The Darlington news. (Darlington, S.C.) 1875-1909, September 26, 1889, Image 1
VOL. XV. NC 39.
l^OO-A-X. ITEMS.
DARLINGTON, S. 0, THURSDAY. SEPTEMBER 26. 1889.
WHOLE NO 767.
WAI»I>Y THOJIl'MOV,
Local I'dlior.
Mr. S. Marco has returned
from his usual summer trip to
the North.
Hon. B. W. Edwards has re
turned from his summer trip to
Bedford Alum Springs, Va.,
The exercises of Mrs. D. D.
Spain’s school for small children
will be resumed on October 1st.
Mr. B. K. DeLorme, at the
depot, is offering 20 cents a bush
el for cotton seed.
Miss A. C. Player will take a
small number of pupils, term
beginning September 30th, 1889.
Miss G. H. Dargan will re
sume her lessons in music at the
residence of Mr. L. E. William-
ons.
Cotton is still coming to town
in large quantities. Nearly 3,000
bales nave already been shipped
from this depot. Middling is
bringing 10*.
Eleven bales of “Alliance
bagging” were received at the
depot yesterday, and the farm
ers who gave orders for it can
be supplied.
Mr. Henry M. Smith has re
turned from his scholastic la
bors at Poughkeepsie and a sub
sequent tour through the East
ern States.
H. S. Solomon, colored, the
apostle of the new religion
known as the “Christ Light”
will air his doctrines at Mul-
drow’s Mill on Saturday and
Sunday next.
Mr. Marion Hart, of Philadel
phia township, lost'hisgin house
by fire on Monday night, and
50,000 feet of lumber which was
stored in the building was also
destroyed. There was no insur
ance and the loss is about $750.
Oji Monday, Tuesday and
Wednesday of this week the col
ored children were examined at
the colored Baptist Church for
admission into the Mayo School.
Applicants for admission to St.
John’s Academy will be exam
ined at the Opera House to-day,
to-morrow, and the next day.
Amos Leek, a colored man em
ployed at the depot, has received
information from his old home
in Anson County, N. C., of the
death of his father. The older
Leek was in the 105th year of
his age, and was the father of
twenty children, the oldest of
whom is now 72 years old. A
host of descendants, represent
ing several generations, mourn
the decease of the patriarch.
Death of Mr. Johu K. Schmid.
Mr. John E. Schmid, a well-
known citizen of Darlington,
died on Monday night, after an
illness of about three weeks. Mr.
Schmid was a native of Wurt-
emberg, Germany and, at the
time of his death, was fifty-
eight years of age. He had re
sided in Darlington for twenty
years where he conducted a bak
ery. He was an honest, up
right man and had the respect
of every one. Besides his wife,
one son and two daughters sur
vive him. Mr. Schmid was a
member of the old St. David’s
Lodge, A. F. M. The funeral
services were held at the Pres
byterian Church on Tuesday af
ternoon, and the remains were
interred in the church yard.
DeatbotMre. C E. Hymcs-
Mrs. C. E. Hymes, the well
nown landlady who has had
barge of the Darlington Hotel
ver since the war, died sudden-
jr of apoplexy on Thursday af-
jrnoon last. Mrs. Hymes had
een unwell for some weeks but
o one dreamed that the indis-
osition would terminate so
atally. She was the daughter
f Mr. Hiram Rugg, an old time
itizen of Darlington. Herhus-
and, two daughters and a son
urvive her. The eldest daught-
r is married to Mr. G. C. Cole,
f Florence; the second is the
rife of Mr. C. Alexander, of
bis place. The son Mr. H. A.
lymes, a distinguished gradu-
te of the South Carolina Col-
3ge, is studying for the Presby-
erian ministry at Hamden-Sid-
ey College, Virginia. Mrs.
lymes was the possessor of
ome excellent qualities. Of an
nusually kind heart, she was
Iways found in the homes of
hose who were suffering from
ickness and poverty. The re
gains were interred in the Meth-
dist graveyard on Friday, in
be presence of a large concourse
f friends.
“The Darliafftou P*t«nte<l Doable-
Action Seven-Chamber Fire Alarm.”
Fire broke out in Mr. D. S. Mc
Cullough's kitchen on Sunday
last about two o’clock. As the
town bell has not yet been plac
ed hi position, the “Darlington
patented 'double-action seVen-
chamber fire alarm” gave the
notice in the usual way. For
tunately no damage was done;
there were few people on the
streets at that hour, sp nobody
was shot, and the flames on Mr.
McCullough’s premises were
promptly controlled.
