Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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IAN DETMORNNAST COAT. osn KRKAHT’S hixitart authori ties FIND IT IS BATTLEFBOOF. Too Clamsyfor Soldiers’ Wear, but ' May Prove a Valuable Protection In Fortresses and Batteries. ’ HEN Herr Dowe, tailor ol Mannheim, announced jast autumn that he lytd bded in devising a kbsolfttely bulletproof, Ms statement was received with general incredulity. Most people thought that the “inyeBtion”-srae nothing more than an bdvertistaent or ft "fake” of some kind, and the' German War Of fice authorities declined even to ex amine it. Tailor Dowe then resolved to convince an unbelieving generation by means of experiments nruoh could not be gainsaid. The police would not allow him to give a public exhi- tion, so at first he gave a private se ance during which, clad in his-coat, he allowed himself to be twice shot at with an army rifle, the bullet each time remaining imbedded in the armor. These experiments were followed by others of a similar kind before the Surgeons’ Congress then in session in Berlin, and aga : a\ In presence of the Bussian Ambassador. Enlists, it is said, which were fired at Dove’s breast failed to injure him, even those har ing steel points being turned aside or flattened by the doth. j_ It ts said to hare been obserred dur ing the trials that the steel point of the projectile dropped as soon as the bullet struck, and that the lead con- tents fell in a liquid form. On cooling Idown the lead became a large ill shaped mass, the steel coating flat tening down to the shape of a short tube. The reports of these extraor dinary experiments caused great pub lic excitement, and when the coat was placed on exhibition in Berlin it drew crowds of curious sightseers. : At last the German War Office took the matter and Herr Dowe sub mitted his’material to tests before an exclusively military assembly, which included twenty officers of the War Ministry, general staff and the ar tillery and engineers, besides the President of the German Rifle Testing Committee, who took precautions to ihave a genuine test. Two non-com missioned officers of the Jager Bat talion at Colmar were present with their own rifles. The cartridges to be used were brought in sealed packages. Herr Dowe was willing to offer himself as a target, but this was refused on the ground that a slight mistake might cause an accident. The bullet proof stuff was placed against a block cf oak on a table in such a way that it formed an obtuse angle with the table top. It was desired to see whether the bullet stuck fast in the stuff or whether it would rebound at the same angle as that at which it struck. The sergeant’s rifle was load ed by Lieutenant-Colonel Brinkmann, and the former then fired two shots at the centre of the object. The bullets stuck fast in the stuff After this Sharpshooter Martin, with his military rifle, fired a shot, this rifle also being loaded by the lieutenant-colonel. Al together fourteen shots were fired at a distance of only ten paces. They ■truck different spots, some close to the edge. The back of the stuff showed no cigns of being pierced and the opinio: is exchanged among those present after the experiments were very favorable. One fact which these repeated trials have made clear, and which is ad mitted by the inventor himself, is that his material cannot be used as a coat The stuff is about half an inch thick and is not flexible, so that it cannot bo used as a garment Dowe’s own idea is that his stuff, which one correspondent has described as a wire netting encased in a cementlike mass, should be made into plates o f which every soldier wonld carry one in his knapsack, and at the commencement Of a fight fasten it to that part of the !body which most required protection. That the material seems likely to prove of valne as a shield or screen against bullets is shown by the deter mination of the German War Office to continue the teats with a view to util izing the invention iu fortresses an l ship batteries. The so-oallel coat with which Herr Dowe has conducted his experiments weighs six pounds and costa fifteen marks, or about $1 to manufacture. when pressed hydraulically, loses its inflammable properties and becomes fireproof) and as it ia likewise a very bad conductor of heat it is admirably adapted to keep the interior of the ship cool in summer and warm in winter. ‘Then, again, lifeboats constructed of this stuff are, by reason of itq toughness and elasticity, absolutely indestructible, and the dangers during the launching iq stormy weather and from