Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE COUNTY RECORD. ! Published Every Thursday ? AT? UN GST K EE, SOUTH CAROLINA, ?u v? LOUIS J. BltliTOW, Editor aud Proprietor. A correspondent to the London Chronicle, who has been delving 111 the by- ways of the patent ollice, lias I discovered that the modern typewriter the machine, not the operator lias had many forerunners. Tu 1711 Jann s i Mill took out a patent for a machine in England to "write in printed characters. " Exactly a hundred years Into:- Bain and Wright, both Englishmen, invented writing machines; nether inventor, Thurber of Worcester, attempted a perfection of the some idea; while as recently as 18") 1 a II. Foncanlt of Paris patented a very ' elaborate writing machiue, the model - ' - .1. . Of VlUCll was 8UOWU s:i 1U* gicai v.r hibitiou. The Philadelphia Press quotes this ties criptioa of the Chilkojt Pass from | a private ietter: "The elevation of Chilkoot Pass is thirty-five hundred feet, and nearly twenty-five hundred feet of this occurs at one place. Here one must use both Lauds and feet to ascend, and before it is possible to reach a place with sufficient room to rest, the weight of the pack seems Lenf 0:1 crushing out one's life. The *ummit is a glacier,and for four or rive miles down this side of it we traveled over ice. The trail is dotted with hastily dug graves, some with names ronghly carved on wood, and others with uo sign save a rude cross of sticks, which the first winter's snow will obliterate. Some died from sheer exposure and exhaustion, some through accident, and a few from desperation put an end to their torment , with a bullet." t s fi'ma in o vanv nv t\Vf? Wfi <7et WOl'd I from the little coznmuuitv of Pitcairn's Island, in the far Pacific, ami just ! now a report comes to the New York Journal that it has been without raiu for a year and its people are having a fwuine. Pitcairn should be relieved, though it requires some vessel 011 the way to Australia to go somewhat of its track to leave provisions. It will not take much, for the people are few. Their island home is little more than 4 ,,. ruilou lunnr ond a mile wide. lis I climate is salubrious in the language of the geographies, anil its soil is fertile. When the tine share of rain comes it produces more than the people need, aud many a wandering vessel has found supplies there, though the little island is ofl'the beaten track of ocea! voyaging and seldom visited. They are universally reported to be a aiiuple, industrious, sober and Godfearing people, these descendants of the mutineers A the "Bounty" and their Tahitan wives. Theirs is one of the romantic stories of the sea, and that they have survived on the lonely isle, away from the rest of tuo world, is due to the teaching and discipline of one of the original mutineers, who called himself John Adams. More than a hundred years this tiny democracy has lasted on Pit( aim's lslland, and it is always interesting to get a message from it, but it is sad to hear that it is hungry. The next shij. leaving San Francisco to cross the equator should carry it food. Wanderers of the Sea. Nearly all of the old-time pirates have disappeared from the seas, bnt there arc yet many ocean marauders that are almost as much dreaded as these outlaws of the black flag. Oftentimes when a ship goosfclowu at sea it is deserted by its crew and left at the mercy of the waves. If it Is a wooden ship 8IU1 turns over in jusi uie proper way or fails to till entirely, it will sometimes float for years, the sport of every storm. It is tlien known as a derelict, and every seaman fears it. for shonld he steer his craft into it on some dark night it might stave ;i hole in his prow, and derelict and ship go down together. There is no chart that can place these wanderers, no telling just where they may bo, and they are therefore doubly dangerous. Oftentimes a derelict will remain wandering about the ocean for / many years. It will get into the gulf stream and bo swept across the Atlantic. and up to the coast of England; then it will sweep down the shores of Europe in the vast ocean eddy, reeross the Atlantic and go northward again in the gulf stream. Every mariner that sights it reports to the naval authorities and it is marked on the monthly charts so that ship captains may look nt for !t. Sometimes, if it is a big derelict. a gunboat Is sent out on a chase to look for it. and if it is found the tailors charge it with dynamite and it ts blown off the face of the seas forever. "I have a doctor's certificate here that I cannot sing to-night." said the prima donna. "What?" roared the manager; "I'll give you a certificate that you never could sing." Detroit Free Press. wwlffc s ' jIff|j|1-\ liStei illi :?i2saat>-al,!