Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THE DAELINGTON HERALD. VOL. I. DARLINGTON, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 2#, 1891. NO. 37. CHURCHES. Presbyterian Church.—Rer. J. G. Law, Pastor; Preaching every Sabbath at Hi a. m. and 8 p. m. Sabbath School at 10 a. m , Prayer Meeting every Wednesday afterno on at 5 o'clock. Methodist Church. - Rev. J. A. Riee, Pastor; Preaching every Sanday at 111 a. m. and 8 p. m., Sabbath School at 5 p. m., Prayer Meeting every Thursday at 8 p. m. Baptist Church.—Rev. G. B. Moore, Paster; Preaching every Sunday at 111 a. m and 8:30 p. m., Prayer Meeting every Tnesday at 8 p. m. Episcopal Chapel.—Rev. W. A. Guerry, Rector; II. T. Thompson, Lay Reader. Preaching 3rd Sunday at 8:80 p. m., Lay Reading every Sunday morn ing at 11 o’clock, Sabbath School every Sunday afternoon at 3 o’clock. Macedonia Baptist Church.—Rev I. P. Breckington, Pastor; Preaching every Sunday at 11 a. m. and 8:30 p. m. Sabbath School at 3:30 p.m., Prayer Meeting every Tuesday evening at 8 30 o’clock. SHOW US WKAT YOU ARK Do it now'. Begin! Begin! You “Mean to ” That won’t take you tar; If the thing n> there and in you. Show us what you are! Future statesmen, preacher, poet, Playwright, leader of the bar— You may. but we do not, know it. Show us what you are! Leave off dreaming, “if” and “and”-ing, Gazing at a distant star; The world’s not waiting while you’re stand mg; Show us what you are! Set your lofty genius working; Take a task, to make or mar; Fame nor wealth are won by shirking; Show ns what you are! If you’re abler, nobler, stronger 'Ilian the rest of us by far, Don’t just think so any longer; Show us what you are! —Arthur Gundry, in Belford’a Magazine. A GENUINE HERO. COUNTY OFFICERS. Sheriff. -W. P. Cole. Clerk or Court.—W. A. Parro.t Treasurer.—J. E. Bass. Auditor.—W. H. Lawrence. Probate Judge.—T. H. Spain. Coroner. —R. G. Parnell. School Commissioner.—W. H. Evans. County Commissioners.—C. B.King, W. W. McKinzie, A. A. Gandy. Profcseiomil Catbe. w F. DARGAN, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Darlington, C. H., S. C. Office over Blackwell Brothers’ store. E. KEITH DARGAN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Darlington, S. C. JJETTLES & NETTLES, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, A sky of opal and gold, a deep- trellised veranda, a novel, and a ham mock slung at the most comfortable of angles. With these conditions, it was scarcely strange that Halcyon Hartford swayed delightfully between dreamland and the real world that June afternoon, with the fleecy gold of her hair, all guiltlew of pin or comb, and the “bell sleeves,” falling enchantingly away from her round, white arms, while one trim, slippered foot hung from the edge of the hammock. “Halcyon 1 Halcyon! Where are you!” It was one of those exasperating voices which, once having been sweet, had now a certain vibrant jar to its tones, painfully akin to shrillness. Halcyon frowned a little, and raised herself on one elbow. “Ob, Aunt Hal, don’t scream so! ) was just in such a half-way dream of de light.” “Well, you should have answered, then!” Aunt Hal came out of the wide, shady hall with an effusive swing of her dra peries, snd seated herself in a bamboo chair, close to the head of the ham mock. Darlington, C. H., 8. C. Will practice in all State and Federal Courts. Careful attention will be given to all business entrusted to us. P BISHOP PARROTT, STENOGRAPHER AND T Y P E-WRITER. LEGAL AND OTHER COPYING SOLICITED. Tiitimony leported in short-hand, and type-written transcript of same fur nished at reasonable rates. Good spelling, correct punctuation and neat work guaranteed. Office with Nettles & Nettles. Q P DARGAN, ATTORNEY’-:- AT :- LAW AND TRIAL JUSTICE, Darlington, 8. C. Practices in the United States Court and in the 4ih and Sth circuit*. Prompt attentioa to all business entrusted to me. Office, Ward’s Lane, next to the Dar lington Herald office. DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS. DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS. DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS. -ALL KINDS OF— MARBLE MONUMENTS, MARBLE MONUMENTS, Tablets and Grave Stones furnished at Short Notice, and as Cheap as ran be Purchased Else where. Designs and Prices Furnished on Application. tr All Work Delivered Free on Line of C. A D. H. R. DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS, DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS, DARLINGTON, S. C. FIRE! FIRE! I Represent Twelve of the most Reliable Fire Insmance Compa nies in the World—Among them, the Liverpool and Lon don and Globe, of England, the Largeat Fire Caapany in the World; and the ^Etna, of Hart ford, the Largest of all Ameri can Fire Companies. tW Prompt Attention to Basinets snd Satisfaction Guaranteed. F. E. NORMENT, DARUNGTON, 8. 