Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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|J I J J[ L1111 11 MRtful Loss of Life Rt LMAILV 100 Hl'RT, MANY FATALLY' Were More Than 259 Men Aboard the Vessel at the Time, and of These 15 Sailor# Are Missing? The Accident Occurred in the San , ( ego, Cat., Harbor Just Before the ^.ssel Was Scheduled to Leave. s? San Diego. Cal., Special.?Twentyeight members of the crew of the United States gunboat Benning-1 ton were killed and four-score! sailors were injured, 24 seriously, at ; 10 o'clock Thursday forenoon by a . boiler explosion that disabled the vessel in San Diego harbor. Fifteen sailors are missing. There were more than 250 men aboard the warship i when the accident occurred, and many men were hurled or forced to jump in- j to the sea by the teriffic explosion, which lifted part of the deck and com- : pelled the beaching of the ship. The Bennington, at the time of the acci-; dent, was lying in the stream just off the commercial wharf at H street. J Tbe warship had received orders from the Navy Department at Washington ! to sail this morning for Port Hartford to meet the monitor Wyoming and convey the monitor to Mare Island navy yard. San Francisco. ** EXPLOSION TERRIFIC. Steam was up and everything was ' In readiness for the departure of the j Bennington when the starboard fors ward boiler exploded with a terrific roar. The explosion was terriflc\ I IB People standing on shore saw a huge ; cloud of steam rise above the Ben-1 nington. Columns of water were forced high into the air. A dozen or fifteen men were blown overboard by the force of the terrific explosion. Capt. Went worth, who was looking at | the Bennington when the disaster oc-1 curred. says he saw human bodies hurled over a hundred feet upward. The air was clouded with smoke which enveloped the ship. When tbe haze cleared away, only a few could be seen on the decks, while a number were floundering in the water. A boat was lowered from the vessel's side and most of the men in the water were picked up and taken on board. On board the Bennington were pre sented terrible scenes, ine torcv u*. the explosion had torn a great hole in the starboard side of the ship, and the vessel was already commencing to list. A section of the upper deck was carried awav from stem to stern. Blood and wreckage was distributed over the entire space, the after cabin and that part of the ship adjacent to the exploded boiler resembling a charnel house. The shock of the explosion pene'rated every section of the ship, blood and ashes being found far as the stern of the captain's cabin. Great damage was done in ail parts of the vessel. The boiler which exploded, it is said, was regarded as unsafe. Commander Young stated that during a recent return from Honolulu the steam pressure was kept reduced in that particular one. List of the Dead. San Diego, Cal., Special.?Saturday night's summary of casualties aboard the gunboat Bennington, in San Diego . Bay. gives a total of 60 dead and 50 injured, six probably fatally. A number " of men are still missing, some of these mdy be dead, and probably a dozen of the injured will die of their wounds. Following is an official list of known dead, with ages, occupation and place of birth or enlistment: Ensign Newton K. Perry. 26, Columbia. S. C. Wesley M. Taylor, 28, seaman. Atlanta. Ga. ?>?. ? u,,orViae iq swrnan. Clarks Dtri A. xiuguvo, ? _ Yille, Ark. May Hinder Peace Progress. Paris. By Cable.?Emperor Nicholas' cruise in the Gulf of Finland to meet Emperor William is the subject of; much momment in the press. Certain newspapers express the fear that the ! * German Emperor will influence the i Russian Emperor over Far Eastern i matters and will hinder the carrying out of the peace programme, while others are of the opinion that Emperor William will seek to estrange Russia from France. Mine Superintendent Shot by Drunken Man. Bristol, Va., Special.?A special from Big Stone Gap, Va.. says: "This afternoon at Irondale, about five miles east of this place, Jasper Abshire shot and fatally wounded A. M. Hall, superintendent of Kelly and Irvines mines Mr. Hall is still living, but the physician says he cannbt live but a short v'tile. Abshire was drunk and rowdy and was asked to leave. He refused and Hall lead him to the commisary door and let him go. whereup on he shot Superintendent Hall three times in the breast. Abshire was disarmed. but not arrested. A posse went from this place this evening to apprehend Abshire.' Frank L. Kelley Missing. Richmond. Special.?The four broth- j ers of Frank L. Kelley. who has been missing since Sunday, are endeavoring, by the aid of his dog. to find some trace of the man. whom they fear has