Another incipient fire occurred
on Mondav morning in a bed
room on the third floor of the
Enterprise Hotel. This was also
promptly checked, but not be
fore the bedding in the room
was completely destroyed and
the furniture badly damaged.
As the “Darlington patented
double - action seven - chamber
fire alarm” was not heard on
this occasion, we presume that
the authorities are endeavoring
to check the evil practice,
and that they propose to make
an example of those who used
the alarm on the Sabbath day
to the imminent danger of the
women and children who were
returning from church.
A Gala Day for The Alliance.
Thursday last, the long ex
pected day when Col. Ben]. Ter
rell, the Lecturer of the Nation
al Farmers’ Alliance, was to
address the members of the Or
der in this County, dawned
bright and beautiful, a typical
Southern autumn day, and one
which was in every way suita
ble to the gala occasion. At an
early hour swarms of people
could be seen arriving from
every direction, and wending
their way in the direction of the
Fair Grounds, preceded by a
spirited brass band, which had
been specially engaged for the
occasion by the County Alli
ance. Col. Terrell, accompan
ied by his wife, had arrived the
night before and was quartered
at the Enterprise Hotel. At
eleven o’clock he was driven to
the Fair Grounds by Mr E. M.
Williamson, behind a handsome
pair of blacks, and was escorted
to the band stand in the centre
of the trotting course, from
which place he was to deliver
his address. A short time was
spent in introducing a few of
the local leaders of the Alliance
to the distinguished visitor. Col.
Terrell then ascended the stand,
accompanied by several disting
uished gentlemen and the news
paper reporters.
By this time'the mass of vehi
cles which covered the surface
of the Fair Grounds in every
direction were relieved of their
occupants, and a perfect sea of
eager, interested faces gathered
around the speaker’s stand. The
crowd has been variously esti
mated at from 1,500 to 2,000 per
sons, but it would be perfectly
safe to say that, if anything, it
even exceeded the latter figure.
It was undoubtedly the largest
and most representative body of
men which has assembled with
in the borders of Darlington
County in a half a score of years.
Everyone was arrayed in his or
her best for the great event;
every one was in a good humor,
and It was, in brief just such an
assemblage as would have done
credit to any County in the
Southern States. A large num
ber of ladies graced the occa
sion with their presence.
The sentiment of the audience
on the all important “Cotton
Bagging” question manifested
itself in numerous external sym
bols. Quite a number of the
Alliance men wore bands made
of cotton cloth on their hats,
while one enthusiastic member,
Mr. G. B. Howie, was enveloped
in an overcoat of that material.
A flag made from the cotton
covering floated gaily aloft from
the top of the speaker’s stand,
and swayed gracefully back and
forth in the gentle wind.
At 12 o’clock Mr, Lucas Mc
Intosh, the president of the
County Alliance, opened the
proceedings by introducing the
Rev, Simpson Jones, who offer
ed a fervent prayer for divine
guidance. Capt. E. E. Evans,
in a few eloquent and well cho
sen remarks, then introduced
Col. Benj. Terrell, who advanc
ed to the front and began his
address. Col. Terrell is a large
man, of fine presence, and is an
excellent speaker. His entire
address, which consumed an
hour and a half, was delivered
without notes of any kind and
he did not hesitate once for a
word, appearing to possess in a
high degree the happy faculty
of always having the right one
to put in at the right place. His
1 speech was in excellent temper,
being absolutely devoid of harsh
expressions of any kind, and he
gave some excellent advice. His
remarks were tinged through
out with a fine sense of humor;
which brought forth frequent
and spontaneous laughter from
his audience. An earnest and
attentive expression was visible
on every face in the vast throng,
and it is not going too far to say
that when he concluded no one
in the entire assemblage was
tired of listening.
Of course, it would be impossi
ble to report such an address in
full, and it would be equally im
possible for our readers to ap
preciate its unusual merit from
a mere abstract. The speaker
began by showing the terrible
evils of the credit system, and
pointed out to the farmers that
the Alliance is the only means
presented them of outliving it.
The Alliance is not only valua
ble for its social features, but it
makes men more honorable and
influences them to pay their just
debts. The poorer farmers are
often unable to conduct their
business without credit, and one
of the chief objects and aims of
each Sub-Alliance is to manage
this matter of credit for its mem
bers in an advantageous man
ner. The farmers of Georgia
and Texas are now borrowing
their money at 8 per cent, by
this means, and are buying for
cash. The Alliance men of Geor
gia say that they are able to
hold all the cotton in that State
to-day. The speaker then re
ferred to several articles in fa
vor of jute bagging which had
appeared in the papers recently,
and which he said bore “F. W.