0. Office between Edwards, Normeot A Co., snd Joy A Sanders’. She was comically like her niece—at least, as like as a woman of elght-and- thirty could be like a maid of eighteen. There was the same yellow luxuriance of hair, but harsher, drier and more suggestive of dye; the same pink and white complexion, artifically heightened by liquid pearl and a carmine saucer; similar features, cruelly sharpened by the inexorable hand of time, and teeth just one degree too white and regular to be real. The white dress she wore was pain fully trying, ard she was compelled to use gold eye-glasses as she held up a letter to the view of the younger Halcyon. “What has happened?” drowsily de manded the latter, lifting a pair of blue eyes, fringed with dark lashes.” “The strangest thing!” “Another offer of marriage?" hazarded Halcyon,settling on the unlikeliest thing which could, in Uer opinion, possibly happen. “How did you guess?” with a little exultant cackle. “Exactly. The dear, foolish lad—and he so mu:h younger than I! Why, he couldn’t have been one-and-twenty when he went to Bom bay, and I was at least thirty then —” “Thirty-five, Aunt Hal,” said Halcyon, the merciless. “Was it as much as that? Well, he seemed desperately in love then; though, of course, I never took any notice of the child. But I suppose, in that country of blackamoors, one can't help thinking about all the women one has known at home; and he has written me two or three letters—” “Has he?” Halcyon sat straight up in the ham mock now. Her blue eyes shone in- •tently. The heat had brought a flush to her cheek, which all Aunt Hal’s cat mine saucers could not rival. “But I never told you!” giggled the elder beauty. “Because I remembered that there was a sort of boy-and-gtrl affair between you and Chartley Blesson, when you were in boarding school, and I thought maybe you would be nettled. And here’s the proposal at last—with his photograph inclosed!” “Let me see it!” said Halcyon. What a brave, good face it was— slightly older and sterner lined than she had looked upon when the Avancanian sailed away three years ago, but yet so strong and manly! She laughed hysterically. “Shall you accept him?" said ahe. Aunt Hal nibbled coquettiahly at the edge of the envelope; the new false teeth gleamed in a smile. 1 ‘I—think—I—shall!” “And you fourteen years older than be is!” “People don’t think so much about such things as they used to do,” rea soned Miss Hartford, the elder. “Eros is immortal, you know, dtar." Halcyon sank back into the hammock and reopened her book. “You must do as you please, of course,” said she. “After that quota tion about Eros, I haven’t a suggestion to offer.” “Jealous, poor darling 1” thought Aunt Hal, with a thrill of exultation. But the only said: “Well, of course one can't help thoaa things happening to one, and your time will come soon, dear, never fear. “It’s a good thing," she added to her self, “that she don't know anything about dear old Judge Flostroy. There's a difference in age, if you please, and the old pet is so infatuated about me. An old man's darling, or a young man's slave—which?” While Halcyon thought, on her side: “The silly goose! He has done it now. He has been making love to Aunt Hal, under the impression that he was courting me. I thought, of course, he knew that Her name was the same as mine. Didn't she stand godmother to memt st. Chrjrsoline's. and .give me a coral .ind-bells and an embroidered christening robe? And now he has actually proposed to her! Well, if he is the man I take him to be, he’ll stand by bis colors, cost him what it may. A man who could walk up to the cannon’s mouth at Bey-Idonna surely won’t shrink even from Aunt Hal. And I’d ra-rather know that he was a true hero th-than have a poltroon for my husband!” And Halcyon turned her face toward the pillow, and cried great, sparkling tears like dewdrops. * * • • * * < “So you’re hack again, Lieutenant? Beg pardon—I’d orter'd said Colonel, I do suppose,” said the old hack-driver at tbj station, whom Chartley Blesson had remembered ever since he was a child. “Well, I declare, I shouldn’t hardly hev knowed yel And come back to be mar ried, eh?” Blesson bit his lips; but ho laughed carelessly. Jonas Hopper was a privi leged individual, like the court jesters of old. “How did you know, old man?” said be. “Oh, Idunuo! Miss Hartford, she's been gettin' ready to bo married, this ong time,” said Jonas, hoisting tho Colonel's luggage