his own life. Soon after his 'departure his wife found a bundle on the knob of the back door containing her husband's watch and purse, as well as a note, which bade farewell to her and their infant child, and said: ""I am crazy: somet-mes I don't know where I am." i Sharp Rise in Wheat. ^ Chicago. Special.?Alleged eonfirmaA tion of black rust in the wheat fields J W of the Northwest sent the price of September wheat whirling up to SS here. The advance was 3*4 cents a bushel, compared with Thursday's closing quotations. The bulge was accompanied by scejies of much excitement in the wheat pit. shorts frantically jostling each other in attempts to secure the coveted grain. Telegrams from Minneapolis and Duluth detailing damage to ? the wheat crop in South Dakota by the j dreaded blight was the cause of the ex- j Ifamsnl. ;sults From Bursting of )iler on Board, Andrew Kamerer, 23. fireman. Londcnvilie. 0. Joseph Newcomb. 27. seaman. Boston. Harrv Mosher, 23. fireman, Newark, N. J. Wilbur W. Wright, 32. steward, home unknown. Michael G. Quinn. 31. fireman, Kilkenny. Irelana. Clvde Haggbloom. 23. Leadville. Col. Kirlev F. Morris. 24. fireman. Owens boro. Kv. Warren Paris. 3t>, coal passer, Lansing. Mich. Wm. 0. Wilson. 19. seaman. Germantown. Cal. ' Stephen W. Pollock. 24. coal passer. Hcnesdale. Pa. Emil Dresch. 24. seaman. Newark. N. J. Wm. Staub, 21, fireman. Bridgexvater. S. D. John L. Burns, 20. seaman. Chicago. Glen Brownlee. 24. seaman. Galveston. Texas. Wm. I. Cherry. 24. blacksmith. Salem. Mont. Walter G. Grant. 23. coal passer. Chicago. John Goika. IS. seaman. Milwaukee. John McKone. 23. fireman. Leadville, Col. Edwin B. Robinson. 23. seaman. San Francisco. Charles 0 McKeen, 25. coal passer, Pueblo. Col. Charles J. Kuntz. 20. setfcnaa, St. Louis. Oorrv v ^Sounder* 19 seaman. Springfield. Mo. Jodie W. Kempton. 18, seaman, Lcveland, Col. Robert B. Carr, IS. seaman, Denver. Harry F. Smith. 23. seaman. Harrisonville. Mo. Preston Carpenter. 20. seaman. Arapahoe. Neb. Robert L. Savage. 23. seaman. Waco, Texas. Lerov B. Archer. 20. seaman, Fowler, Col. Don C. Archer. 19, seaman. San F rancisco. Richard T. Hor.se. 21. seaman, Colorado Springs. Col. Albert H. Schoreege. 21. seaman. New L'lm. Minn. John C. Barc-hus. 22. seaman. Cla:inda. Iowa. L. J. Guthries. 23. seaman. New York. Matthew G. Chambers. 23. seaman. Lewiston. Idaho. Frederick M. Brown. 26. machiist. San Francisco. Josiah Ezell. 27. seaman. Waco, Texas. Frederick J. Geiss. 29. coal passer, Cincinnati. Claude H. Stevenson. 23, seasan, San Francisco. Emile C. Hoffman. 25. blacksmith, San Antonio. Texas. Joseph Hilscher, 24. fireman. Seattle, Wash. Edward B. Ferguson, 36, chief ma chinist. San Francisco. Elmer I*. Brunson. 20. seaman, Chicago. Four unidentified men of the newdraft. who joined the Bennington at San Diego. Seven men. names uncertain, known to be in flooded compartments of the vessel. Thomas Burke, machinist. Joseph Hunt, oiler. George L. Clarke, chief machinist. C. W. Brockman. gunner. Unidentified number of men still missing. San Diego. Cal.. Special.?Forty-seven of the gunboat Bennington's dead were buried Sunday in a common grave in the little military cemetery on the crest of the promotory of Loma, high above the waters of San Diego bay on the one side, and within sound of the booming surf of the Pacific on the other. Without the crash of drum or sound of brass, without pomp or parade. yet with simple impressiveness, all honor was paid to the nation's dead. Telegraphic Briefs. Having been acquainted with the recklessness of certain chaffaurs. an owner of a residence at the corner of two streets in England has pasted upon the outside of his house this placard: "Motor car drivers are requested to leave this house where it is." President Roosevelt has ordered a full investigation of the affairs of the entire Department of Agriculture. Fireman's Story of the Accident. Fireman E. G. Hopp makes the first statement as to the eause of the accident. He says that shortly before the explosion one of the boilers was found to be leaking badly, and the boilermaker was sent for to repair the damage. Before the latter came the explosion occurred. Hopp saw men all about him killed outright and he himself was stunned for a moment. The dead were given a military burial Sunday afternoon at the military reservation at Point Loma. Services were held at 2 o'clock on the Point, and launches will convey "across the bay the living officers and men able to attend. Change of Management. Raleigh. Special.?R. I. Cheatham, assistant general freight agent of the Seaboard Air Line Railway, with headquarters in Atlanta, y-kH leave that road shortly to take charge of the Panp Fear and Northern Railway, to extend