The Orangeburg democrat. (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1879-1881, January 24, 1879, Image 1
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A DEM?CRATiC1 JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE BEST INTERESTS' OF ORANGEBURG COUNTY.
I
j V I .?III tiiftta 1 ! ? W
r i ' * <
Vol. I.
?RJ?tf?EBTJRG, S. 0., EBIDAY.JANUARY 34, 1879.
ISfo. 4.
SHERIDAN & SIMS, Proprietors.
SUBSOKIl'TION.
Sl?^rM7^^
Ministers of tho Gospel.1.00
ApVEUTISlvMENTS.
First Instertlon......'..81.00
Encli Subsequent Insertion.50
wJLiberul -eoutrapUa nuido i'ur ;> months
und over,:, : .? . - ?'
JOB ?I^I^E
? is'rriEPARED TO DO ALL ?tHtitoi^
H) |. .ifriivir /?'-"
M> I. I . }>,.:> .?,(, )? ?i-?.^lJ.',
Jol> 3?i^iuting
THE PEA AS A FERTILIZER.
an essay head before the pomona
(i /. a <; u a n( ; i: by Dit. summers. '1 j
Editors Oriingeburg Democrat :
.. In accordance with a resolution
passed by Pomona Grange No. 17,
at a regular meeting held January
4th, 1879, I send you the lollowing
Essay,' which was read by Dr. J. W.
Summers before the Pomona Grange
the first Saturday in October, 1878,
at Cooper Swamp.
* v ' D. W. CROOK,
Sec'ty Pomona Grange No. 17.
>>?: i ,1 -i .i" ?>!' i rmi i ... ? ?? ? '
. The "Pea as a Fertilizer" was as
. signed me as a subject fqr an essay to
be read befqro the Pomona Grange at
its July meeting, by our worthy lec
turer :
I have.;bcen largely indebted for
much valuable information on this
important subject to a "Report oi' the
Committee of the Agricultural Socie
ty on. Coast Lands." Also to the
successful experiments of our worthy
Brother, Dr. Wl P. Barton, together
with such facts as have come under
my own observation.
The great object to be attained by
the cultivation of the soil is the pro
duction of the largest crops with the
least labor and expense. In the cut
. tivation and production of no single
article of agriculture have such rapid
strides been made in any country in
the last decade, as that of oats in
these Southern States; indeed in
some .sections: cvem of our State it
has entirely suppluntbd corn as-a feed
for work animals, and die day is now
Upon us when it is cheaper and more
profitable on our light lauds to raise
oats in sufficient quantities to feed
work stock the year round, ,tkan<to
. raise corn for that pdrpose; To
thpse who have been planting this
crop for the past two years this as
sertion neqds , no ,tjetaijed . illustra
tions, or explanations to prove the
tToots.-/ ? -Xhoy are ?. satisfied ,qu. ? this
- point.' ??'.\-' ? ? ? ? ? 'f;?
?.fj?tfrl 'J?,b\Jt ofihntnat iusfpor.tanoo
1 Iben arises; as the oat is a grass
leeder, and a great exhauster of the
soil, how-are we to raise tins crop
and keep up the fertility of. our
lands? In the pea as a fertilizer we
have the answer to this question* ?
Recent experiments at the A tlantic
and Stono Phosphate Works, as well j
ns in our own county by Dr. Barton
and others, prove that not only- can
the present fertility of our lands be
maintained and grow annual crops of
fcmall grain on them, but their pro
ductive capacity can be Wonderfully
increased by a judicious system of
manuring with the pea. What think
you qi an old field, thoroughly ex
hausted, and growing nothing but
broomsedge, by this sytem of fertili
zation being made to yield fifty-one
bushels of oats, to the acre? This
. was not done by poas alone, it is not
to be supposed that lands so poor as
!this could of itself produco peavincs
sufficient to make such acrop of oats,
but by the aid ami assistance of what
is known ns the ash clement applied
to the land in the spring at the time
of planting the peas,'and in the fall
when the onts are planted, turning in
the vines with a two-horse plow.
This ash element is composed of
ground phosphate rock, Kainer, or
German potash salt, sulphate of lime,
and perhaps some other- Ingredient.
