Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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m A. MrlVfilti was calk'd for no other purpose than Editor, to deckle whether the delegates to IMPROVEMENT OF LAND BY THE “PEA FALLOW.” the September Convention should be ; Fgsay Read hy E E EvslI18 Be . hv primary or convention, i - -- WBUNBSDAY, A CGI'S T 20. lht)0. Copar«Roi‘W]ilp Notice. ; elected by primary or has transcended its powers, and, inj _: addition to deciding against primary, j has changed the constitution of the 1 Democratic party -wid-aleeied a miW We, the iindefsigne t k-havethisdavH E ff«< i ' e T / ,on ® it ^ . Ju 4ges. _ , . - « ' 1 0 ^call. Harper and Johnson, three formed a copartnership for the pur- of t he Hbles t jurists South Carqiina Jiose of cor.UuCtifig a general mer- ^ver had, have given their opinions chandise business, Under the firm against conventions doing.anything name of McCall & Hurch, and wii 11 e j so delegates were given As soon as pdssiWc remove from the ; tttlf ij on ‘ tj to j 0 1)y the pt . 0 pi e w ho present sta«d of J.-G. McCall to the^.j^j tllelni Without a single ,ex- Ilewitt hnflding, where we will l>e; ception the people of eVfery coantr in pleased to serve our friends and pat-; {hof|tat«i elected t^ieir delegates to runs. liospectfully, the August Convention for the sole J. (JnKOfi McC.U.l, I purpose of deciding whether the del- ’ Jno. S. Ik'uen. 1 " ' - Darlington, S. 0., August 1,JS90. jegales t'o the September Convention should bc‘ elected 'by primary or con vention, aud thegA.ugnst Convention •*-- lias disregarded the will, of the peo- f all for a Stralghtout (onur.t!oi). J p] e w j 10 cr0 ated it; In other words, CoLtliflia, 8. C., August 15, 1890. ; the convention has assumed that the The Conference held in the city of; agent is greater than the principal. Columbia on/Hie 10th and lltli of The Anti-Tillman delegates in the July, 1890, adopted the following convention, in consequence of the resolution: j revolutionary action of the majority, “Resolved, That when this Confer-1 withdrew from the convention, think- ence adjourns it adjourns to meet j mg that such action on their jiart subject to the call of the president, "as the only course to pursue in view and in the event that the 1 August' of the positive instructions received fore the Darlington Agricul tural Society, August 12, 1800. A fallow crop is at the foundation of all successful agriculture. The farmer Avho relies upon his. barn yard and compost heap can reach but a small part of his farm, and where he usee very extensively the jconmier- (ial fertilizers of the day he runs the risk of paying out a large amount for an uncertain return. To some extent he buys his crop before he sells it with the balance sometimes on the wrong side. The fallow crop is nature’s mode of manuring and is a part all the w orld over of successful aud intelligent farming. It was long the reproach and misfortune of Southern fanning that we had no good fallow crop. Those of ns whose memories go back sonic years will recall (he rude weed fallow which w'e practiced very faith fully. 'I bis, w hile k yielded humus to the soil and was therefore valuable, was not followed by striking results, probably from the absence to any ex tent of nitrogen. At this very time we had a crop planted extensively Convention refuses to make provis ion for the election of delegates to the September Convention by prima ry election, that the president call a meeting of this Conference, to be'* Although the Anti-Tillmanites are held before the September Conven tion, for the purpose of consulting together as to what course shall be pursued to preserve the existence of the regular Democratic party of South Carolina.” In pursuance of this resolution and in obedience to this mandate of the 'Conference, ! hereby call"a meeting ■ of this Conference to re-assemble at: the State House, in the city.of Co lumbia,on Tuesday, August 215,1890, at 8 o’clock P. M. All members of the Conference and all others in sympathy with the objects and declared purposes of those then participating in said movement are hereby invited to attend. W. D. ‘JoHNfeox, President. from their county conventions. The for other purposes but whose value withdrawing delegates have issued an address to the Democracy of the State giving their reasons for their action. Well Merited Success. The Columbia Register of August 14th has the following: "Mr. iWaddy Thompson, of Dar lington, who is engaged to take the position pf local editor of The Regis ter, paid a flying visit to Columbia Tuesday and returned home yester day. He will assume the duties of his position on this paper on Mon day.” 