from Durham to Dunn, N. C.. with headquarters in Durham. The Cape Fear and Northern is owned by the Dukes, of the American Tobacco Company. J. A. Pride, of Columbia. S. C.. commercial agent of the Seaboard, will succeed Mr. Cheatham. The Disease Yellow Fever. New Orleans. Special.?The official autopsy on a patient, an Italian, who died of what has been called suspicious fever, has disclosed that the disease was yellow fever. President Souchon. of the State board of health, has notified Governor Blanchard and the health officers of Mississippi, Texas and Alabama. Arrangements have been made for a detention hospital to treat the remaining cases. Application of the same methods which were pursued at Havana is to be made anA the authorities are hopeful that the dial ease can be stamped out. Minor Happenings cf the Week at Home and Abroad. i Down in Dixie. Two trainmen wore killed and others ; badly injured in a collision of "double- , header" freight trains at Madvale, Ya. Harrison Field was found dead near I ] the reservoir. Richmond, with a bullet wound in his breast. The Baltimore and Ohio Duquesne j Limited train was derailed at Morgans- j ville, W. Va., bait the passagers were , not injured. Robert Grim, who left Barkley a month ago to join his wife and child in Charleston. W. Va.. has mysteriously I disappeared and no trace of him can be found. His wife is still in Charleston and relatives here are greatly > , alarmed. ( An excursion train composed of eight , well filled cars and containing about j 400 people, was wrecked near Prospect, ! | Va.. resulting in a slight injury to sev- j ; oral of the passengers. The escape of . , all the excursionists is considered al- ; ( most miraculous in view of the dan- i j gers to which they were subjected. ! j Workmen on the track had jacked up j ( j one of the rails, and this is given as j the cause of the wreck. < At the National Capital. i < The War Department made public a j long list of the soldiers to whom cer1 . tifieates of merit have been awarded ( for acts of notable bravery. , Major Carson has enlarged the scope | j and made other improvements in the i daily consular reports. I James J. Hill, in an interview, de- j clares there are too many political theories for the good of business in this country. Ex-Speaker of the House of Repre- , sontatives D. B. Henderson is said to be \ suffering with paresis. j , ThrAiinh Mnpth - 1 The Roosevelt, with the Peary North j Pole expedition on board, left New York on her long journey. ' The heat waves still sp&ead over the ' cities in the North. Chicago, New York and Philadelphia for the past few days 1 ; have sweltered under the burning 1 j grasp of a deadly heat. Many deaths < i and sc-ores of prostrations have occur- < I red already and there is no indication < for speedy relief. ' While rowing cn a lake in Michigan a young lady struck and killed with her oar a large blue snake which had wriggled under her boat, and threatened to ] capsize it. The reptile measured fifteen , feet in length and sixteen and a half inches in circumference. State Superintendent of Insurance Hendricks issued a statement replying to the criticism made concerning the Equitable Life Assurance Society re- ' port. Gen. W. W. Blackmar, Commander- ' in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Re- ; public, died at Boise, Idaho. Jack Welch, of San Francisco, has been named to referee the Britt-Sullivan contest at Woodward's pavilion , next Friday night. Fore'gn Affairs. The Janane.se now completely occupy the southern part of the island of Sakhalin. Bulgaria has appealed to the powers , to intervene In alleged Turkish persecutions at Adrianople. 1 A revolting scene was witnessed inside the French submarine boat Farfadet, which sank recently with 14 men. ! The ceiling of a hospital chapel at Fermo. Italy, fell, killing 16 women and injuring 32. Life saving runs in the family of J. Parsons, a young lighterman of the Hollows, Brentford. England, who. on his twenty-third birthday, received the Royal Humane Society's certificate for rescuing two boys from drowning. His father saved forty-eight persons from drowning and the son now has a total of twenty-three lives to his credit. Miscellaneous Matters. The condition of Senator Clark, who was operated on for cerebral abscess, is as favorable as could be expected. Prof. Charles Shuchert. dean of Yale University Museum, will make an extensive tour during the summer months through the maritime provinces of Canada. making a geological survey of the rfiHnns nf Vnva Pcnti.l esrx?riallv in order to study more minutely their direct hearing upon the formation of tne rest of North America., Admirers of the late Secretary Hay are planning for the