on tho back of the wagon. “And dressmakers and millin ers they will talk, you know, though I’ii told Miss Hal took great pains to hide it.” “Did she?" (Aside: “The darling 1”) “And a fine woman she is, Colonel,” officiously added Jonas, as he pushed in the last iron-clamped trunk. “A very fine woman, considerin’ her age. I only wonder she ain’t married before.” Colonel Blesson opened hit sleep; black eyes. “Why, who on earth are you talking about, man?” said he. “Why, Miss Hal Hartford, to-be- sure." “Miss Halcyon or Miss Halliana?" “There ain't no Miss Halliana,” aai( Jonas. “They're both the same name but we calls the aunt Miss Hal and thi niece Miss Halcyon. My daughter she’i lady's-maid there; and I’d orter know. If any one does." “And which of them is it that is go ing to be married?” breathlessly queriec Blesson. “Why, tho old ’un, of course—Beg pardon I” hurriedly added Jones, “J mean Miss Hal. Polly she tells me thcre'i four-and-twenty different gounds or dered, let alone the jackets and parasoli and ten-button kid gloves fit to mak. your hair stand on end.” “And Miss Halcyon—the young lady,’ cried Blesson—“she is engaged too?” “Not as any one knows on,” said Jonas. “That all, Coionel? Got your telescope bag? Then we’d better hi movin’.” Colonel Blesson pondered seriously all the way up to Hartford Cedars, obliviom of Jonas’s incessant stream of talk. Could it be possible? No, that was uttei nonsense t And yet— He strained his eyes as they ap preached the house. Surely golden haired Halcyon would be there, smiling to welcome him 1 But no. In her nlace stood a middle aged charmer, well rouged and powdered with hair gleaming meretriciously and teeth just a size too large for thi thin-lipped mouth. In one hand she held his love-breath ing letter; in the other his photograph. And during that second his heart sank like lead. But he did not know—ah, how mucl more difficult would it have been to beat had he done so!—that Halcyon Hart ford’s eyes were surreptitiously watching him from the honeysuckle-garlandec casement beyond. “Dear Chartley,” the elderly damse twittered, “you are here at last.” He set his teeth, drew one long breath, and allowed her to slip a carrgssing hand through his arm and lead him into the house, muttering some hoarse acknowl edgment of her coquettish smiles. “I’ve brought it on myself,” hi thought. “And I must simply eudun it. The woman isn’t to blame—no, she is not to blame.” “He is a hero,” Halcyon thought— “yer, a hero.” And then she burst into a passion ol tears and ran up stairs to her own room. “But now I’ve got you fairly here,” lisped Aunt Hal, more determinedly youthful than ever, “I’m really afraid, dearest Chaitley, that there’s a great disappointment in store for you.” “Eh?” The Colonel had sat down in a rather listless mam er. Aunt Hal held on tc his hand, still all teeth and smiles. “And I may as well tell you at once,” said she, “that I'm already engaged to Judge Flostroy, of the Superior Court. Of course, If I had known of your at tachment in time, there's no saying—” “Ob, pray don’t let me interfere with any existing arrangements I” said Blos- son, jumping eagerly up. “Perhaps, under the circumstances, you will let me have my photograph back?” Just then there came a ring at the door below as the maid announced: “Judge Flostroy, miss, if you please I” Before the slow and ponderous steps of the approaching visitor could reach the room, Aunt Hal had thrust the photo graph into Blesson's hand. She bad had the little triumph, which was all she wanted. That little case of diamonds from Judge Flostroy had set tled the question. "A-liem-m-m!" sonorously coughed the luminary of the Superior Court. Auut Hal tripped smilingly forward. “Glad to sec you, Judge!” she cooed. “This is my old playmate, Colonel Blesson, just arrived from India. I dare say, Chartley, you'll find Halcyon some where about the house.” “Disposed of in short order,” mut tered Colonel Blesson. “Great heavens! what have I done to deserve such luck as this?” Two hours afterward the young lovers sat in the veranda, watching the evening star rise over the hills, while the Judge’c jasso profundo voice still rolled In ttie fitting room like distant thunder. “But wasn’t it a narrow escape?” gaspccTBlcsson, holding both Halcyon's hands in his. Would you really have married her, Chartley?” “As a gentleman, Halcyon, there was no outlet of escape for me, under the circumstances.” “But would you really have married her?” “Yes, I would!” with sternly-set teeth and knitted brows. “Then I’ll marry you, Chartley,” whispered Halcyon, “because you are a genuine hero. And because,” with an arch glance, “I