The Darlington herald. (Darlington, S.C.) 1890-1895, May 13, 1891, Image 1
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THE DARLINGTON HERALD.
VOL. I
DARLINGTON, S. C., WEDNESDAY, MAY 13, 1891.
NO . 30.
CHURCHES.
PKEiBYTEBIAN ChCRCH.—ReT. J. G.
L«w, Pastor; Preaching every Sabbath
at 11} *' 111 ■ an d 8 p. in. Sabbath
School at 10 a. m., Prayer Meeting every
Wednesday afternoon at 5 o’clock.
Methodist Church. - Rev. J. A. Riee,
Paator; Preaching every Sanday at lit
a. m. and 8 p. m., Sabbath School at 5
p. mPrayer Meeting every Thursday
at 8 p.m.
Baptist Church.—Rev. G. B. Moore,
Paster; Preaching every Sunday at lit
a. m and 8:80 p. m., Prayer Meeting
every Tuesday at 8 p. m.
Episcopal Chapel.—Rev. W. A.
Guerry, Rector; H. T. Thompson, Lay
Reader. Preaching 3rd Sunday at 8:30
p. m., LayReading every Sunday morn
ing at 11 o'clock, Sabbath School every
Sunday afternoon at 5 o’clock.
Macedonia Baptist Church.—Rev
I. P. Breckington, Pastor; Preaching
every Sunday at 11 a. m. and 8:30 p. m.
Sabbath School at 8:30 p.m., Prayer
Meeting every Tuesday evening at 8:80
o’clock.
COUNTY OFFICERS.
Sheriff.—W. P. Cole.
Clerk of Court.—W. A. Parro.t
Treasurer.—J. E. Bass.
Auditor.—W. H. Lawrence.
Probate Judge.—T. H. Spain.
Coroner.—R. G. Parnell.
School Commissioner.—W. H. Evans.
County Commissioners.—C. B.King,
W. W. McKinzie, A. A. Gandy.
Professional Garbs.
w.
F. DARGAN,
ATTORNEY AT
LAW.
Darlington, C. H., 8. C.
Office over Blackwell Brothers’ store.
£ KEITH DARGAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Darlington, 8. C.
N
ETTLES & NETTLES,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Darlington, C. H., S. C.
Will practice in all State and Federal
Courts. Careful attention will be given
to all business entrusted to us.
P.
BISHOP PARROTT,
STENOGRAPHER and t t p e-writer.
LEGAL AND OTHER COPYING SOLICITED.
Testimony leported in short hand,
and type written transcript of same fur
nished at reasonable rates.
Good spelling, correct punctuation
and nest work guaranteed.
Office with Nettles & Nettles.
C
P DARGAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
AND TRIAL JUSTICE,
Darlington, S. C.
Practices in the United States Court
and in the 4th and 5th circuits. Prompt
attention to all business entrusted to me.
Office, Ward’s Lane, uexl to the Dar
lington Herald office.
DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS.
DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS.
DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS.
—ALL KINDS OF—
MARBLE MONUMENTS,
MARBLE MONUMENTS,
(
Tablets and Grave Stones furnished at
Short Notice, and as Cheap as
can be Purchased Else
where.
fW" Designs and Prices Furnished on
Application.
|y All Work Delivered Free on Line
of C. & D. R. R.
DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS,
DARLINGTON MARBLE WORKS,
DARLINGTON, S. C.
FIRE 1 FIRE 1
I Represent Twelve of the most
Reliable Fire Inamance Compa
nice in the World—Among
them, the Liverpool and Lon
don and Globe, of England, the
Largest Fire Campany in the
World; and the iEtna, of Hart
ford, the Largest of all Ameri
can Fire Companies.
fjT Prompt Attention to Business and
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
F. E. NORMENT,
DARLINGTON, B. O.
Office between Edwards, Norraent A
Co., and Joy ft Sander?’,
OU r IN THE WOODS.
Out In the woods where the maples grow,
rhere's a musical drip that the childres
know,
A spink, spank, spink,
A silvery link
As the waters down from the great tree)
flow.
Sweet are the waters that trickle down
Through the great trees, afar from th«
town,
With their spink, spank, spink,
Till the trough looks pink
As it peers through the sap from its coating
brown.
A rough-hewn trough is the trough for me
And its home-made “spile’’ in the maple
tree,
For the spink, spank, spink,
Is a silvery tink
That dwells like a song in the memory.
The dead leaves rustling beneath the feet
Once gathered from sun and from rain the
sweet,
And the spink, spank, spink.