erection of a suitable monument for the perpetuation of his memory, it will likely stand in Lakeview Cemetery, or in a new building at the Western Reserve University, named after the much lamented statesman. Dispatches received Wednesday indicate a movement among the leaders of the Russian people to issue a proclamation favoring the deposition of j Emperor Nicholas from the throne of j j the Empire. Daniel Maloney was killed while op- 1 erating the aeroplane of Professor ! Montgomery, in San Jose, Cal. He fell a distance of 3,000 feet, as 2.000 people stood watching him while making the ascent. At the moment when the body of Admiral Paul Jones is crossing the ocean on its way to America an interesting discovery has just been made at Paris in connection with Jones, namely, that of his diary in a quarto volume bound in red Morocco, with the arms of Louis XVI engraved on it. presentp.l tn him bv that monarch. With the baseball which he last I pitched on the college diamond in his i right hand. Edward Heim. the Prince- : ton athlete, who was drowned at ! Coney Island, was buried Wednesday. I Princeton students acted as pall-bear- j ers. Professor Andrew Fox. who recently 1 startled the country with a telegram to John D. Rockefeller, begging for some of his "tainted money" for the Chicago Theological Seminary, has been dismissed from the faculty of that institution. | The National League of the Building i and Loan Associations is composed of 1 twenty-one States. North Carolina being one of the most progressive. The annua^jMC-^i^r of the league will be held iWow V" ft on the 2t>tn and 27th of this month and the Charlotte representatives who will attend are the following well known men: Messrs. | S. Wittkowsky, R. H. Jordan and D. j I A. Tompkins. wiinnniHMJ * ! A Statement From high Official That the Japanese Will Show No Leniency w w HAVE ABUNDANT RESOURCES LEFT;",' j W; The Minister to London Says the Pub- W lie Evidenly Mistake the Japanese i 1 oe For Angels in Thinking the Peace Terms Will Be Moderate?The Bar- ^ on Said That Russia Had Named ag Good Men at Plenipotentiaries, But bl All Depends Upon the Powers Con- ca p ferred Upon Them. in j bi London. By Cable.?Baron Hayashl, [ Ike Japanese minister here, said to the nt Associated Press that Russia had ap- ht pointed good men as peace plenipoten- th Uaries. Nevertheless even M. Witte and , ai Baron Rosen had not inspired Japan 1 pr with confidence in a favorable outcome it of the negotiations. "We do not know," ! 6(j the minister added, "what powers have 1 re been delegated to them and after the j yj events of the past 18 months Japan puts faith only in accomplished facts. th The terms will be communicated only it the conference. Then we will discover what powers the Russian plenipotentiaries possess." 0E The Associated Press representative E] luggested that the general opinion prA re railed that the Japanese terms will b^L moderate. "I cannot see where people get such . in idea," replied the minister, "the DJ Gblic evidently mistake the Japanese r angels." A] Minister" Hayashi, intimated that pi lap an was ready to continue the war ^ unless she secures suitable terms. He jj, called attention to the fact that prac- 0, tlcally the entire sum realized by the Last two loans was unexpended and ar laid the capture of the island of Sak- bj ualin was not precipitated by the approach of the conference, but was a of natural sequence of the Japanese campaign the plans for which had not been %Uama/1 oinofl Dnocio ooon/lnH tho pnn. Terence. An earlier attack on the island was not undertaken principally because 'n of the severe winter and because the a iummer season was preferrable for co sampaigning and the establishment of cr i. new government in the island. . M Swam the Niagara. or Niagara Falls, N. Y., Special.?Car ^ lisle D. Graham, of this city, and William J. Glover, J., of Baltimore, . m Md., successfully swam the lower rap- ^ Ids of the Niagara river from the ^ American side of the whirlpool to ^ Lewiston Monday afternoon. The dis-ij tance of four miles was covered in*' 26 minutes by Glover. The start was made at 4:02 p. m. from Flatrock, 5. which is on the American side. The ^ Bwimmers did not venture in the up- te per rapids, where Captain Webb lost his life. w Both men wore life belts and inflat- nj ed rubber rings around their necks. From the start Glover took the lead. ? He entered the rapids about a minute N ahead of Graham. Until the Devil's G1 Hole was reached the swift current and roaring rapids had the swimmers In their grasp. At that point a swirl Ing eddy caugtit (iiover, ana ne woo down nearly two minutes. His life belts saved him. Graham by this 81 time had gained on Glover, and when the two