striking against a rook are, ij tiy material be employed, wholly re moved. Even straw, when treated ac cording to my njiethod, can be used to great advantage for numerous pur poses fer which at present more costly and less serviceable materials are em ployed—for the construction of light, transporjjable barracks, for example, ttatsj verandas, etc. I am now carry- {■* out an order received from the Board of Hungarian State Railways for the supply of 100 square metres of such isolating screens made of straw, for the protection of wine in railway vans, etc. I can assure you that if passenger carriages were constructed with my material (hydraulically pressed hemp), fastened, instead of wood, to the iron frame, no accidents attended with loss of life would be possible. ” Herr Scsrnes believes that the little "Mannheim tailor,’’ as he scornfully calls his German rival, has appropri ated his invention, though this does not harmonize with Dowe’s statement that he discovered his composition ac cidentally while experimenting with a totally different object in view. Herr Dowe is a native of V^flstphalia and is thirty-four years of age. When six years old he was employed as a shepherd’s boy, but afterward learned the trade of a tailor. He was so poor when he made his discovery that he had to borrow the revolver with which his first experiments were made. But the (lavs of HTs poverty woau now seem to be over, for it is reported that a Berlin syndicate has purchased his invention for a big sum.—New York Herald. _ Losses ia lirjal Hallies. AtMollwitz the Prussiius lod eight een per cent., the Austrians twenty- eight per cant. At Kolia, FrederioVs force suffered to the extent of thirty- seven per cent, while his victory cod his enemies only fourteen per cent. At Zorn lor", the bloodiest battle of which we have any record that we may rely upon, the proportion of loss to the total forces engage l rose to the Onostnous total of from one-half to one-third. Kunersdor. was almost as destructive to human life, ami Freder ick lost thirty-five per cant., against twenty-six per cent, of the allies. With the advent of Napoleon and the loosened formation of the Revolu tionary armies, losses were at first di minished ; bat at Aspern the Austrians left nearly twenty-eight per cent, of their men on the battlefield, and the French, although the bulletins denied it, are said to have been weaker by oue-half after the battle. Borodino, too, deprived the Russians of thirty- six per cent, and the Frenoh of twenty- five per cent. Daring the later Na poleonic wars we find the losses some what Iowa - , althongh after Ligny the Prussians were weaker by as many as twenty per cent., and the victory of Waterloo cost us rather more than •hat proportion. When, nowever, we tarn to the cam paigns which succeeded the lull of ex haustion following the downfall of the first empire, we are confronted with no such bloody records, in spite of the invention of percussion caps, rifles and even rifled cannon. The allies of the Alma only lost some six par cent., and the Russians fourteen per cent. Inker- mann, however, was as bloody as Waterloo, but it was a struggle iu which tactics played a very small part. The losses at Magenta and Solferins were comparatively slight.. Although the consequences of Kouiggratz were immense, they were cheaply purchased by the victors; while iu 1870, not withstanding that both sides were armed with breech-loaders, the losses never approached tbs huge totals of tome of the battles of the early cen tury or of those of the Seven Years’ War. At Worth, it is true, one-sixth nf the tot^l forces engaged were either killed or wounded, but at Gravelotte the proportion was only one-eleventh, and at Weissenburg one-twelfth.— New York Ledger. ! Two rivals to Tailor Dowe ire in the field. One of these is a fellow citi zen bf Mannheim, a certain Herr Reidel, who claims to have invented n material which is much lighter and cheaper, besides being adapted for in sertion into ordinary uniforms. The other ie an Austrian engineer named Boarnee, who brought out a similar invention some years ago. His work was rather pooh-poohed by the mili tary authorities, an 1 he did not im prove hie position in regard to them by using insulting language which landed him ia prison, but he claims nevertheless to have invented a coat of mail such that the new steel cosed bul let on striking it was torn to pieces, the penedrfting force of the projectile being aksolately : annihilated. “Die means by which t achieved this,” he said, in a recent interview, "were very simple. I used hemp hydraulically