I am inclined to believe it owes its
principal virtue to the potash Salt, as
I know. from experience it is an ex
cellent fertilizer for the pen. Also
instance the vigorous growth of pea
vincs where a trash or log hoap has
been burned, showing the value of
potash as a manuro for tho pea. The
plan recommended by this committee
.is.as follows: In the spring sow
down 500 pounds of ash clement and
two bushels of peas to the acre, when
the peas dio down, or in the fall
when you nro ready to put in your
oats, sow down on tho vines and
turn all in together, or turn in the
vines and harrow the oats in after
"wards with a heavy harrow; The
following spring or summer when the
oats are harvested, the land is pro
pared for replanting in the autumn
by repeating the experiment with the
peas and ash element. \Ve have one
account of 45 bushels of Indian corn,
of 50 bushels of oats from land pre
viously bo poor that without manure
it would not make above live bushels
of corn and eight of oats, of wheat
grown at'tho rate of -10 bushels per
aore and of 900 pounds of hay pro
duced by the pea and ash clement.
We cannot doubt these statcmouts;
I
however wonderful they may appear,
for they arc born out by similar ex
periments nearer home anil by parties
we all know. The following is from
Dr. W. F. Barton : "On the first of j
July, 1877, I took a piece of land,]
live acres, which had been planted in
oats the Two"pTevious years without
manure, yielding from 1G to 18 bush
els per acre. On part of thu five
acres I sowed broad cast 600 pounds
of ash element per acre, and on the
whole five acres two bushels of cow
peas per acre turning all under with
a Watt's turning plough. The result
was a luxuriant growth of vinos, the
more, especially rjvhcrej the hsh cle
ment had been sown, no fruit was
manured by the pea. On.the first of
October I sowed broad cast two bush
els of the red rust proof oats per
acte, turning pea and oats under with
a two horse Watt's plough and
smoothing oil' with a heavy drag.
From an aero nia*n?red with the ash
clement and cow pea, thrashed and
cleaned,by weight yielded 54 bushels,
3 pecks and 7 quarts ; from an acre
manured with peas ahme, yielded SO
bushels, 3 pecks and 0 quarts, a dif
ference in favor of the ash element of
2-1 bushels and 1 .quart, and a ditlcr
er.ee of about 30 bushels between
tic natural land without any manure
and that manured with the ash cle
ment and pea. The land experiment
ed on was about equal in pioductive
r:cs8.,,frv\| {
* f. & \ . i ?. l St.
In the above experiment you have
the whole* subject; in a nutshell. You
sec that the cow pea alone nearly
doubled the yield over the natural
land, and with the addition of the
Ash element the yield was three times
as great, and al a cost of not more
than 7 or 8 dollars per acre. The
fjllowjug experiments were made at
the Atlantic, and Slouo Phosphate
Conipanics farms near Charleston:
rtiri the month of June, ordinary
sandy land, which had been supplied
With llie requisite quantity of upncral
mnttcr, wpxj ooon broatl oact "tVilU,
cow peas. When the pens were near
ly ripe a measured quantity of the.
land was mown and the vines dried.
The dried vines were at the rate of
?1,000 lbs. to the acre, and were
proved by analysis to coo lain nitro
genous matter capable of producing
2 1-2 per cent, of .ammonia, and 10
per cent of rnineral matter or ashes.
To determine whether it were neces
sary to turn in green vines, (always
a difiicult and troublesome operation,)
jotr.c of the dried vines were washed
on a filter with water, the water test
ed and found to contain" all the valu
able constituents of the vine; shoe
ing that no loss of fertilizing material
had been occasioned hy the plant
drying on the surface of the land,
and proving the turning in, which
has greatly ' prevented the general
adoption of this mode of fertilizing,
to be unnecessary. Therefore, upon
the remainder of the land the vines
were allowed to die upon the surface,
and in November oats and wheat
were planted upon it. Both grew
vigorously and produced more than
double the crops ordinarily obtained
in this part of the country."