men reached the end of the ** rapids just above the suspension er bridge at Lewiston there was but lit- m tie distance between them. Swimming in the swift, smooth current was in hard for Graham, but evidently easy Pi for Glover. At 4:28 o'clock Glover T was pulled up on the dock at Lewiston. si He was dressed and about 15 minutes later telling his story. Graham was ^ taken to a hotel in a wagon and did L, not leave bed until late in the after- ^ noon. Neither of the men was in- ?j? lured. p, Woman Rural Carrier Injured. in Burlington, Special? Mrs. Alice ^ Fowler, rural mail carrier on a route ti from Burlington, was driving near the sc railroad in her mail delivery wagon ci when her horse became frightened at a passing train near Elon College and m ran away, turning the wagon over and i j0 rorir rtofnfni Inluries on Mrs. I w IUUILU115 it Fowler. She was badly bruised about aj the face and head and had one finger a, broken. ol Goes to 8ecure Evidence. qi Washington, Special.?Morgan H. Beach, the United States attorney for g( the District of Columbia, who is in ki charge of the investigation into the ei ' V.n? trrtnfl t n V P W k couon Crop scauuai, ucio 6vu? w ?.York in search of evidence. ^Ie de- ' clined to make any statement before leaving Washington, but it is under- ja stood that he intends to interview L. C. L Van Riper and other New York brok- in ers who made disclosures of the metSu G ods employed by former Associate Sta- ai tistican Edwin S. Holmes, who is al- m leged to have used advance information for the financial benefit of himself 01 and certain brokers. k, Statistician Quits Job. C( Washington. Special.?The resigna- P tion of John Hyde, chief statistician {ar and chief of the bureau of statistics of tc the Department of Agriculture, was m handed to Secretary Wilson and promptly accepted. Willet N. Hays, jg the Assistant Secretary of Agriculture, q has been placed in charge of the bureau temporarily, and will continue to ^ jtct pending the investigation of the A cotton scandal and until a competent a statistician is found. S4 Attempt to Murder Official. ni Naples, By. Cable.?An attempt was I 01 madft earlv this morning to murder | ai Admiral Mirabello, brother ef Admiral ai Mirabello, the Italian minister of mast rine, who is residing at Portici, a resi- I ^ dential town on the bay of Naples. The admiral's wife was seriously in- e! jured while defending her husband. ?l a Oklahoma and Indian Territory dele- It gates to a joint convention demanded w statehood for the Territories In strong lx resolutions. C( BBBT , wful Deed of a Man Made Desper- ! ate By Drink. Pensacola, Fla., Special.?Crazed j ith drink and the thought that he ' as to be discharged, William F. Wil- 1 ims, a salesman in the clothing store ' John White, late Tuesday artcrnoon j alked up to the office where Mr. ' Tiite was sitting reading and shot I m dead. He turned his revolver up- 1 i another salesman, Ed. Dansby, and ; flicted a mortal wound in the back, j en fired upon James White, the man- j ;er and son of the proprietor, the lllet passing through his lungs and > .using a wound from which it is ex- | scted that he will die before morn- I g. Another clerk was fired upon, it the bullet went wide of the mark. All during the day Williams seemed : tvous, and later in the afternoon s began to Imbibe to such an extent at it was noticed about the store : id some remark was made by the [ oprietor. This infuriated Williams, ! seems, and without a word he walk- j 1 to his coat, took therefrom a new ; volver and walking up close to Mr. hite, fired, the bullet striking him :ar the right ear and passing out on e left side. White never moved. Girl Held Without Bail. New York, Special.?Berthe Claiche, i trial by a coroner's jury for killing mil Gerdorn, on July 9, was held sponsible for his death and was comn.ithoilt ILVtfU WJ LL? t? 1UU1U9 pi OVU nikuvuv ill. Subsequently she was indicted ' the grand jury. Aftor enticing Berthe Claiche to merica from France under a false omise of marriage, Gerdorn forced e girl to go on the streets and earn a ring for bim at the sacrifice of h<?r | vn good name. His excessive cruel- j caused the girl to have Gerdorn ! rested on July 9, and then frightened r his threatening attitude she shot m while the police were in the act making the arrest. Negroes Moved to Anniston. Montgomery, Ala., Special.?Follow- j g the attempt made Sunday night by | mob at Gadsden to take from the unty Jail five negroes charged with I iininally assaulting and murdering rs. S. K. Smith, the Governor Sunday dered the alleged criminals taken to miston for safe-keeping. They will i taken later to Birmingham, where ey will remain until their trial. The re negroes were removed