Of the famous drink
Is the song when the spring and the winter
meet.
Out in the woods where the maples grow
There’s a musical drip that the children
know.
And the spink, spank, spink.
Is a silvery tink
That will summon the violets from below.
—Columbus Dispatch.
A Hero of New Mexico.
BY CHARLES F. LUMMIS.
When I look back over the strange
career of my brave old Spanish friend,
Colonel Manuel Chaves, whose weary
remnant of a body was laid to lest two
years ago under the shadow of the noblest
mountain in Western New Mexico, th*
exploits of many heroes, who were
handler to the frame-maker, seem a triflo
tame. Known and loved here, yet hit
name seldom reached to tho great outsido
world of newspapers and historians, and
to-day he fills the grave of an almost un
recorded hero. Yet I suppose there was
never a more remarkable life. For over
fifty years he was almost constantly
warring against the Apaches, Comanches,
Navajos and Utcs. Over 200 of his
relatives were killed by Indians. He
participated in more than 100 fights and
carried a scar for nearly every one of
them. His body was such a network of
ghastly cicatrices that scarcely could you
lay your hand upon him anywhere with
out touching a scar. For the last fifteen
years of his life he suffered untold agonies
—the result of his awful wounds and the
years of exposure and hardship, but he
met this more merciless foe as calmly as
he had met the Apache, and when, at
seventy-four, the flickering soul went
out, it was calmly as a little child’s.
Life on the New Mexican frontier in
his day was something which wo can ill
realize. There were no railroads then to
make travel easy for even the timid and
weak; nor mails to bring far friend
near; nor telegraphs to flash warning or
hope. The lonely New Mexicans, shut
off from contact, and almost from the
East by a vast and fearful wilderness,
were surrounded by savage nature and
still more savage man. It was one of the
bitterest lands on the earth, a land ol
Fast distances and scant product, of in- ^
finite thirst and little wherewith tc
quench it, a land of hardship eternal and
of daily danger, where boys were sol
diers and mothers had to fight for their
babes. It was almost as if there had
been no other world beyond those awful
plains. Whatever was consumed was
made at home, and found no other mar
ket. There were not even firearms for
defence against the relentless savages,
save a scant supply of the clumsy old
Spanish escopetas, (flintlock muskets)
scarcely better weapons than the bows
and arrows whose use the settlers learned
from their foes. Manuel was in his
youth a wonderfully expert archer, and
won countless ponies and blankets from
the Indians themselves in contests during
the short intervals of peace. Later he
became the best rifle shot New Mexico
has ever produced.
The little town of Cebolleta, where
Manuel passed bis boyhood, was never at
peace in tne nrst naif century of its ex
istence. It was out and alone from the
other Spanish settlements, and in the
very heart of the Navajo country; and it
was a fearful sufferer at the hands of the
Indians.
It was from Cebolleta that young Man
uel started, when he was eighteen years
old, on his first expedition—though he
had already seen enough of war at home,
and was accounted among the bravest of
the brave. With his eldest brother,
Jose, and fourteen other young men, he
started for the Canyon de Chusco, 150
miles to the westward, in the stronghold
of tho Indians, on a trading expedition.
What a commentary on the times in which
they lived—this seeking n market among
savages from whom murderous assaults
the traders were in constant peril even
while at home 1 They were attacked al
night in the Canyon de Chusco, and all
were killed save Manuel—who was left
for dead with seven arrows in his body,
and his Indian servant, Pahe, who wai
also fearfully wounded. Alone and on
foot they started on that fearful journey
homeward. Pahe died of his wounds in
two days, and Manuel dragged himself
alone the rest of the way, hiding by day
from the savages, crawling on by night,
followed by sneaking coyotes, that never
left his bloody trail; tortured with thirst
and pain, with no food save the cactus
fruit, until at last a faithful seryaot
found him fainting on the last ridge oi
San Mateo and carried him home upon
his back.
When he recovered'from these wounds
he was engaged as a guide to a party of
traders from Mexico to New Orleans, ann
thence went to St. Louis with a young
Cuban, who finally robbed him of all he
had in the world.
Then he returned to New Mexico ami
settled in Santa Fe, but in 1846 had tc
flee to Utah on account of political com
plications.
The following year he was recalled
and put in command of an expedition
against the Utes, whom he thrashed
soundly.