nressed over which I laid a sort ol railing of flattened English wire, against which the bullet must strike after it has been heated by its passage through the barrel of the rifle. This heat is vastly increased by the force of the concussion against the steel 'grating and the bullet is broken up into bits. I "The fundamental principle of my system,” Herr Scarnes went on, “is its enormous elastioity. Hard, com pact bodies are not fitted for protect ing persons or things against projec tiles from the new rifles; their soft- mess and elastioity are characteristics indispensable to efficaciousness. Thu i* why my invention is of great ser vice, or, at least, will prove itself ot great service in the protectiou of jeruisers, line ot battle ahips, eta, far, among other advantages, it can render them proof against rammers, as well as against auoli accidents ns befell the Germaq wav ships on the coral r.eis around Samoa. If it bo increased in thickness to the needful dimensions it will take the place of steel armor on men-of-war. For the force of elasticity wMih it ^ould then develop would be enwrmous. It wonld not split or break » steel plates often do. Now hemp, Makes Flics' its Prey. "Perhaps the moat notable link be tween vegetable and animal life,” says Doctor Marshall, a well-known bota nist of Shelby, Tenu., “is the insect worons plant. This peculiar plant lives on flies mostly, and if it has no stomach and intestines, it has in place of the former a well of digestive fluid, which disposes of the food it catches, it is hard to imagine anything more distressing and painful than the sit uation of the hapless fly which walks into the trap of these hooded plants. "The trap is funnel-shaped, and the well of digestive fluid is situated im mediately below it. Tbs sides of the funnel are lined beloW with a set of •harp needles, pointing downward, so that though the fly can walk down on an exploring expedition, it cannot return for the sharp points that pieros it at every step. Once the fly enters the hood it rarely escapes. It slowly wastes its strength in frutless endeav ors to crawl np, or dashes itself against the curious little transparent places, like minatnre windows, in the hood, until at length it falls exhausted among the other dead bodies of liios in the fluid below.”—St. Louis-Globe Dem oorat Second Sight, That the gift of second sight, formerly supposed to belong exclusive ly to wizards, astrologers and clair voyants, is also possessed by old war riors suffering from neuralgia in the stump of amputated limbs, is demon strated whenever there is a display of the aurora borealis like that of Friday evening. Soldiers so afflicted do not need to hobble out to look at the »ky or gase out of the window. The immediate ouset of violent neuralgic pain is snffioient intimation of the display. Among many others Colonel Hampton S. Thomas, of this city, who lost a leg in battle, knoss when an ex hibition of northern lights is pending without getting out of bed, twing in variably awakened by a rude tele graphic message to that effect. —Phila delphia Record, _ mm NEWS AND NOTES FOX WOMEN; The lateet fad among the pretty girls is to talk woman suffrage. Lilly Langtry, the aotress, claims to be only forty-one j ears old, Women gardeners nre in great de mand in England and Germany. Butterfly bow* are very popular thii Season, and are seen cn almost ever* thing. In Holland an attempt is being made to pass a bill allowing women tc be elected to Parliament. Mrs. Cleveland, wife of the Presi dent, dresses her hair ih the style known as the "Diana knot ” The Baroness Emma Sporri, of Nor way, is said to be the best known wo man painter in northern Europe. Queen Victoria ban sixty pianos at Osborne, Windsor and Buckingham Palace. Many of them are hired. A useful noveliy in the way of a powder puff is mounted on a long ivory stick so as to enable one to powder the back of the neck when without a maid. Bosa Young, a direct descendant of one of the Piteairn mutineers and a woman of more than nsnal intelligence, is writing a history of the Piteairn colony. The first woman to be elected a member of the Yacht Racing Associa tion of Great Britain is Miss Mabel Cox, of Southampton, who owns the entter Fiera. Madam Marches!, of Palis, is the most famous vocal teacher in the world. She has trained nearly all the great singers of this generation, including Melba, Golve and Eames. The jewels of Mme. Tetrazzine, the most famous prima donna in South America, were, recently seized for debt, when it was found that all the gems were made of paste. Toques are greater favorites