Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ow???? ?? ^ I "the county record." Published Erery Thursday ? AT? KINGSTREE, SOUTH CAROLINA, ?B T? LOUIS J. BRISTOW, F.dltor and Proprietor. A a Infoof m irue ti'limll afuuiulu^ IU iuc iovcoi u^uivo ?tu?vu can be obtained, the number of pupils enrolled in the public schools of the United States amounts to 14,379,078, or nearly twenty per cent.^of the nation's population. Out of 400,325 teachers employed 130,369 are males and 269,956 females. The average monthly salary paid to male teachers is $47.37; the average monthly salary k paid to female teachers is $40.24. The number of publio schoolhouses in the United States is 240,968,and the value of all the public school property asr gregates $455,948,104. The cost of public school education in the United States per pupil is $18.92 annually. These figures do not include private schools nor higher institutions of learning which are sustained without the aid of State appropriations. Evidently this country is making rapid educational progress; although, o* course, there is still marked room for imnrnvom p?t Says the New York Times: 'Tf wo stop a moment to think of it, it is very remarkable that the absolute obliteration of sectional lines in the vote in the House on the defense bill excites no remark whatever. It is to-day as natural a thing that General 'Joe' "Wheeler, of Alabama, one of the most gallant of Confederate cavalry leaders, should greet Mr. Cannon's bill with a shout of applause as it was thirty r*rtr\ Oonavnl WhpalAr \vtU4. linvro/1 I J O VVUVAM4 ? **VV.V. WM. ? VV> from Congress by his Confederate Commission. The men who fought each other in that fierce arbitration by the sword are now so completely American, their feelings, convictions, interests are in such harmony -on questions of national import, that their common action is no more doubt, ed on one part than on the other. Yet this fact, to which our familiarity blinds us, is not oulv of tremendous importance, but is wholly without precedent in the history of the world. Never was there so desperate and bloody a Civil War. never so rapid and complete establishment of national unity. The historian of the next generation, sufficiently remote to catch the perspective of our rapidlymoving national changes, will see this more plainly than we, and he will find more interesting than the great struggle the story of the recovery from it, of the new start on a broader and more fruitful career. When he' strikes, in the Congressional Record, the vote on the defense bill, 'Yeas, 811; nays, 0,' he will realize more keenly thairwe do how wonderful a thing it is that the little cipher expresses all there is re maiaing of disloyalty to that Union for which the war was fought." The Washington correspondent of the Philadelphia Public Ledger states that it has been officially made known to <tor Government that the Canadian authorities desire to warn the public agdinst so-called traasportation companies which are offering, for sums ranging from $50 to $150, payable in advance, to convey persons from the Eastern States to Dawson City by Ca? ji? tA npnvirtA Them uuuiau luutuo aim iv v. -v. with food en route. It would be well if our Government could Imitate the Canadian authorities in warning the public against similar schemes to swindle Alaskan adventurers out of their money and possibly endanger their lives. The eagerness of inconsiderate persons to get to the goid fields renders them easy dupes to the wiles of the unscrupulous, and the latfer have been prompt to take advantage of the excited condition of tl^ public mind. A host of schemes in which the discerning can easily recognize fraud are being put forth to deceive the unwary. One of the most dangerous forms of these unscrupulous enterprises is that bf*preparing for the rough voyage to St. Michael ships that are hardly fit to carry coal aioug tne coast, uiu iiuikn utterly* uaseaworthy, are being patched and pain toil and made ready to go to soa with hundreds of passengers. They will be hardly more than death traps, and unless the Government inspectors Intervene to prevent, many a sanguine <-ompany of gold seekers will jail forth only to perish amid the waters of the oeean. The rush to Alaska this year will afTord a good opportunity for Government inspectors to begip enforcing more rigidly the laws for the protection of sailors and ocean voyagers. The need of a close and scrutinizing watch, cannot be doubted by any one who pays attention to the way affairs are going. Vmall nni-t? thot ?l*? known tO JlflVe barely ships enough to handle tlieir normal local trade are now advertising whole fleets of vessels for the Alaskan voyage. Not many ships in these swiftly