'We’Congratulate both Mr. Thomp- and The Register. We have sou known Mr. Waddy Thojnpson for several years both as a clever gentle man and a good newspaper man. As a writer he is clear and forcible, and as a news gatherer he is painstaking and thorough. lie has lived in Dar lington kmg enough to-make us feel that we have* some claim on him, and ia his new field of labor we will ever thinkjof him as a Darlington man and follow his success with pleasure. A Dastardly Trick* [Choravr Reporter.] A statement was made on our streets a few days ago that many of the prominent Democrats of Charleston, under the lead of Gen. McCrady, the author of the “8 box election law,” had bolted from the party and organized a new parly called "the Independent Republican party,” and that a . circular bad been received showing thisfact. Indeed, we beard that a prominent supporter of the “Tillman party” was proclaiming the existence of “startling news” on the faith of this cir cular. It turns out that one of the most con temptible frauds of the campaign was in tills way kUeotpied to lie perpetrated, tpr when the “circular” was run down aud subjected to inspection, it was a copy of a paper gotten up while Charleston was under the rule of the vilest set of Repub licans in the State, and all the best citi zens of that city determined to support a a ticket for Mayor and Aldermen which )!aleight ‘conservative’ mcnonit, wliich ticket was gotten out by Independent Republicans who had become disgusted with their oM party and desired to get rid of thekorrihie incubus. These citizens figned a paper .stating their determina tion to vote for such * ticket. The very first name on the list was Edward McCra dy, the father of the father of the 8 box law, ami, therefore, Its grandfather. Then follow such names as Judge Ma- grath, Geo. W. Bryan, If. II. Rutledge, Edward McCrady, Jr., and other e inally prominent living citizens, with such as Isaac Hayne, W. D. Porter, James Con ner, L. 1). Mowry, tyjjO. Bee anil many other* who have now long been dead. The paper had no date but looked to lie itew, and wa» in circulation aa a new ef fort to disrupt flic Democratic party. A ghod many here, not familiar with the po litical history of the State, were deceived by it and called upon an old Democrat to rtplein it. He did so,andaa a personal fHend of Gea, McCrady wrote bint about it. Gen. McCrady replied', denying, of course, the.whole charge. No decent party ccrslrf resort tcrauch foul means to besmirch the party from which It has se ceded. No triKi Csfolintan would for a single moment lend himself k> sWh base and unmanly measure*. No Democrat would stoop tbelander the dead patriots who fought she eneurtes of the Sttue with •il thejr mlghfto save it from radical ruie, •r attempt tode»troy the Influence of the r defenders of its b«*t and highest in the minority, the minority is often in the right, and the weight of legal talent is on its side certainly this time. Col. James A. Hoyt, the Chairman of the Execmtive Commit tee, says that lie is still chairmsn and intends to hold his position until the September Convention. All good Democrats, according to the highest authority and the constitution of the party, should give their allegiance to the old constitution and executive committee, aud pity no attention to the provisions of the Tillman consti tution or the orders of the Tillman executive committee. The Line tuBennettavillc. [Noiv3 amt Courier.] The wort on the extension of the Charleston, Sumter and Northern Road from Sumter to Bcnnettsville, unde.r the superintendence of Contractor R. S. Pringle, Is lieing advanced without delay. Mr. Pringle has recently made arrange ments for the hiring of 4nc hundred con victs to do the work, and a stockade is now being built for their reception in Swimming Pens township in Sumter county. The people jn Ma rlboro and the portion of Darlington through whiph this road will run are looking forward to its completion with great interest. Here tofore they have been almost wholly cut off from Charleston, and, in fact, the whole State, and this line will give them the first regular communication with this market that they ever had. The line will also assist Charleston’s business very much in every branch, besides bringing a great deal of cotton here that now goes to Norfolk, Wilmington and other ports to the north. Peterson’s Magazine. “The Best for the Ladies,” one only needs to look at the September number of “Peterson” to decide that it is the best magazine for ladies. The fashions are always accurate and novel, and the varied departments are kept up to the highest standard. Lovers of good literature will always find gratification for their tastes in the fiction, poetry and miscellaneous articles. This number has an illustrated article on Bamboo furniture, full of use ful suggestions and artistic'designs, and a paper on the preservation of Autumn leaves will delight all llowcr lovers. Two serials are running, as unlike ns they are original and interesting, and the short stories arc all worthy of commendation. “Things Worth Knowing” is for the l»en- efit of housekeepers this month, and Dr. Abram Livezy has an article on children’a diseases which every mother ought to read. Terms, Two Dollars a year. Ad dress, Peterson’s Magazine, COO Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. The State Fair. On page 10 of the Premium List of the State Agricultural and Mechanical Socie ty for the present year, will be found the offer of Premiums amounting in the ag gregate to $500, for the Counties making the best display of popnty Products, to be shown at the Fair November 10, 1800. The requirements are: “To the Coun ty making the Best and Largest Display of Products grown or produced by resi dents of the County, Pentiums will lie awarded as follows: 1st Premium, $250 ; 2nd Premium, $1,50; 3rd Premium $100— In all, $300. All Grain must be shown in quantities not less than one-half bushel. The Judge* making the award in this con test, will consider first, Quality; second, Quantity; third, Variety; and fourth, Ar rangement. Articleirfor the County dis play will not count in the Individual Premium.”