= Nfiv Itiv'ti in Furnishhy;. Those who love the flavor of new i mown hay will he glad to learn of a new idea in the furnishing of a conn- j try home or summer cottage. The Indians of the North make a clumsy hut handsome matting of the Indian ; meadow grass, whieh is very aromatic ' and keeps exhaling its odor for j months and even years. It is applied ns a wainscoting to a sitting room and . also as a carpet to the door. The color is a cool and handsome sage j green and the perfume in damp j weather makes the house seem like a i hay held in midsummer.?New York Mail and Express. To Stiffen Laves. The best kind of starch to use for l stiffening laces, handkerchiefs, wash- | ing silks or auv other thin fabric is ; made with gum arabic. Put an ounce of gum arabic into a bottle and pour , over it a cup of cold water aud place it over the lire until the gum is dissolved; then strain it through a lino sieve or a piece of cheesecloth into another bottle. When it is cold add to it half a gill of alcohol and it will he ready for use when needed. For dainty laces half a teaspoonful of the starch mixed with a half cupful of water will give ample stiffness. Larg-! er amounts should be added according to the nature of the different fabrics. J Xo Longer Wear ttluslin Caps. French nav3cs are 110 longer wearing muslin caps with long streamers ol wide colored ribbons. That is quite out of data in Paris. A ' bonnet" or lace cap lined with pink or blue silk, and without trimmings, has j replaced it. A wreath of ribbon without ends is seen on some liuc needle- j work caps, but the ribbons are narrower than those formerly used. Brittany caps are seen in the Bois and parks, and the Bordelr.ise is met occasionally. It is a silk kerchief carefully twisted over the head. The Florentine headdress always attracts attention, with its fine golden pins run through raven tresses. An Alsatian nurse is recognized by her big bow, i,?,. w??ir UUU ** owauiou ui.ii.ow *- j viwwm - ? v w. inaatilla. Fans and I'arasols For Urides. Fans raid parasols uro as usual favorite gifts tills year, either for her friends to bestow upon the bride or the bride to present to the attendants. The fan, like the parasol, can cost very little or a great deal, and in both cases be dainty and pretty. Charming fans for bridesmaid gifts are of silk and gauze, with sticks of painted woods, decorated with gold and silver scroll work, or of feathers with a circle of gauze let in the middle, showing a little Wat tea a scene painted thereon, or a monogram wrought in sequins. Farasol.s of light silks with net or moussaline overslips and big j ' 1 I CDOUX Ol IllOUSSei lli e Oil up Uliii uuam;, and for the wedding a spray of iiowers fastened oa one side, are not j expensive, and charming souvenirs for bridesmaids. Servlnj tlio Ilo^tes* First. lie custom of serving the hostess first at luncheons or dinners seems a highly commendable one. There are so many little vagaries and novelties of service nowadays that it is difficult to know them all. A lady who was a gaest of honor at a recent dinner found herself embarrassed by having a platter handed her holding, apparently, a whole turkey. She glanced it over with quick iqmrehensiou and could see no evidence of its having ; been carved. Thinking that frankcess was the best way out of the situa- j tion, she appealed to her hostess for instruction, which, of course, was courteously imparted. It was with both chagrin and relief that she found the turkey was in a condition to yield to the touch of a fork inserted in any part of the fowl of which she wished to partake. The list of table silver grows every season. Many of the utensils are passing fancies and are not heard of, perhaps, outside of circles who constantly seek such novelties. Obviously, the hostess knows how she wishes her guests served, and her example is often a relief and comfort.? New York Eveniug Tost. A Fad For Encased Girls. It used to be the correct thing when a young wonjiau was engaged to be married to have a double