In the above you sec the analysis
of the pea vine 2 1-2 per cent of am
monia and 10 per cent, of mineral
matter or ashes; t'ic want or absence
of this mineral matter in the soil ac
counts for so much of our poor lands
failing to.grow peas;, we have | roof
of this in our own experience. You
are all aware that peas will not grow
among corn manured year after jcar
with cotton seed ; now it is not Ironi
any injurious property or principle of
the cotton seed, but because it fails
to supply the necessary mineral mat
ter, chiefly potash ; supply this defi
cient mineral clement by the applica
tion of this ash element or any of the
Charleston Phosphates, or by the
German potash alone, or ashes, and
\vc have a healthy luxuriant growth
of vines, and an abundant cop of
peas.
The pea is also an excellent fertili
zer for corn, and yet wo act in total
disregard of this knowledge, liow
common the practice among farmers
of pulling up :he vines to gather the
peas. You iill'knotf What fine corn
grog's about these heaps where the
peas were threshed. Thia:of itself is
sufficient evidence of their value as a
fertilizer; instead of this ruinous
practice, they should be left on the
J lind to bo turned in tho.next spring.
The best fruited cotton 1 bad last year
was on nfpieco of land I had corn and
peas on the year before. The vines
i
were left to rot on the' land and not
turned in until spring. In 1873 I up
plied 20 bushels of cotton seed to the
aero for oats ; made 37 bushels of.
oats per acre. (Tho land was very
poor.) As soon ns the oats were
gathered, I sowed down about 2 bush
Is of peas, hac] a rank growth of
vines; tho second week in October
sowed down about 1 1-2 bushels of
? red rust proof oals to tho acre, and
turned all in with a two-horse plow.
I1 did not measure this oats when
gathered hut was satisfied tho yield
was greater that the preceding year.
The oats did not fire at all, and kept
green near the ground until the heads
commenced ripening. In every sub
sequent crop you can tell to the row
ns far as tlic peas were turned in,
the land producing better corn, better
peas and a heavier coat of grass. In
the fall of 1875, I wanted to plant
oats on some land I had in com, as
there was some rice in the field unripe
I could not turn my stock on the
land to cat off the peas, so I cut
down the corn stalks and chopped
i them into two or three pioces, sowed
my oats and with my two-horse
plows turned in corn stalks, pea vines,
(peas and all) coeklcburs and all the
vegetable matter on the land. That
was the best crop of oats I ever made.
The fertilizing capacity of peas being
j in proportion with the growth and
j luxuriance of the vine. They should
be planted limmcilinicly nltori the
: cereal crop is harvested, in order to
I secure the greatest growth of vine
possible and the utmost fertilization
to the land."
We can greatly improve our corn
lands by sowing 'broad cast'from one
to two bushels of peas to the acre at
our last plowing of corn. On lands
too much worn or deficient in tbis
mineral element, by , supplying thiB
deficiency we can make a heavy crop
of vines and pens^ The latter can be
gathered or, fed^pff, tho vines remain
ing'on-tho land as_manurc for the
Vic^t corn eFopf ~$'ud on lands where
peas die out when planted in the hill,
if sown bioad.cast at the last plowing
will some of them live and produce a
fair crop, leaving the land in better
condition for a succeeding crop of
any kind. Much more can be said
in favor of the pea as a fertilizer, but
is it necessary? Wehere present to
)OU within the reach of every one.
The farmers "heal all and cure all."
No more can the cry come up from' us
that-our lands are too poor to raise
goo'd crops, and wc cannot afford ' o
buy the necessary manures. Nature
has' 'bountifully supplied the remedy,
jffi&jipM ty- i^f.PU^hajiu>, will wc use
il ?
i Killed by His Sister.
One of the saddest of tragedies was
committed on Friday evening at the
I home of Mr. Richard Holbein, near
Hillside, Westmoreland county, Pa.
