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THE COUNTY RECORD. Pabliihed Every Thuriday ?at? TCNGBTREE. SOUTH CAROLINA. ?by ? 0. W. WOLFE . Editor and Proprietor. "The Syracuse Post-Standard thinks ft. Hit I W lifii ULJl'U UO ^,11 IO ivmy and daily devote themselves to some .vigorous physical employmeut, no matter though It does "jog the hairpins and wilt the cellars," they will "give up less of their time to sickness'' than is now given. < For many generations after the first bale of cotton raised in the United States was sent to market most of the cotton plantations of the country were cast of the Father of Waters. But sow nearly one-half cf the entire American crop cf cotton come." frcm the territory west of the Mississippi. ' American-made trolley cars to whiz between Athens and Piraeus in Greece, over the ground where struggled the Spartans with Thrasybulus, and Lacedaemonian troops did som ravaging and looting. It will seem a little to ask for a transfer frcn the Acropolis to Hadrian's bath cr push the button for tjie motorman to step at the Equestrian gate. Byron's cynical definition of fame fes dying for your country and having your name spelt wrong in the Gazette Is recalled by an anecdote in the New York Herald's special cabled letter from London the other day. As the story runs, the author of several appreciative books on Admiral Drake anu his successors wrote to the British naval authorities suggesting that a new battleship should be called the Drake, and received the reply that tnere was no precedent for naming a battleship for a bird! A new law of vision is said to have ' been determined by experiments conducted under the supervision of Professor Dodge, of the Psychological Department of Wesleyan University, Af ifl/llotnu-n Prmn Tf is this tll.1t the eye, while in motion, distinguishes nothing in a complex field of vision. It seems to be proven that the eye must rest, looking at some definite part of a still object, for about one-twentieth of a second before it sees anything. Several years ago Professor Dodge showed that the operation of reading, consists not in a sweepiug oi the eye across a page, but in a series of pauses. A Chicago justice of the peace has sentenced #a young man to save $100. The youth was arrested for playing base ball in the public street and for the added misdemeanor of advising a nolice officer who objected to go and jump in the river. As the lad was playing duriug business hours the magistrate shrewdly opined that he was an idler, and hence the sentence. The culprit Is to report at stated intervals and exhibit his savings bank account, sentence to be suspended as long as he shows reasonable progress toward the accumulation of $100. The sentence is a novelty in petty criminal jurisprudence, but it may be the salivation of the young man. It will be ^better for him than a workhouse sentence, at least, comments the Minueap. olis Times. "Graduated, but not present," was Jhe suggestive announcement made Concerning the class of 1001 at a wellknown institution of higher learning. A majority of the class did not appear at commencement, though their names i were called and their degrees were conferred. The case "was extraordinary, but the explanation was simple and satisfactory. The services of the young men had been sought and engaged by business men so urgently that the president of the institution had given the students permission to leave school and go to work in advance of actual graduation. Their .courses of study were satisfactorily completed and their examinations passed, and it was thought to be not worth while to keep them away from the industries which needed them for so long as even the few days yet remaining before the formal close of the tcadeinic year. - - V . MALARIA AND MOSQUITOES. Some Valuable Expert Information flade Public. The most pre\alent disease in North Carolina, certainly from now until frost, is malarial fever in one form or another. It is by no means confined to the low lying Eastern section of the State, but is quite abundant in many I localities in the hill country, having been reported even from Cherokee. By recent scientific investigations the cause of the fever has been shown to be a mircroseopic animal known as the Plasmodium malariae or hemamoeba vivax, which feeds upon the red corpuscles of the blood?hence the pallor, of persons suffering from chronic malaria. The development of this little parasite in the blood is as follows: One of the spores, or baby germs, so to speak, enters a red corpuscle and, feeding on its contents, grows