Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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?aeacaa&MfitfUtZ ?wa? . .. - Be Making oi R By M. G. Cunnlff. /SOOOeftK EORGE PULLMAN or. Cr riding, that the secrets ? ? ?- TKi^ ie t-'in. i.nf flu. r?r Curves, no matter 1 ? c 'of true circles, The ouU S j2 of the curve ami the e* v23?w3?^ it. >\ miU'-^^vv.ut. tr? rail livs inches h'.gbei lower elevation. I: is clear from il than the maximum for which the tr: Conversely, a slower nr.in than the < off its wheels. Any road must strike : speeds, and engineers must nurse the lo it as possible. That nuts an lnevi Ktato Express once made a burst fo ? - iai,.tlnn nf f! ;) nui;r uii ii nuaiKuinii,! ... ? engine at that top speed a quarter o however, sixty miles an hoar is quite To permit such sjiml the engineer Instead of starting a true eirele curve causes the jolt and lurch that travi curve from a point a hundred yards rated the outer rail imperceptibly alt cult of the device?in practice quite as regards a passenger's senses. Wi track is straight or curved.?World's He Climax of Nq By Coldwin Smith. jii-t-M-fM-.-t-A i'T of all Napoleon's in Ttfttitt fllmoT ivna tile inv:l<fif "mo n *iat* ^or T^'s> sav'n? (k doubtedly strong in Lit; He evidently reckoned fense nearer the fronii latins terms as he had dictated thou Paris ir triumph. He was decei He tried in vain to force a instead of fighting him near the i their country to his ravages, coinpe losf a great part of his enormous ho at Borcdiuo. evacuated Moscow, lea' treat with hint. He had cousequentl; retreat or subsistence. He lost almo and but for the extraordinary conduct pass unopposed, would himself have error was on a far more imposing sea Beaulleu or Mack. But was it less c the reputation of the man of action < is frightful to think what power a <' not a soul on either side, saving Na expedition.?The Atlantic. The DeveSopm tl By John R. Spears. SREDICTIOXS are m of hulls the races < than any ever held In the races of cally out of the wat a few feet. A bra lateral plane that lc by a country hoy. of the yacht was lot like the blade of a woodman's ax; whether the wedge should have line The stern below the waterline was al a blunter one than the bow. In gou long over all. eighty-seven feet on tin feet deep below decks, and ber draug oessful opponent, the Mayflower, was feet wide, and was perhaps seven f? feet of water. With these facts in mind we can ; the shapes of boats of that class. I longer on the waterline. is 14t> feet lot of fifteen feet, all of which was aft. twenty-five feet at each cud. The Mayflower, shows almost exactly the Eoughiy speaking each end of tl water with its edge perpendicular. ' unlike the half of a cone split lengths a long, thin, horizontal wedge?a w< water. At the stern the challenger is at both ends, in spite of the fact tha Each end presents a fine horizontal w sailing lino she is a scow. We used at the thinness of the vertical wedge, delight at the sweep of the fore and modern hull Is more easily, and the water. The modern hull presents fin old hull presented wide or obtuse ang If Women W< By W. D. Howell. >,*E often hears th W ^ only a man!'' "I si A 1 would give anythii ST ^ | as much honesty as t m S S Is thinking of li\ V 9 a man's life? Is not 9 J "band, who has show ii nfr to her, and for whos dulge what seems a vain aspiration? that men are never heard sighing to the most abject of men is not kuowr considers living his life over again ii mind. He is perfectly willing to alloi wiser by teaching, sweeter, lovelier, j his lot with hers; if he were a bogga found saying, in print and out of it. t and pleasantest time of it. but still, st offer changing places with them. He th it they are the yeal rulers of the daughter, wife and mother they are t in worship of them, but be leaves th great thing to be a man. but he is not should sometimes declare tlieiuselv* s and be men, i^the dust and grime of wild, useless efforts to escape from t lh?y wish to be men in order to show If they were women, and that they ar< he forgives to their ignorance and in< count for, He forgives it with a srnih r ailrcad Corves. cc said. when ashed the score; of en?? arc so many that no one can keep them, isinp of curves is one