The invasion of New Mexico by the
American forces in the Mexican war was
not opposed, and the Territory became
part of the United States without blood
shed. Very soon thereafter came the
“Taos rebellion,” a small but fierce up
rising of Apaches ami Pueblos in the
most northern of the Pueblo towns, and
Manuel played an important part in sup
pressing it. In a fearful hand-to-hand
struggle, too, be saved the life of his
commander—Captain Zeran St. Vrain,
afterward owner of the 4,000,000-ncre
St. Vrain grant in Colorado. A gigan
tic Apache had his knife at the heart of
the prostrate St. Vrain, when Don Man
uel, shooting a foe who was almost upon
him, wheeled and crushed the skull of
St. Vrain’s assailant with the barrel of
his ponderous rifle.
In 1855 be led aregiment of volunteers
on a six months' campaign against the
Utcs,'making a brilliant record therein.
In 1857 he accompanied General Lor-
ing’s command in the war against Cuchil-
lo Negro (Black Knife), the most re
doubtable of all Apache warriors. He
captured the savage chief with his own
hand in a desperate night attack in a
eloomv canyon where his scouts had
found the camp of the hostilcs. General
Loring was greatly elated by this cap
ture, but the prisoner was murdered by
the officer left to guard him—a turbu
lent man who afterward met a violent
death.
In 1880, when a large band of Navajo;
made one of their characteristic raids or
the Rio Grande settlements and drove off
5000 sheep, Colonel Chaves pursued
them with fourteen men. He overtook
the hostiles at nightfall at Ojo de la
Monica and routed them; but in the
morning found his camp surrounded by
several hundred Navajos. From dawn
till dark of that desperate day tho fifteen
heroes withstood the wild charges of the
swarming savages, each fighting from
behind his tree. One by one the brave
New Mexicans sank back oa the rcu-
soaked earth, bristling with arrows; an 1
at nightfall only two ol them were left—
Colonel Chaves and Roman Sanches—
both fearfully wounded. A company of
soldiers from Fort Craig arrived just in
time to save them. In that ghastly
struggle Colonel Chaves had fired his
clumsy muzzle-loader eighty times, and
for every shot an Indian or a horse had
fallen. He had two bullets left when
the arrival of the troops ended the fight.
That was the kind of war they had on
the early frontier.
In a dozen other Indian outbreaks,
before and after those to which I have
bo briefly alluded, Colonel Chaves dis
tinguished himself by the same cool
bravery, the same dauntless will and the
same matchless skill as a marksman.
When the Civil War broke out Colonel
Chaves took command of the Second
Regiment New Mexico Volunteers, and
did brilliant service in this out of-the
way corner of the Union.
When Colonel Chaves returned to his
lonely home at Ojuelos it was only to
find that the Indians had despoiled him
of everything—his horses and cattle, his
30,000 sheep, crops and ail—and left
him penniless, a blow from which he
never fully rallied his affairs, though his
industry never left him in want.
After New Mexico’* share in the war
was over, there was still more than two
decades of frequent Indian outbreaks
within her broad borders, in most of
which Colonel Chaves was a prominent
figure. On one occasion his lambing
camp at the Salada was “jumped” by a
large force of raiding Apaches. The
few shepherds were too badly frightened
to fight much, and all would have been
killed but for the coolness of Don Man
uel. Posting each man behind a tree,
with a promise that he himself would
shoot the first who dared run—and they
dreaded his matchless aim even more
than they did the Indians—he took his
ten-year-old boy by the hand and ran up
the hill a few rods as a foint. The In
dians, seeing his flight, dashed straight
into tb: camp without their accustomed
preliminary mauccuvrcs to see of what
stuff their enemies might be made. As
one grabbed up Colonel Chaves’s priceless
Navajo blanket from beside the fir* he
fell sprawling 'with an ounce bullet
through his brain. Another snatched
the blanket and Colonel Chaves called to
one of his companions to shoot. But
when he saw the poor fellow's hand
trembling so that he could scarce hold
his gun, the Colonel shouted, “Wait!
Don’t shoot 1” He hurriedly rammed
another charge Into i’'8 old muzzle-
loader, and although by that tirao the
Indian had got so far that he felt him
self safe, the unerring bullet caught him
as he ran and tore his neck nearly iu
twain. By that time the shepherds had
recovered their senses and gave the In
dians such gallant resistance that the 1st
ter soon withdrew, carrying away some
valuable horses, but no scalps.