created fleets come fresh and strong from the shipyards. Most of them have been hauled from the inner flats of coast harbors where they were anchored years ago as abandoned hulks unfit for further service. r 'A promoter named Small wants to organize a peanut combine in Virginia. Shucks! _ . ... _ 95B TlUac**. ^ ' *"ffl Plow deep and stir no the subsoil to let in air and water and to enable the roots to get hold of the plant food which lies deep in the soil. Practice shallow cultivation so as to retaiu the water supply in the soil. If there is dauger of the soil crusting over or baking, cultivate corn and potatoes even after the crop has set. Do not cultivate deep so as to disturb the roots. Get manure onto the land as soon as possible after it is made. Best results are obtained by spreading on grass land. It is easier to kill weed 1- * ii^lJ i. I l._ seeus iu me ueiu. lutui uy uuiupv.-juuj, the manure in the yard and less fertility is lost.?H. A. Briggs, of Wisconsin, in Orange Judd Farmer. Mildew on Gooseberries. The tart of the gooseberry is generally so well liked that it is a surprise that more of this fruit is not generally grown. Undoubtedly the fact that the gooseberry bushes are extremely liable to mildew is one reason why this fviiit Ja litflo onliiva + ad \ rnorii'ilTI summers are too hot and dry for it. For the same reason few gooseberries are grown in France, while the frnit is common in England, Scotland and Ireland. It used to be a saying that grapevines aud gooseberries could not be grown in the same climate, but if gooseberry bushes are planted in low. moist and shady places, nnd are mulched in hot weather, the tendency to mildew will be lessened. The mill dew itself will be destroyed by spraying with Bordeaux mixture, whichcau be done early, withont any danger of injuring the fruit.?Boston Cultivator. IMitntinc Trees in Groves. The gradual extermination of our native forest trees should lead us to take some interest iu making good, so far as we can, this wholesale slaughter. There are many farms iu all sections of this country where small groves of trees indigenous to the soil and cli mate raigai no piameu 111 locations practically of no value for any other purpose. In addition to the native forest trees there are many \arieties of nut trees which would do well in the localities indicated and be, in time, a source of profit as well. In many sections of the country maple groves may be planted with profit. A grove of fifty trees will not occupy much more thau a quarter of an acre of ground, and will produce from 200 to 230 pounds of maple sugar annually, worth on an average of ten cents per nnnnib t.Kia ia te f-.AV linthincr nf the J " O advantages of such a grove as shade for windbreaks and for the purpose of equalizing moisture and tompevature. A grove of maple trees could bo planted on every farm, where the tree will thrive, which is twenty acres or more in extent, and the ground occupied will never be missed. Such a grove in the pasture would be of sufficient benefit to the cows to pay for setting it out ovpn if nn ntlipv rptnvns were nossible. Guano vs. lion Manure. Tt is sometimes said by enthusiasts j \n the poultry business that their , stock of hen manure is worth as much as the same amount of guano. We don't like to discourage efforts to carefully save all the excrement that the poultry of any kind can furnish. But its value, though considerable, is far less usually than is generally supposed. It is always wet, aud, if the feed has been corn, it is very largely carbonaceous. In summer, when the fowls have a range aud eat many insects, their manure is much les valuable, because, besides the insects, Utnii* * ia mninlv crrase trlliftll is LUKJM.*. WWU , - - --J full of moisture. Besides, in summer, much of the uutriment of the food that hens eat goes to make the egg and its shell. Guano is the dung of birds whose diet is mainly sea fish, which are ^swallowed whole, and both bones aud flesh are digested together. It is accordingly very rich in both nitrogenous fertility and phosphate of lime, which last comes from the digested fish bones. Then this bird excroment is further condensed by drying in a raiuless climate for a longterm of years where the ma88 is compressed into little space. It would bo hard to make ordinary lieu manure as rich as guano. Still, it i3 worth saving. American Cultivator. The Best Way to Select Seed Corn. The matter of selecting seed com is of much more importance than is ordinarily supposed. Careful tests at the Illinois experiment, station show that by selecting seed from a stalk j with wide leaves during three or four years a variety was secured with constantly increasing width of leaf. Then in another