of them, tow slight, have always been laid as arcs t rail is raised accortlimr to the sharpness lima ted speed of trains that arc to rormd :!n on a one decree curve needs an outer than the inner rail: a slower rrain a lis explanation ti.at a train going faster :ck is prepared would shoot oft' tfye rails, one provided for would grind the flanges i servieeahle average lor trains of varying ir locomotives around the curves as dose table check 0:1 iiiali speeds. The Knipire r two miles ;it the rate of 1011 miles an <*k. A heavy curve would have shot the f a mile 'cross country, tin most roads, sale, though very costly, s of the last few years, in relaying tracks, with the sudden lift of the outer rail tha-i piers know, have laid a slight parabolic back 011 the straight track, and have eie>ng that curve to the maximum. The renew? has been the annihilation of curves itii eyes s?hut he cannot tell whether the Work. ? ioieoii's Follies. sanlUes. for they were nothing less, the m of Russia. What motive can he have dirious ambition, and what was also un11. sheer love of the bloody game of war? 011 encountering the Russian army of deer. winning an Austerlitz or a Jena, die1 to Austria or Prussia, and returning to ved in the character of his enemy, battle at Sniolensko. The Russians, 'rentier, retreated ltefore him, gave up Hod him to make a march in wnicn ne sr. and after handling him very severely rins it in flames. They then refused to v to decamp without having provided for st his entire army in the wintry wastes, t of Kutusoff in lettinp him aiul his guard fallen into the hands of the enemy. This le and more tragical than any blunder of >f a blunder, or ltss of a detraction from >r even from that of the commander? It lespor has for evil. There was probably polcon himself, who desired the ltussiaa ent of he Racing Hull. r.de that as an experiment in the shapes )f this year are to be of greater interest the Galatea period the stem rose vertier. while the stern overhung the water by adside view of either of them showed a ioked like a sled runner cut from a plank Seen from another iwiut of view the bow md to be a vertical wedge, thin and sharp, and it was a question among builders s like an ax or hollow lines like a razor. Iso something of a vertical wedge, though cral dimensions the Galatea was loii feet e waterline, fifteen feet wide, perhaps ten ht was thirteen feet six inches. Her sues 100 feet long over all, was twenty-three rt deep under the deck, und she drew ten see how far we have traveled in changing 'or Shamrock III., though hut three feet ig over all. The old boat had an overhang while the new boat has an overhang of new defender, when compared with the same changes in length, to old yachts was a wedge that rode the fhe forward half of Shamrock III. is not dse, while the stern half is drawn out Into dge with its edge laid parallel with the a scow. The Reliance, however is a scow t her bow comes to a point above water, edge to the water, and therefore in every to stand in front of a yacht and marvel Now we stand off abeam and look with aft lines. One sees at a glance why the >refore more swiftly, driven through the c or acute ancles to the water, where the les.?The World's Work. ere Men. e expression in women: "Oh, if I were Sould just like to bo a man. once!" I ig to be a man!" In all honesty, thou, or in she is obliged to have, is not woman, when 'iug her life over again, thinking of living she wishing to set an example to her lnisn himseif so little able to set 011 example e discipline slie is believed ofte nest to in* A very strange thing in regard to this is be women. The weakest, the unhappiest, 1 to wish himself a woman, and when lie t is certainly a man's life that he lias in v that a woman is much better by nature, rentier, and yet be does not ask to - hauge r. and she a queen, lie would not. He is hat women have by far the safest, easiest miohow. lie does not envy tin 111 enough to will tell them, as lie has often told them, world, and that in tlie sacred quality of lie holiest beings on earth: he bows down 0111 their altar. lie does not think it any : surprised that the objects of his idolatry tr? ilpcfpml from tlipir liiirli nlat't'S affairs, tlip din and lioat of battle, and the he struggle of life. He understands that men what men ought to be. and would he ; not meaning permanently to be men, and experience what he could not otherwise acp, and possibly with a chuckle. THE RACE!y MERICA'S CUP. ^y\ the lilue IUbbon of JVJ the Sea. has inK/1 ft I spired. British .