The Darlington herald. (Darlington, S.C.) 1890-1895, November 30, 1892, Image 4
»
m DARLINGTON HERALD
Establkliril July .lOlh, IS'JO.
Ill's)roynl bv Eire lleceiiber r>tli, 18110
Uo-Kstablisheil February llth, 1891.
w.
D. WOODS, Editor.
a
One Dollar a Year.
1)ARLINGTON, S. C.
Wednesday, Nov. 30, 1892.
Slate have been met in full. The
message calls attention to the fact
that a large part of the property of
the State escapes taxation anil
recommends that all notes be stamp
ed by the County Auditor in order
to make them collectible by law. Of
cou;
to m
jrsr
nuj
—li :.
OBITUARY.
On Thanksgiving morning the
soul of Win. 11. Evans, for seventy-
three years a tenant of las
earthly body, was freed from that
body which it had so many years
adorned with a Christian spirit, and
returned the God who gave it. It is
for others to sneak of his walk
expended on its maintenance, we
must bear in mind that the class for
which this institution is established
pay their full share toward the pub
lic support, and if it is their wish
and desire to have a part of their
taxes used for the continuance of
this college, their wishes should be
respected. We can maintain good
rrannn
James Allan & Co.
285 King St. Charleston, S. C.
The Largest Jewelry Store in the State
SOLID PLATES OP
DARLINGTON
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SOME OF THE DANGER OF PA- tion
TERNALISM. j 1
That the trend of a good deal of the (,]j n
1 'gislation, of the present day, is in ; the
the direction of paternalism, is r ,.f e
perfectly manifest no intelligent man now
will deny; and how to counteract this j„g
tendency should engage the earnest thou
attention of every good citizen. One | fi u i s
of the most fruitful sources of this!
species of legislation lies in the haste! the
v itli which measures, that have not
been fully discussed and considered,
are rushed through the Legislature
and enacted into laws, the unwisdom
of which is seen when too late. The
age in which we live has been fraught
with so many changes and discoveries, 0X j )r
that it has brought about a spirit of on ] v |
unrest, which produces a feverish J f or
a ixiety, on the part of those who ril j t .
have been entrusted with making the
laws, to add new and strange enact
ment to the statute book, with the
vague but erroneous ’' ' they are
very materially advancing the mate- | jeal
rial interests or moral elevation of the f oc t
people. It is getting to be more and f nrc
more the custom, a belief for which 1 s i n ,j
unsc s politicians are almost ( 0 j,
entirely responsible, to look to the!p Ur p
Mate or the General Government to k nov
regulate matters that should be left , vou j
entirely to the individual conscience er ,
or convenience of every citizen; al-: (j 0V f
lowing him to regulate his conduct' ti 1P (
subject only to those unwritten laws ag
«Inch are the safeguard of onr whole 1 an j t
social fabric. With many people, j wa u,
who are otherwise intelligent, the
idea seems to prevail that, in some
way. which they do not undertake to
explain, the Mate can legislate in
such a manner as to make every man
prosperous and happy; and having
this ability it is very reprehensible,
in those entrusted with legislation,
that this c " ' of affairs is not
brought about Self reliance is ab
solutely necessary to success it) every L . un)
phrase of life and the man who learns lna (
to look to the State to regulate his , liel
private affairs, very soon loses eon-
lidence in himself and becomes, to
ulLiiiaud purpose-, a —iskLA-wbo--
needs constant supervision and care, has
The State is not only called upon to ■ gust
regulate our temporal affairs but to lege
force us to be moral likewise, and who
v. hen this is attempted there is no coin!
telling where it will end. j yj av
The prohibition movement furnish- sarv
es just now the most striking illustra- and
Lon of this tendency to legislate on a If m
purely moral question. If the State l^egii
must prevent by force anyone from out ^
drinking whiskey, then it is perfect- will !
ly competent to pass strict laws by is if:
which every parent should be guided strei
in the training of their children; for Mr
it would be clearly right to throw tion
every possible safeguard around mot
them, looking to the prevention of mat
their forming the habit. 1 tint
Tne safeguard of the State and of Da
society lies within the home circle,' we
and if this great power for good be suj
neglected, it is not in the power of tio;
any Legislative assembly to counter- 1 poi
act this neglect It is there that the le S <
rising generation should be trained
to resist temptation, for it is very
certain that it cannot be avoided,
and there is no real develop
ment of character until these numer
ous temptations are met and over
come. The boy w ho is not taught j issu
tiie importance of controlling bis mail
passions and appetites is but poorly Pre,
e m1 for the battle of life, and; Epit
sooner or later will fall an easy victim neve
to some form of temptation from 1 and
which it is impossible to guard him. j very
Whenever it can be shown that pa- j to hi
tcrnalism tends to make a people jority
more self reliant and more moral, have j
then there maybe some excuse for higl
trying it; but until this is demon- elect
.-‘rated, we shall light against any ] ougl:
t'-ndency in this direction. The | his
j I'ohibitionists propose to light a espeJ
moral evil by force and by paternal
legislation we trust to elevating the
moral sentiment of the people through '
tie dissemination of the truths of!
C hristianity; the only way in which Gov|
any moral reform has c-u-r been
brought about.
trait
the (
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H
UM MM
SUPPLEMENT.
Tlie
Of Governor B. R. Tillman
To the General Assembly of Sonth
Carolina at the Begular Ses-
son, November 22, 1892.
The following li the full text of Governor
Tillman’s message, which was delivered to
lb* Legislature or. Tuesday, Nov. 22,1892.:
GsnMemen of the General Auembly :
While the reports of the oflteers In charge of
tht different departments of the government
will convey to you full Information us to the
Stale and Ita various departmenis and Insti
tutions, It has been the custom for the Gov
ernor to eoodense and marshal the most sal
ient leatnree of these dIOereut reports, so as
to give a bird’s-eye view of the sltnaiiou. As
tbabesd of the government, with the duty
imposed on him ol exercising a general su-
S rvlslon of Its entire machinery, It Is proper
it this should be done, the more so because
the message of the Governor Is given extend
ed drculatlun through the newspapers, which
la not the case with the departmental reports.
the Slate to be *198,871,227, a very slight In
crease over last year; and considering theile-
pressed condition ol our agricultural Interests
and the low price of our staple crop, this Is
satisfactory showing. The efforts of the
Comptroller to have properly In the Slate
listed and assessed In accordance with the
laws have been largely frustrated by the ac
tions of our eourls, and I will call attention
to this matter lu another place. .Home
amendments lo the ststutis In regard to the
assessments and levying of luxes are needed,
and some declaratory statutes are suggested
by the Attorney General, which I hope your
honorable bodies will consider favorably.
The following table shows the assessment
lor taxation during Ihe laat sixteen years,
since the white people have been In comrbl;
TOTAL TAXABLE PROPERTY OF SOCTH CARO
LINA.