really think you need a wife to take charge of you.” “After the episode of to-day,” said Colonel Blesson, “I really think I do.” —Saturday Night. CURIOUS FACTS. Paris streets are cleaned daily. Bottles are made by machinery. In Canada liquor dealers cannot hold office. Dried elk meat sells for $100 a ton in Oregon. There are 9743 locks and keys in the Grand Opera House, Paris. The Saracens were the first to wear orange blossoms at weddings. A dove that had reached the age of thirty-two years died at Greencastle, Penn., last week, A new fad air ong fashionable young men of Philadelphia is the wearing ol gold buttons on overgaiters. An oak tree felled in Branch County, Slicb., the other day, measured five feet in diameter, and, according to the rings on the stump, was 496 years old. The Chinese at Marysville, Cal., had a celebration a few daya ago, in which the big dragon was carried by forty men. The procession was three blocks in length. The fond owner of a valuable dog has had made for it a broad collar on which is engraved a court scene from the reign of Charles II. The edge of the collar is set with a row of tur quoises. A policcmau in Dubuque, Iowa, cap tured a deer with a lasso on bis beat the other night, and attempted to take the animal to the station, but instead was given a lively turn around town, his pris oner finally escaping to the woods. An attempt is being made in E igland to get the directors ot blind schools to adopt the system of writing invented by Mile. Mulot, which has the immense ad vantage over that now in use of produc ing legible characters. Mile. Mulot has done much toward improving the con dition of the blind. Queen Olga of Greece presented the Crown Prince with a chapel and altar for use in the field upon the occasion of his assuming commoud of the First Regi ment of Infantry recently. The small church can be divided into numerous pieces and carried in bags. It can he set up on low or mountainous lands. The Chiltern Hundreds, for which Mr. Parnell and Mr. Healy, the Irish agita tors, applied, is a tract of crown land in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, to which is attached the nominal office of steward. As members of Parliament cannot resign, when they wish to go out they accept this stewardship, which le gally renders their seat vacant. A Milwaukee man had a horse that no blacksmith'could shoe on the hind feet. At length the bright idea was hit of chloroforming the horse and putting on the shoes. This was done. When the beast came to himself he nearly kicked bia hind quarters off in the attempt to get rid of the shoes; bat it was no go. Science was too much for brute force. Two men of Palmersville, Tcnn., re cently cut down a tree. On the trunk, about eight feet from the stump, was a gnarl which covered a little hollow. On cutting into the hollow, which had been completely overgrown, they found inside a frog which was lifeless hut well pre served. By counting the grains it was estimated that the tree was til least thirty years old. The frog had been preserved for years in his air-tight home. Tho New Orleans Ntin Delta is con vinced that “this country is suffering from indiscriminate immigration.'' 1 COUNTRY -ROADS. THE IMPROVEMENTS RURAL THOROUGHFARES NEED. Macadam and Telford the Great Scientific Roadbutlders—France's Fine System—The Ancient Ro man Method—Modern Needs. The most comprehensive system of roadways is that in France and there, too, perhaps arc found the best roads in the world. The French Minister of Public Works has charge of all roads, and these are administeied by a special department and a council of which the Minister is President. There is a staff of six hun dred engineers aud inspecthrs and two thousand inferior officials. The depart ment also has a school of roads and bridges for the education of engineers. The roads are national, departmental, military and vicinal. The national roads are maintained entirely by the national treasury. There are twenty-five thou sand miles of these. The vicinal or cross roads are maintained chiefly at the cost of tl e communes, but under a national administration. On these roads there are constantly employed fifty thousand work men aud thousand overseers. What a contrast this is to our happy-go-lucky method of working out taxes on the roads? Switzerland, too, is famous for excel lent roads, which are mainly cantonal, corresponding to State roads here. Oc casionally, however, cantons have united in some difficult work of construction. Of the three greatest Republics of the world the United States is the only coun try which has no decent system of com mon roads. The roads in England