///Ji\ yachtsmen to put ivforth their uiiplit"-!/ f\ ?\\ i?*st efforts ever \'Vj \ siiico it was cnp7 tired from them by ||j the victorious Ameri? a half a century ?)~:Z' aeo. The attempts Thomas Llp?? Ion. Hart., to "lift tin- mug" are familiar to every . meriean who takes an interest in sports. esj?eeially in yachting. It seems almost incrwiihle that so much money, what would he more than an ample fortune even in these days of huge accumulations of wealth, should he spent with no other object than to secure a silver cup of little intrinsic value. A few tig- M| ures concerning the cost f of the pastime in which r. \ Sir Thomas is indulging so freely should he of in- "' fr terest to lovers of thor- J ough sportnianship: J, He estimated the expense of his effort to get the cup in lsi'-.t at [ , (too. That, however, in Fx I eluded $4(K?.(MH) which he paid to Count l'lorio. of Italy, for the line yacht'*- I)E* j which the Count oalhn! S(,NKK the Aegusa. ;ui<l which is now known j as the Erin. This would leave liis actual racing expenses in IMP.) at $400,(mh>. It is probable that the cost of the second races in him was a lit tie over that tip ire, but still within $.">00,000. In other words, including the sum or $500,000 or thereabouts for the purt chase and refitting of the Erin, the total cost to the challenger in the last two series of races was somewhere in the nelghlmrhood of $1,500,000. But the cost of the Erin is not. of course, a legitimate factor in the estimate of the actual racing expenses. Probably '' these last for both secaft. wHixoE. ries were $850,000. Leaving the yacht proper and coming to the collateral expenses, there is r~ ' . i : ; - ; / ./ J I SHAMROCK III., THE CHALLEX< ! as tbe largest item the cost of running **1A """!? ^???? oot* Hm ! lilt? ."HOT III ^UCiil 1^1 111, 1 VJl, Ott J III\. V?.w | months she actually is In service in connection with the races. This was estimated by a man familiar with the subject at $:10,000 a month?$00,000 in all. While Sir Thomas Upton repeatedly expressed his confidence in Shamrock III.'s ability to win back the America's Cup, it appeared that his confidence was not shared by those who were actively concerned in the management of the Shamrocks. That Designer Fife, who had a reputation at stake, and who knew the challenger as a father knows his child, had grave doubts as to Shamrock III.'s ability to cope with Kelianee was evidenced by the fact that under his orders the bowsprit of the challenger was lengthened three feet. So radical a change in the rig of the yacht was important, not so much because it increased tbe area of the head sails and changed the trim of the yacht, but chiefly because, on account of having been effected on the very eve of the cup races, it indicated that the owner and designer of the yacht were not satisfied with the trim of the I THE UXDERBODY OF challenger and wanted to make last-! minute improvements on the sail plan as originally designed. Such a change. If it had been made before the yacht Ice Fraud Exposed In tVashlnRton. Frauds have been discovered in the sales of the American Ice Company in Washington to the several branches of the district government. The scales used by the company in weighing caused a shortage of fifteen out of every 100 pounds ordered. Free Distribution of 1'Ihle*. It is reported that, in view of the looting of Boer Bibles that took place during the late war. the British Bible Society is to make a free distribution of 5000 Dutch Bibles bound in leather. for amer ' r- ????????? RELIANCE, THE AM] crossed the Atlantic, would not have excited comment, hut occurring as it, did just before the cup races, it was a | tacit admission on the part of her owner and designer that the yacht was not fast enough. While the contest decides the ques; ' -i ' ' " ' . * ' '* , / / . " ."