THE TREASVHY.
Notwithstanding the reduction In the lax
levy by the preceding Legislature and a fur
ther falling off In tne phosphate royalty, all
claims against the Stale of every character
have bean promptly met and there Isa small
caah balance lo the credit of the general mod.
The following tables from the report of the
State Treasnrer will Indicate clearly the con
dition of our finances:
CASH LIABILITIES, 31st OCTOBER, 1892.
Interest due and not called for. *177,880.73
Interest from 1st January, 1880, to 1st
July, 1892, on (208,28815 Brown Con
sols liable to be issued for valid
principal of and Interest on old
bonds not yetoonsolldsted;
Balance ol appropriation
tbarefor ...* 88,572.78
Not specially appropriated.. 112,t>l8.33
391,218.11
Sinking Fund Com mission 30.86134
Direct Tax Fund uu.6J3.70
Morrill Fund 6100U00
Balance Appropriations Unpaid, say 7ii,noo.ou
Special Accounts 8.808.t>3
1870-1877..
1877- 1879..
1878- 1879 .
1879- 1880 .
18811-ISM..
1881-1882 .
1882- 1883 .
1883- 1884..
1884- 1835 .
1885- 1889 .
1886- 1887..
1887- 1888..
1888- 1889..
1889- 1890..
1890- 1891.
1891- 1892.
*135356 009
195.2811119
129.314.737
, 121,019.010
. 129.519.825
180 187,392
145.412,292
150.909,304
119.727,009
144.501.184
141,070 347
141.989,151
, 14.5 420.016
150,002.451
168.292.909
168,871,227
ttUl .389.91
CASH ASSETS, 3Ut OCTOBER, 1892.
General Account- I 29 455.83
Sinking Fund Commission 30,861.34
Privilege Tax on Fertilizers
Department Agriculture
Redemption Defieleuces
Escheated Estates (cash)
Downer Fund
Direct Tax Fund.
Morrill Fund
Clemaou Bequest cash account
320.00
1,114 52
998.97
9,729.73
891.95
60,028.70
00,000.00
2,779.80
(201,74890
Net cash liability let Nov. 1892 *419,041.01
TOTAL LIABILITIES NOVEMBER 1st, 1892.
Liabilities other than cash (bond
debt). Brown Consols *5,403,002.21
Green Consols, face value 528,627.00
Blue per cents 400.0U0.uu
Brown 4 per cents 38,726 57
Agricultural College Scrip 191.80000
Deficiency Slock outstanding 717.72
Bonds and stock (principal w ith in
terest to 1st January, 1880,) *552,-
584.45, fundable at 50 per cent. In
Brown Consols bearing Interest
from 1st January, 1880, less esti
mated Invalidity, &c
4,288.15
Less Invalidity In the Green Con-
•ols
*6,820,821.65
420,215.05
(6,406.90900
.. 921,889.91
Caah Liabilities..
„ . *7,927.995.91
Cash Assets November 1st, 1892, 201,748.90
Net Liabilities November 1st, 1392..(8,82C,2l7.oi
KEYENCE AND RECEIPTS FOB YEAR ENDING
OCTOBER 3tSt, 1892.
Taxes for 1890, 1801, and back taxes...(713.850.89
Phosphate royalty 152,289 40
Filvllege tax on fertilizers 39,10h9S
Sinking Fond Commissioners OjuO.Uu
Rail road assessments for railroad
oommlaslunera 7337.86
Feet of office of Secretary of Slate. 1 406 34
Insurance license fees . 5 630.00
Special Fund BLUMS
Direct tax lund received from Unit
ed States Government 221,711226
Morrill fund received from United
States Government oeooo.nn
Other sources - 1,692.26
Total
Balance cash October 31,
Total
*1,262,172 41
1891 64,615.02
— (1,826,787.46
EXPENDITURES FOR YEAR ENDING OCTOBER
31st, 1892.
Legtsiatvle expenses * 42.538.19
Public printing 31,53(188
Educational, eburitable, penal aud
sanitary Insllluilous and expenses 197,855.13
Clemson Agrlcullural College 4.5,315 71
Pensions. 51,528.92
Sinking Fund 1 tun mission wariauts 'tuyjju
Interest on public debt aud expenses 357,039.37
Refund taxes 8 388 61
Maintaining mlllila 1890-91 A 1891-92.. iDjmouO
Redemption BrownConaolsexpenses 818.05
Direct tax clslms, act 1884 5,680.50
Direct tax fund, Including a warrant
refunded 102,280 99
Department of Agriculture 12.28
Contingent funds, stationery and
stamps,executive ulflcers 6.071.23
■•‘Arles 119,707.12
On otuer accounts 44,G20.4«
...91,125.UCK&t>
... Ji«*l,748 »4
It Is not a good ^bowing, and Indicates that
we are a very hm rovldent and non progres
sive people, or elwe that there is a large
amount of property which escapes taxation
or Is undervalued for taxation. Our sister
State -of Cieorgia, during the same period,
wit h a like climate and like soil and nogreat-
er natural advantiKes. shows an ii.crease of
assessed values of 9228,000,000. It was 8235,000,-
U00 in 1877 and Is now $161,000,000 No sane
man wiil claim that the average South Caro
lina county is not as prosperous as the aver
age Georgia county, and that there has not
been a like Increase of wealth on this side of
the Savannah river. The explanation is not
far to seek. We have a constitutional tax of
two mills for schcM)l purposes, and, while our
free schools are not supported as liberally as
they should be, the disinclination of the peo
pie lo increase the free school fund, under
present conditions, has kept property at a
valuation of about one-half Us selling price.
DEMAND FOR INCREASED ASSESSMENT.
The property of the State, If assessed Record
ing to law, would approximate $400,0.0,000.
This would double the school fund, and
reduce the tax levy for the state from about 5
mills to2’£ mills. The effort of the Comp
troller to execute the laws governing assess
ment* have been largely paralyzed by the
fact that real estate was assessed on the present
basis In 1890 and cannot be touched for reas
sessment until l w 9i. unless the General As
sembly should authorize it. Had this been
done last year, as was advised by both the
romptroller-General and myself, it would
have greatly facilitated the refunding of the
bonds; for one of the questions asked by
capitalists Is as to the State’s valuation for
taxation; and the fact that during the past
sixteen years tnere has been an apparent in
crease of our property of only $*>3,015,213 has
created false Impressions abroad as to the
thrift and prosperity of the State. In provid
ing, as I hope will be done, a new system fo»
the assessment of property. I trust that every
species of property in the state will be sub
jected to the same rule and every effort made
to prevent tax dodging, which is now too pre
valent. 1 will repeat here what 1 had to sav
on this subject in ray last annual message, as I
have seen no reason to change the views set
forth therein:
TOWNSHIP GOVERNMENT.