Mr. II. and his w ife went away on
a visit on Friday, leaving at home
their son Joseph, aged i22,. their
daughter Mary, aged 19, and two
other daughters, 9 and 11 years1 of
age respectively. In the evening Jo
seph attended a spelling 4ibee," cau
tioning his sister Mary, as he went
away, to beware of tramps. At
about 9 o'clock he staited for home,
and ns he approached the house the
barking of the dog, alarmed his sister,
as Joseph was not expected back at
so early an hour. It is probable that
the young man intended to test his
sister's courage, for he pulled his hat
down over his facei and otherwise dis
guised himself. When he was within
a few rods of the house, Mary ap
peared in the door way and hailed
him: "Is that you, Joe?" Ruthe
did not answer, and continued to ad
vance. Tho girl, now worked up to
a high pitch of excitement, again
hailed the advancing figure with,
"Who are you?" Still no answer,
and Mary shouted again, "Is that you,
Joe?" and ran into the house and
armed her sei if with a shot-gun. Re
turning toJLhe door she discovered, to
her surprise, the strange man stand
ing on the 'steps;" and tin soon as she
appeared he advanced toward her.
"Stop," she shouted, "stop, or I will
shoot you !"?lie took another step,
ami at the same instant the girl raised
tlte gun and Ii red, and he sank down
on tho porch groaning, "Oh, my
dear sister !" "Oh, my dear brother,
I have killed you!" the pocr girl
screamed as she threw down the gun
and carried him into the house, where
he soon died.?Johnstown Tribune.
?RAND LODGE OF ODD FgLMWS.
?tU I i! nil t . ??',:> 'AyBjno id
PROCEEDINGS OK THE ANNUAL SESSION
UECENTLY 11EL? IN CHESTER. '
The annual scsyion of llie Grand
Lodge of Odd Fellows of South Car
oiina was begun at Chester oh Wed?
nesday, January 15, 1879, at? 10 A.
M/, with Grand Master \V". F. Barr
ion in the chair and Fast Gj'and F.
beMars as Secretary pro teiu.'
After prayer, tin? Grand Lodge was
opened in ample form and new uiem
bers received the degrees.
'The Grand Master's report was i
read and referred to a special com
mittee, namely, Bros. Fischer, Curtis
and Trump.
The Grand Secretary's report was
read aud referred to Bros. FJmlym,
Fischer and Muslcrman as 'the Fi
nance Committee.
The report of the Grand Treasurer
was also referred to the Finance
Committee.
The report of the Grand Represen
tative was referred to the above spc
cial committee.. *.
The amendment to the constitution
reducing the salary of the Gland Sec
retary from $200 to $50 per; annum
was adopted.
.Nominations for "ftieers were then
made, and the election made*the spe
cial order for 5 P. M.
An appeal from Marion Ltylge, of
Charleston, as to whether dm accept
ed note for dues placed a member in
good standing was decided in the
negative.
An assessment ot 25 con ts per
capita was levied upon surb?Vdinate
lodges, should the funds, in the opin
ion of the Grand Mister, be needed
for the purposes of the Grand Lodge.
The election for ollicers was then
entered into, and the followbg elect
ed: . I
Grand Master?N. W. Tj?rrip, of
Columbia.
Deputy Grand Master?F. W. Sta
dorf, of Charleston.
Grand Warden?A. Fische,;, of Or
angeburg.
Grand Treasurer?Jno. TIeoseman,
of Charleston.
Grand Secretary?IL N. Emlyn,
of Columbia.
Grand Marshal?J. W. Rothrock,
of Chester.
Grand Conductor?F, DcMars, of
Orangcburg.
Grand Guardian?A. II. Davega,
of Chester. .
Grand Herald?Benjamin Jackson,
of Greenville.
Grand Representative?S. John
ston, of Newberry.
It was ordered that the installation
of otllccr8 be postponed until 9 A.
M., Thursday, the lGth.
Alter the transaction of secret busi
ness and accepting the Invitation of
Lafayette Lodge, of Chester^ to a
supper, the Grand Lodge took a re
cess until the hour for installation.
The Grand Lodge reassembled at 9
A. M. on Thursday, the lGth, Grand
Master W. F. Barton in the chair.
The ollicers elect were then install
ed in a lodge of the fifth degree, in
the presence of a l uge representa
tion of the order.
The Grand Representative then in
structed the members of the order in
the initiatory and other degrees, in
cluding the degree of Rebecca. He
also informed the members that their
sisters, daughters and wives had been
made olligihlc to membership in the :
Rebecca degree, and that the mini
mum age was 18.
After reopening tho Grand Lodge,
Grand Master Trump made the fol
lowing appointments :
District Deputy Grand Masters?