-S > "> * ' ' ' " * ; ..i- A. v-r. ,XV- ' - '*&. \ - ' Y 3ER FOR THE AMERICA'S CUP. tlon of superiority as racing machines between the Reliance and Shamrock III., there has long been a growing NATL IIERKESHOFF. C. O. IS] (Respectively Designer. Managing 0 opinion among yachting experts that a convincing test of the relative merits of opposite theories of yacht tie-! signing, especially of hoats which i . ' q J; \ -V ! I' '; '* : : a ' ?. f* ; i r -. ; ??r . .. ; THE RELIANCE. shall ho useful for cruising purposes ' after racing contests, is as far oil as i i ever. i But the New York Sun voices the '1 Child Death-Itute in Spain. The mortality among children in Spain is extremely great. During the I last six years the number of children t who died under one year of age in t Madrid alone was 22.11(50, as against [ 4U<5i> in Paris during the same period. | German Fleet to Visit Us. Advices from Berlin state that CJermany will send a tleet of her finest war vessels to participate in the naval ' display at Hampton Roads in eonnee- ( tiou with the opening of the World's : Fair at St. Louis May 1, 1904. ( I \ IICA'S CUR. / . mmmrnrni x ERICAX DEFENDER. sentiments of an influential yachting element when it says that the truth ia that the larger problems of yaeht designing have been solved, and we owe their solution to the struggle for the America's Cup. The American type of yaeht is no longer a wide, shallow hull with inside ballast and a sail plan SIR THOMAS LIP70N, BART. founded on a great hoist of lower sails and short topmasts. The Britsh model is no longer a plank set ui>on edge and * 1 ? 1 it a Kept mere uy **i iu?iu ui it%iu uu no w\. torn, and propelled by a set of sails of which the main one is low and wide and surmounted by a long topmast. The managing-owner of Reliance, the defender, is C. Oliver Iselln, the leading yachtsman in America. He is now forty-six years old. He was elected a member of the New York Yacht Club in 1M77, and has since become a life member. Though of Swiss ELIX AND CAPTAIN BARR. wner and Skipper of Reliance.) descent lie is tall and slender enough to he called a typical Yankee seaman, and his cast of countenance would confirm his claim to that title. The skipper of the Reliance Is Captain Charles Barr, who steered the Columbia to victory in the two previous international contests, when Sir Thomas failed to bring winning boats across the line off Sandy Ilook. The designers of the defender, it is needless to add. are the famous Ilerreshotl brothers, who have done much to in reuse the nrestitre of America as the land of peerless boat builders. Shamrock III. was designed by William Fife, who also designed Shamrock I. Captain Wringe, wlio is considered the most daring and capable seaman in all r.ritaiu. is skipper of the challenger, and to him and tiie speed pialities of Shamrock 111. Sir Thomas Lipton pinned his faith to "lift" the America's Cup. San Francisco Man Goes t'p in Airship. I)r. August (Jreth lias made an ascension from San Francisco in a dirigible balloon, or airship, which he constructed. He did not cut loose from cable connections with the ground. Miners l'erlsh in Grand Canyon Itapids. In order to reach a country where ndians said rich gold gravels existed wo mining men attempted to shoot he most violent rapids in the Grand 'anyon of the Colorado and perished 11 the attempt. The victims are P. LI. dctianigle and Charles McLeau. Coal Discovered In British Columbia. A large area of coal and petroleum ias been discovered in Ivootenay. It. A. near the northeast corner of Idaho, nid within twenty-tive miles of the 'auadian Pacific ltailway. A SPLENDID RACE , ^ Reliance Beat Shamrock Badly in the Saturday Event n !< ni/rnivuri 111ir. VIII UK 1 WA5 UTCKVf IICLIIIIIIU. Conditions Were Favorable For Fine Racing and the American Yacht Showed High Qualities. New York, Special?The international yacht races hove occupied a great deal of public attention. The first day's work, on Thursday was a complete failure, owing to the dense fog and a lack of breeze. However the American craft showed its ability to distance the challenger. The conditions on Saturday were highly favorable for fine work and the racing is thus given by the Associate Press correspondent: In a splendid 12 to 15 knot breeze, over a windward and leeward course of 20 miles, the gallant sloop Reliance j Saturday beat