- I beg that you call special attention to this feature, and urge your.County to be * competitor in the contest. Aside from the money Involved, County pride should stimulate our farmers to enter heartily into the matter, and thus show the pro gress of Agricultucej* pur Ktate. I take it that the most effective plan would lie for the several County Allian ce# from the Hub-Alliances, to canvass the matter at an early day, aud thus become organized, ** that by the first of Novem ber each County will be able to know wbat will lie shown, aud at what Railroad Sta tion shipments will be made. Railroads require prepayment of freight, but npon fjs return to the original point Of shipment, with the Certificate of the Becralary.tbat the game had been on-ex hibition, the imount will be-refunded. 1 will be pleased to furnish a copy of the Premium List to all who may apply to Tuou. W. Hom-owav,’ Secretary, PouuuJtt, S, C, as a manure was not fully recognized. Sagacious farmers—notably Dixon, of Georgia—had observed the bene fit of the pea and used it to some ex tent, while at the same time holding on to the old system of rest and weeds. The truth is the pea is not a perfect stage shall it be plowed under—green or dead? It is important that We should have correct view*?upqji this point. In the first experiments made under the recommendation of Mr. Ruffin the vine was ploughed under by his advice in a green state, and I' have been told by the older farmers result ed in complete failures. This is the usual treatment of a fallow crop, plants being thought richer in nitro gen when in that state. The pea was so used by Mr. Ruffin upon his lands in Virginia and is so treated npon the alluvial landsof Louisiana. Why did it fail with ns ? Obviously from a difference of soil. This in deed might have been expected. Even clover thus treated sometimes fails. Dana, in his “Muck Manual,” which I read some years ago, discusses this question and earnestly recommended that the clover fallow should be ploughed under in a dry state even in the granite soils of New England. Green vegetation, says Dana, fer ments and dry vegetation decays. Now it is this fermentation which produces an unhealthy condition of the soil, unless nntraiized by strong alkalies, wliich do not exist in our sandy soils. It was therefore with good reason that Dr. Ravenel recom mended that the pea should be ploughed under after it had dried upon the land, and this is now the universal practice. Should the pea crop be manured? It is not usual to manure a fallow crop upon strong day soils. Legu- menons plants possess the power of appropriating plant food from the soil inaccessible to other classes of plants and it is upon this that their value as renovators depends. But there is a limit to this. It is very common for even strong soils to •be come clover sick and to refuse longer to grow the crop. It might therefore be expected that npon our light soils, so deficient in plant food, that the pea would soon exhaust the land if j NOT A 8TRANCER TO YOU! .The Writer ' h; good people of Da: go-ahead towa. ad pleasant bushless rclatlens with some of the !gton,Bndhedesires to increase and enlarge his trade is this DRY GOODS AND CARPETS We cany in great variety, and every fair means will be put forth tins Fall and Winter ecason to show you how well we can do for you in both of the lines named. ! ’i 1 / ' , 7 ! ■ Onr Carpets have already been purchased and will be instock in the months of August andSeptcmber. The Patterns in Extra Supers, Brussels and Body Brus sels are fine; Velvets in new and pretty colors! and we intend selling them at from $1 .00 to $1.25 for the last named. Samples of Dress Goods will be supplied when desired. £3P” Correspondence Solicited. ^ Respectfully, R. M. MCINTIRE, WILMINGTON, - - - - NORTH UROLINt. DARCAN&LIDE, Bonk Sellers and "" , DARLINGTON, S. C. A Full line of Stationary and School Books always on hand. Law Blanks in great variety. This is the place to buy your Ledgers and Blank Books of all kinds at .tnc lowest market prices. Headquarters for Sporting Goods! ty A large line of handsome books suitable for presents, will be ordered at catalogue prices. THE DARURBTDN HERALD, ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR. fallow crop. Unliko clover it is an planted continuously without ma- annual and has to be renewed every year. It is of uncertain germina tion, the shell being soft; it is some times lost for want of proper moisture in the soil in the act of