Ah, what a rifle-shot the withered,
wiry old man was, even when I knew
him, in his old agel New Mexico has
never had another such marksman as he
was in his prime; and his six-foot muz
zle-loading rifle of enormous calibre was
never excelled by the finest modern arms
that tried conclusion with it. In all his
long life—in nearly fifty years of which
not six months at a time were ever with
out warfare—he never was known to
miss but one shot. And never did he
have to shoot twice at bear or deer, and
seldom more than once at human foee. i
shall never forget my mingled amuse
ment and awe at an incident which oc
curred when he was seventy-two years
old and suffering fearfully from a cata
ract in his eye. We were out with his
grandson, Roilolfo Otero—a gallant lad
and flue rifle-shot. Rodolfo had a fine
Winchester with which he did some ex
tremely clever shooting. “Try it, grand
pa!" he kept urging the worn, old man,
bent and wasted by disease. He had
never trusted our modern magazine guns,
but at last yielded to Rodolfo’s entreat
ies.
"Go, put me a mark on yon cedar,”
he said, pointing to a gnarled tree a full
100 yards away. Rodolfo ran over, and
—considerate of bis grandfather's age
and condition—fastened to the tree a
paper some six inches across.
“Va!” cried the old man, calling him
back. “What thinkest thou, hijito?
That I am as the moles? Here, take
thou this bullet aud make me a mark of
it on that paper!”
Rodolfo did so. My ejes are none the
worst in the world, but I could uot even
sec that lead-mark less than half an inch
in diameter. Colonel Chaves raised the
rifle in his withered hands, looked pain
fully at the fluttering paper, threw the
rifle to his shoulder and fired—all in the
time in which one might count five.
“Pues!” he said, as the smoke cleared,
“now it sees itself better,” and he fired
again, with the same rapidity. And
when he walked to the mark the bullet
was in tha spot Rodolfo had marked, and
the second beside it so close that the
flattened bits of lead touched!
Little wonder that such a marksman,
as cool in mortal danger as in sport, a
born commander and a noble man, was
tiie terror of the savages, and was loved
and is mourned by those he helped tode
fend.—Ht. Louis Republic.
How Some Goods Are Sold.
We were talking with a leading up
town retailer a few days since whose an
nual sales run up into the millions, and
ameng other questions came up the one
of “drives” or special bargains. “How
is it,” we asked, “that you people can
every now and then advertise and sell
some line of garments or fabrics or ar
ticles at prices which, on the face of
them, show a heavy loss on the cost ol
manufacture itself ?”
The merchant smilingly replied:
“With the enormous outlet which busi
ness such as ours affords we are in posi
tion to handle quantities which would
stagger the average retailer. For in
stance, two or three weeks ago we closed
out for cash 2180 silk umbrellas, all the
stock of one of the smaller manufacturers,
who needed cash for the time being more
than he did the umbrellas. The price,
as you may readily understand, was a
low one or we would not have closed the
bargain.
“The goods we placed in stock, matk-
ing them in three different grades, viz.,
$2.50, $3.50 and $5. We advertised
them in the daily press and in a few days
sold over 1500 of this ‘special drive,’
every one of which was a bargain.
“ ‘Now,’ we said, ‘we have made a
handsome profit on those already sold.
We will create a little excitement on the
balance and stand a losa ourselves.’ So
we advertised 500 silk umbrellas at $1
each. Every one of those we put in this
special sale was worth from $2.50 to $5
at retail.
“The morning the sale took place ths
people flocked in as soon as the doors
were opened, and in one hour and twenty
minutes the last umbrella was disposed
of. We sold one umbrella only to each
individual purchaser at this low figure,
and consequently placed this bargain with
upward of 500 different persons.
“The actual loss to us on this sale was
several hundred dollars, but on the whole
lot of 2180 umbrellas we averaged a very
handsome profit, besides making our
selves talked about and bringing 500
special customers into the store who, it is
safe to say, bought more or less in the
other departments of the house at a
profit.”—Dry Goods Chronicle.
The Hercules Beetle.
The biggest insect of its kind in the
world is the herculea beetle of South
America, which grows to be six inches
in length. It is said, whether truthfully
ar uot, that great numbers of these crea
tures are sometimes seen on the mammna
tree, rasping the rind trom the slender
branches by working around them with
their horns until they cauie the juice to
How. This juice they drink to intoxica
tion, and thus fall senseless to the
ground.—Chicago Herald.
Sixteen million* of dollars were lent
from the United States to pay for beet
,ugar bought in Germany during the ytu
puding June 30, 189''
METHODS AND FOIBLES OF A
GREAT FRENCH ARTIST.
The Fabulous Sums He Received
lor His Masterpieces—Curious
Reminiscences of the Ec
centric Painter.