under millry escort, Company C, of the Third labama Regiment, accompanying em. Stunned by Lightning. Winston-Salem, Special.?During a iseball game at Fairview Park, b?reen two colored teams Tuesday afrnoon about 5.30 o'clock, lightning ruck near the grand-stand, which as occupied by some 500 people, stunng two negroes, Will Harris and Arlur Palmer, the former seriously, o other damage resulted. Governor lenn was In the grand stand, but was >t shocked. Telegraphic Briefs. Charles D. Graham, of New York, , id William J. Glover, of Baltimore, iccessfully swam the lower rapids of iagara river Tuesday afternoon, coving the distance of four miles in 26 Inutes. Emil Arton, sentenced to eight years iprisonment for complicity in the old mama Canal scandal, was found dead uesday in his apartments. It is pretmed that he committed suicide. A negro attempted an assault upon ie daughter of a prominent citizen of Ittle Rock, Ark., Tuesday and has ,?en captured by a posse of townsmen, he sheriff of the county has gone to event a lynching. Secretary Wilson has instituted an vestigation into the report that a srtain female employe of the Agriculiral Department is guilty of having >ld the questions to be asked in the vil service examinations. Alabama troops in annual encam]> ent at Montgomery are charged with oting the store of a negro Tuesday, hile he was held at bay by rifles. The Tair has been reported to the civil ithorities and also to the government flclals. The accident bulletin issued for the larter beginning with January last id ending with March, shows that iring that time there were 28 passen;rs and 204 employes of the railroad illed and 1.651 passengers and 2,062 nployes" injured, making a total of Hied. 232 and a total of injured, 3,tl, in all train accidents. An investigation which has been gotg on under the supervision of a spec.1 committee from the South Carolina egislature has revealed startling facts i connection with the finances of reenville county. Sensational results re expected to follow, and prominent ien have been arrested. The cruiser Maryland broke the rec d for speed in filling her coal bun?rs. Acting under the suggestion of his >unsel. Elihu Root. Mayor Weaver, of hiladelphia. may soon bring additionI suits against some of the most promlent men of that city, who are alleged > have been guilty of wrong doing in lunicipal affairs. Bertha Claiche, the French girl who * ' ?u mnrdor (if PTmil I cnargea wuu iuc wuiuv. . erdron, has been committed to the ombs without bail. The man. it is l lleged, enticed the French maid tc meriea under promise of marriage and fterwards forced her to go on the ireets to earn his livelihood. New, York, Special.?The cotton arket showed weakness during the itire day, with trading fairly active id some excitement during the late ,'ternoon session as me decline caught op loss orders. TlW closing was ithin a couple of poimts of the lowst and barely stead^^l a net decline ' 30 to 36 points, xdfh October quoted t 10.58, or 53.75 a bale below the high :vel of last Monday. Good crop eather and reports of liberal offerlgs for snot cotton were factors enour aging the bears. ??^? SOUTHERN f j -CI l>g ! . TOPICS OF INTEREST TO THE PLANT | What in Kicli Soil? A soil which is able to prodtK-e pood crops is considered to he a rich soil. In order to produce good crops, n soil must supply a sufficient quantity of the food required by the plants. That is to say. the plant mnst be able to obtain enough potash, lime, magnesia, phosphoric acid. iron, sulphur and water from the soil to supply its needs, and if any one of these substances is absent, or not furnished by the soil in sufficient quantity, the soil wIIT not produce good crops. Few farmers realize that their soils contain very large quantities of these substances. The trouble with a poor soil is. not that it does not contain plant food, bnt that the plant food in it cannot be taken up by plants. The food l.-w.L-o.l nn.l !.? ~l-. .-? I"? IVI (I ii|r uuu iur pitima < annul ^ri it. and suffer accordingly. By far the greater part of the plant food in every soil is in snch a form that it cannot he taken up by plants. But every soil is undergoing a continual change, by which small portions of the Iocked-up plant food is daily made soluble, and in such a form that plants can use it. It is within the power of the fanner to cultivate and manage his farm in such iu way that the quantity of pfunt food^eleased each year will become mo^and more each year. In such a rnf' his farm is growing "richer." It is also possible (and very often the case) that a farm will be managed in such a way that the agencies which release the Iocked-up plant food will decrease in power from year to year. In such