until at the end of twenty-four hours it has become nearly as large as the corpuscle. It then, by a pro- | cess known as segmentation, splits up into a dozen or more little spores again, which for a short time are trr-e in the blood and unattached to the corpuscles. It is just as the segmentation occurs that the chill comes on, which explains the periodic recurrence of the ckill every twenty-four hours, and as it has been found that quinine Is most effective in killing the germs while they are free in the blood and not buried in the substance of the corpuscles, the best time to give quinine is just before the chill is expected. The method of the introduction of the malarial poison, the Plasmodium. I certainly the chief method, has been 1 demonstrated beyond all question to j be the sting of a certain variety of | mosquito known as anopheles, the j common mosquito, which while more j abundant is innocent as a carrier of disease, being known as culex. The latter species will breed in still water of any kind, no matter how pure, but the former, our eifemy, will only breed in stagnant pools in which there is a certain amount of vegetable matter, especially if there are no fish, such as top minnows or sun-perch, which feed upon the larvae or wiggletails. This explains the fact that malaria is much more abundant after freshets, in the course of which the stream, getting out of its banks, washes holes in the ground, and speedily falling leaves there stagnant pools with few or no fish in them. Mosquitoes are very much more abundant this exceptional year of freshets than usual. It also explains the danger of brick holes. The larvue, or wiggletails, as we generally call them, are the young mosquitoes. Although they live in the water from the time they are hatched from the eggs which were laid on the surface until they reach maturity they cannot live without air?they must breathe. Contrary to the general rule, they breathe "wrong end foremost"? through a long breathing tube which springs from the body near the tail and which they stick out of the top of the water when they want air. The bearing of this arrangement on their destruction will aopear later. There is a popular misapprehension in regard to the movement of mosn.iifooc The epneral impression is that they are carried by the wind, and people at the sea-side say that a lana breeze brings mosquitoes. It is a fact that they are more abundant when the breeze is from the land or in a calm, but according to those who know best the fact probably is not that they are blown from the swamps to landward, but that they simply come out again from the trees and shrubbery and the lea side of houses where they had taken refuge from the strong sea breeze which was too rough for their fragile bodies. With rare exceptions they travel it is said .seldom more than a mile, and generally not bo far. When one is troubled with mosquitoes a careful search will almost always reveal stagnant water in the near vicinity. The destruction of mosquitoes and the consequent prevention of malaria is accomplished in two ways: First and best, by the thorough drainage of all stagnant pools of water, and second, by keeping the surface of such pools covered with petroleum, what is known as light fuel oil, or "**" " j * kainnr even ine crcue ijcu uicuw u?ug . ter and cheaper than ordinary kerosene. The film of oil prevents tl^e larvae from breathing and smoth?"* them. The quantity necessary is oi.e ounce or two tablespoonfuls to every fifteen square feet of surface, repeated every two weeks. This oil method was employed with great success last year by the city of Winchester, Va.. and our own town of Tarboro has recently shown a most commendable spirit of enterprise in adopting it. Some care and a little expense in securing protection against mosquitoes and in providing a supply of pure drinking water will practically insure against malaria. To those interested in this subject I cordially commend a verT interesting and valuable book on mosquitoes written in popular and entertaining style by I)r. L. O. Howard, the Chief Entomologist of the United Statc.?, and published by McClure, Phillips and Co.. New York, at a cost of $1.0-1, postpaid. Richard H. Lewis. M. D.. Secretary State Board of Health. \ ' r . "a general strike Ordered By President Shaffer, of The Amalgamated AUGUST IOTH SET AS THE DAY. A Gigantic Contest Now On Between Labor and Capital? 