fanri products other than cotton. To that end the Asso-; ciation has been active--assisting in the organization of corporations to operate ineat packing plants, grain elevators grist mills, sweet potatoe drying plants and str.orage warehouses syrup mills, peanut mills, velvet bean crushers or similar establishments at I points such as Orangeburg, Beaufort, Walterboro, Brunson, Bamberg. SumU innrctftiA on/1 HpArtrn IL*i , liai WO > HIV , uii;^ovi v. V. WW. o w 1 town. By this means, it is pointed, ) out, the farmer who is discouraged by - the boll weevil from continuing tos i raise c<Hton, is assured that he can ; raise cattle, hogs grain, sweet pota I toes, sugar cane and legume crops and - turn them into cash at nearby points, j The farmers are being encouraged by ! ton and other cities, adjoining the; j State development association as the j , result of membership campaigns cont ducted i:i several cities, i? That South Carolina can produce the goods in other lines man cotton, , as can other Southern States, is. , shown by the fact that federal dei partment of agriculture records show 1: that the three largest record crops of > corn were grown in South Carolina ? where the yield per acre was in each t case over 200 bushels, reaching 256 I bushels in one case. Also, South Caroi lina is making such progress in the -! livestock industry that she will be the -| leading live stock state of the union, 1 according to George R. Wheeler of -1 Charleston, manager of the South s1 Carolina Landowner's Association ., of which Senator Xielc Chrissi ' tensen of Beaufort, is the president, t That association has a legislative s program to press before the General - Assembly this winter, which program, ? officers of the organization believe, i will help overcome the effects of the; i boll weevil. The program includes authorization of a State highway sys > tem which will enable the farmers 10 2 get their products to market; a dog - control law which will tend to enr courage development of the sheep ini dustry; amendment of the chattel ) mortgage law and passage of a marks r and brand law which are calculated to help develop cattle raising; elimi nation of free range, and a law for i the control of woods fires. i A model drainage law also is to be r> sought of the South Carolina Legis lature, and in that connection it is - stated that this State has over 1.500,000 acres of land that need drainage . in the interest of health improvement 1 and general development. A good deal - of drainage is being done by the or1! ganization of local districts in the State as in other parts of the South. One of the newest of the South Carolina districts is Clarendon county drainage district No. 3. which is operating near Foreston, having been organized largely through the efforts of Courtney Campbell, of the Carolina Stock Farms, Inc., at that place. The concern is developing 4,000 acres of land near Foreston. It is said to have the largest silos in South Carolina. Some of the cut-over land that is being cleared on this place Mr. Campbell plans to plant in carpet grass mixed with Bermuda grass, white clover and laspedeza or Japanese clover. For this purpose he has bought several hundred pounds of carpet grass seed, which is reported to be the entire visible supply of this seed in the United States this year. Carolina Stock Farms, Inc., is specializing with Western rage cows and Hereford bulls, besides which it has herds of Angora goats which, while producing the valuable material for mohair cloth, are busily engaged in cleaning out the undedbrush on land that will be put under cultivation. Next year it is planned to have several thousand head of goats on this place. There is understood to be a ready market for Southern goats, hogs and cattle at Richmond, Va., and other points. Besides his legislative program and I other constructive work, Mr. Wheeler is planning to hold a series of oldfashioned sales and exchange days at different points in the State, at which farmers will be encouraged to bring in anything they have to sell or trade, whether live stock, equipment or farm products, and incidentially people from different communities would have a chance to mingle and hear addresses on timely topics. In this matter Mr. Wheeler is taking a leaf from the plan of the Marinette County New Settlers' picnic in Wisconsin which, starting in a small way with 50 people in ft)12, has developed into a two-day affair which had an attendance of 40,000 at Marinette, Wis., this year, and has taken on the character of a district fair with exhibits, speeches, meetings of various kinds and ^ther features incidental thereto. o WATCHMAN BADLY BEATEN Robbers Caught in Attempt To EnI ter a Building Mullins, Dec. 21.?Two negroes are I in custody and search is being made for two other men who are wanted in' connection with store-breaking and assault on night watchman H. W. \lc-J Elveen last night. A number of bold robberies in Mullins occurred during the past several weeks and authorities had taken the precaution to stop the depredations, but their efforts were of no avail. Last night was the second time in two weeks that robbery of wholesale grocery stores took place. * McEleen, passing his beat at 3 o'clock, heard a noise in the rear of the store. With a flashlight he saw one man forcing a rear door of the Mullins Mercantile Company. He opened fire and is most positive he hit one. He was then overpowered by three