with the Psrisiennes than ever, but they also are larger and sit. down more closely on the head. The prettiest are entirely covered with flowers. Miss Baker, who is professor of Greek and Latin at Simpson College, Indiana, is only thirty-two, and it is said that when she was fourteen she translated one of the plays of iEichylus. Miss Charlotte M. Yonge, the Eng lish writer, is tali and inclined to stoutness. Her hair is white—she is now in her seventies—and she has large dark brown eyes that are full of expression. It is said that the Khedive’s mother has picked out as a bride for her son the Princess Naime, daughter of the Sultan of Turkey, who was born in 1876, and is said to be beantifnl and highly cultured. The now grades in swivel silks are in great use for afternoon dresses for the coming season. They are of hand some quality, they quickly utied dust, do not wrinkle, and are pronounced absolutely fast color. The Empress of Austria has a pa thetic delusion. She fancies that her unhappy son, the Crown Prince Ru dolph, is still a baby. A big doll has been given her, which she fondles and keeps constantly by her. Satin ribbon, three inches wide, folded to the width of the ordinary collar and fastened at the side in a saucy butterfly bow, is a change from the shirred velvet collar, that has re ceived the approval of Mamade la Mode. Miss Alice E. Hayden, of Madison, Wis., has distinguished herself and surprised her neighbors by shooting a big wildcat. Mits Hayden, although a fragile Eastern girl, handles a rifle with the ease and skill of an old hun ter. The Princess Beatrice closely fol lows all the topical songs, and after dinner at Balmoral the Queen fre quently listens to a medley of popular airs played by ttie Princess, who in all theatrical matters is thoronghly nr to date. The estate dl “Prinoeas” Kaiulani, according to a late report of her trus tee, it not very extensive. It consists of something like a bushel of jewels; some sugar stock, a little real estate and a small interest in the property left by her mother. "A Contest of Silence" is the novel entertainment to be given by the mem bers of a woman’s sewing society in Indianapolis. Last year the first wo man to speak was qniet for only three minutes. The whiner held her tongue for nineteen minutes and twenty seconds. Mrs. Snsan Stewart FraoOatnn, of Milwankee, Wis., has attaine great distinction as a potter. She is Presi dent of the National League of Min eral Painters, and is the author of a work which is used as a text book at Ihe South Kensington Art Museum, London. The Empress Frederick has induced Berlin societies of amateur photog raphers to co-operate in bringing about an international exhibition of photographs by amateurs ia 1895. Her Majesty has undertaken to be a patroness, and has requested Princess Henry to act as her substitute on the committee. A blonde requires a softer shade of green than the brunette. Too bright a hue wonld give to the fair-haired, fair skinned woman a swallow washed out look. But it is well to know that this color, as well as all others, can be softened and rendered wearable by either type of beauty if judiciously combined with white. Little Kitty Blank, aged four, painted her doll’s cheeks with brick dust and water and blackened dolly’s eyebrows with ink. Au aunt in the family, who rouged her cheeks and pencilled her eyebrows, believing that Kitty was attemping a caricature, beat her cruelly. The people of Still water, Mich., warned the cruel aunt to Iqave town. The wedding cake of Princess Vic toria Melits was of a royal height. It was mixed, baked, decorated and shipped to Coburg by Messrs. Gun ter. A photograph is appended. It -lands five fe*:t sit inches in height, and weighs a hundred and fifty pounds, being, therefore, a little big- •er and a little heavier than the bride uerself. Every tin mine in the United States is owned by British capitalists. A GREAT enrs REFUSE, DISPOSING OF HEW TORE’S MOUN TAINS OF RUBBISH. Towing the Stuff to the Lower Itay^* Curious Finds—Seventeen Dumps Ing Places Along the River Fronts, HE old shoes and hats and banana peels, apon which even the wicked srp bound to fall, the broken gloss and rags, and all the rest of the rubbish which litters the streets, all the nonde script and multitudinous tbings which the people of Manhattan Island have thrown away, and which the jnnkmen have missed—where do they go? There are seventeen dumping places on the two river fronts of New York, where, among other less romantic ref use, are deposited the slippers which soubrettes and other people have out worn ; love letters