100,000 Men Will Be Idle. Pittsburg, Special.?The die is cast. The battle of the giants is on in earnest. whether to ignominious defeat of one side or the other, or compromise, remains to be seen. Up to Tuesday evening it has been merely a skirmish, each side trying to find the vulnerable spot in the other's armor. Now it is different, brought about by the actual issuance by President Shaffer of the long talked of general strike order. This order was promulgated to take effect after the last turn of the mills on August 10. What the result will be no man can foretell, but judging by the expressed determination of both parties to the controversy the battle will be waged fast and furiously. Much money will be lost, thousands upon thousands of men will be idle, great suffering is looked for, even bloodshed and death are possible. and feared. The strike call includes practically all Amalgamated men in the United States Steel Corporation's employ, not now on strike. It was issued from the Amalgamated Association headquarters and mailed to all Amalgamated lodge officials, who are expected to call their men into the strike. The text of the call follows: "Brethren: The officials of the United States steel trust have refused to recognize as union men those who are now striving lor the right to organize. The executive board has authoiized me to issue a call upon all Amalgamated and other union men in name and heart to join in the movement to fight for labor's rights. "We must fight or give up forever our personal liberties. "You will be told that you have signed contracts, but you never agreed to surrender those contracts to the United States Steel Corpration. Its officers think you were sold to them just as the mills were, contracts and all. "Remember, before you agreed to any contract you took an obligation to the Amalgamated Association. I* now calls you to help in this hour of need. "Unless the trouble is settled on or i before Saturday, August 10, 1901. rv mills wiil close when the last turn Is ! made on that day. "Brethren, this is the call to pre- j serve our organization. We trust you and need you. Come and help us and may right come to a just cause. "Fraternallv yours, (Signed) "T. J. SHAFFER." j President Shaffer added this state ment: "The call goes to the vice presidents j of the districts in which there are ; mills owned and operated by the Na- j tional Steel. National Tube and Fed- I eral Steel Companies, as well as to the officials of the lodges in the mills, i "No notice has been, or is being, j sent to the managers of the mills. We think their notice has come from the I other side and that they have had j warning of this ever since the inauguration of the strike. That ought to be ! sufficient." The order given out is expected to swell the number of idle men to more than 100.000. Cyclone at Norfolk. Norfolk, Special.?Norfolk was visited by a cyclone shortly after 2 o'clock Tuesday afternoon. The whirlwind came in the usual funnel* -1 1 woo tha snapeu cjuuu uuu iu *,***> ... . outlying portion cf the city and not | through the thickly-settled sections. | The roofs of 20 houses were blown ; away and several people were injured by failing timbers. In the country all the out-buildings on a large farm were demolished. Several houses in the town of Berkley were unroofed. Trees were torn up and chimneys blown down throughout the section passed over by the cyclone. No fatalities have been reported. The whirlwind was followed by a rain storm Chat almoist equalled a cloudburst. ricKInley Sends Condolence. Washington. D. C., Special.?President McKinley has sent the following message to Emperor Williams of Germany on the dpath of his mother, the Bowiger Empress Frederick: "State Department. "Woofcinirfrin D P A 11 f 0 "His Imperial and Royal Majesty, Wilhelm. German Emperor, Berlin: "I learn with deep sorrow of the death of Your Majesty's beloved mother, the Dowager Empress and Queen Frederick. Her noble qualities have endeared her memory to the American people in whose name and in my own I tender to Your Majesty heart-felt condolence. avilliam Mckinley/' The Drv Goods Market. New York. Special.?The demand on norne account for brown cottons has been limited but some bids reported for fair-sized quantities for export later were generally rejected by sellers. Coarse colored cotton goods are dull with no change in prices. Prints arc in fair demand for staples at steady prices. Fancies are quiet throughout. Ginghams are steady vritb moderate demand. 