"The ottlce of county commissioners should
be abolished, and to place of it a government
by townships substituted. Three Intelligent
men In each township, elected by the voters
thereof, should be entrusted with the man
agement of the roads and bridges, schools,
aud assessment of property In the same. The
chairman of these U cal boards should consti
tute a county board to manage the county fi
nances. audit accounts and order expendi
tures. The salaries, if any, paid these town
ship commissioners, or selectmen, can he de
termined by the voters or fixed t>y law. The
Constitution can be changed to abolish the of
fice of county commissioner, and these chungi s
will inevitably result In a great saving to
each county, while there will lie a correspond
ing increase in efficiency. Property will be
assessed at its real value, and millions now
hidden will be made to pay their share of
taxes. This county hoard should also consti
tute the county board of equalization, Instead
being appointed as at present by the auditor.
"In this connection I suggest the propriety
of requiring all notes, etc, to he stamped by
the county auditor and placed on tax books
to make them collectible by law. Make the
note shaver or lender pay taxes as well as the
land owner whose property stands in bis
name, while he perhaps owes as much as it is
worth.’'
THE LUNATIC ASYLUM.
The condition of this Institution, as far as
the conduct ot its Affairs Is concerned, is all
that could he desired: but I would again call
your attention to the fact that there an-
changes needed in the laws governing the ad
mission of patients, so as to prevent the
state's charity from being abused. The He
gents have asked for an approprla lon of
OU0 to enlarge Ufc asylum so as to meet the de
mands made upon it. The supet Inteudent
calls attentton to the overflowing condition o:
the institution and Ihe necessity f or either
changing the laws governing admission orol
increasing the accommodations. Theasylum
has a large number of patients who more
properly belong to the county poor house,
aud the General Assembly has the choice ot
either making an appropriation for its en
largement or a change In the law which would
prevent this abu-e. If each county be re
qulred to pay for its own patients aud the su
perintendent be given the power to examine
Into the fitness and needs of applicants for
admission; this class of patients will be sent
where they propei ly belong. There will be
no need for an Increase of buildings and the
institution can amply provide for all who
properly belong there lor many years to come.
The number of patients under treatment at
present is 7G4. The total Income pt the Instl-
stitution from all sources has been $115 385 57,
and the expenditures have been $112,871.78,
From peroual inspection and familiarity
with the asylum and its management, the
State Is to be congratulated upon having two
such officers ns Super!met:dent Babcock and
Mr. J. W. Bunch, steward and treasurer ; and
the regents have been untiring in their efforts
to have the Institution reach the highest de
gree of efficiency and economy.
THE PENITENTIARY.
The number of oouviols In the penitentiary
at present is 900, an increase of 107 as compar
ed wiih last year. A copy of the financial
statement is appended, showing the opera
tions of the Institution during the year.
Statement of cash received and disbursed at
South Carolina penitentiary during the
period beginning November 1st, 1891,aud
ending October 31st, 1892.
RECEIPTS.
To cash balance on hand 31st Octo-
tober, 1891
To amount received for convict hire]
Sales cotton and other farm prod
ucts..
While the yield of cotton on the State farm
has been small and much of it has been sold
at a low price, an abundance of corn has been
raised. The third Installment has been paid
on the State larin, which was purchased In
1890, and is being rapidly put In a high state
of cultivation. The policy hitherto pursued
of working on shares In theCongaree bottoms
with Messrs, .seagersand others has been dis
continued, and ihe convicts are now being
hired out at a fixed rate. The 500 horse-power
which the State reserved when it donated the
canal to the city of Columbia has been devel
oped under lease to the Columbia Electric
Light and Railway Company at a rental of
$2,500 per annum, with a reservation of 100
horse-power for the use of the Stut.e whenever
it may need it at a similar rate.
EDUCATION.
The report of the Superintendent of Educa
tion shows that the free schools of the Slate
are in as satisfactory condition as we can ever
expect them to be under existing laws
There are some radical defects in the system,
and It will have to he remodeled and an in
creased amount of money provided If the
schools are to answer the requirements and
our children not grow up in ignorance. My
views on this subject are so well known, and
the discussion of the matter Itas been so gen
eral, that I do not deem It necessary to repeat
them at any length here. I would only say
that, lu my Judgment, the State can furnish
education oi a proper kind and quality cheap
er than It can be done through private effort,
and we owe it to ourselves to put forth ev cry
energy towards perfecting the system. The
present system is a humbug, and totally In
adequate for ihe pu 1*1)0868 designed. The re
port of the Stale Superintendent of Educa
tion, who is a painstaking and zealous officer,
shows a decreased attendance of pupils last
year as compared with the previous year
amounting to 2.810, but, from extended and
Intimate asHoelation with the people In every
county during the last summer, I know that
I should arrange for Us being restored. I de
cided at once, both in the interest of the
school and as a matter of economy, in the
preservation of the State’s property, that it
was better to rebuild without waiting till ac
tion could be had by the General Assembly.
Had the Insurance money been paid Into the
treasury there was no authority of law to use
it, and besides 1 did not like to assume the re
sponsibility of deciding how much of the in
surance money was due the State. The insur
ance companies then proposed to restore the
building rather than pay the whole of the in
surance, and the matter was adjusted on this
basis. Desiring to see that the work was thor
oughly done, I appointed as the agent of the
State to supervise the contract Maj. C. S. Gads
den, a resident member of the hoard ot visi
tors. 1 here was no fund out of which to pay
him for thin service, but be cheerfully under
took it ns a labor of love, and gave much val
uable time to the work. Advantage was
taken of the opportunity offered, as far as it
could be done, to modernize aud add many
new and valuable features to the reconstruct
ed building; aud the Institution is now in
perfect condition and far better adapted to
the purposes of the school than it was before
the fire. Maj. Gadsden’s report is on file In
my office, together with all the vouchers and
papers connected with the matter, and it af
fords me pleasure to testify to the thmough
and business-like way in which he discharged
the responsive duty imposed on him.
I he attendance at the school is satlsfacmu,
137 students having matriculated at the begin
ning of the present session. There Is consid
erable complaint of favoritism aud abuse of
the purpose of the school as Intended for poor
boys only; and though the toward of visitors
appear to have exercised every precaution,
such things are inseparable from an institu
tion of this kind and their prevention almost
impossible. Owing to the better advantages
offered to boys living In or near towns oi the
^uy-e In attending good schools, the country
„ .A.i,,v;., a tv11txmm | are at a disadvantage In a competitive
there is widespread and deep interest on the , on,an( * prize of a cadetship in
subject of education, and that the General l, ‘' 8 , . n8t ‘ lu tion. which is worth SI,2U<>, rarely
AsNembly will merit and receive the appro-1 ^° e8 j 1 ° y‘ e,n \ would appear too, that to
hattonofthe masses in anything that they r*™ a v. en v 1001 a,, d lo increase its i.selul-
tuay do to give us better schools. The times “f 1 ! 8 11 'i 0 . 1 t belter to double the number
are Ktrlngeut and money very scale, but all , uenenclaries, allowing for each $150* year
along this line all nccis^ary increase of tax
ation will be cheerful ly borne, provided the
schools are run sufficiently long aud proper
teachers provided.