of the gang, who knocked him down, clubbed him over the head and then with a knife gashed him in the neck and attempted to cut him in the stomach. One shot at the officer penetrated his leg as he lay unconscious. The robbers escaped. Dr. McMillan answering another call, stopped at his I office and found the officer with the gashes in his neck and one pistol wound. Carried to the office, medical attention was given, the wound being very painful. Heavy clothes prevented the injury being fatal. McElveen states the scuffle lasted ten minutes and is satisfied the four men thought him to be dead. Bloodhounds from Rao ford arrived here four hours later, and took the trail. Two negroes were arrested one with bloodstain on his collar, it is stated. The search continue* for one white man and another negro. McElveen has gone to the hospital at Florence. Last night McKlveen came upon parties entering the Thomas department store. They escaped after being fired upon. o Alexander Howat. president of the Kansas District. No. 14. of the United Mine Workers of America, is in jail at Indianapolis, Ind., awaiting hearing on a charge of contempt of court for alleged violation of the federal court injunction against furtherance of the strike of coal miners. Hearing has been set for next Monday. I PALMER ASKS PUBLIC TO AID DEPARTMENT ASKS PEOPLE TO JOIN IN EFFORT TO STAMP OUT PROFITEERING Washington, Dec. 22.?Expectations 1 of a decline in retail food prices bei ginning between January 1 and March 1, was expressed tonight by Attorney 1 flnnpi'fll Pnlmov in o ctntnmnnf cnm. ming up the efforts of the government to date in forcing down the cost of living. ! "The cost of living already under control," said the Attorney General, "can be reduced if everyone who produces will produce his utmost, if those who buy and consume will save and eliminate extravagance and if all honest people will join in with the Department of Justice i:i stamping out profiteering and hoarding." Only since October 22, when the necessary amendments to the Lever food control act were passed, the Attorney General's statement said, had it been possible to deal effectively with all cases of profiteering and hoarding. From October 22 to date ' 179 cases have been instituted and prosecutions and seizures have covered eighteen ^ ntes, it. was added. Due to cooperation between the government and various retail merchant's associations, the statement said, prevailing profits of clothing had been reduced from 5 to 50 per cent. t "In August," said the Attorney GennwilV< "in /v?nnopf inn vi'itli VTIcil n ^IUICIIICUV( III VVIIItWkivii II *?|| the demands for increased wages by railroad shopmen, based on the increased cost of living, the President announced to -the public the view that the cost of living would be lowered j as soon as there were settled condi| tions of production and of commerce, as soon an the trcaty of peace was ratified and as soon as merchants, manufacturers, farmers and miners j had a certain basis of calculation . In | a statement to the shopmen them' selves the President declared that the primary step was to increase proflTMy tion and facilitate transportation so as to make up for the destruction wrought by the war and the terrible scarcities it created. The President added that the government had taken up with all possible vigor the task of bringing the profiteer to book, mak* * ing the siocks 01 necessities m mc county available as lower prices, stimulating production and facilitating distribution. "While waiting the enactment of additional legislation, however, the Department of Justice did not remain inactive. Section six of the act provided a penalty for hoarding and section seven authorized the seizure and sale of hoarded necessities. Since the Lever act was amended to provide a penalty for profiteering, 179 prosecutions have been instituted under provisions of that act and in all cases brought to trial thus far convictions have been obtained. There have b<;en ninety-nine cases of actual seizures under section seven of the act and in many of these cases prosecutions are also contemplated under section six in addition, twenty-two cases of alleged hoarding l*ave been called to the attention of United States attorneys for seizures and prosecutions have covered eighteen States ami the commodities seized have included eggs, butter, cheese, pork, poultry, lard, fish, sugar, potatoes, coffee, flour and canned goods. Fifty-three of the above cases have already been disposed of by releasing the goods under bond on agreement to dispose of same within a specified time and at a reasonable price under the direction of the United States attorneys. In no case has the market been flooded by the*wholesale disposal of such goods. In three cases involving hoarding, fines and jail sentences have been imposed. In one case a fine of $100 was imposed; in another a fine of $250 and three months in jail, and in a third case a fine of $5,000 and five months in jail. This latter case has been appealed. Results of investigations are now beintr Ini.l hnfnro n arvnnfl inrv in Sever al districts and reports of largo number of indictments are expected in the near future. Wherever possible a determined effort will be made to obtain jail sentences. o A year's subscription to The Coun- ? ty Record will make an appreciable gift to the son daughter or relative out of Williamsburg county. It costs $1.50, invariaby in advance.