1 MORE TROUBLES AHEAD. The Invasion cf Venezuela Interests Washington Diplomats. Washington, Special?The situation in Colombia and Venezzuela continued to occupy much of the attention of officials here, and while it was not war. But the authorities heare prefer aspect, yet it was apprehended that both the official and unofficial advices indicated a condition of affairs which might mean war between Colombia and Venezuela, complicated by revolutionary outbreaks in both countries. During the day the State Department receiving a rather lengthy mail communication from Consul General Gudger, at Panama, and though this was dated nearly a month ago, it told of the landing of a revolutionary expedition and expressed the belief held at Panana, that this would be followed by ether expeditions. The Department also received a letter from Mr. J. Edward Simmons, of New York, president of the Panama Railroad, confirming his | communication of Friday, relative to the trouble of the isthmus, and stating that the superintendent of the road hr,d advised him as to the depredations of an insurgent band which did not number, however, much over 50 men. The more serious aspect of the matter was presented in the press dispatches from Willenstad, stating that the Columbians had again invaded Venezuela. There was no official confirmation as to this, but if it proves correct, there seems little chance of avaiding an open conflict between these two countries, as such an invasion by I Columbia would, in itself, be an act of : war. But the authirities here prefer ' to take a conservative view of the sit- j nation until official advices are in 1 hand. When inquiry was made as to why our officials at Bogota and else- j where did not send full information on the subject, it was stated that these ; officials were not there to ! communicate with us, but only to advise this government. At the Navy Department no further steps were taken toward sending ships to the isthmus. It was definitely decided to send the battleship Wisconsin down to San Diego, Cal., in case the desirability of that move became evident by the time she rechaed San Francisco and : * V. ? r*?o a ert Q rlviCOfl LUC O iaLC ucpai uucui r? HO ovs c* v* ? i OO V*. There was some comment, also as to the possibility of sending down some of the ships of the North Atlantic squadron. but Acting Secretary Hackett treated these suggestions as rather premature. There is no doubt, however, that an ample force will be sent from the squadron if its presence seems desirable. Williemstead Island of Couracoa. By Cable.?The Venezuelan government announces that a new Columbia invasion occurred Friday near Colon. The 11 invading force is commanded by the Columbia Minister of War. , Ready For Final Passage Montgomery, Ala., Special.?In the constitutional convention the committee on engrossment reported that the suffrage article had been engrossed and ji is ready for the final passage. The ' article v/as adopted by a vote of 92 to 19. This action finally disposes cf the article, which now becomes a part of the constitution. The section of an i article passed Thursday giving women the right of suffrage wa3 reconsidered after a lenghthy controversy, by a i vote of SI to 22. The convention also adopted a proposition providing that thereafter representation in Alabama shall bo based on population, and it shall not be changed by constitutional amendment. Pumont Orders New Balloon. Paris. By Cable.?M. Santos Dumont. finding that the envelope of his balloon has sustained so much damage that it Is inadvisable fo sew It together, has ordered a new one. work on which has already begun. It will have about the same volume as the one which burst Thursday, but instead of being cylindrical in form it will be ellpsoidal.. M. LaChambre,, who is making it. constructed the balloon for the Andrea polar expedition. He promises that the new envelope will be ready Sep> tember 1. Mr. Nation Sues For Divorce Medicine Ladgp, Kan, Special.? David Nation, through his attorney has I brought suit for a divorce from his wife. Mrs. Carrie Nation, the temper- , ance crusader. The petitioner. who is nor.- visiting in Iberia, 0.. alleges that ( his wif" held him up to public ridicule, neglected her famly duties and aban doited his home. 1 Strike Situation. ; Pittsburg. Special.?Tliere were j gravely important developments in the strike situation Friday. The United States Steel Corporation moved decisively in its strike campaign with a ( peremptory order directing that ".ho great Dewee3 wood plant at McKeosport be dismantled and removed to the Kiskimenetas Valley. President Gompers. of the American Federation of J Labor, after a two days' conference , v,-ith President Shaffer and his a??o- 1 ciates. issued a formal statement spr- i flcally pledging the Federation to tii- ] moral and financial support c? ti. t Amalgamation. 