test of selecting seed from two-eared stalks a variety of corn was developed with a greatly increased number of ears. The ear itself can be greatly improved by using for seed only kernels from well developed specimens. An item of 3erious loss in corn grow incr is thfi prominence of barren stalks. *mO I These not only cause loss by the absence of ears which they should bear, but by fertilizing other stalks a poor grade of corn is produced. The only way to get rid of this feature is to take great care in selecting and growing the seed. The only way t-o do this is to begin before the crop is planted. Select a good piece of ground away from other fields of corn and large enough to grow all the seed needed for the following season. Determine what ariety you want to grow and fix iu your mind a favorite type. Plant seed the first year and cultivate well. As soon as possible cut out all the poor and weak stalks. Wheu the ears begin to sot go through the field and remove all the barren stalks. This will take but a short time and is easily done with a corn knife or hoe. Leave only two or three stalks in a hill, preferably two, in order that each ear may be fully developed. When the crop is matured select the best developed ears from the most vigorous stalks. Store in a secure place where the corn will remain dry and where excessive cold will not injure it. A good barn is all right, if care is taKeu not to auow xue rats or mice 10 get into the bin. During the winter, before seeuing time, go over this corn auil select ears which come nearest to the type which yon have in mind. In this way a uniformity will be secured which will not only improve the appearance of the crop after it is harvested, but will greatly increase the yield. Do this year by year and you will soon be surprised at the great improvement in your corn crop.?New England Homestead. Almost every woman is fond of violets, and is more than willing to part with a goodly portion of her pocket money to secure them. But very few women know that their cultivation is an exceedingly easy matter, requiring i but little in the way of time, strength I or appliances. Of course, one must know just how to manage, but this ' knowledge is easily acquired, aud the methods are not beyond the comprehension of a child of ten years. The important item is a glazed frame, placed on a slightly sloping bank, open to the south. West to ; this, in point of desirability, is a spot j on the south exposure of the wall of a green-house. If the house is not too i mnsdi slindnd nroliablv oue o' the ; very best places is close against the j outside wall of the cellar, and if a i window of tho cellar opens into tho frame, so much the better. Dig out at least two feet of earth, set in four strong posts, and brace them firmly; two by fours are every way desirable. Those against the house wall should be at least twelve to fourteen inches higher than those at the front. The latter may be at a level with the ground if necessary, but in this case the surface of tho soil underneath the glass must be a foot below the sash, j Of course, tho digging-out depends, . to an extent, on the location of the i frame. There must be sufficient depth to give opportunity for deep rootage, and the soil must be mellow and fairly rich. The best sort of earth is made from 3and and decayed wood, or leaf mold from the woods. This is the natural soil for violets, and, while it I 11 4-/-? ft ftovloin firfnnf Will uulu Clll iuuiu^ iv aiyCUuiutAiuui, this foundation material will give the best satisfaction. The plants may be put out early in the summer, and allowed to grow to a fair size. Then they are taken up, the runners are clipped off, leaving what is called the crown, which is the main root. These roots are placed in the cold frame in September or October. They are carefully shaded at firgt; indeed, the roots start better if they are given just enough sun to keep thorn in good health. Watch them eavefnllv and ninlr off all of the first buds that appear. They are quite likely to be imperfect and straggling, and take just so much of the life of the plant without giving any satisfactory return. i On the approach of cold weather prepare pads or mats of straw and canvas to cover the glass during the severest spells. If the window opens into the cellar, there is little probability that frost will injure the plants; but it is much safer to spread the mats over them at night, or during | heavy storms, and remove them in mild weather and bright sunshine. After a few weeks perfect blooms will come, and during the entire winter one may be supplied with au abundance of these exquisite blossoms. r\ _.l? ? 