Shamrock III in com| manding style, in exacting nine min: utes, actual time; or seven minutes and I three seconds after deducting the one minute and fifty-seven seconds which the defender concedes to Sir Thomas Lipton's third challenger, on account of the sailing plan of the measurements. The natical sharps, who had already made up their minds on Thursday that the Reliance could take the measure of the challenger in any kind of weather, regard the day's test as conclusive, although they hardly anticipated so I overwhelming a victory. The race even 1 dampened the ardor of Sir Thomas. , who insisted, after Thursday's fluke. ? that his confidence in the beautiful 1 craft designed by Fife was greater than ever. Still, like a true sportsman, he does not acknowledge defeat, and hopes for better luck next time. The signal criticism he and hi3 friends j make of Saturday's race is that the i only shift of the wind which occurred was to the advantage of the defending yacht. As this shift of the wind occurred on the windward beat, even granting that it accounted for Reliance's ipfld at the turn, the time the Defender made on the run home was more than ample to have given her the race. It must be conceded, however, that the Shamrock showed herself a wonderful boat in beating to windward, perhaps the ablest craft in this respect that was ever sent across the Western ocean on a cup-hunting expedition. For 12 miles the single-stickers raced like a team of horses, and during that portion of the duel the patriots made no attempt to conceal their nervousness. The racing conditions were ideal. A thin haze hung over the Jersey shore, obstructing the view of the spectators I gathered there, but out on the ocean race-course the sea was flooded with sunshine from a vault of fleckless blue. A long ocean swell heaved up from the south, and a 12-knot breeze, fresh and strengthening, blew out of the southwest, throwing up fleeting white caps cn the sparkling bosom of the ocean. < The marine picture was superb. As the direction of the wind would have carried a windward course from Sandy Hook lightship into the Jersey shore, the committee was obliged to set the mark seven mile3 further out. This delayed the start about threequarters of an hour, and prevented the massing of the excursion fleet, as usu al, in the form of a- great marine amphitheatre back of the starting line. Instead of being kept back by the revenue cutters, they formed a column of hulls and stacks, extending three miles toward the Jersey shore, the yachts around the line completing the shape of a fish hook. The course, southwest, carried the yachts directly into the eye ! of the wind, to a point off Asbury Park. From start to finish the defender had the best of the situation and the dose was marked by much enthusiasm on the part of the immense throng of spectators. Funeral Directors. Indianapolis, Ind., Special.?The National Association of Funeral Directors elected the following officers: President. Col. J. M. Connelly, of CharlesI ten. S. C.; first vice president. L. M. Pen well, of Topeka, Kan.: secretary, U. M. Kilpatriek, of Elmwood, II!.. reelected: treasurer, C. A. Miller, of Cincinnati, 0., re-elected. St. Louis was chosen as the next meeting place. Humberts Convicted Paris, By Cable.?All the members unmhrrf family were found Ui 11IC 44 wrw. ? ? guilty. The foreman of the jury announced that the verdict was affirmative concerning the questions of falsification and swindling, and negative upon the subsidiary questions. The verdict considers extenuating conditions. The court sentenced Madame* Humbert and her husband each to five years' imprisonment and a fine of lt>0 francs. Emile D'Aurignac was sentenced to two years' imprisonment. Romain D'Aurignac was sentenced to three years' imprisonment. Madame and M. Humbert will undergo solliary confinement during their term of imprisonment. Anniversary of State of Franklin.. Knoxville. Special?The 119th anniversary of the organization of the State of Franklin was celebrated at Joncsboro Saturday. The attendance from the seven counties of Tennessee and North Carolina, forming the State, was large. Speakers of note were present from all over the country. This is the first public observance of the kind.