and bills which never will bo paid, and which are tumbled into the capacious insides of big scows, along with bits of boxes and bands of barrels from commercial neighborhoods downtown and the dis carded bottles from fists uptown, and ore shoveled and raked over and then go on a sea voyage from which they never come back. The shovels arc continually at work, and a whole army of men is busy pretending to earn its share of the great fat appropriation which the tax payers oi Now York are forced to fork over yearly. There is the force in the main office of the department in the Court Build ing in Centre street—clerks of this and clerks of that. Then there are great stables in different parte of the city, stables where hundreds of horses rest. There are blacksmith shops, paint shops, and men in pyramids to do the work in them. Then there nre inspectors of one thing and another at all stages of the game. At each of .the seventeen dumping places along shore there is always a force of inspectors and timekeepers at all hours of day and night keeping tab on the nnmber of loads and bn tho men who bring them. The scows are all reloaded as soon as they come back from their journey to sea. The tugboats which tow tho dusty burdens out on every tide only wait long enough in port to get coal up and have a change of crews male. Then on the next tide off they go to sea again, trailing at the end of long hawsers cargoes of the city’s dirt. Aboard tho garbage scows you will always see six or eight men nt work. Great blinding clouds of dirt are around them eueh os wonld smother an ordinary citizen, but they don’t mind it. With huge forks they claw and shovel and dig away, dragging out from heaps everything that can go to the ragpickers and bring a penny back. These sorters of garbage are Italians, and ore part and parcel of the great padrone contract system. The city gets, it is said, from the bosses, $70,- 000 or $80,000 a year for the privilege of sjiting the stuff, and under the dumps on all the piers are great dark cavernous recesses where ash-covered men and women and children sort over whatever the fellows with their picks have weeded out. A World reporter went the other night on the Mutual, one of the rattlety-bang old tugboats which tow the garbage dumps down the bay. Tucked under the cushions in the pilot-house—the library of the craft— was a book which had been plucked from the ash-hoap—a pretty book, with a blue binding with gilt lettering, a gift book, with the name of a well- known society young woman written on its title page. The lady had tired of it, seemingly, and with its story it had gone through all those hands and all that dirt to furnish a pastime for the patient crew of the Mutual in their idle hours. And all those curhisities and family secrets travel under a strenuous deal of system. There is not a stage that garbage goes through which is not governed by a "regulation.” From the time that your servant rolls the barrel to the curbstone there is a fino or imprisonment or a penalty of some sort attached to any mishandling of its contents. There is a documentary report to be made, too, showing that these requirements hare been fulfilled. Tab is kept on every barrel of ashes. So accurate is tho system that a care ful detective might, with the data these books and papeis wonld furnish, trar to its source any crime the evi dent. v of which was brought to light in tL garbage damps. Careful scrutiny is maintained, too, over the refuse after it leaves port. There is a shore inspector who rides np and down in a tugboat and watches for a strict fulfillment of the rules about signals, about the dumping ot the proper distance outside the Hook, to wit, nearly twenty-three miles from the city, and about damping at the proper time, sd that tho tide shall car ry all the garbage out to sea instead of back into the lower bay. The regu lations that a tugboat captain must bear iu mind, and copies of which he always carries with him, would make two columns of tho World. But then it is a big city aud a big task to keep it clean. It is no wonder that the regulations are many, no wonder that the worX is such a flirty one, no wonder that the piokings of the refuse are worth so much in hard dollars.