picture frame in her boudoir, or bed room, containing a.photograpli of her fiance and herself. Twenty-five years ago it was the fashion to have your photograph taken with the young man you were engaged to, and that was placed on your dressing table. Now there is a new fad. You must not, of course, be photographed with your fiance that is uot considered good form. Nor must you even have your picture in the same frame with his. The new fad is to have a frame holding fonr cabinet size photographs, and in this you must put four pictures of your fiance in four difT ,?4. rtnA fill! foAA AUO C1 ll ^ lereuc puaitiuiio?isuv *u?4 w.?.v face, one three-quarters face and one profile. It is rather uu interesting idea, as it is astonishing how changed a person's expression is with the face in different positions. One of these sets of photographs was seen the other day on a young girl's writing desk, and it was hard to believe that the profile and full face were of the same man. This is one of the latest fads for en Q1KII fjjEStiji iMirii gngail men as wcil as girls.?Detroit Free Press. Line's About the Throat. Years, as they increase, leave ihe track oI their wheels tirst on the throat. Sometimes p. womnu may have a sou, smcom completion, aim shapely juvenile figure. even when advanced in middle age, ami she might pass fur quite young were it not for those toll-talc lines at her throat. Ami these are so successfully concealed by the ruffle that we need not wonder at its long reign of favortisua. Midddle-aged women, therefore, cannot be too thankful to the raffle, anil they cannot coax fashion too much to keep it in favor. Fro:io*i IIonic-CooVln~. "French home-cooking," said ono who has lived in a small city of France, : "is not properly appreciated in tlm country. Most of our people adopt and enjoy that which is found at the great hotels and restaurants, and never = >"1" vrtnli flmf tliosprpnvosent the ! wealthy classes of the large cities, and not the cooking of the homes of the | French people. This is probably more scientific and appetizing than the home-cooking of any other country. I France has passed through many ! periods ot groat poverty and distress, I and has learned through the best of all teachers, necessity, bow to live upon the simplest and cheapest ma terial?. Their own artistic nature has added t > this both beauty and enjoyability. Thus, for example, the famous pot-a-feu is soup, made, nine times out of tea, from vegetables alone, and yet it is richer and more nutritions than most home-made soups prepared from meat ami bones. "The bisque, which is nothing more or less iu its simplest form than boiled milk, into which has been rubbed or grated some animal tissue, and the cream, which is boiled milk in which has been put grated vegetable tissue, I are other excellent illustrations. ; 'Through this simple use of milk, | so.i]) can be made from a cold boiled i potato, two or three tomatoes, some j carrots, celery, lettuce and other famij liar food substances. "Another class of simple and wholo! some dishes consists of the salads i which are served to perfection in J southern France. The lettuce and J chicory, the salsify, water cress, beet ! top, the heart of a cabbage, the sprouts I of beans, dandelions, sorrel, chives, j shalot, onion, lentils and nasturtium i leaves and seeds, ana otuer nuiume forms of plant life, aro employed for this purpose. In this country enough vegetable resources of this sort are allowed to go to waste in the meadows ; and fields and gardens to give a salad once c week to every man, woman and child. Xew York Mail and Express. Fashion Fancies. Checked moire poplin. Foulards in small scrolls. Ties of heavy repped silk. Scocp-brimuicd hats again. Bordered foulards and pongees. Xcekties of plaided black gauze. Madras in plaids for shirt waists. Japanese kimonos or houso gowns. Black skirts with bayadere stripesBlack mohair Sicilian for odd skirts. Plaid taffeta skirts with ribbon frills. Shepherdess hats loaded with flowers. Alsatian bow effects for tiny bonnets. I Scarlet shirt waists of heavy repped silk. Black taffeta skirts having pinked ruffles. Covert cloth top coats in black and colors. Cashmere cowns braided with lace, shirred. Plain and fancy crepous in black and colors. Poplir.s having a velvety effect in ! the finish. i Straw hats trimmed with rntHes of : taffeta silk. Light cloth blouses having a fiat, fitted basque. Band trimmings iu net and cord like lace work. Light-weight tailor suitings in : monotone plaids. i Turbans with a straw brim and soft J silk crown. Shoulder capes of lace and monsselint: lined with silk. I Short cloth jackets with tucked { s'ceve tops and revers. Negligees of striped and plaided f aunel and flannellette. Bleck grenadine with romau stripes in bayadere effect. 