1 .11 I.'Ua i UUB woman, wuu nuimicD loom line a carpenter, built for herself a small conservatory on the south side of her dwelling. There was an uuused outside cellar door, an arrangement made when the main building of the house was put up, and before the present kitchen was built on. Instead of tearing away and filling in this place, she had it dug out on a level with the cellar floor, and built this little conM TTf 1\ I AII tn fllCl I BOIVOWIJ, UU1UU lUUli III UUf \JM. VHV dining-room windows immediately I over it. In this little cosy nook slie grew violets, and kept over in perfect i health and condition a large assortment of the more hardy house plants. It takes but little time and work to build a plant pit. This should be made about sir feet deep, and as large as time, strength and inclination admit. Six or eight feet square is as small as is profitable. Ten or twelve is much better; but, of course, it costs more for roofing and finishing. Shelves may be put around the sides, andheremavbe grown not only violets and other winter plants, but long before cold frames are safe the early vegetables may be started and every thing be made ready for a successful garden. The violet frame, however, is a much more simple affair, and v.'ithin the limit of every woman's ability. New York Ledger. On July G the earth is farther awaj from the sun than at any other time. * T T ^ T ^>AAAAAi<if>iAr4>f^A aa^AIA4A/IAA A A A A ? ? I Cure 5 1 PniKtirwtinn * and you cure its *4 ^ J: Consequences. \ L. OTP Qomp o f t-iip r 4 Consequences of Constipation: / # * biliousness dizziness headache ^ 4 loss of appetite weakness vomiting ^ 4 pimples backache torpid liver 4 sour stomach vomiting heartburn M depression laundicc foul breath p ^ 1 ^ ^ * coated tongue piles sleeplessness ^ nightmare pallor drowsiness ^ palpitation stitch hot skin ^ cold feet irritability cramps ^ < debility nervousness throbbing head ^ AY bK> o;iic F1 JL lii^ h are a Sure Cure for Constipation. * / \ Dr. J. C. Ayer's Pills are a specific for all diseases of the liver, stomach, t and bowels. These testimonials are from the thousands received: ^ "I suffered from constipation which assumed such an obstinate form that I ^ ^ feared it would cause a stoppage of the bowels. After vainly trying various reme* rj-?? dies, I began to take Ayer's Pills. Two boxes effected a complete cure." TV..-. 1 ne D. BURKE, Saco, Maine. 1 lie < rJ , , . ^ PSII " For eight years I was afflicted with constipation, which at last Decame so Daa Mill i 4 ^ *111 that the doctors could do no more for me. Then I began to take Ayer's Pills, Tf, n4- and soon the bowels recovered their natural and regular action." Tl- 4 1 nai WM. H. DeLAUCETT, Dorset, Ont. 1 rial 4 WiH "Ayer's Pills are the best in the world. I used to be annoyed with constipation W^fH ^4 . until I began using them; now I have no trouble of that kind any more, and 1 * attribute my recovery to the use of your valuable Cathartic Pills." * , H. PLOWMAN, Portland, Oreg. 4 4 > ^ ^ ^ ^ v y y y y v T" T FREEDOM OF THE PRESS. An Instance Where It May Be Fol lowed with Freedom of Gnns. A celebrated French journalistic crit ic who came to us over the seas las year, says the Chicago Times-Herald asserted that our boasted "freedom o; the American press" was a myth. JI< claimed that the news columns of th< American newspaper bear no evidencei of freedom of speech, but on the con trary show that the rigid hand of cen sorship has robbed them of originality What would that distinguished visitoi have said if this item from the Atchi son Globe had caught his critical eye "Miss Dorothy Pozzleman gave on< of the most delightful whist parties ol the season yesterday. There were sev en tables, and the refreshments con sisted of the usual stuff served on suel occasions. Among the guests wen Miss Alice Blimsor, who holds a reeori of having attended every whist partj last season and this; Mrs. John Lander man, who is always bumming aroun<: when she ought to be at home attend ing to household duties; Miss Marguer ite Hilling, who loafs at people's houses so much that several husbands havt privately threatened to throw her out Mrs. Jim Slaugh, who has a siekeninj habit of "falling in love" with othei women; Miss Martha Pink, who tiling she is so pretty that she will marrj well, no difference whether she know? anything or not; Miss Edith Wyandor fer, the old maid, who tries to creatt the 'impression that she is a very de vout church worker, but who Is such ar awful gossip and so disagreeable thai no man will have anything to do with her; Miss Jane Ranfoley, whose par ents are too poor to support her in idle ness, and who ought to go to work And there were others." There seems to be a little freedom ol speech in certain newspapers of thf West, no matter what may