THE .SOUTH CAROLINA COLLEGE.
This institution, which has been in exist
ence for nearly one hundred years, and has
been the head of our educational system, is
not lu a satisfactory condition. The attempt
to make it a university some years ago had
tailed dismally, although there was an at
tendance of *>2tf students In 1889-90. The last
Legislature ordered the discontinuance of the
instead ot $300, and by reducing, if possible,
the cost per capita, enable a greater number
to receive the advantages of this noble benefi
cence, and deficit to be paid by the students
themselves. Then If, as 1 hope, the public free
schools shall attain that degree of execllence
which alone will entitle ttieiu to long exist
ence, these cadetships could be open to poor
boys as prizes to be contended for,and award
ed under tiie auspices of the county teachers
associations. The ambition of teachers and
students both would thus be stimulated, the
ooys to get the place and the teachers to have
their students to get them. And we would
certainly he rid of tfti
instead, of a first class literary, classic and
scientific college. It was natural, and expect
ed, that the transition would cause a falling
off In the attendance, and at the close of the
collegiate >ear in June, 1S92. the number had
decreased to ninety-eight. It was Imped aud
expected by the trustees that with the open
ing of the college in September there would
be an increase of students, but we have been
disappointed, and find that there are now
only seventy In atu-udance. There are sev
eral causes which have produced this result
T n* t I I ft. 4-1.. - - *
ibriefly outline some of them, jwou.d largely do away with the^omnlaints
*l rea *' stringency among which are made about bovs who * *•
onr peonle by re»«j„ of the lovT^ ofcot* ! Pay'lhM? way'' EHUu/^re^ppoh.ta'eo,*
ton, and the inability to bear the expense has ! What the State wains, and what was contend
causeil a fulllngoll in Hie paironaue of all (he plated when Ihe Citadel was founded was to
l “e Sfoall .attendance at thl. j take the brlKlUeat youths an.ong the’ poorer
BS a 11(1 irivn th.. ir, a .. I I
college may be a-cribetl almost wholly to the
political and social antagonisms which exi-t
in the State. The college is located at the
capital, the people oi which are bitterly op
posed to the present administration, though
it was put in office by an overwhelming ma-
Jority on issues, the principal of which was
what should constitute our system of higher
education. The old idea was in favor of liter
ary and classical culture. »t an expense too
great for any but rich men’s sons. The new
Idea Is ti» provide cheaply a thorough English
education, with a practical knowledge and ap
plication of science to agriculture and the me
chanic arts along Industrial lines. Tnere Is
need oi both, and room for both schemes.
Clemson college embodies the one and the
South Carolina college the other. They will
not compete with each ** - - • •
should be no antagonism
certainly, Clemson not
there is no tailing off l
South Carolina college ,
ihe adherents of the old
under plain limitations and in clearly defined
ways.
THE COURTS INTER FEME.
The legislative branch of the govt rnmonl
enacts; the Judiciary Intcrinct-; Hie execu
tive enforces and denies out the laws. ']he}
are co ordinate Mid co-equal; hut it was nevei
contemplah'd that the judiciary should annul
a law simply hy a decision which is cUarly
wrong, or overrid- the executive branch hy
usurpation of authority which is forbidden.
1 hey have their separate places and func
tions, and should be kept in them. The Leg-
islaturecan protect itself from encroachment;
but the executive has no remedy other than
anneal to the representatives of ihe people.
>\ bile It Is to be supposed tlyit all branches
of the government will labor in concert to see
that the laws are properly interpreted and ex
ecuted, It Is natural that there should he dif
ference of opinion in these matters: and It Is
not impossible that favoritism and prejudic-
may exist In some of the departments. But.
after the legislative branch ot thegoverninent
has ordered a levy and given plain Instruc
tions as to the methods of assessment, and
the executive branch has loyally and in goo.'
faith set in motion the machinery provided
for the collection of taxes, the Judic'ary h
sternly forbidden to interfere hy suinnv*rj
priM-ess, and the only remedy for Improper or
undue assessment is that the tax-payer shal
pay under protect and then recover hy a suit
at law. I do not deem It necessary to quote at
length from our statutes to show the correct
ness of this synopsis, but will give brief ex
tracts when necessary.
DIFFICULTIES IN ASSESSING PROPERTY.
In the dlKcharge of his duty, ns the Slale'8
fiscal officer, the Comptroller <»t neral issued
general Inst ructions to the Auditors in regard
to the assessment of property last year, • ail
ing attention specially to the requirements ol
the statutes, that‘‘all property shall be valued
.lx V^ation at its true value lu money,’*
which is declared to he "(he usual selling price
on the usual terms of similar propertYat ad
ministrators or executors sales;*’ and In the
ca«e of real estate at "sales for partition und t
the order of the court " His efforts were di
rected towards having all property honestly
assessed as thus clearly provided; butnorea'-
sessment of real estate being possible under
the law until the four years had expired since
the last assessment—in 1890—and knowing
i iat wouul be a labor of years to have thb
statute enforced as to an species of property,
when it came to the Comptroller General’s
knowledge ‘hat some of the banks were not
returning their surplus, and that other prop-
Wn8 V? 1 as8 es8ed in accordance with
these provisions, i. #>., the usual selling price
or real value, the attention of the auditors
quot6*111 Tul/" ,Sect,on 2W.which I will
THE LAW IN REFERENCE TO RETURNS.
u .,'* J r« c V on T* 9, , the eounty auditor shall
suspect or be informed that any person or
persons, corporation or company, has evaded
making a return, or made a false return, o'
, or the * r Property for taxation, oi
»l^? rh . aH ' no1 mat,Ja return, or that
™J Uall ° n re, 1 ,, rned Is less than it should
ha\e been, accord ngh* the rules prescribed
Hmi h K r C i ,U . P K er ' 11 K,ml1 be hi* duty at any
r ^ e .^ ! , ®^ t,,er » a| l , with the reasurer
for the j ear, to notify such party to appeal
h,m * l,s "(lire lit m tlnre fixed in suld
‘°KeiIrer Will, such other i.erson oi
i i\£“ 11 au<,lt,,r »'»>• desire lo exu-
Ti" i h ? l n r ly ’ ‘"’Selher u llli any wit-
Il.r nn.l r' ’ w VXl,,nlne<l h >' 8“‘>1 ‘""U-
ifoririVfo ‘ said auditor I. an
nil!..M!.’I..‘li 1 !V. " 1 s ‘ iDUCiniiK tiie personal
, . r-e—-..' ..i .uc aen.a.i n in | P } tj Hiicl the Value t hereof of Miieli part J
depend oh this scheme being honestly carried I “'d everything which may tend to evince tiie
out and the elimination of the ahum which l” 1 ® “'"“ Ul ' t . , ; ucl1 P’ 1 ' ty should have returned
now certainly exist. If these recommend;.- >r ‘"ballon
Iiu ‘ e . t y, . >ur approval, In the counties
where no teachers associations exist, the eon- " " AT T,1E DID.
diictot the examinations amt the
tion as lo properly, et
charge of ihe members
bly. Who, for political
would endeavor to
forced,
THE WINTHROI’ school. | required him lo suinrnon^the^parUes'rnTnter
This inslitutlon. which Is still belng con- mfok" li we’ , re' ; ma R <| l r"nn' 1 '.! ,n ‘ 1 , ( - r " al11 • After the
Uniumbiu, is In a most! Uredumfome “^red^
Judge for m
i* to restore
figures as pass-
and this
similar case oc-
boys are receiving nearly all ihe benefit ol
this charity, and that, too, when they are not
entitled to it.