1 Tailored suits of heavy cottons, as i piques, duck and madras. Black doub -faced satin saslies ! from four to eleven inches wide. Large silk and velvet flowers in the burnt orange hues. i ? | String ties, stocks and Ascot tios of bright plaid taffeta. Tailored jacket suits of covert and serge for girls of eight to sixteen. Traverse stripes of every variety in woolen aud silk goods. Drygoods ; Economist. : ' \ I </ y Y y f y ^ ^ ^ f1 f ^ y y y T j{ A A liS Jk 1^1 All /' ^ -^- -^- .Av-^^K <A. ^ ^ i Li < II " ^is : AVER'S j J 4 H CnronnoHllo :: l ^ ^ > The popular use of a spring medicine is founded on experience. 4 j l With the coming of the spring season comes languor, debility, a " dragged- 4 i* out'' condition and a general lassitude summed up in the familiar phrase? * "that tired feeling." J ^ A 1. mm ?ii. SZ j <?T\ <Si I 4 | from the gross effects of the fatty foods of winter, there is no medicine ^ ! ?r? equal to Dr. Ayer's Sarsaparilla. It not only cleanses the blood, but re- ^ K vitalizes it. It puts a spring into the step and a sparkle into the eye that betoken health. It restores the lost appetite, induces refreshing sleep,and 4 * reduces the liability to disease by neutralizing the conditions essential to . ^ < the development of disease germs. 4 t Always Ask for Aycr's. J < 4 > ^ "Asa spring medicine during the months of March, April, and May, I know of no other ^ m prepaiation that can begin tocompare with Ayei's Sarsaparilla. It is the leader of leaders." b ^ \V. A. WEISER, M. D., Houibon, Ind. ^ p 4 "I cannot speak too highly in praise of Ayei's Sarsaparilla. From experience, I can | recommend it as the best spring medicine." ISAAC S. SPARKS, l'atsey, Ky. 4 4 . l ^ " I have used Ayer's Sarsaparilla in ray family for years and highly recommend >it. As 'J ^ a spring medicine, it has no equal." A. 1>. NICHOLS, tilery St., Cambridge, Mass. > J " Ayer's Sarsaparilla has been a household companion in our family for years. I take it -m ^ every spring, beginning in April. It tones up my system, gives me an excellent appetite, ^ J j and makes me sleep like a top. As a blood meSidne, it has no superior in my opinion." ^ ^ H. K. WILDLY, Philadelphia, Pa. ^ j ^ 1 "Ayer's Sarsaparilla is without an equal as a blood puriner and spring medicine, and ^ cannot have praise enough. I have watched its effects in chronic cases, where other IP 1 ^ 1 treatment was of no avail, and have been astonished at the results. No other blood ?| ? medicine that I have over used, and I have tried them all, is so thorough in its action, and ^ j J effects so many permanent cures as Ayer's Sarsaparilla." A Dia II. F. MERRILL, Augusta, Maine. ^ ^ VP* 'V 'V .y. ISAAC B. POTTER. ! . i JONSUMPTION OF INTOXICANTS J IntcrcstiuK Fijturcs on tlic Drink Hills of Four Lcuilini; Nations. The British Board of Trade lias just ! published some figures showing the consumption of wine, beer and spirits in the countries of Europe and the United States. The report emphasizes one fact that is generally overlooked and that is that the consumption of the various intoxicating beverages is controlled, very largely, by climate. Spirits predominate for drink in the cold countries, beer in the more moderate and wines in the southern sections. Thus we sec- that spirits are used very largely in Scotland, northern Russia, Sweden and Norway, beer in England and (icrmauy, while in France, Spain and Italy wine Is drunk almost to the exclusion of other intoxicants. From this it would follow that beer should be chiefly used in the northern section of the United States and wine in the southern. What the effect of high taxation is upon a nation's drink bill is a subject not well settled, while it is well established that the amount of spirits consumed varies with tlie prosperity or purchasing capacity of the people; that ( 'arge vintages and correspondingly ( large production or wine increase nte t, amount of the per capita consumption ami that in most eases Increase in taxation and corresponding Increase in the cost of intoxicants somewhat reduce the amount consumed. There is con- j slderuble variation in the revenue derived by different nations front the tax- r ation of alcoholic beverages. In Great ltritaiu it is ."si per cent; in France 1J per cent; in the United States oO i>er ^ cent, and in Germany 17*4 per cent. j The following table gives tlie quantl- | ty of wine, beer ami /pint* in gallons. ' consumed per capita iu the countries v named: ' Country Wine. IJccr. Spirits. Z United Kingdom 0.40 ao.7 1.01 1 France 20.30 3.2 1.K5 c Oeniiany 1.