Wagener’s *ear-marks.’” He
urged the necessity of unity, and
the importance of the members
of each Sub-Alliance acting as
if they were of one family. One
can’t sell his cotton whenever
he feels like it, and leave the
others to make the fight alone.
They must all, stand together
and hold their cotton when the
Alliance commands it. “Suck
a course, for instance, will prove
the only hope against the crush
ing jute trust,” said the speak
er as he pointed proudly to the
cotton flag waving above him.
“Every member of the Alliance
is solemnly pledged to use noth
ing but cotton. Jute ran up as
high as 16 cents last year, and
if it had not been for the firm
stand taken by the Alliance
men it would be there again to
day. What else under heaven
could have brought it down?
Don’t use jute; if any of you
have used it this season, stop it.
The merchants have not stood
by us in this matter, but they
can do it yet if they want to,
and can help us put aside the
use of jute. Above all things,
my brethren, let me exhort you
to stand together. Lay aside all
ill feeling. Urge all who are not
now members of the Order to
come into it.” The speaker then
made a strong appeal in favor of
the Order, alleging, in passing,
that it was non-political in its
character, and he presented its
many benefits in a striking light.
A colored man in the audience
here called out, “Do you mean
colored mens must come in too.”
“Yes,” said the speaker em
phatically, “in their own Alli
ance.” The address was closed
with some pretty sentiment di
rected to the ladies, and an earn,
e s t exhortation that they
strengthen the resolution and
action of their sterner sex by
becoming members of the Order.
At the conclusion of Col. Ter
rell’s oration, the Alliance men
and their friends repaired to
dinner. At three o'clock in the
afternoon a secret meeting of
the Alliance was held in the
Court House, at which the Na-
tioqal Lecturer was present.
There was but one sentiment
expressed on the subject of the
address by all who heard it, and
that was that it was remarkably
fine. All who attended passed
a pleasant day, and those who
were absent missed a great treat.
It has had the effect of increas
ing the interest in the Alliance
in this County ten fold. No one
who listened to such remarks as
Col. Terrell made could fail to
be benefited, whether he be
farmer, merchant, preacher,law
yer or doctor. All honor to him
and to the kindly, generous
manner in which he imparted
good advice and told wholesome
truths 1
aMILAND.
—We are having more rain.
—Fruit in this section is near
ly gone.
—Mr. J. J. Smith has opened
a stock of goods at Ashland.
—Fanners are gathering their
forage sown after oats, and the
yield is good,
—We have a bright prospect
for an unusual crop of peas if
the seasons are favorable.
—It seems that according to
reports the wild man has made
his appearance in these regions.
His visits seem to be strictly
nocturnal.
—The “Alliance bagging” has
arrived at last; and is being
rapidly used. Just as soon as a
farmer gets a load he is seen
wending his way to the nearest
or highest market. It makes us
smile to sell cotton at the present
prices.
DOVESVILLR.
—Our Mr. J. A. Butner, the
tobacco manufacturer, of Win
ston, N. C., will be in Darling-
top on next salesday when he
will be pleased to meet his nu
merous friends and customers,
—Miss Lillian G. DeLorme
and Dr. Gustave A. Norman
were married at the residence of
Mrs. A. Dove on Thursday
morning 26th inst., by Rev. L?
C. Dowell, and accompanied by
friends, left on the next train
for Walhalla, bearing with them
the best wishes of the entire
community for their future wel
fare and happiness.
w •
LYDIA.
—Mr. N. L. Harrell, of Dar
lington, was visiting a few of
his many friends last Sunday.
—Dr. W. L. Galloway return
ed home on Wednesday,the 18th
inst. after a long stay at Cleve
land Springs.
—Miss Maggie Goodson, one
of Lydia’s sweetest lasses, has
been very ill for some time, but
we are glad to learn that she is
rapidly improving.
—Miss Nellie Parrott, of Flor
ence, who has been spending a
few weeks with relatives at this
place, and who, during her stay
with u» won hearte amtfrtends,
left here last week causing sor
row to her many friends.
—From what we can see and
hear of our neighboring village,
Oats, it is surely progressing.
This we judge from the fact
that it can support two dudes
while Lydia at present can’t af
ford one.
—On last Saturday afternoon
Lydia was given a tree concert
by the colored brass band of Cy
press which passed through and
rendered “Sweet Bye and Bye”
for us. After this two white
sports of the same place follow
ed with an accompaniment.