It Is not always Ihe brightest boy or the one
capable of the greatest mental cultivation
who answers the question, best ut the exuml-
nutlou,. for It is frequently only a difference
of oppuri unity.
If a certificate, under oath of the three
township assessors where Ihe appl cant re
sides were required,ol the Inability of the
noj or bis relatives to pay lor his education, il
- IV-. .11 ll l . 1 -. ........ I . ■ .. . .
c.',arses and tkein a practical education.
I he welfare and popularity of the school will
Stale who desire reform nnd who fet 1 the in
equality of the administration of the law
may elect Governors and Legislatures time
•rid again to do their bidding, butas long as
:he judiciary misinterpret the law. override
d, or indulge in judicial legislation, our ef
forts to secure < quality in taxation, the pro
tect ion of life and properly and a fair and Im
partial ad • inistration will he in vain. If
our courts are allowed to exercise a power
which they are forbidden to exercise, and It.
goes unchallenged, how long will it tie before
other usurpations will follow? If Interfer
ence with the auditor is allowed, if these mail-
iarnuses are to continue, the Judges can
•dock the wheels of government, and destroy
it even. Suppose every taxpayer were to ap
ply for a writ and a Judge granted it, how
would we be able to conduct the State's af
fairs? it is Impossible for thegoverninent to
calculate with any certainty upon its revenue,
if the collection of taxes N subject to be ar
rested In any instance In which a taxpayer
should make out a primn facie case; and the
interference hy summary process is therefore
positively forbidden.
WHAT THE SUPREME COURT HAS DONE.
Every government claims, and must have,
'• certain and speedy method of collecting
taxes. In an absolute monarchy It Is a very
simple process, and used in the past to great-
y oppress the people; and, therefore, in a
constitutional government there is an at
tempt to balance the prerogative of the s ver-
eign and the right of the taxpayer. The
hoard of equa'lzatiou nnd assessment direct
ly represent the individual taxpayer; ihe of
ficers elected by the people represent Hie
State. When the assesment of property is
too high the board of assessors can reduce it.
I’liis is the safeguard of the taxpayer. In
section 239 the correlative right Is given the
State to Increase when the assessment is too
low, and this not upon Hie personal know
ledge or subject to the whim of the auditor,
but upon sworn testimony. The tax acH
must he construed as a whole and ns lormlng
a system designed to secure uniformity and
equality and affording equal protection to
sovereign and subject. You cannot, without
disarranging its nicely balanced machinery,
grant the taxpayer a remedy when the asses-
ment is too high and deny ihe correlative re
lief to the Stale when it is too low*. Yet tins
is exactly whai Hie decision of the .Supreme
Court has done.
Very few men. however, believe that any
private citizen would have received Hie con
sideration given the bunks; and though I
stand ready lo accord all corporations equali-
before the law, I cannot remain silent
while the laws are trampled under foot, and
see them accorded privileges which a private
citizen feels he cannot obtain.
PROHIltmON.
For some years there has been more or less
agitation on Ihe subject of prohibition, and
there have have been contests at the polls in
municipalities and counties to decide wheth
er or not liquor should be sold therein. At
Hie last session of the General Assembly a
prohibition bill passed Hie House, but failed
m tiie Senate. Al the recent Democ-atic pri
mary the question was submitted to the peo-
pleas an abstract proposition, without any
definite legislation being indicated, and re
ceived a majority of the votes cast on that
subject, although not a majority of the total
vote cast. This would indicate a w ish on the
p *rt of a large number of our people that
there should be some restrictive legislation
in regard to the liquor traffic. This quesiiou
did not enter into the issues of tiie campaign.
It was not discussed by the candidates, and
tiie decision at the polls cannot be considered
us a conclusive test of the popular will.
Knowing however, that some legislation is
likely to be had, I feel called on to point out
Mime of the obstacles and difficulties in the
way oi enforcing a law of this character; and
Hie probable cost ot a prohibition hill as nidi-
»ithdrnwn their patron,.ge..„
because they cou.ii not huve (heir why In con- I.eulotHnildelivering the bond'
trolliDE it, and Ihe county ol Uh.iileeton.! I '>und that Hit* debt, in addition to wl
which has always supported the Co.lege zeal- : ow «l. exceeded by a Mimll amount
ously, basal Ibis time no student within ii, ; l> H r «’>’!• limit prescribed by tbeconsiliulioo’ I h,,,,,,,..
walls. The adherents of the new order of ; nJ ^ le » v e no shadow on the validity of the o „n,i'
t ll Illl/M U.’!l lio tiuvirwF (nwsxa ... I... . - . i ; nullilw u ft-iur, <!,• 1..... .... i. » - : O' •IIIU
MVlt was nolremenfoAl e M. , 1 !,! 11 '!,' " v "0' »-
whui the I n oi tnestitthfe had been met. lesii-
imt the s . , : ony '“ “‘".’""'J ‘lie property assessed a lts
um the 8 “true value In money." shoe , .... ,,7... . !*
11.!".ns Shown by ihut re.-
Here ajdln the court was appealed
things, while paying faxes to maintain the ; H f r‘rn.lly law salt was begun and ar .lee ’l h. - op l,y " le H, “"
-ebool ehegrfmly, and Indicating their Intel. )•*-“ April in the Supreme oTurt to have {Sr®,’ ' e ‘ "' P "“ r “ ‘ '
Hon and oOrpoze, In no uncertain manner. In 11 «; questions Involved passed upon The de-
sustain Illiberally, have felt nn Inclination lO' , ' ll,< *u ol Ibat tribunal has lust been made
patronize It because of the Inhospitable m-; public, and, as It Is against the validity Hie
mosphere surrounding It Another thing : 1 board of tru-tees »ill have to reopen (he bids
lucre is competition between the college and * or t,)e locution of the college. IL.d tiie court
the denominational institutions at Greeu- f av ? ,ru,,us "’Uhli«U£R*i3lonK,v>ner.whtchwe
vllle, span an burg, Newberry and Due West, | had a right to expect in so lm..oriant a mat-
to which schools the reformers of the State ,er * u,e would have been tiiiowo ouen
are sending their sous in preference to send- : 1 ;* <*»»»Petltlon of other places and at ihis
lug them here ; and t his will continue as long t*hie would have been tar on the way to com
as the present conditions of social and polltl- P |el ‘‘»n
cal antagonisms exist in Columbia. The
wealthier class of boys from h.»th political ele
men is are being sent out of the state to Har
. me Sami
he cure were appeal. ,1 to i he Supreme
i rt. i. cour t sustained the Circuif
Judge in the exercise of the power of issuin '
summary proce-s, tiie Supreme Court holding
irli 1 V ur 8la l l,tes ou taxation must heroic
strued us a v\ hole, and that ufie; tiie equaliza-
lion board had passed upon the return of p?,”
perty the Comptroller General a d uud to,
w,lnn a JJr df . r0 . m * a, * ly ,,,rlher action. Noli
^. ec l*4?. n » ^ ’ ‘l u,, ted above, expre.-s'y n rm ij ef ,
that "the auditor, at any time before l ie sd
lenient with tiie treasurer for the y ear " slm
linve nou'et* in hn,,* '
too low
ihHi I ,e * al,y taxed, shall make pay men “under pro-
tidi U ‘ 8t brh,B I 10 ae ! ,ou t“e Court of c um
! mon Hens against the treasurer for recover?