—New York World. Economical Use ol Artificial Ice. One of the newest plans for the economical use of artificial ice has re cently been patented by Van der Weyde, of Holland. The invention is based on the fact that two smooth sur faces of freshly cut ice when brought into contact at a temperature .below thirty-two degrees will unite firmly. At a higher temperature the junction yields to a blow, and the ice breaks into the original parts. Van der Weyde casts blocks of ice 'into small cube!’, which are stamped with a trade mark. These cubes are joined into a larger cube of any desired weight and sent cut for use. Tho mark is a guar antee that the ice is pure, and the small cubes, weighing an ounce each, are easily separated into a shape con venient for nse. —New York Tribune. The Health Commissionerot Brook lyn has determined to stop the use o: soft coal in factories of that city. The Fisherman Duck’s Sad Fate; The fisherman dock, in addition to his liking for fish, is very fond of oysters, and hereby hangs a tale, or rather a bill. When tbs oyster is feeding at high tide in that state of calm felicity that characterizes the in nocent and just when at dinner, with its mouth wide open, drinking in hap piness like a river, without thought of savage foe, it is the custom of the wily fisherman duck to dive swiftly down upon it and jab it to its teudef heart before the astonished bivalve has time to know “where it is at,” which is in the duck’s mouth before it can shut its own. It is a trick which is generally successful, but sometimes it fails, as in the case of the dnok whose obituary we are now writ ing. This duck, unfortunately for himself, dived and found an oyster. It was only a little one, but it had its month wide open and looked so harm less and innocent that tho Senatorial duck viewed it with contempt. With great disdain he approached it, and inserting his bill, was just upon the point of telling the small bivalve not to be in a hurry to bo eaten when— the little oyster closed its month with the peculiar firmness that character izes meek people when you get them started. The duok rose to the surface and vainly tried to get rid of his dinner, but the little oyster was comfortable and held on. Though a small oyster, it wax too heavy for the duck’s head. Before long the head went under water, and the Senatorial duok was, drowned in his own ele ment and at his own game. The oyster still lives and was exhibited Thursday in the Sun office, serene and happy, holding firmly to the fisher man dnek, which was very dead in deed.—Baltimore Sun. Wisdom Tooth ot a Mammoth, A fossil cariosity iu the shape of a mammoth’s tooth was found a few days ago in West Seattle by Joseph S. Richards. Tho tooth was found at the foot of the bluff, not far from tho beach, and was covered with clay at the time, indicating that it had been unearthed by the breaking away of the hill. The crown of the tooth, which was of an oval shape, measured seven and a half inches in its largest diame ter. three and a half inches in its smallest diameter and eighteen inches in circumference. The posterior edge of the tooth was four inches in length, the anterior edge six inches, the largest circumference twenty-two inches and the weight nine and a half pounds. It is supposed to be the lower back tooth from the left side of the jaw. The ridges have turned to chalcedony and extend entirely through the tooth, while the material between has tbs ap pearance of iron. —Seattle (Wash) Rost- Intelligmcei: Telescopic Lenses. Alvin Clarke, the great telescope maker, in a recent lecture before the Scientific Society of Boston, gave nomo interesting facts about the manufac ture of the big lenses, which bring tho stars near us. He said that it was the invention of the achromatic lens, a combination of a crown glass lens, with a flint glass lens, which made the big telescope a possibility. The great est obstacle that the maker ot lenses has to contend against is the varying density of the glass in the same piece. Ho said that he thought it doubtful whether a piece of glass could be ms le of even density, but the skilffil work man, if he goes nt it right, can s> work the glass as to get a perfect im age. Ho said that when the great Lick telescope was first teste l it showed an image, which was neither round uer oblong, but hs 1 mor i the shape of a horse’s heal than any thing 'else.