Ornngoburg, A. Fischer ; Chester, E.
Kain ; Charleston, F. W. Sindorf;
Greenville, II. J. Epting ; Spartan
burg, E. W. Co minings; Newberry,
John Thompson ; Columbia, M. Er
licli; Camden, C. J. Dunlnp.
The following standing committees
wcte appointed :
Finance Committee?E. J. Master
man, E. W. Cummings, II. C. Roth
rock.
Elections and Returns?J. L.
Chambers, M. El Itch/, J. F. Kuhland.
Stato of the Order?W. F. Barton,
Silas ?lohnstone, G. \V. Curtis, A.
Lewin, P.. Kain. ,
For Dues and Mileage?A. Ax
ion, A. II. Lewin, G. W. Curtis.
I Special Committee on Dues and
Benefits?W. F. Baiton, F. DeMars,
A. Fischer.
Alter adopting a resolution of
thanks to Lafayette Lodge, of Ches
ter, for many acts of kindness, and
also to the railroads for courtesies,
the Gr:'ml Lodge, alter a most harmo
nious session and the transaction of
considerable business, was closed, to
bo opened in Columbia, at 'J A. M.,
on the third Wednesday in January,
1880. ' '
' The' delegates arc profuse in their
praise of tbe handsome manner in
Which they were entertained by their
Chester brethren.
The Grand Lodge and many per
sons; not connected with tho order
partook of a rich supper at ihc Mer
chants' Hotel, kept by Mrs. M. J.
Melton, who by the way, keeps an
excellent table, attentive seivnnts,
and makes her guests perfectly com
fortable.
Fourteen Past Grands of Lafayette
Lodge became members of the Grand
Lodge. j
His Honor Judge Mackey, who
participated in the enjoyments of tile
recess' extended ati invitation to the
members of the order to visit his resi
dence prior to their, departure, which
was accepted, and the Judge and bis
excoll'-nt lady entertained their visi
tors in a handsome manner. The
host, end hostess served their guests
with wine tnado from native grapes,
grown in Chester, known as the Jane
Wiley prapc, tho wine from which
excels in richness of flavor any im
ported article.
Tho members of the order left
Chester full of appreciation of the
hospitality of the Chester folk.
? The Reason Why.
Somebody?a erustv old bachelor
of courso?inquires why, when Eve
was manufactured of a spare rib, a
servant wasn't made at the same time
to wait on her? Somebody else?a
woman we imagine?replies, in the
following strain: "Because Adam
never came whining to Eve with a
ragged stocking lo be darned, collar
string to be sowed on, or a glove to
mend right away?quick now ! Be
cause he never .read the. newspaper
until the sun had got down behind
the palm trees, and he stretching out,
yawned, 'Isn't supper most ready, my
dear?' Not he. Ho made the,fire,
and hung the kettle over it himself,
we'll venture; and pulled the rad
ishes, peeled the potatoes, and did
Ieverything else he ought to do. He
1 milked thii cows, fed the chickens,
and looked after tho pigs himselt,
l and he never brought half a dozen
friends to dinner when Eve hadn't
any fresh pomgranates. He never
stayed out until eleven o'clock to a
political meeting, hurrahing for an
out aud qut candidate, acd then scold
ed because poor Eve was sitting up
and crying inside the gates, lie
never played billiards, rolled ten
pins, and drove fast horses, nor chok
ed Eve with cigar smoke. lie never
loafed around the corner groce
ries while Eve rocked little Cain's
cradle at home. In short, he didn't
think he was especially created for
the purpose of waiting on, and wasn't
under the impression thai it disgrac
ed a man to lighten a new wife's
cares a little. That's the reason that
Eve did not need a hired girl, and
with it was the reason that h?r fair
descendants did."
How He Cured Them.
Many of the congregation made it
I a part of their religion to twist their
necks out of joint to witness the en
trance of every person who passed
up the aisle of the church. Being
worried one afternoon by this turning
practice. Mr. Dean stopped in his
sermon, and said :
"Now, you listen to me, and I'll
tell you who the people are as each
one of them comes:"
He went on with his discourse un
til a gentleman entered, when ho
bawled out like an usher :
"Deacon A-, who keeps a shop
over the way."
j lie then went on with his sermon,
when presently another man passed
into the aisle and he gave his name,
resideneo and occupation ; so he con
tinued for some time.