Meissonier, the great French artist
who died in Paris recently, spent money
with both hands. Ho built himself on
the Malesherbes place in Paris a bouse
that was a wonder of taste. He kept a
country seat in the grand styla of the
milliouaire aristocrat. He bought every
thing he wished right aud left without
once, stopping to calculate his immediate
income. His ability to be thus reckless
with impunity was due to his unparal
leled success in making his high art
a financial success. Few if any other
modern painters have persistently de
manded and received such great material
lecognition of their work. The prices
paid repeatedly for his tiny canvases have
been fabulously high. A Frenchman has
calculated since his death that none ol
his well known works is to be bad fot
much less than $300 a square inch.
At the Secretan sale seven Itttle genre
pictures by Meissonier went for $101,000-
"Le Vin du Cure,” on wood, four and
one-one half inches high by six inches
wide, done in 1860, brought $16,000;
“Le Peintre et 1’Amateur.” on wood,
nine by four inches, 1859, $12,500;
“Joune Homme Ecrivant Une Lettre,”
on wood, nine by seven inches, 1882.
$13,000; “Joueurs dc Routes aus Ver
sailles,” on wood, five and one-half by
eight, 1847, $14,200; “Joueurs de
Bottles a Antibes,” on wood, five by
seven inches, 1869, $12,000; “Liseui
en Costume Rose,” on wood, eight by
six inches, 1854, $13,200; “Le Coup de
1’Etrior,” on wood, nine by five inches,
date unknown, $16,000.
Meissonier was never to be shaken in
his demands for enormous prices. Often,
after finishing a picture, he doubled the
estimate he had made of its value before
beginning it. Emperor Napoleon III,
originally appropriated $20,000 for the
picture “Napoleon III. at Solferino.”
After completing the work on it Meis-
■ovenier ga him tho alternative between
payimr $40,000 and letting hU m^et
famous portrait fall into strange bands.
Richard Wallace agreed to give the
painter $30,000 for putting on canvas
“Napoleon in the Battle at Friedland.”
Meissonier did the picture, and refused
to let it go for less than $60,000. When
Wallace demurred, Meissonier coolly sold
the painting at bis price to an American
who did not haggle.
Meissonier's masterpiece, "1814,” is
known as the most expensive painting in
the world. It is twenty inches high by
thirty inches wide, and was last sold for
$170,000. It represents Napoleon I.
and his great general staff riding back
from the scene of their defeat. It came
to be painted in this wise: In 1870 M.
Delbante, a rich business man with a
taste for art, found Meissonier at work
in his studio on one of bis microscopic
canvases.
“What does it represent?” he asked.
“A military subject, to which I will
give the title ‘1814.’ ”
“Your subject is very great and your
canvas is very small, M. Meissonier,”
Bald Delbante. Why do you not paint a
larger picture?”
“I have laid it in small for two
reasons—first, because that is my style ol
painting; second, because, to speak
openly, I need money. I work slowly,
and am able to finish a little picture
much sooner than a large one.’’
“So you need money. Well, paint
my portrait. What will it cost?”
“Five thousand dollars.”
Delbante drew out his purse and laid
Hie money on the table. “Now, I wish
also for myself the picture *1814,’” be
continued, “but on the condition that
you do it on a larger canvas."
Some time later, when the portrait
was completed, Meissonier showed hi;
patron the outlines of a new “1814,’
with the question: “Is that large enough
for you?”
“Just right. What will it cost?"
“Fourteen thousand dollars.”
“All right; there is half the price.”
The picture was painted, paid for, and
delivered, and iu 1864 was exhibited in
the Salon. An Englishman offered $60,-
000 for it, but Delbante held back.
Vanderbilt increased the offer to $80,-
000, yet failed to secure the picture.
Finally M. Digue, a connoisseur, got it
for $100,000, and, after keeping it in
his possession lor ono day, made th<
famous sale of it to M. Chauchard foi
$150,000. This was the first time«
great painter had seen with his own eyes
such s triumph of his art. Those wht
have approached most closely his succest
were Munknczy, with his “Christ before
Pilate,” which Bold for $100,000; Millet,
with his “Angelas." for which $120,000
was paid, and Murillo, with his “Ascen
sion,” $130,000.