—New Orleans Picavune. Curiosities iu Plants. • Linnsens had a flower clock, a cir cular plot planted with flowers that opened at different hoars nf the day. The “Irish potato” grows wild in the mountains of Chile and Peru, where it is undoubtedly indigenous. The English evening primrose is a night flower and opens its petals nt sunset with a snai> like a vegetable torpedo, Tho tallest trees in the world grow iu Australia. They are a species of marsh gum, and some are said to ex ceed 800 feet in height. Over fifty species of plants are in cluded among tho breadfruit trees, and over 200 species of palms ore known to the botanist. It is estimated that there (ire up ward of 70,000 different kinds of plants, and additions are constantly being made to this number. The increase of wealth in the far W-eslern States during the past half century has been extraordinary. In 1850 the average per capita of popula tion was $167, where in 1890 it was $2250. The average in Rhode Island, the, richest New England State, was $1459 in 1890. _____ U ncle Sam’s mail wagons have »b solute right of way over all other ve- lioles in all parts of the country. Twice as many women as men ar* afflicted with nenralcia. Chronic Indigestion K* pt mi» In very poor hoalth for flvo yoam, 1 bewail to take Hood's Sarsaparilla and r^y digestion was helped by the first three dosi j s. g Sarsa- w parillc ~ures Hood I have now takrn over four ho:tl« sand I linn- ly believe it has cured me, and also saved my ^ lib*. .Mss. It. E. Piiixci!, Bushville, N. Y. Hood’s Pills are purely vegetable. c Do You Wish the Finest Bread and Cake? It is conceded that the Royal Baking Powder is the purest and strongest of all the baking powders. The purest baking powder makes the finest, sweet est, most delicious food. The strongest baking pow der makes the lightest food. That baking powder which is both purest and strongest makes the most digestible and wholesome food. Why should not every housekeeper avail herself of the baking powder which will give her the best food with the least trouble ? Avoid all baking powders sold with a gift or prize, or at a lower price than the Royal, as they invariably contain alnm, lime or sul phuric acid, and render the food unwholesome. Certain protection from alum baking powders can be had by declining to accept any substitute for the Royal, which is absolutely pure. Discovery ot Aztec Relics. Moses Thatcher, a noted and ex ceedingly wealthy Mormon leader, has returned to San Francisco from sn exploring trip in Mexico. Referring to a tract of country in the Sierra Madre Mountain district of the State of Chihuahua, where a Mormon colony has recently been established, Mr. Thatcher said: “In a radius of 100 miles there is enough masonry to build two cities the size of San Francisco, and this tells the isle of a great civilization that once flourished there. Near by I purchased a tract of land. On part of this laud I discovered about half a dozen oaves. The entrances were walled np with cement two and a half feet thick, with only port holes aud a narrow aperture lelt sufficiently wide to allow one person to enter. These caves were provided with olUs, in which water and provisions were stored, and were formed of long sacs- tion grass, mixed with cement, and were usually about twelve feet high and eight or nine i iu width. One was in perfect preservation. “The caves were divided into apart ments, and one of them contained seventeen rooms. Upon the walls arc still fresh character writings of tho ancient inhabitants, of the same class as described in the ‘Mexican Antiqui ties’ by Lord Kingsbury. The caves on tho laud referred to will accommo date fully Ijjj _ .sons, and a cele brated Belgian scientist not long ago found more relic i in them than he had in a search of 151 miles elsewhere.”— New York Advertiser, Why a Wile Changes Her Name. It is said that the practice of the wife’s assuming the husband's name at marriage originated from a Roman custom, and became the common prac tice after the Roman occupation. Thus, Julia aud Octavia, married to Foinpey and Cicero, wore called by the Romans Julia of Pompey, aud Octavia of Ciero, and in later times married women in most European countries signed their names in tho same manner, but ommitted the “of.” Against this view may be mentioned that during the sixteenth and oven the beginning of seventeenth century tho usage seems doubtful, since we see Katherine Parr so signing herself afte» she had been twice married, and we always heor of Lady Jane Grey (not Dudley) ami Arabella Stuart (not Seymour). Some persons think that the custom originated from the Scrip tural teaching that husband aud wife nre one. It was decided iu the case ol Bon vs. Smith, in the reign of Eliza beth, that a woman by marriage loses her former name and legally reoeivei that of her husband.