and Scotland are, as a rule, very good. They were formerly, however, most wretched. With the exception that our common roads arc now supplemented by railways we arc to-day where England was two hundred years ago. England met the difficulty by the establishment of turn pikes with tolls, and thirty thousand miles of these roads had been built from 1770 to 1830. The turnpike system does not seem to be what we want in America, even though with it we might have good roads. The earliest roads about which any thing definite is known are those of an cient Rome. One of the oldest of these, and the most celebrated for the grandeur of its works—the Appian Way—was be gun iu 313 B. C. Roman roads are re markable for preserving a straight course from point to point regardless of ob stacles which might have been easily avoid. In solidity of construction they have never been excelled, and many of them still remain, often forming the foundation for a modern road, and in some instances constituting the road sur face now used. This allusion to the Roman method of road building has not been made in the hope that it will be imitated in America. There arc other and cheaper methods, which, if employed, would give us all wo could desire. These two systems are kuown as the Telford aud Macadam. The uiirac of Telford is associated with a pitched foundation, which is always desirable for a road that is subject to heavy traffic. It consists of flat stones set on edge in courses across the road, with the broadest edge downward. The upper edges should not exceed four inches in breadth to hold the broken stone well. All irregularities must be knocked off, and small stones and chips must lie firmly pinned into the inter stices with a hammer, so os to term c regular convex surface, witn every stone firmly fixed in place. The thickness of the pitching is generally six or seven inches; it should not be less than four, and it may generally be thicker without any sensible increase of cost. At least four inches of broken stone are required over the pitched foundation, and when consolidated six inches are always suffi cient. Telford, it will be seen, paid most particular atteution to foundations. Macadam, the other great scientific road builder, differed from Telford in regard to foundations. He maintained that if there were good drainage—Tel ford insisied upon good drainage, too— that the subsoil, however bad, would carry any weight that could be placed upon it, if it were made dry by drainage and kept dry by an impervious covering. Either of these roads answers the pur pose very well, though the Telford—the most costly of the two—will unquestion ably last the longer and better withstand any accidental periods of neglect. The name Macadam is sadly mis applied voaos in Luis country. Any road upon which metal has been placed is said to hare been macadamized. But it will have been seen that Macadam in sisted on perfect drainage of the subsoil and such a complete consolidation of the stone covering that neither water nor dampness could get through it. What we need in this country is a com prehensive system of roads such as these. Tho country people cannot build them. If they had tne inclination they have not the means, and even if they happened to have the means they have not the knowl edge and skill required to do such work properly. It takes as much, if not more, skill to locate a common highway than it does to locate a railway line. A railway line only needs to be accessible at the various stations, and these are usually chosen after the line has been located with reference to the general topographical features of the country. A common highway, however, must be accessible from every farm on either side for its entire length. It therefore requires en lightened skill to lay out a highway,even in the country. The old fashion of fol lowing Indian trails, cowpaths or farm lines was hopelessly had, but the great majority of our roads were laid out in just such a way. I have my country home in a township which has not a mile of railroad. It has been entirely dependent on its common roads for nearly two hundred years. The county town is seven miles away from the tow nship village, which is three hun dred feet the higher in altitude. There is a valley which runs from one place to the other. Here one would say the road would have been placed. Not at all. It was built in a winding way over the hills, on the hillsides and across the val leys, so that whichever way one goes it is alwayseither up or down hill. Through the valley the distance would not have been greater, and the grades would have been inconsiderable. During four months