In the work behind his great artistic
and fiuaucial success Meissonier followed
closely the suggestion of the German
proverb, “Kein Preis ohne Fleiss.” An
experience of Menzel and Pletsch in his
studio in 1867 illustrates the infinite
painstaking with which all his great pic
tures were pointed. “1807,” or the
"Cuirassiers of Friedland" was unfin-
iahed on his easel. In renonse to a com
ment from one of his visitors Meiseionet
explained the nature of the work
he had done in order to be
able to do it. “The way of the cuiras
siers to tne enemy,'' he said, “lay over a
field of grain, still colored with the tints
of June green. Infantry had already
marched over the field and had trodden
down the blades. To get this effect
perfect before my eyes I had a field near
my house in the country planted to rye
in the fall. In the following May, when
the blades had taken on about the size
and the color which would be character
istic of a grain field in East Prussia on
lune 14, the day of the battle, I had a
troop of infantry, placed at my disposal
by the commander of a neighboring
garrison, march over it diagonally. After
the field had been thus ptepared, I made
four large and minutely exact studies of
nature from it. These studies I utilized
in the picture before you. I also made
use of a company of cuirassiers from the
Poissy post for the purpose of studying
the effects produced by their movement.
Day after day they stormed by my house
in the wildest haste, swinging their
swords and shouting, ‘Vive I’Empereur. ’ ”
Thus, without the aid of instantaneous
photography, now rc indispensable to
the painter ot such scenes, Meissoniei
was enabled to study and represent the
men and horses in the mad movement!
of the full charge.
Meissonier, the Great, was of dwarfish
stature. He had a large, powerful, bony
bead, with a wide forehead and bushy
eyebrows. Down over his breast flowed
a long white beard, the pride of his
heart. He imagined that it helped him
look larger and statelier than he was.
This idea was a drop of comfort in his
cup of mourning over his dwarfishuess.
It £ave him a little consolation in his
everlasting regret that he was not a man
of martial figure, for, with all his phe
nomenal successes, Meissonier dreamed
half of his days of the impossible ambi
tion to be big. To make himself look
more manly and robust he frequently en
cased his diminutive legs in huge cavalry
boots. He prinked daily before the
mirrot, and was never weary of compar
ing himself with ether small men to show
that he was really not so very little. To
the end he confided in his friends the
pangs he ever suffered on account of his
under size. Occasionally, but only oc
casionally, did Meissonior find the de
sired consolation ne sought from Ins ac
quaintances. One afternoon, ns the
Sculptor Dubois entered his studio,
Meissonier exclaimed joyfully:
“What do you think 1 The corn doc
tor was just here, and what do you sup
pose he says? A six-foot grenadier can
not get any bigger corns than mine.”—
New Torh Sun.
The Human Stature.
Doctor Oscar Lenz, the African ex
plorer, Professor of Geography at the
University of Prague, Bohemia, in a
treatise on the African pigmies, makes
the following observations on average
human stature: “As to the average
height attained by these people, there is
much discrepancy in the notes furnished
by those who have seen them. Perhaps
the best estimate hitherto given is that
of old Herodotus, who says of them that
they are below ‘the medium height.’
From personal observation I am led to
infer that the size of these pigmies aver
age between four feet three inches and
lour feet eight inches for a full-grown
man, and between three feet three inches
and four feet one inch for the woman.
This certainly constitutes a race of
smaller stature than that to be found in
most other countries, but the term
‘dwarf’ applied to them appears incor
rect. Ethnology furnishes examples of
many a tribe and nation whose stature
does not exceed that which is here attri
buted to the so-called pigmies. This will
be made clear by comparing the figures
just given with the following list furn
ished by anthropological research:
Feet.
Inches
Germans, Patagonians, Kaffirs,
Polynesians
5
10
Don Cossacks
5
8
Englishmen
5
6
Austrians, Northern French-
men, Africans
5
6
Bavarians
5
* l 4
Southern Frenchmen, Chinese..
5
*4
Australians
5
3H
Natives of Amboyua and Ti-
5
Malar*
5
Akka (Tikki-Tikki)
4
n
Lapps
4
OH
Abongos, Bushmen, Esquimaux
4
8
It will be seen that the inhabitants of
the Arctic circle are much of the same
size as some of the tribes in tropical
Africa.—Picayune.
Raising Foreals.
Tho ministry of imperial property ol
the Czar of Russia are making efforts to
plant forests in the governments of
Ehatarlnoslav,Kherson, Tambov, Samara
and Toola. Last year over four thou
sand dessyatins (about twelve thousand
acres) of steppo were converted intt
forests. This year the work will con
tinue in the governments mentioned and
be extended also to the steppes ol
Poltava, Podol, Orlov aud other places.
—Chicago Retfi.