And Section 299 expressly, and in peremutor\
thl.college^omucVKii’er«id-hlghe7 iTlU «««l in' temar,"duSaHo",,’'^ri^'momai! P
requireroeutsand facilities for teachiiig, thai i ,ralnt, ‘^ ,, ! at <*>•« imporbint branch oi oui
their students will seek Its walls to complete c Jut'ational system shall have a permanent
their education, and when this is done the in- suitable foundation of iis own ; and we
eentive for young men to go abroad will no w,,i . Ihat when your honorable bodv
longer exist. I-uctlonal feeling must sooner H ? a * n assembles this will have beeu accoin
or later pass away or It will wear itself out. Pushed,
if the g(xxl sense and community of interest
?/ oar people do not frown upon and destroy
t The broad nnd patriotic view. then, to
lake of the situation, is to give the school all
the money It needs, and leave time, Hie physi
cian to restore It to health and vigor. The
pledges given by the March con vent loo of
1890 must be sacredly kept, and the friends of
tiemson college continue to give a cheerfu' h ei n v
-.upport follies,,"11, Carolin.4 College. Tire foftinrent Vl.r 11 fo.rfo,'«l »'"e I gmiiled by any curl or tl.e indie ofun
» ar « ke ‘- nl >' 'o lire responKlbllity Snfort. monSfo’t" UI ' S . ro “ n : bl,, ln ,4 ' t whatcevenhe peraS,.
reMingoII them, and. with your creoperatloii, iVhcU nt l fo,! oo'.r.n 11,1 ^b’ wbonre agatn-t whom any lu res shall stand clnreed
-*p-'«»«... "Wa^.Tirr^,
n v ‘ il school last year, when I no
yard, Yale, Frlueeton and the University of icryst In it, welfare. On Uinaecouiil. as
Virginia. The compel il Ion and coiisequem !IS because we liave a well fiiutid.-d hone
unfriendliness oi the denominational e illeges when the Peabody Fund is distributed
14, tlizx Uwivtl. 4' . 1 v . . . u 4, ■ 1 v I ’ 1 : .1
lo,the .South Carolina college can be goiten ’ sch ®" 1 W' 1 'receive a large endowment. H Is a 1 a\V,V s'erfon^V?^ 1 ''''', rrakUr , , “ r I” r recovery,
'b“! to ..take tokMer of Jj.peooejro lo every perao.,' Inter- ^.gnage fo^d^' r h C ; ,, » •.U
as o
teueiies us that certainly most of ihe prohibi
tory legislation lias resulted in partial or
complete failure to accomplish tiie end
'Ought, namely, the absolute prevention of
the selling and drinking ot liqour. Town af
ter town in Hie sta e has tried it, and. finding
the adverse seniinienl so strong and Hie evn-
-ion ot Hie law so common, they returned
10 disgue-t to the license system. And II
may as well be utnleistnod that no law which
mny be passed on this subject will enforce H-
seil or he allowed to he curried Into effect
without strenuous opp.islllon and many cun-
ulng devices being broushl Into play to evade
it. I, e trouble Is, that when public opinion
iloea not generally sustain a law, Its enforce
ment becomes almost Impossible, und whnt is
everybody's ouslncss is nobody's business.
Men dislike to play the spy on their neigh
bors and Incur the odium of lodging Informa-
IInn or Inking out n warrant. When indict
ments are bronchi,Junes are divided, convic
tions are difficult or impossible lo nhlam, mid
society, divided against llsell, tlnds such re.
-inclivc legislation very difficult of enforce-
ment.
All classes, men and women alike, feel, at
limes, the need ol sitmuianta, and manv who
are never guilty of excess in their use resent
eu mo inw eV y luw 1 “ ,r "ta | ' 1 K “P»" Personal lilierty.
partiea win. “‘en. many who rarely Indulge to Inioxieat
’ ini; honor tire slronev .-..o
tuage, lor bade the Judge, In Ihe tlrsl h',.
ice, to Issue such writ, un.1 declares what
: langua
: >i auce. I
is thee .
| fhal section reads uj. FoHuvvsY
■more law.
There shall be i
"Section 239.
THE INSTITUTE fob the DEAF, THE DUMB ! L* c . tto '> of tuxea o.r al tempt lo eolleeliaxes"*
AND THE nr ivn o 1 80 .' hat ie,e " l lri >vlded ; * * .
and niE blind. i and no wilt, order or process ot any k’nil
whlleTt'fore'nmfo'r^nl'P l , ns ' l ' ull< '>' wblcl. I om'I!:" fo"e chir^d wi'h.''^"^;^
a n lie it «ioes not luniisli h iaher 01111-1*1 ion 4^4*. > i.w.twxtv ..t tv ... * mi
lues not furnish highered
cupiesan important *
tem, and appeals
, i ^ T . S--S s j lll-ii
pleasure be required to pay ihe same in
long, occupying its wonted place in tiie” Hffcc- mv vuVi iVy tiTi*. l ' ,r ’ a? ‘ ure ! “** reqmreu 10 pay me sume in sia-h (nrwu
cause T? fortflshe**»n’edneall^’such*as ^'SVnSfr ’^' bW ^'- ^ ‘be foUl.orTed 0 ',:;:^'^^
other college In the litate cun give. | I
mg liquor are strong y opposed lo any sumpi-
uary legislailon. Every thinking andobsei v.