At length somo ono openedd the
door who was unknown to Mr. Dean,
when he cried out:
"A little old man, with drab coat
ami an old white hat; don't know
him?look for yourselves."
The congregation was cured.
Tho editor of an Illinois paper
thinks that fishing, as a general rule,
doesn't pay. He says "We stood all
day in the river last week, hut
caught nothing?until we got home."
Chartgo ot Life. '
Change is the common feature of
society-?of life.
Ten years convert the population
of schools into men and women, the
young into fathers and matrons, make
and marry fortunes, and bury the last
generation but one.
Twenty yours' convert infants into
lovers, fathers5 tmd mothers," decide
men's fortunes and distinctions, con
vert active men and women into
crawling drivelers, and bury all pre
ceding generations. ?
Thirty years raise an active gene
ration from nonenity, change fasci
nating beauties into bearable 'old
ladies, convert lovers into grandfath
ers, and bury the active generation
or reduce them to decrepitude or im
becility. ?>'
Forty years, alas! change the face
of all society. Infanta are growing
old, the bloom of youth and beauty
has pesscd away, two active genera
tions have been swept trora the stage
of life, names once cherished are for
gotten, unsuspected candidates for
fame have started up from the cx
hanstlcss womb of nature.
And in fifty years?inatuie, ripe
fifty years?haif a century?what tre
mendous changes occur I How time
writes her sublime wrinkles every
where, in rock, river, forest, and cit
Jies, hamlets, villages, in the nature
of men, and the destinies 'and aspects
of all civilized society 1
Let us pass on to eight}* years?
and what do We desire to see to com
fort us in the world? Our parents
are gone; our children have passed
I away from us into all parts of the
world, to fight the giim and-despe
rate battle of life. Our old friends?
where are they ? We behold a world
of which we know nothing and to
which we are unknown. We weep
for generations long gone by?for
lovers, for parent^.Tor children, for
friends in the grave. We see every
thing turned upside down by the fick
le hand of fortune^and* the absolute
destiny of time. In a word, we be
hold the vanity of life, and are quite
ready to lay down the poor burden
and be gone.
How to Make Cows Give Milk.'
A writer in the Southern Farmer
says that his cow gives all the milk
that is wanted in a family of eight,
and that from it, after taking all that
is required for other purposes, 2G0
pounds of butter were made last year.
This is, in part, his treatment of the
cow : If you desire to get a large
yield of rich milk, give your cow
every day water slightly warm and
slighly salted in which bran baa been
stirred at the rate of one quart to
two gallons of water. You will find,
if you have not tried ibis daily prac
tice, that your cow will give twenty
five per cent, more milk immediately
under the effects of it, and she will
become so attached to the diet as to
refuse to drink clear water unless
veey thirsty. But this iness she will
drink almost any time and far more.
The amount of this drink necessary
is an ordinary watcrpail full at a
time, morning, noon and night.
Nothing so disorganizes the Radi
cal statesman as the fact that while
his parly freed the negro and put the
ballot into his hands, "the man and
brother" persists in voting in accord
ance with the dictates of common
senso?that is, in favor of those who
give him employment, and who nro
almost to a man, Democrats. In
other words, instead of strengthening
their own party, tho Republicans
have, by their war amendments, given
the Democrats more power both in
Congress and the electoral colleges
and more votes at the polls. There
would be precious iiltle African en
fnuchiscmeut if the Radicals could
repeal those amendments.
It is said that a few year* ago A.
T. Stewart, the New York millionaire,
purchased an old church and the
grounds, changed it to a stable. In
clearing off the ground, many hnmau
bones were excaVaUd, and earted
away with the rubbish. Some per
sons who had relatives there, remon
strated against the desecration, but
were not heeded. They were, pcr^
haps, poor people. But now, Stew
art is dead, and his bones have been
stolen, $00 000 have been offered for
their recovery, all because he was a
rich man.
Wanted, a jug from tho pour that
jwus mightier than the sword.
t>n'?A Rom?ne? of Rascality."