A citizen of St. Louis makes a good
living by renting turtles to restauranti
for advertising purpose*. He gets $2
per day for each, and they are always in
demand. They are left outside the door
the day before turtle soup 1* served, and
create a run the next day for the soup,
but they are not iu it,
FARM ANB HOUSEHOLD.
WHEB IS A HEN TOO FAT? _
A hen is too fat when she is apparently
too heavy behind, when she is lazy and
cares nothing for work, seeking only to
have the owner feed her. She cannot
easily fly, soon becomes tired from exer
tion when chased, does not lay, though
in good health, and is very heavy when
held in the hands. We do not state that
any one of the above causes indicate a
fat hen, but to observe her in all ol
them. Of course, the surest method is
to lift her and the weight will be there.
Examination of the rear of the body will
also show the fat under the skin by its
color.
As to what should be the character
and quantity of the food required to
keep them in a healthy condition, can
not be correctly stated, as no two hens
are alike. Leghorns and Brahmas (or
other large breeds) should not be kept
together. If hens are in good condition,
the best food is chopped clover hay
(chopped half an inch in length and
scalded), all they will eat in the ramm
ing, a tablespoonful of ground meat
mixed with mashed potatoes; aud scatter
wheat for them to pick up before going
to roost.—Farm and Fireside.
BOYS ON THE FARM.
The decadence of farming of late years
is largely due to the undeniable fact that
city life has offered greater attractions ns
well as greater profits to the young.
While it is true that farming does not
now require so severe and unremitting
toil as formerly, can it be said that
young people on the farm have been en
couraged to find their pleasures and re
laxation at home? This is the only way
to make farm life attractive to the aver
age young man. If on each holiday he
goes to the city,it will naturally soon seem
to him that city life is all a holiday while
life on the farm is one of unceasing
drudgery. It often happens that city
boys kept at work in stores, and only
allowed to go into the country for vaca
tion, see only the holiday side of farm
life, and acquire a love for it that those
brought up on the farm too often do not
share. Why do not farmers take a hint
from these facts, and make as much holi
day as possible for their sons at home?
It is time that the old rule, which made
the boy hoe his row aud run for water,
wnite tne men resteu, was superseded by
a practice which would give boys the
easiest tasks, and the little investments
that gave largest profits, as the best
means to interest them in farming and
make this the occupation of their lives.
—Boston Cultivator.
SMALL FRUIT CULTURE.
For leaders who propose a spring
planting of stravbeiries or other small
fruits,a few points selected from a paper
read at a meeting of the Massachusetts
Horticultural Society by M. P. M. Au
gur, Pomologist of the Board of Agri
culture of the State of Connecticut, will
be both seasonable and useful. Fot
spring planting, for fruit aldne, it is rec
ommended tc set the strawberry in rows
three feet apart and one and a half feet
in the row, allowing each spring plant
to throw one strong runner on each side,
rooting a single plant opposite the inter
vening spaces so that each trio will rep
resent the angles of a triangle. Foi
July planting, set in rows two feet apart
and one and a half in the row, just after
a rain, when each plant can be taken up
with a mat of earth adhering.
Tho Wilson was once every man’s
ben/; the crescent was called the lazy
man’s berry, and the Haviland is much
after the style of the crescent. All are
lather too small to be satisfactory. Then
are now too many good varieties offered
to allow of detail in their description.
As a rule, the pistillate varieties have
been the most productive when properly
matched with suitable bi sexuals. Thus
three or four rows of the Jewell, with
the Sharpless on one side and the Bel
mont on the other, are considered well
matched. Likewise the Jersey Queen,
with the Cumberland on the one side
and the Charles Downing on the other,
have produced immensely.
With the raspberry and the blackberry,
as with the strawberry, tho tendency is
to overcrowd. Plant raspberries six feet
by six feet apart; blackberries, eight
feet by six feet. When the cane* reach
three and a half feet, nip out the tips,
which will give strong laterals, and when
these reach one and a half feet clip them.
Few are aware of the possibilities ol
these plants when well treated.
FARM AND GARDEN NOTE*.
There is more profit, in the long run,
In cultivating one acre than in skimming
ten.
Wheat bran wet with hot water makes
a good summer breakfast.
It is not necessary to coddle or pamper
fowls to make them grow.
Roasting cotton seed is said to greatly
improve its feeding quality.
To keep fowls in a dirty, lll-vcntilntod
hennery is a foul proceeding.
Twenty-four hours after hatching is
soon enough to begin feeding.
The fowls will not thrive if they arc
forced to stand in mud all day.