ant pet sou sees and acknowledges the evil
and. In some undefined way, wi-hes lo see Us
abatement. It i> well understood and ac
knowledged that liquor dunking is the cause
directly or Indirectly, oi ino>t of Hie crimes
corn 111 Hied in our country. It also produces
much of the poverty and misery among cer
tain classes ; but the human iHinily cannot
be legislated Inlo morality any more than it
can be made honest and truthful by legMa-
ed, great go.*d would follow. 1 can Just as
icrtdiiy see that it * ill require h stern head
with many eyes and far reaching hands, to
c»try it into effect
As an example of the difficulty of con
trolling the selling and drinking ot liquor, I
would call attention to Ihe impunity with
which existing laws are disregarded. We
have a Mamie which forbids under a penally
the putting up oi screens in bar rotuns and Hie
selling ot whiskey to minors, and then
ny k'ml
y officer
the col-
nr n «‘J 8 . ere,,,, ‘' h * ,i °?' OC - ' kH l,on taxes Horn any step or proceedtr g
nt plat e in o rr school sys- |q the collection of any tax. wheiherMipn r J?
K * v, , n » m,h -' t‘« iCkally due or not. shall in a.iy cusl bi
It Is llie granted by any court or Hie judge i.iN.nv
CLEMSON COLLEGE.
the col-
Total
Balance cash October 31,1892..
Total *1,325.787.46
There !• a large Increaae in the aggregate re-
oelpu for the fl«c«l year ending October 31 by
5TSS UnlSSl Sta?: Govern ment 'on
the dlreol tax claltnanta and the Morrill fund vl»itifa*fcS’ OPP ‘"‘ e "’ 4c
This fund coming from the same source, he- J' ,8,lor “ ree8
longs to our agrlcullural colleges at Orange-
f >ar C Hill, and the iwo constitute
las bulk of the cash balance on band. I
Sir®** your attention, also, to the item
of 1177^80 for the past due interest which may
he called for at any moment. It Is altogether
f irohable, aud Id tact almost, certain, that this
dterest will have to be me, during the com-
lug year by reason of the refunding of the
state debt. I call your attention to the raat-
ter because It will be ueorasary to make some
provision therefor. We have been running
thegoverninent for the last few years ou un
too narrow for
aafoty, and It will be risking a great deal to
continue In that lino. In regard to the re-
rundlng of the debt, r hich falls due next July,
Uli <ler the present act,
which allows the old bonds to be exchanged
5?L??S w .. bon<la * >f4rtD K * Por cent. Interest
P eo<i,n K looking lo an
adjustment of the debt, and I hope to be able
10 prerenl during the next week a scheme
which will meet your approval.
wSssbsv? a- »
fofurmed a« fo‘theI nlnl??,; LHH 1 ,boro “3h | y t‘”n- \V lille the ordimiry Mi|,p<.«ltlon would ; shall tiie-ii-dofa interfere with v <■,>.
iiuoriueu as to me c«mdlflon and prospects of he that it was a gloomy and sad nlaee f fonn.i .vurxrv-ii-i.-i*.. * 11 A ' 0
* eK K orighiaJ purpose of the it in reality a nome, full of bright faces and ! OKDINA1K »f of government?
notixce^mi'JMam ^ Mes f e i The lnore T e 1,1 number ol Further: Seciiou 171 declares ihat
of 1 . t,hepopu . ,arl 7 , ‘ t,u^en,8 l !; ,8 ,) V‘* n conslderahle. requiring a i lection of tuxes shall not be stavea or
« i v-fj? 6 . 14 w * u< v ,8tr I a * lra,nJn 8 CttU8et I such corresponding increase in the in»fiiicniiiir».> vented by any iniunction u rii Al-.!v74, or ^
adrnhfsion^hat l ° b f ,l J ad ® ,or fl “ ld ; al “ J I/cel that I can confidently rely on | ed by any court or Judge Vhcreof." Now
eu^arge the whole^bmu.-a 1 * s 1 m Xo give all that Is ask- question presented to* you |* A ° W *
ina^^in forttiii We ur ^ P re l ,ar *•/, for Its past maiirtgemeui is a guarantee ol '
[or wo. IheclHlm was inndeby my- tl^e money being spent to the verv best nd
self and other., and It was geirerully uml.w vantage. * ten' 10 me very best ,.d-
sfood by Ibe people, that with the privilege j
ax, formerly expended by Hie Agrlcnltural CLAFLUt CNIVEttSltv.
hardly a tmrmom in the Slate which oheya It
Our Milieu ore, our J.idge., our Junes, .'worn
•Ulcers wi the law, see and know’'these ttilihcs'
and jet the> do nothing. The trouble arises’.
I think, from the fact tm<t there are officers of
Hie Hiiale and county, while liquor under ex
isting stat utes is sold under license grunted
by municiiai corporations. The police con
nive at and are blind to these iiirnuKeiiients
I ‘d tl»e law by the bar keepers, under instruc-
j lions, doubless, from the authorities, and Hie
people generally heeouieeducated and accus
tomed to seeing the law despised.
Another thing: The prohibition sentiment
as opposed by the wish la license He sale of
. - „ not wlreiirer ! l,uor ’ ,s rol J! ,d ‘“^el.v In the cuntry-tho
tliere was any inequality or li justice lu tlre il|Uur '"vu, “ v ‘ng lu Ihe towus. Tliey make
action of Hu-uudllors In these two cases 11
Is not whether ihe t'omplroller.General'has
iranscende.l his power hut It is whether 11
I udirt-s of Si ill t ii ('u i*4tl i it •! u tv.. 11 «... .
money selling tiie liquor; tiie towns make
money; Hie country suffe s; the wantry
I hjs tor It; the country has increesed taxes
lor it: heme the dui-ion. But wi-h
Transportatlou new c uVvicts...
Assets: Cush on hand..,,,,,,,
Due by sundry contractors
for convict hire
Estimated value of unsold
farm produce
19.328 1G
2,340.11
1,841,40
459.20
2.995 78
THE INCREASE OF ASSESSMENTS.
The BLate Railroad Board of Equalization
last year Increased the assessments of the
railroads from 817.905,014 to 82«,0052i90. This
Increase has been resisted by the roads aud
suite are now pending in ihe United states
Court to enforce the collection of ibis increase
of taxes. The oases will be heard in January,
and tf, aa we coDfldeoiiy expect, the Justice of
the Bute s actloo 8hail be sustained, there
will be a sum amounting to about $3-5,000 go
ing to increase the mooey Id the treasury.
THE COMPTROLLER'S DIFFICULTIES.
The report of the Comptroller General
shows the total valuation of the Property of
•14.372 20
17,169 87
2,047 48
2.834 93
l.titN) 93
318 98
2,995 73
DISBURSEMENT*.