a case his farm will grow poorer: not booanse the plant food in the soil is exhausted, but because, by bad management, the farmer no longer has a sufficient supply of plant food in his soil in a form available to plants. The most important agency in releasing the Iocked-up food in a soil, is a supply of decaying vegetable matter. Decaying vegetable matter forms various acids, which act upon the soil and decompose it. Decaying vegetable matter allows the growth of minute plants, which also act upon the soil nnit release inert nlant food. Humus as the decayed vegetable matter in soil Isaealled. is very important in a soil for other reasons, bnt it is eertainly very important fn aiding to provide plants with a suply of plant food from the soil. A soil containing much humus is always more fertile thai} the same soil with little humus, and one reason for this fact is that already stated, namely, that the humus aids in bringing the plant food to such a form that plants can use it. The most natural method of farming is to utiiizo as much as possible the plant food already in the soiT, and resort to fertilizers only to supply the deficiencies of the soil.?Dr. G. Sr.Fraps, Ph.D.. of Raleigh, in Philadelphia Farmer. How to Get Egg*. The following from the Baltimore Sun is just as good as it would be if taken from the columns of the best poultry journal in the country: If it costs in actual money one doITar a year to keep a hen and the hen lays 200 eggs, there is a net profit of 100 per cent., fven though the average price of eggs is only twelve cents a dozen. As no other farm stock will pay this average profit, this subject is one that should ue studied. un tins suoJect a poultryman gives the following general facts: The pullet that begins laying at the earliest age and continues to lay the longest is the fdear mother fbr a strain of layers. But there is something beyond this, for a laying strain must be started ahead of the eggs from which its members are hatched. The hens must be fn the best possible condition before the eggs are laid. The eggs they lay will hatch out strong, vigorous chicks, and these should be forced to the limit. Vigorous constitution means a capacity to producea large number of eggs. Good feed and care induce continued vigor. The artificial stimulus grows Into a characteristic that becomes fixed and descends to the progeny generation after generation, and In the end a laying strain Is established, and the value of such a strain Is undisputed. Any one who breeds poultry may do something toward Increasing the general average by attending to the details of care and feeding. Upon productiveness depends the profit that may be made from commercial poultry, to a large extent. These are not Idle theories: they are facts that have been established by years of experience and observation. The study of them Is a material factor In making improvements in onr flocks. To this we add that eggs being most profitable in winter, every effort should be made for winter eggs. So it is best to have a field of cow peas near the house for the chickens to forage on and a pasture of rye. Lsr?e op Small Cow*. A reader wishes to know whether tto Jets and Flashes. No harvest is reaped without hardness. Some rich thieves are called financiers. Dishonest grocers seldom resort to legal measures. A girl seldom refuses to eat corn from the cob unless she has store teeth. When some men have no better occupation they hnnt up some thing for their wives to do. There are some people who think that Heaven will reward them for giving the church a dime for a dollar entertainment. The strange thing is that a man who is satisfied with so little in himself demands so much in others. Many men are trying to straighten the universe with fingers that have done nothing else but get things into a tangle. President Roosevelt, in an address to Long Island doctors, condemned Panama talebearers and praised General Wood. / 1 'St: 'ARM JtOTES. D-q ?D5/?, STOCKMAN AND TRUCK ORC WEt. ' ' - " would prefer large or small cows for dairy or milk-giving purposes. To make a short answer, we would prefer the row that would giro the most and best milk and would keep at It longest. The object in view should always be kept foremost. If you have a cow that is just such a milker as you wish, she Is the best cow without reference to her size. If the purpose is to bny a dairy herd, the fact that there are special dairy breeds must not be ignored, and these are mostly small, though the Holsteins come in of fair size. But if the idea is to get cows for the farm, where it is . desirable to raise calves as well as to get milk, size should be considered. la that case we advise getting a medium to large cow' of a