(m; 23.3 1.04 United States 0.22 12.7 O.S'i 1 Probably the large amount of spirits n consumed in (Jermauy is due somewhat f to the fact that it Is clionper tlicre than '' in either I-'raiiec or (Jreat Britain. The 0 showing in the United States is certain- v ly creditable, for the people consume of 1 alcoholic beverages very much below ' lhe average of the four tuitions. | New President of the League of Amer- ! icon Wheelmen. Isaac B. Potter, the new president of the League of American Wheelmen, is a lawyer and one of New York's most ISAAC B. POTTER. ?nterprlsii)g citizens. For nearly a de ;ii1p he hits: ltppn hlpntiflod with lpnrnie iffalrs. IIo was chief consul of the S'ow York division. Under his able guidance New York's membership in he league was increased from 4.857 to learly lib,000. He fought the Albany obbyists anil obtained the passage of he Armstrong bicycle baggage bill. Hint was the first bill of its kind to ass in this country. Other States have inulated New York, and it is Mr. Toter's hope that before long every comnonwealtli in the United States will lave done likewise. He has done grand vork in the cause of good roads. That s his hobby. He once edited a maga;ine published in the interests of iniiroved highways. It is said the publication was the best of its kind ever indertnkon. Mr. Potter is a brilliant : rator and is one of the best parliamenarians in this country. Last year the eague grdw under ids direction. That rpanization passe<l the 100,000 mark 1 rlth him as its chief executive, and its rensurv is in a most prosperous condi ion. Ho may bo depended upon toconinue the pood work. I A Ulr i rrsui?i inc. is4.?-in. Russia's Powerful Ruler Gratefully Kemcmberti Dr. Tulmase. Of-e of the most remarkable gifts that ornament the home of Rev. I)r. Talmage since his return from his recent: weddinz trio is a Russian tea service of gold and enamel, a personal token from the Czar of Russia. The friendship of the Czar for Dr. Talmage dates back to the hard winter when the famine sufferers of .Russia 4 were aided by the food contributions of the Uiiited States. The reception of the American vessel at St. Petersburg . was enthusiastic in the extreme, rather Ih contrast to the spirit in which the same action by this country has been hailed at Havana. Like the present gift of the Czar, the intrinsic worth of the contribution, however welcome at the time, waS less considered than the spirit which prompted its tender. Dr.Talmage at the time the relief expedition left the United States was in Great Britain. He was requested bj this government to proceed to St. Petersburg and make the official presentation to the Russian government. He was warmlv welcomed bv EmDeror Alexander, then on the throne, received at the palace and presented to the royal family and there made the acquaintance of the Czarowitz Nicholas, now the Emperor of all the Russias. The friendship thus termed has lasted till the present time. As a matter ot fact, the present of Emperor Nicholas, while a welcome addition to the doctor's household effects, was not primarily intended as a wedding present, for, to speak in newspaper parlance, the doctor had "scooped" his friend the Czar on his nuptial event as well as all of his friends in this country, and the present had started from the other side considerably before the announcement of Dr. Tal mage's marriage was received here. However, when he received, notice that a gift from the Emperorf- awaited him, he felt none the less willing to get it. According to royal etiquette, the presentation had to be made on Russian soil, and the only conveniently adjacent bit of Muscovite territory was the deck of the Russian vessel Leo in the harbor of Philadelphia. Thither the doctor repaired and the presentation was made in due form.