By amounts paid per Itemized statements :
Pay rolls—prison, fat ms and other
camps,
Subsistence, ’
Shoes
Clolblug
Board of Directors
Hospital supplies
Transportation new convicts
Transportation discharged con
victs
Clemson College pay roils and ex-
K nses
yment on DeBaussure farm.....!.
Sundry hills for DeSaussurefurro...
1891 guano account
Mineral and supplies for water
wheel well
Incidental expenses—wood, coal,
etc
Balance cash on hand
spring. Alter careful and thorough investlga
; tion into the kind of work remaining to be
done, and ol the needs of ihe Insiltuiion. I
i<>'. ja “J 11 of opinion that If the Legislature will
$14,12>).48 give us forty thousand dollars the school can
o o v. be 0 P° ned b >’ Aral of May. aud there
2,823.71 J would be sufficient funds to run if Hie balance
of the year. Hie boa»d of trustees a-k for
fifty thousand dollars, and l am free to admit
that if .the sum is appropiiated the equip-
04,(1 . bfi mucb uiore commensuraie
with the requirements of the institution. As
an explanaiioii of tljo failure on the part of
the board to redeem its promise that the
$75,081 41
19.401.17
$38,350.88
idem, have appropriated a large part ot* the i Aud,lor uo ' ** a,, officer charged with adutv J-.i, A theps (.a . Uy which a di-p usury
one-hall ol the Morrill fund, whicli he oiigs I l,i ,he coUe *' :, ° : ' of 'axes 1 is merely uifiiui ,( ].r the sale oi liquor is provld^l.aml which,
to this college, to au Increase lu '• ® | | with ihe common sense of the pe<>|)le Tiie arie » r »* r a ’ r * ,r, / ,lul,,u ''d a sue*vss hy the
The expense of the DeBaussure farm
have teen as above
In addition to which the value of
clothing, etc., sent there have beeu
Making a toUl cost of.
$75,081 41 j
$4,819 05
98-5 01
$3,797 08
THE MESSAGE.
We present our readers with the
Governor's message to the J.egishi-
tiire. and trust that they will give it
a careful perusal, and form their
own judgement as to its merits or
demerits.
The message is a long one, but
tliere was a great deal of ground t< 1
go over, audit could not, withoiu,
h iving out some matters to which
he wished to call attention, have been j
,M The^onintimi Of tin. Treii!,lire i - T^T "u "7 A mm ' Hie love and \eneration of thousands ICCtetl.
‘ rebukes the judiciary should not of our people. If it does not ut this 1 __
sound and all claims against the j stand in awe of the Legislative. j time return in full Talue the money j IVIurtlll HlilllGy.
school would be completed in two years witii-
oal taxation, 1 would direct attention to the
fact that thin year there was a falling off In
the amount received from the privilege tax
oj $20,000. It was estimated that the sale of
Agnculiurri Hall would add to its revenues,
but the properly ha* not been sold. The low-
cmww? 1 * >,at ’ e fi on t*»at property was
lh f ,Wo to i e,be i' made a deficit of
9£2 go; $10,090 In our Income. The board, therefore,
j has not deceived the people, for their promises
3.221 21would have been kept had this money been
5,000 00 available. In asking the Bute to make It up
2,812 05 j U) u®, we only have at heart the best Interests
1,854 60 institution aud of the large number of
boys and young men, nearly a thousand, who
392 20 awaiting the opening of its portals. The
1 P re8 ! de, i« the board will give
5,782 971 fm* details as to the progress of the work and
14,125 48 U*e «coi»e of the iustUullon.
i —- . v install. , _ —
ment $9,500 will becoming toClafiinou the " on 8,14 WsUr l >rt " on °f power hy
1st oi .July next, tliere Is more money in sight I !*. ry ; Ft ueral. Ii is n notorious raot i bounties,
than the school can economically use in one 1 bat ' ,e c ' i! * ru s set up, ami "
year Butas the donation of the Slorrlll fund L 1 ! 011 ^ by "^judges '
depends upon the state’s continuing outoi CourU * and
its own funds to give it support, there must he
au appropriation of some amount.
THE ASSESSMENT OF PROPERTY.
The questions of Ihe assessment of properly
and tiie proper control of railroads ami other
corporations are ol de«‘p concern to tiie peo
ple; and these questions have excited much
thought nud interest by reason of the iiiiga-
tion which has been forced on Hie Btate dur-
ing the last two years. The power to levy and
collect taxes lies at the very root of go\ern-
ment; so much so, that the very existei ce of
constitutional government may be said .o de
pend upon it. Hence, in all written constitu
tion* and statutes this power Is confer ed and
itt> exercise jealously guarded.
exerci-ed, unqut's-
»f tiie Fulled Slues Ahhevllle
the protection thrown around Alkl * , ‘
corporations l>y tliose courts, are to day 11,,. Audi rst n
greatest menace to American liberty The i Barnwell
executive and legislative hraiicties of the iieauloit
( nited States Government are powerless i 0 Berkeley
resist these encroachments except hv im Fharleston
peachment, nnd tliat is a remedy so difficult Fhoder
and well nigh Impos^ihle of successful appii- < liesterflcld
cation that It is rarely restored to. I’nder 1 ‘'iareudon
THE CITADEL ACADEMY.
Jree Boveruiiienu i He object Is to make.
Hit taxesequalnud to haveali species of prop-* umi remenv u
8 ,ar f alike in bearing the burden ; and ; elite it does i
our laws have wisely and properly provided | tiie inw anv i>
tfie state or I o
the construction given to Federal statutes hv Colleton
the rederal Judges, the reserved rights of th.-’ l ) Hrlliigton
st ites are onehy one being <1,sallowed • and F.dgefiHd
when plutocracy shall find itself able mb Fairtb-ld
the House of Bepresentatlves as it has once Florence
bought the Presidency and the Senate, the Georgetown
last nail will be driven into Ihe cotfiu of Greenville
boasted American freedom. But while we Hampton
are powerless to resist this engine of Federal H »rry
Iti
Hi)
2s»
3
31
13
1
; oppression, we can at least a
its counterpart in South
> a remedy to
of prop-; liiHl remedy'may i« ik’fo'r"y’'ur u'u'i'/.m loUe.
1 inilin » iii iHl J F 1 ,,,e cen ‘ r R* Of
against interference by the judiciary, except
j »* viI* vi 11 nuumu
. Coiidttion, subject to further in-
jurj h^ reason ol exjHMure to the weather, or
Kershaw
Lancaster
„ » w ,. v .. La u re q s
not appo.tr won it while to rn ik.* Lexington
lainer than it is now. though I Marion
■ Marlboro
Newberry
dander from intermeddling jidiciary. Orange burg
I will ouly say that the people of the!
2.600
7,800
t'ontiuneU on next paRe*
E. KEITH DARGAJ, IV. A. (ARRICAN, H. L. CHARLES,
PresUcit. Vice-PresMcit Cukkr.
WOODS and WOODS.
gtiment. For sale Ly
DR. J. A BOYD.