germinating. Again, when successfully grown it is very hard to plough under. The most beautiful eperaiion which I have ever seen was the turning of clo ver lay, and the most annoying and vexatious the ploughing under of a luxuriant crop of pea vines. These disadvantages probably retarded the general use of the pea as a part of our farm economy ; and it was not until the enthusiastic endorsement of this crop by Mr. Ruffin, the distinguished farmer and scientist, and more re cently the splendid success of Dr. Ravenel* in what is known as the “Ravenel System,” that attention has been drawn to the pea fallow and it has now become under modifications suggested by experience a most val uable part of our improved system of farming. How. shall we use the pea as ma nure for our lands ? The ideal plan would he to adopt the four field ro tation as reeqnimended by Mr.. Ruffin and to give up a portion of the farm to this crop for the entire year. This would.relieve the labour and anxiety of planting which now presses pain* ftiily npon the farmer at a most crit ical period. But as I do not practice this myself it would be in poor taste to recommend it to others, and to urge, as is often done, that in older countries where land is worth hun dreds of dollars per acre it is found good farm economy to give a portion of the farm to a crop solely for . the benefit of the land. The truth is we are spoiled by our splendid climate. We can here plant a pea crop after the grain has been harvested, and are thus tempted to save the use of our land ; so that the cultivation of the pea for manure or for stock is limited to our oat and to our corn fields. ’ How shall we plant peas with our corn ? The temptation is to get as many peas us possible and this, 1 think, often leads to injury. I have seen acorn crop injured to more than the value of the peas by injudicious planting. If I can get one good row of peas in my corn rows seven feet apart I am satisfied, and he who at tempts more than this runs the risk of losing more in his corn crop than he will gain in the improvement of his land. I have never been able to plant satisfactorily peas broadcast among my corn. Of course it is of ten done, but in my experience a depth of ploughing sufficient to cov er the peas will be very apt to injure the corn. mire or rotation. I have seen upon my own farm, fields so pea sick that the plants would die soon after ger mination. The remedy for this is to manure with the ash elements. It seems unnecessary to furnish nitrogen in any form. How legumenous plants get their nitrogen is a point very much discussed and not yet settled by scientists. The late experiments ot Sir John Lawes seems to establish the fact that they get it through their roots from the free nitrogen of the atmosphere permeating the soil. If this is correct this class of plants can never want for this precious ele ment. Under the “Ravenel System” only the ash elements are furnished in a very crude state and splendid results have always followed. I have thus presented some thoughts n})oii the leading points connected with pea culture without entering upon details which would bc impossihle in the limits of an es say. It is unnecessary for me to urge upon the farmers of this section to cultivate the pea as a renovator of onr soils. If there is an idea which lias taken strong hold upon the popu lar mind it is t he Wdot/vertiiAtfO perf fallow.' It is therefore important that the principles which underlie its use should be understood, and to throw some light upon it is the pur pose of this essay. So strongly does this pea idea prevail that there is danger of its being carried too far. The farmer who would now allow his oat or rested fields to grow up in- weeds would he thought quite behind the age. This may be an error under certain circumstances. Weeds cost nothing and they certainly furnish a large amount of humus and are there fore valuable, and one at least with which I am familiar docs contain a certain amount of nitrogen. The rag weed has long been regarded as good stock food and a good farmer, Mr. J. W. Watts, uses it extensively as forage. Now what will feed an animal will certainly feed the lower organism of a plant and we might safely regard it us a fertilizer. I was pleased to see in the last State Agricultural Report, a most valuable work, an analysis of this weed hy Professor Burney, from which it seems that one ton, a fair yield per acre, contains about seven dollars worth of fertili zing matter. This is of course po tential and wcfuld hardly be realized, but is a pretty good return for the use of the land. This weed grows abundantly on my farm and I have several time allowed it to take my fields when not able to plant peas anil in so doing I do not admit that I was guilty of poor farming. I do not How shall we plant our oat hind ! niean t( > institute « comparison be- in peas—broadcast or in the drill v tween the rag weed and the pea in This will be decided by convenience 1 fertility, but only to give a crumbof and the use for which the cropis in-j comfort to farmers who, like myself, tended. My own plan is