1 v v . ?r, -fftH BURNED AT STAKE Horrible Penalty Paid For Confessed Assault. t HIS CRIES FOR MERCY UNHEEDED Identified By H's Victim, John Wesley Pennington Made Full Confes* s;on and Paid the Penalty. Birmingham, Aia., Sperial.?With agonizing screams and his eye3 bulging * from his head, John Wesley Pennington, a negro, was burned at the stake near Enterprise, Ala., Wednesday morning, before a crowd of 5l)0 enraged citizens of Coffee county. The assemblage was composed of both whites and blacks, and althoHgh the negro pleaded for mercy and frantically endeavored to break the chains that tightly bound him, not a trace of sympathy was shown on the hardened faces that peered at him through the flames. Pennington had committed an assault on. Mrs. J. C. Davis, the wife of a prominent farmer of Coffee county, and had confessed his guilt. The crime was committed Tuesday afternoon while Mrs. Davis was gathering vegetables in her garden. As soon as she regained her senses Mrs. Davia crawled to the house and told her husband what had happened. A large posse was quickly organized and with bloodhounds they chased the negro until early in the morning when he was captured in a swamp. Pennington was bound hand and foot and taken back to the Davis home for identification. Word Df the assault had been sent by runners for miles around Enterprise and every farmer in the neighborhood ltft his plow to join in the search. Some of them were too late to join the pursuing party and went to the Davis home to awaic ineir return, inure is nut a telegraph office in Coffee county, but the message traveled rapidly and when the posse arrived with Pennington there were at least five hundred persons gathered near the Davis residence. A great shout went up when the prisoner was seen by the crowd, but at a signal the men withdrew to the woods and quietly awaited the result of the meeting between Pennington and Mrs. Davis. Mrs. Davis immediately recognized him and the negro broke drwn and wept. He admitted having committed the assault and pleaded for mercy. With cries of terror the trembling man was dragged from the house and into the woods where the crowd had gathered. Evidently expecting the confession, several of the citizens had driven a stake in the ground and as themen approached with Pennington, both r whites and blacks were piling brushwood around the iron pipe. The negro saw his doom and with a scream of terror, fell to the ground in faint. H* was quickly revived and?dragged to the Btake while the crowd stood silently by. The frightened man was limp and had to be held up while the chains were fastened around his neck and body. When all was ready the cry wa3 given and the crowd stood back. A match was applied to the pile and with oil to feed upon the flame socn burst into a roaring fire. The terrified negro again, plead for mercy in agonizing tones and prayed to God that those around him might perish. He then called on hla Maker for forgiveness. A deathly silence enveloped the awfaul scene and in a few minutes the flames had donetheir work. A Bad Washout. Raleigh, N. C., Special.?A special tothe News and Observer, from Albemarl, N. C.. says: "The most destructive rain fell in and around this point Monday night that has fallen here in forty years. Little Long creek washed out a All on the. Yadkin Railroad and swept away about 200 feet of the track. Trains have been tied up here for twelve hours. Great damage was also done to crops. Several bridges and water mills were washed away. Th? rainfall was about fifteen inches." IKIa ClnnHc 1 ti iuiv ? ivvwa. Victoria, Special.?Great floods caused by the overflowing of the Yang Tse have caused the death of many thousands in China. The river has risen forty feet, and for hundreds, cf miles the country is a great lake with only tops of trees and an occasional row of houses showing. At Kiau Kiang. the native town is flooded and two feet of water stands in the foreign settlements. Lower down the river towards Swu Hue, the destruction was greater and boatmen estimate that 20,000 were dr#wned in the district. Rich Gold in Georgia. Atlanta. Special.?Samples of ore and gold, accompanied by regularly attested affidavits, have been received in Atlanta, showing a remarkably rich strike cf gold in Wilkes county, near Washington, Ga. The affidavits show that out of 1,407 pounds of ore, 1.7S5 [>ennyweight of gold was taken by imalgamation. State Geologist Yeates will make an official report. : j ifitb