of the year this road is hub deep in mud. During an other four months it is knee deep in dust. What has this poorly constructed road cost the four or five generations of farm ers wiio have tilled the soil in this isolated township? I dare say that if they had had good common roads during the last half cen tury the amount of the mortgages on the farming lands would be very much less than it is. But the saddest thing in this township is to see how they repair the roads. They get out the taxpayers every spring and they plow up the sod on the roadside and pile it in the middle of the road. Then it is a bad time for travelers. Fortunately, however, these “road menders” don't work very hard, and the township appropriation for this purpose is soon exhausted. If the money were to hold out twice as long as it usually does the roads would be impas sible nearly all the year round. There is considerable agitation on the subject of road improvement just now. Many of the States have inaugu rated systems more or less comprehensive. New Jersey has given the counties a kind of local option as to improving the coun try roads. In some places, notably in Union County, this has been taken ad vantage of with very happy results. But counties which are exclusively agricul tural cannot to this, and they will not do it. The Governor of New Y'ork has recom mended that the State take up the ques tion of road building and make two in tersecting highways across each county in the State. General Roystone reo m- mends that the National Government take up the matter and assist such States as may desire it to build roads properly. He claims that this can be done under the clause of the Constitution which em powers Congress to establish post roads. But this is no new matter. Washing ton was an advocate of better roads, and he said in a letter to Patrick Um; 1785: “Our roads should bo straightened and established by law and the power of county courts to niter them should be withdrawn.” And from Washington’s time till now the great question has been more or less alive, hut the interest has generally been exhausted in discussion without material benefits to the roads. Now in a time of peace, which prooably will not soon be broken, it seems fitting that the State governinen s should take up this matter and deal with it iu a practical and businesslike way.—Neie York Herald. Lassoed a Bear. Ramon Ortega lassoed a big black beai the other day and choked it to death. He is the most noted bear hunter in Southern California, and several days ago, when he began to lose some of his stock on his ranch, at the head of the Scspc, some fifty miles from Venture, he started out to hunt for the thief. Early that morning he discovered him in the shape of the bear in a little narrow can yon, and although without firearms, as soon as he caught sight of the monster lie spurred up his horse and gave chase. It was a short race, for as soon as dis tance would permit his lasso went cir cling about the head of the bear and caught him about the neck. A few dex terous turns of the horse soon choked the life out of the animal, and Ortegs as a trophy cut off one of his paws and brought it to town with him. It meas ured seven inches across and eleven in ches in length. He tells as a fact that in 1864 he and his brother killed fifty-six bears in one month about the regions where Bards- dalc is now laid out, and they were all killed the same way as the one yesterday. — Ventura (Cal.) Free Crete. “Reaminq” the Note. The operation of “reaming” the nose, which was comparatively a novelty two fears ago, when Chaunccy M. Depew lubmitted to it at the hands of Dr. Bos- worth and then caught cold making a ipcech in the Chicago Auditorium, haa become very common since then. And >ne man in every three or four you meet it least has taken the precaution to pro- :ect himself against the catarrhal influ- rncei of this damp climate, not to speak >f the ravages of the grip, by having tho luperfluous cartilage burned out of his nostrils by a white-hot platinum wire. FARM AND HOUSEHOLD, HEHBS IN THE GARDEN. A well-arranged herb border should find a place in the garden, and this in some convenient position. The border ought also to be in an open position, well exposed to the sun. Each variety should also be planted in a bed by itself. The beds or rather borders should now be thoroughly overhauled, the stock in creased where necessary, and where the roots are exhausted these should be taken up aud replanted, the site previously having been well worked over and manured if necessary. Some of the varieties should be taken up and re planted every second or third year, and