be true ol yellow New York, sleepy Philadelphia and erudite Boston. Scotch whisky is really a remarkable product. Of the 28,000,000 gallons made in Scotland last year 30,000.000 were consumed at home, 30,000,000 sent to England and 30.000.000 shipped to this ' CUtiUUJ* The Blind Organist. Scores of persons avIio have attended Si * the Meridian Street Methodist Episco- ril pal Church have wondered how it was li: * possible tor a man not gifted with a* 1 sight to play without error the an- si * thems, hymns and songs for the many ^ c services. Charles F. Hensen, who does ^ 3 this, is one of the wonders of the city, 3! and people have become so accustomed s to seeing and hearing him that what he j does is taken as a matter of course, n< with scarcely a thought of what it must ce be for him to arrive at the state which a* r he has reached. It is a rare thing for ^1 " an organist or an accompanist to play cl without mistakes, and yet Mr. Hansen ** 1 rarely misses the correct note. Mr. Hansen entered the institution for the education of the blind in Indianapolis ti( when he was about 10 years of age, and ** 1 four years later he began the study of us J the organ. The first work was not much like a* I that which Mr. Hansen does to-day. *"*- 1 * a lanminf n rvipfp of ^ lit' XlltS LAV najo vi. <v?uu.un ~ music, and for each he has to have a ^ reader. He has had several during the ten years he has been playing the or5 gan, but he considers the present one, s*' ! Miss Nellie Vaughn, a pupil of his, the *>a | best. ; Oneway in which Mr. Hansen learns is to have Miss Vaughn play the pre- a ' lude over. This she does two or three I c? times, and Mr. Hansen takes the or' gan and plays it absolutely the same. 0E He is not told the key, the time or any ! of the expression marks or the style. 00 These he gathers by hearing it. As ",r ! the composition is played he forms a " mental picture of it with the idea of 1 "just how It looks," although he has ^ never seen anything. Each part of the work is repeated in the same way that 110 ' the prelude is taken, until the whole is P* t complete. "l The work is not done then by any |1C ) means, for after the reading Mr. Han- l? sen thinks over the piece 2.*i0 times. P 1 That is his regular number of times for b going over the work mentally. Just ? before retiring he thinks it over and the * first work of the next morning is to *u ' ^ -< I.to ( piay n ou iuv Uio r... t the. inusLc is ready for rehearsal or for ^ f performajnce. Indianapolis Journal. ^ ' le: A pie never "tastes as good as it ga 6mells. . . lo' The annual report of the New York :ate Board of Mediation and Arbitraon iias some suggestions to -workmen .of nrp nf psneeial value and import ice. While the report does no>t take des for or against wage-workers and leir peculiar manner of doing some lings, It offers advice that is worth ?eding. It is to the effect that the alking delegate ought to be selected icause of his conservatism, his fair>ss and his innate love for and perdition of justness. It is probable that : least two-thirds of the labor troues are brought about by the Injudious haste of the walking delegate, !cause he is too often a man of more iguacity than sense, more Inclined to > radical and dictatorial than caucus and considerate. Most of the lair troubles could be avoided by the >e of a little tact when the difficulty igins, but, as a rule, the situation is fgravated by the impudence or oughtlessness of the man who acts i walking delegate and who is intrustI with the conduct of negotiations at require a sense of right as well as wrong, and a capability to see both ties of a vexed question in -which the issions on the one side and the preilices on the other are greatly Jnimed. No one can ever see the end of strike nor estimate the disastrous -nsequences to both sides, but generly the walking delegate can see only te side of the controversy and peace1 negotiations soon terminate in a ntest in which both sides suffer to a eater extent than there Is any necesry for. No business is carried on like at committed to the hands of the alking delegate. In all delicate operions men are chosen to conduct them it because of their pugnacious ternraments, but on account of their >ility to carry on peaceable negotiants, for war should only be resorted when diplomacy has failed to accom;sh a fair settlement of disputes. The ate board says "labor and capital ould tind no insurmountable difficul? In the way of harmonious and mually profitable employment," but it ids "the greatest obstacle to such a nditiou to be the unwisdom of dema gU03 WUOSe counsel IS :xi iw wall; stances promoted by some motive >s praiseworthy than an unselfish rerd for the interests of those who folIV."