The New York Times, on the day
after Christmas, devoted seven and a
half columns of leaded type loa bio
graphical sketch of Franklin J. Mo
sec, the late Governor of South C*fr?
olina, uudcr the taking title of *?A
Romance of Rascality." ? It<> trade*
thro hero's career Tr?m befdr$'ttie*
war down lo/our time, in four chain
ters, ttyree of which' are entitled re
spectively, "$pea?er: (of the Asien?
bly) and Thief," "Governor and
Wholesale ,Robbbr," "pownfall--*
Beggar and Crimiual." There are
some inaccuracies jn the narrative,
wbicli wc shall not take the trouble to
point out. What is remarkable la. H
and In a certain sense Vety enter
taining, is that tho biographer talk*
through the first three chapters as. If
bis hero had since the war lived and]
acted .in vncuo, and bad tornm/tied
all his vlllanles without nssl^taace^
as if, in short, he had become
"Speaker and Thief'* and "?overn?r
nod Wholesale "Robber" without a
Legislature and the Republican par
ty at his back. The first intimation
we get of anybody's being responsi
ble for him is in Chapter. IV, which
describes the "Beggar and Criminal"
stage. At the. point whero Blos?fl
escaped from indictment, for fraud
and larceny tlirough a technicality,
the historian calmly rylates that ,*'tH?
thoughtful men" among tbem ^tt^o
negroes) began to doubt,rNMoses, (tpd
so.ue of the most respieteil white Re
publicans?men like Daniel H.
Chamberlain?openly declared that
he was a disgrace to the party which
supported him.'' To appreciate this
?which is, we think, the riebest
thing In the literature of .carpi-bag
gery?we must remember that BIo
S2s was at ibis time in the fourth
year of bi? crime, and that be bad
been elected Governor while "Speak
er and Thief." It would, Aem, In
deed, as if the South Carolin? Repub
licans did not suspect a mau until ho
publicly confessed hi3 enormities and
clamored for admission to \ka ponl*
teulw-_
Sociability.
Think how .much happiiYeoo yort
convey to each, other by, kindly no
tico and a cheerful conversation/
Think how much nunahiue ..such
sociability.Jets back into your, own?
soul. Who does not feel.more cheer-*
ful and contented for . receiving, a
polite bow and .a genial "good tfiorr*'
ing," with a hearty shake of the"
hand? Who does not make himself
uappier by these little expressions of
fellow feeling and good willf Silence/
and a stilf, unbending reserve are
essentially selfish and ftiig?r. .the?
generous and polite man has pleasant
recognition ami cheerful words fur all
he meets. He scatters sun&c?rtfs
wherever he goes.. He paves tho
path of others with smiles. lie roabe?
society seem genial and the world
delighted, to those who would, else
find them cold, selfish and forlorn.
And what he gives )s but a tithe of
what he receives. Be social wherev
er you go, and wrap yonr lightest
words in tones that are sweet and a
spirit that is genial.
Every day we have evidence tfia?
the small boy has no soul. The other
day a crowd gathered around a farm
er whose wagon with n load of butter
and eggs, was fast in ? mad tftrfe, and
while some suggested that be pull h\ J
horse gee, and others that he pull
I him haw, the ever present small boy
yelled, "It's no use, mister, yer o\?t
horse ain't stout enough. Tale fifrnt
outuud hitch on a roll of yer butter."
Ex-Governor Chamberlain was fn
Washington CKy hak week on bus*
ness before the Supreme Court. Ho
looked older and his eyes wore k
careworn expression. It is said th%
friendship which he heara toward*
the pious Rutherford Hayes is be
yond the powers of speech.
"Two souls with bul at siegte
thought^ is a raptnroua enough, seatt*
ment in love, hut il tafces #wete
meut of misery to on? souly ?t^aat,
when the girl h* wrapped op> vis
ions of a beautiful present and tho
young man is cugrueoed in perplex
ing ^peculations- fcon* to raise tho
money to pu/ehas%y it.
As an evidence ?hat the black meir
cannot by civilized, a Gcoigiu pupur
mention^ the cu?e of a negro hUo. re
turned /a one hundred dollar note;
.which a^bunk had overpaid U.iu,