Keep your stables warm, dry aud
clean, aud provide plenty of good bed
ding.
One pound of cheese contains more
nutritive elements than two pounds of
beef.
Owing to it* fertilizing Tfllue clover
should never be sold for less than 11$
per ton.
I rim your fruit tree* so as to give a
free, open top, no two limbs touching or
crossing each other.
Change the water lor fowl* at l*ut
once a day, and place the water-vessels
of whatever kind in the shade to keep
as cool ns possible.
With poultry,as with everything else on
the farm, there is always an opportunity
to sell nt good prices fowls or eggs that
arc of little better quality than others
arc offering.
Game, Ifoudnn, Leghorn, Hamburg,
Andalusian, and Black Spanish are th
varieties of chickens that require high
fences in order to control them. They
are all high flyers.
HOUSEHOLD HINTS.
Honey should be kept in the dark or it
will granulate. The bees, knowing this,
work in the dark.
A spoonful of oxgall to the gallon of
water will set the colors of almost any
goods soaked in it before washing.
A excellent snuff relief for catarrh is
equal parts of gum arabic, gum myrrh
and blood root pulverized.
To extinguish kerosene flames, if no
cloth is at hand, throw flour on the
Haines. Flour rapidly absorbs the fluid
and deadens the flames.
If, when corking any kind of dried
fruit, boiling water is poured on and let
the fruit simmer, it will be much nicer
than to use cold water.
Put camphor gum with your new
silverware and it will never tarnish as
long as the gum is there. Never wash
silver iu soapsuds, as that gives it a
white appearance.
Coral Animals Tamed.
“I know that coral animals can bo
tamed, for 1 have had considerable ex
perience with them,” said George Ban
croft, of Tallahassee.
Mr. Bancroft has spent several yean
of his life among the coral reefs off the
coast of Florida and Key West, and has
made a study of the work of the little
coral animal. The traveler has a fine
collection of coral with him, and about
each piece has something interesting to
relate.
- - 1 -1-• — i . ,i . ,» >* r ( ,
ever, who ever tamed the polyps,” con
tinued Mr. Bancroft, as ha took a fine
specimen from his pocket. “That piece
1 found on a reef in Florida, and as I
was auxbus to notice how fast the coral
grows 1 placed it in the water where I
could visit it every week and note the
change. I had no idea the coral animal
would become used to my coming, but
one day after about the tenth visit I
noticed the polyps darting into their
cells. After several more visits some of
the little fellows became so bold as to
remain on the outside, and finally they
became so well acquainted with me they
would remain in sight. I have stood by
the side of that four-inch-square speci
men for hours examining the thousands
of animals on it.
“Scientific men claim that the coral
grows slowly, uot more than an inch in
100 years, but I have proved that the
scientific people don't know what they
are talking about, for the niece contain
ing my coral pets in six months grew nt
least an inch. It is rather hard to de
scribe how the animal works. The little
fellow is a mere sack containing a
stomach. It is a compound animal, and
increases by gemmation, young polyps
springing from the original polyp,
sometimes indifferently from any part of
its surface. The upper surface is decked
out with tentacles aud the body is
separated by a number of partitions that
extend Irom the stomach to the outer
skin. Bel ween these walls of flesh the
carbonate of lime is deposited and in
that way the coral grows.”
Mr. Bancroft has many specimens ol
coral with him. One kind he calls the
pepper coral. When touched with the
tongue it will cause tears to run from
the eyes of the owner of the tongue. It is
worse than red pepper. The coral, tha
traveler says, is not sought for as it was
years ago.
“Coin! ornaments arc not popular at
present, 'said Mr. Bancroft,” and until
there is a craze for them the trade will
not be extensive.”—Chicago Tribune.
American Tea.
Mr. Gill, nu expert on tea. sho»-s rrom
eareful calculations made in China, India
and Ceylon, that teas are produced and
made ready for use nt nu average cost of
from 5^ to 4J cents a pound. China, he
tells us, which formerly enjoyed a mon
opoly of the trade, now produces less
than half of the tea used in Europe and
America, and he maintains with great
show of reason, that tea may be giown
in large areas of the Southern States as
successfully and profitably a* anywhere
else in the world. A rich, sandy loam
of good depth and drainage, and a moist
climate, ate the two essential requisites,
and the tree or bush will stand a con
siderable degree of cold.—Nets Orleans
Picayune.
Bradslreet’s state* that there are in
New England half a hundred stock farms,
where twenty year* ago there were prac
tically none, and in California the breed
ing of fast horse* has become almost a
craze