—Now York Tele gram. A New York life saver, after a series of observations extending over m period of twenty years, says that the superstition that a drowning person rises to the surface three times is entirely unfounded. A Queer l lioui. The other day I hear l a queer idiom which I herewith present to cel- lectors of linguistic curiositioi. The speaker was one ot the ladies in the family of a Government official who had been serving his country abroal for a short time. “No,” she said, “We did not care for Europe; we thought it very dull. Wo were not bunched once during our whole stay abroad.” The expression was so un usual that an cuterpriaiug listener, bolder than tho others, asked what it might mean. “What do 1 moan by “bunched?” repeated the first speakei in surprise. “Why, no one sent us any flowers. What else could I mean?” — Kste Field’s Washington. THROW IT AWAY. There's no long- n r.ny need of / wearing clumsy. Vs chafing Trusses, which give only psrtlal relief at bet, never cure, but often Indict great Injury. Inducing Indummntion, strangulation and death. HERNIA Rupture' no matter of how long standing, or of what size, Is promptly and permanently cured without the knife and without pain. Another Triumph In Conserv^tiva Surgery Is the euro, of H’TTIUnPQ Ovarian, Fibroid and other 1 UJUV/IvO) varieties, without tho pen'j of cutting opcnitions. PILE TUMORS, PuTulafsniother discuses of the lower bowel, promptly cured without pain or resort to the knife. GTnArT? In the Bladder, no mnttrr how D1 vii Hi Inr^e, is crushed, pulverized, and washed cut. thus avoiding cutting. QTUTflTTTRT? urinary passage is D1 tXiXJ i IJ IVrj also removed without cutting. Abundant References, and Pamph lets, on above diseases, sent sealed, in Plain en velope, 10 cts. (stamps). World’s Disprm* caky Medical Association, Buffalo, N. Y. To Clenuse t e System Effectually yet gently, when costive or bilious, or when the blood is impure or sluggish,to per manently cure habitual constipation, to awak en the kidneys and liver to a healthy activity, w.thout Irritating or weakening them, to dis pel headaches, colds or fevers, use Syrup of Pigs. Porttjqal asks England’s good oftbies lit bringing about a reconciliation with Brazil. Ilall’M Catarrh Cure is a liqut J and Is taken internally, nn 1 ar ts direc ly on the blood and mucous surfaces of t!ie -ystem. Write for tes timonials, free. Manufactured by l'\ J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, O. The district about Tours, Francs, has boea laid waste by a hailstorm. Shiloh'* Cure Is sold on a gun r m t‘e. It runs Incipient Con sumption;!! st.Mc B ,; t f’o it/li (V'rj;.‘i>c.,50e., fl Lest year the Monte Carlo bank madt 14,600,000. tf aft Meted with nore eyes u?e Dr Isa c Thomp- •on’sEjr watwi Drugadst* *dl at £5o per b»tt • I Mmmm Ceniamptlvca and people I who have wee k longs or Aith-1 do, should uf,a Plso's Core for I Consumption. It has ewred I thoimands. it has not Injar* I ed one. It Is not bod to take, f U is the best congh syrup. Bold srerywhere. HSe. CONSUMPTION. $!2n$35 A WEEK Caw be made working fot ns. Parties preferred who can 1 furnish n horse end travel i through ths country; s team, thou3h, Is not necessary A _ i few vacancies In towns end cities M« n and women of good chsrsctcr will find this an exceptional opportunity for profitable cm* p oyment. 8. are hours may b‘ usel to good ad van* tag*. H. F JOHNSON «V CO., lltb and fiiaio 8ln., Itlchuiond, V*. VJ . T '.—‘.’4 UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. Ill’NTEU .ncbl'IUK, LI..D., Pr.^ J .IN. A.WHITE, A.M., II.D., Sec.&Trea*. A HIGH GRADE INSTITUTION 1N1) E1 T* D LI “AIVT liE N T8; MEDICINE. DENTISTRY. PHARMACY. A DIDACTIC AND CLINICAL COLLEGE, CONDUCTED BY 46 INSTRUCTORS. The Regular Se.al.n begin, e'ealeiiiber ISth nnd conllnuen ..ve. month*. Per Cnmlngnr ngili-e.n Hr. J. ALLISON IIODOTS, Cor. -ec*y. ItlchmonJ, Ym. LOVELL Diamond Cycles ARE THE BEST MADE. ALL THE LATEST IMPROVEMENTS. Illf.lt fiUADE IN EVERY RESPECT. THE TOURIST'S KAVOUl i'E. "wxiy : THE WONDER OF THE ACE. CALL AND SEE IT. *CIRAFFc.<> Send for our Special Bargain 1.1st of second-hand and shop-worn Wheels. We have got Just what yon wmt. (JATALOHt’Eft KitfiE TO AM.. AGENTS WANTED. HUH GRADE BI3YCIE FOR $t3.75o^tM are cloiin; o’U a! tae ah .ve low prlea. A rare chvio.. to g h a fir^-clai* .lureblu wheel at a har- g,l". They are full >Ue iri-nta whei-L. hall houriujawl nite t with mioumallo tirea Soul 15 to guar .u!‘" m:,re»s charz -., an.l wo will .hip C. O. D. ZU.ij, with tho ur.vil -g« of examination, t ue«lre.l. Apply to our agent, or direct to u<. “ ' OL'H SPORT1NU iiOODS LINE IS UNEXCELLED. Send ton cent, (the imt-.il cos, of mailing) In .lamp, or money for large Illustrated four hun dred page catalogue, coalalnu. r all binds ot sporting Oo id. and hundred, of other articles. JOHN P. LOVELL ARMS CO., . .1 ^ .1 t I * \ V .US a . • 131 Broad 8t. nnd t49 W aching ton 8t., BOSTON.