each spring a top-dressing of manure and soil iu equal parts would prove very advantageous. Where it is not necessary to disturb the beds of cither mint, balm, marjoram ur any kindred subjects, a top-dressing of rich compost should be applied. Thyme may be increased by planting firmly rooted divisions, or by seed. Sage is easily increased by pulling off the side branches with a heel and inserting firmly in beds. Insert these side branches as if they were rooted plants and they never fail to grow. Lavender may be increased similarly where there is no existing stock. The majority may be raised from seed, excepting such as mint. The seed should be sown in shallow drills twelve inches apart in beds of fine and fairly rich soil. As soon as the seeding* arc large enough they must be thinned out.—New York World. GUINEAS. Guinea fowls, writes Mrs. B. Howe, originally came from Africa and Mada gascar. They are common in Guinea and through all the region thence to the Cape of Good Hope. Guineas are not so polygamous as many of the galinaceous birds, and even in a state of domestication exhibit the incli nation to pair. In the wild state guinea fowls are usually seen in large flocks. The guinea is common now in the poultry yards of most parts of Europe, and though rather more adapted to warm climates, has yet become acclimated and quite hardy. Guineas have naked beads, hardy callous crest, a wattle hanging down on each side and the bill strong, with the upper mandible vaulted. Their eggs are small with very strong thick shells. In Britain they are especially esteemed and great pains taken to rear the young, which, at first, while very young are quite tender. The best known is the slate colored variety, the plumage covered with round white spots, hut of late years the white guinea has become far more popular than its speckled relation, being more easily domesticated. While the speckled guinea is shy, hiding its nest,and greatly resenting any interference therewith, the white variety will run and lay with the chickens. The flesh of the former is dark and gamey, while that of the latter is white and delicate, covered with yel low skin. Guineas arc not mischievous fowls ic the garden. It is said that at Landrcth's Seed Farm in Pennsylvania they keep no fowls except guineas, and they arc allowed the full run of the gaidens, where they assist greatly iu keeping down the insect pests, while do ing no injury. Guineas do not lay as early as some fowls, but they keep right at it while the other fowls are moulting, and consequently off duty. They are valuable as hawk detectives, their bright eyes descrying the first approach of any thing harmful or unusual in the poultry yard, whether it be hawk, mink, weasel, cat, dog or tramp; and such a din as they set up. They have a peculiarly querulous cry, which we iu our childhood days imagined sounded like buckwheat, buck wheat! This also is the cackle of the female over the newly laid egg, while the cry of the male is somewhat different, more harsh, more prolonged, and less often heard. Guineas make a pretty addition to any poultry yard. They are small feeders, keeping plump on a marvelous small quantity of food. They are active fowls, will take care of themselves, are nevci unhealthy, aud so far as we have ob served, are never troubled with vermin. —Farm, Field and Stockman. FARM AND GARDEN NOTF.S. Oats are a good feed to make hone and muscle, but not for egg production. The brooder must always he kept so warm that the fowls will not crowd in it. One object in feeding is to get an in crease iu size as much as possible, but at u low cost. If from any cause any of the chickem get stuuted the quicker they are mar keted the better. Pip in young chickens can often he cured by mixing a little black or cayenne pepper in their food. The best profit in raising ducks foi market is in having them ready to sell when they are twelve weeks old. Guinea fowls arc not a good market fowl by any means, hut they lay a large number of eggs and arc a good table fowl. Pigeons will thrive in small yards if kept in small lots; from twelve to twenty is plenty. They must lie mate 1, as an extra male will often cause considerable trouble. Wire mesh makes a good cover ing for the yards. Daryiug is similar to other occupatiom fn that it is profitable or uuprontaDte— just as the dairyman makes it. Energy, true (not false) (-< onomy, and a strict ad- hcrcucc to business principles, are the “watchwords” to success. An excellent coating for peach treei to prevent borers, is to swab the trees well with a mixture of lime and wood tar. Dig away the earth, swab tho trees six inches'below the ground