well-known milking strain. # Our fathers would have thought it strange had we talked of feeding hay to hogs, or laying in a supply of hay as a wintpr feed for hogs. But this is done now in many places as regnlarly. as laying in hay for feeding the horses and cattle. Cow pea and alfalfa have been proven good feed for hogs, not only as pasture feed in the fields, bat as dry fepd in winter. Tf von U.ivo o nmlo /V\lf f/V TMTf ATI pasture this spring, don't try to make him stay in the pasture by himself. He Just won't do it. He'll find some way to get out. and after that no fence will bother him much. Give the mule eolt or eolts company. A good dispositioned old horse is good, but a gentle old gray mare is the very best company for mules. ______ \ Corn Hanks snd Wheat Chaff; H. L. D.. Scottsville, writes: Please give me the feeding value of corn husks and wheat chaff as a feed for cows. , The following table gives the com! position of corn husks and wheat chaff: Protein Fiber Extract Fat Pet. Pet. Pet. Pet. Corn husks .. .2.5 15.8 28.3 7 Wheat chaff.. .4.5 30. 34.0 1.4 Wheat chaff contains about twice as much protein, crude fiber and fat as the corn husks. These foods are low in digestible protein and fat and only constitute cheap forms of roughness, more valuable as a filler for ruminating animals than for their entire plant, and they are also considerably lower in nutrients than corn leaves. Wheat chaff contains about as much digestible matter as wheat straw, but it i? much lower in digestible nutrients than oat straw, containing only about onefourth us much digestible protein. Neither form of roughness thus compares well with hay from any of the leagues or tame grasses. At the same time corn husks and wheat chaff can certainly be utilized to advantage on the farm If fed in proper amounts.? Prof, Soule. A Wittrlnc Fowl*. To keep poultry healthy plenty of fresh water must be kept within easy reach of them. Crocks, pana and such' vessels have to be filled several times a day. The young chicks are apt toget drowned when enough water is kept to last any length of time; besides the water gets old and unhealthy. My plan is to take a small keg at bottom; set the keg upright on box or frame a foot from ground, put a curved tube In hole, pnt a vessel under lower end of tube. When water is put In keg the vessel will run full of water to the lower end of tube. The depth of water can be regulated by raising or lowering the tube. If keg is filled with fresh water every morning there will always be a fresh supply of fresh water In vessel. ThiS is the best de vice for watering pouirry 1 snow ui. It Is a great labor-saver.?EL L/ itarsch, Tusculum, Tenn. Bay Bean* and Millet For Hay. J. S. C., Rnssellvllle, Tenn., writes: Will soy beans mature early enough to be sown with millet for hay? What proportion of each should be used when sown with drill and fertilizer? : Some of the early maturing varieties of soy beans might be sown with millet for hay, but the standard varieties would have to be sown in drills, say, abont thirty days before the millet was seeded. The millet might then be 'sown broadcast and covered with a harrow. One of the best varieties of soy beans is the mammoth yellow. A mixture of soy beans and millet will mate an excellent quality of hay, and It fa somewhat easier to cure than that made from eowpeas. You should sow about a half bushel to three pecks of soy beans per acre, and a gallon to a half gallon and a half of millet seed.? A. M. Soule. Sandy Soil For Fruit*. Sandy soils are good fruit soils, when fertile enough, and are better adapted to the smaller fruits and berries needing careful cultivation. Peaches require high, dry and moderately fertile soil, and do best on tops of hills.?Southern Fruit Grower. New* of the Day. The President explained his Chinese immigration order in an interview with Samuel Gompers. A railroad dectective and an outlaw were killed and a second outlaw will die as a result of fighting following a Kansas hold-up. The Elks decided to hold their reunion next year in Denver. Commander Peary got an amount of money large enough to insure the success of his North Pole expedition. . The railroads in Missouri obtained a temporary injunction in Kansas City to prevent the enforcement of the maximum rate law. . Muravieff has resigned as head of the Russian peace plenipotentiaries, and it is regarded as certain that M. Witte will succeed him. It is reported that GenA-al Stossei has been arrested and tfat Admiral ? Kruger will leave the service. M. Delcasse has outlined his views on France's foreign relations, saying he regards Great Britain as the best ally of the Republic. Five hundred Chinese were drowned by the collapse of a mat shed.