to sow broad- are llo t always able to do what they cast when possible, and wheJ#not, know is best. then in the drill from time to time f have thus far treated of the fer- as the seasons allow. | tility of the pea. Allow me to draw Shall the vines be turned under of y° lir attention for a moment to its cut for forage ? The latter is the mechanical effect npon the soil. Ev- general practice aud is one of those S e T one wll ° ,)as observed the growth modifications of which I have spoken;! of peu* must have remarked the mel- which relieves the problem of the '“W and friable condition in which it management of the vine. Ifthepur- leaves the soil. This results frotif pose Is to improve the land as! the growth and expansion of its large rapidly as possible then the whole | rootage forcing the particles crop should Ite returned to the soil. But it is not economical. It is esti mated that a good crop of peas, say two tons, contains o’ er one hunred pounds of nitrogen—the equivalent of earth apart. Nor is this confined to the soil proper but ex tends deep into the subsoil. Dr. Ravenel used to say that he wanted no better subsoil plow than the pea. in this elciifcnt of nearly one ton of My attention was drawn several years cotton seed meal, kt this day of; a ft«> to a remarkable instance of this somewhat scientific funning, what effect. One of the host farmers of would be thought of a farmer who would use t hat amount of a so poorly balanced manure ? The practical result lias been that there is very lit tle difference in the subsequent crop where the vines have been eutornot, showing that the roots and stubble contain nitrogen enough. It is there- good farm economy to save the vine for forage, the value of which would more than supplement this nitrogen with the other elements of plant food. But where the vines are to be cut not less than two bushels of seed should be planted. A very common practice is to sow a half bushel of peas and even less per acre, relying upon this with grass to make a forage crop. This generally succeeds and yields a large amount of valuable forage, but there are not pea roots and stubble enough for the improvement of the laud, if the vine is left for manure, at what the county told me that he had . been disappointed in his pea crop. He had planted a part of a field in peas, ploughed them in dry and to his sur prise and disappointment the bad ef fect upon the oat crop was seen to the row. Now the land upon which this occurred was familiar to me, a stiff pipe clay with u most tena- eiou subsoil, just the sort : of land which did not admit of subsoil- iug without underdrainage. My friend’s land had been injured by injudicious, though unintentional subsoiling, with tile bad effect which might have been expected. A re* markable illustration of the root power of the pea. What a boon to the farmer is this our pea crop—food for his stock, food for his crop, a plough for his land before widen the most stubborn soils soften and mellow, -Subscribe for- THE HERALD Published every Wednesday at Darlington, S» C., at the low price of $1 PER YEAR. A. G. KOLLOCK, Proprietor. In Politics, the paper will be democratic to the core, and if you are a Democrat you ought to take it and keep posted as to the principles and purposes of the party. We shall favor any enterprise that tend to build up our town or county. wil Any book not in stock r Everything you want in the Stationery Line can be boughtat The Darlington Book Store. , TERMS CASH. DARGAN & LIDE, Proprietors. EDWARDS, NORMENT & CO. I Low Prices! We will goods, and market. take pleasure in showing o ar guarantee prices with a! iy A Choice fresh Family Groceries constat) ly arriving. Edwards, Norment & Go., DARLINGTON, S. C. SAVINGS BANK. THE BANK OF DARLINGTON Has Opened a Savings Department, And will receive deposits of One Dollar and upwards, and pay quarterly interest on the same, at the rate of 5 per cent, per annum, under regulations to be made known at the Bank. This is a favorable opportunity for Farmers, Clerks, " 1 ' , Laborers, and Factory Operatives, To Save Their Earning's. W. C. COKER, President. BRIGHT WILLIAMSON, Cashier. The principles of the Farmers’ Alliance mil always find an advocate in the .Herald. Our opinions on all subjects aftecting the public weal or woe will be expressed without fear or favor. Address all communications to A. S. McIVER, Editor Herald, THE DARLMDTOH HERALD. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR. C. ALEXANDER. Public Square. Darlington, S. C. Is now better prepared than ever to serve customers with the usual full stock of Grocerie, Wines, Liquors, Tobacco and Cigars. C2F"A large quantity of Ice just received. The many customers of this well known establishment throughont Darlington County are guaranteed that a continuance of their patronage will mean for them “Tin Best Goods For Tie Least” " F. E. NORMENT, FIRE INSURANCE AGENT. Represents Several of the largest and oldest companies in the world. Insures all kinds of property, including gin houses, in any part of the county. tyOffice adjoining Joy & Sanders’ Dry Goods Store, S? 4