and twelve inches about it, and return the earth to the trees. Rich soil stands drought better than poor. The heavier growth shades the toil, and thus checks evaporation; the crops are hurried to maturity before irought gets m its work, and vigorous plants can go iurtlicr for moisture and nutriment. RECIPES •« Baked Pudding for Invalids—One piut of milk, three eggs, sugar to the laste, two tablespoonfuls of flour. Beat the eggs, add the sugar, then the flour, and stir in the milk gradually. Butter i pan, pour in the pudding and bake it. Apple Sauce—Pare, core and slice ,-our apples, put them in a kettle with water enough to keep them from burn- ng, cover them, and as soon as they are soft mash them very fine. When they arc nearly cold, sweeten them to the taste. • Kish Croquettes—Any cold cooked isli, chopped fine and mixed with one- hird as much hot mashed potato; moisten with a little cream or melted butter, make iuto balls, roll iu beaten eggs, then in crumbs, and fry in hot fat, ising a wire basket if you have it. Boiled Onions—Peel them, and boil liem iu euu tl parts of milk and water. IV heu they are leader, take them up, Irain them, aud add salt, pepper and butter to the taste. Do not put salt id the water they arc boiled in, as that will curdle the milk and cause a scum to set tle on the onions. Buttermilk Cake—One cup of sugar, a half cup of butter, one cup of butter milk or sour cream, two cups of flour, one egg aud a teaspoonful of saleratus, or half a teaspoonful of soda. Add the Hour last, aud sec that the batter is a lit tle stilfer than in making pound-cake. Bake in a cake mould without delay af ter the ingredients are well combined. With tlie addition of more flour this same recipe answers well for little cakes or cookies. Flavor with mace and nut- meg or cinnamon. What the Groundhog is. An inspection of the natural history book show that the groundhog is a genui of the squirrel order. It is from sixteen to twenty inches loug, without counting four inches of tail. The body is brown ish gray above and reddish-brown below, and the feet and tail arc a blackish brown. The animal is fond of sitting erect, as a squirrel docs, and it assumes that atti tude when eating, holding its food in its paws. It cleans aud combs its fur like a squirrel, licking aud smoothing it down as a cat docs. Most of the day, when not hibernating, it sleeps in its burrow, occasionally coming out and taking a look around. In the evening it goes oul to feed upon grass, as well os fruits aud vegetables, to which it often docs much damage. In the daytime it never goes far from its burrow. When angry or alarmed it makes a gurgling or chatter ing noise with its mouth and sometimes it utters a shrill whistle, which has given it the name among the French Canadians of the “sifllcur” or whistler. The bits of the groundhog is severe and it will make a desperate fight against a dog. Its hide is tough aud was formerly used for whip lashes. The fur is of no value and the flesh is flabbjt and rank, though the latter, when cooked like roast pig, can be eaten by a person who has a first- rate appetite. The groundhog, or “woodchuck,” as it is more commonly called in the north, becomes torpid during the latter part of October in Maryland. Unlike the other varieties of marmot, it is not gregarious in its habits, each family keeping to it self. It burrows on the slope of a hill or by the side of a big stone, making an ex cavation twenty or thirty feet long, which descends obliquely four or five feet, then gradually rising to a largo round cham ber, where the groundhog family sleeps and brings up its young. The little ones arc born three to eight at a time. New England farmers make a practice of drowning groundhogs out with water. One story was found of a woodchuck that was kept tame in a kitchen, making its bed in a box full of straw in a warm corner. Nevertheless, when the cold season arrived it curled itself up with its little nose in its stomach aud thus composed itself for a winter’s sleep. Some weeks later it was put on tho floor by the fire and gradually thawed out, but, when put back in :ts box, it went asleep again for six weeks more. The burrows of the groundhog are always so con- structcd that no water can flood them.— Washington Star. A San Francisco newspaper learnt that a company lias been organized in San Diego for the purpose of importing fine cabinet woods from Central America and Mexico. They intend to tie the logs into rafts and tow them to San Diego by means of powerful tugs. At National City a large mill is to be put up for working the woods into shape for shipment to tho Eastern States and Europe.