—On Thursday of last week
the attention of all at this place
was att racted by the shrill voices
of Mr. J. H. Appelt and Eddie
McKee who were in the cotton
field of Mr. M. Marco. Each
had a half rail, the cotton being
nearly as high as their heads,
nothing could be seen but the
flying cotton leaves, bolls and
dust. After the battle it was
discovered that they had cap
tured a monsterous black snake,
no less than fifteen inches long.
CLYDE.
—We have some very fine
weather now for late fodder and
cotton picking.
—Mr. J. p. Walters is doing
well in his brick business. We
wish him success.
—Miss Nenah Outlaw is slow
ly recovering from a few days
severe attack of fever.
—Mr, Stephen Parnell of our
midst is very ill with bilious
fever. We hope he will soon re
cover.
—Mr. J. C. Watkins, the oldest
sonof Mr.G.E. Watkins, was bit
ten on the left foot last week
by a small rattle snake. The
wound is very painful but not
serious.
—Master M.D. Smith youngest
son of Mr. and Mrs. J, A. Smith is
very ill, but under the skilful
treatment of Dr. B, S. Lucas, he
is improving and we trust the
little fellow will soon be restored
to his health.
—On September 11, while Mr-
J. R. Riddle and lys wife were
cutting hay, the latter was bit
ten, near the ankle, by a huge
rattle snake. Every effort was
made to save her, but in vain,
for she passed peacefully away
after lingering about twenty
hours. Her remains were in
terred in the Tabernacle Church
yard in Chesterfield County.
Besides her husband, Mrs. Rid
dle leaves three children and a
host of warm friends to mourn
her loss. The snake was four
and a half feet long and when
killed eight rattles and a button
were found upon it.
CYPRESS.
—The health of our communi
ty is very good.
—Dr, J. M. Josey’s friends
and the public generally will be
glad to learn that he has recov
ered from his recent illness and
is able to attend to his profession
al duties again.
—Blind stagers exists to a con
siderable extent among stock in
this community. Mr. L. D‘.
Vaughan and Mr. T. J. Price
each lost a horse last week’from
that disease. The cause is said
to be that the stock is allowed
to remain too long in the pas
ture in the hot sun.
—Our town is still improving.
Mr. 0. 8. Huggins has opened
up a general merchandise busi
ness in Dr. Josey’s corner store
house. We also have a first-
class photographer in town. He
invites the public who wish good
pictures taken at very cheap
rates to call and see him. His
tent is located in rear of J. A.
Du Bose’s store.
—-Cotton is coming in very
slowly on account of late stands
last spring. We have been look
ing for the Alliance bales to
make their appearance in town
in full uniform of cotton cover
ing, but they have failed to
make their appearance so far.
On the other hand, we see our
Alliance brethren covering their
cotton all over with jute bag
ging. This don’t look like break
ing the jute trust.
LAMAK.
—On last Sunday a Baptist
Church, under the name of Mt.
Carmel, was organized at Car
ter’s Cross Roads, about throe
miles above this place with
twenty members.
—On Wednesday night of last
week a hot supper was served
at the Academy for the purpose
of raising funds for repairing
the Methodist Church at this
place. The receipts amounted
to $30.85.
—Nelson Benjamin, colored,
whom Justice Morris had locked
around the ankles and confined
in an old store on last Saturday
evening until he could arrange
for conveying him to jail, broke
the locks after the shades of
night had fallen and took up the
job of burning the wind. So
Benjamin is gone.
—Lamar is on a boom. Mr.
T. F. Wilson has bought the
store lot and dwelling of Mr, G,
W. Morris and has opened a
stock of goods. Mr. Elias
Wright has removed his busi
ness to his large new store
where he will welcome his old
time customers, and Mr. Yancy
Scarborough is in store No. 2,
which was formerly the proper
ty of Mr. G. H. Mims, where he
is handling a stock of light and
heavy groceries. All these ad
ditions, together with our regu
lar line of merchants, may suc
ceed in capturing all the loose
boodle' of our sunburnt, weath
erbeaten, grass bitten farmer.
We wish them success and the
other fellow too.
Tribate ot Respect-
Whereas, an all-wise Provi
dence has seen fit to remove
from among us a brother. Now
t lerefore be it
Resolved 1st. That while we
bow in humble submission to the
will of God, yet, in the death of
Bro.A. Manne, the K. of P. have
lost a very enthusiastic member
and a faithful worker—he was
ever ready to do all in his power
to advance the interest of his
lodge and the Order in general
—and in hie last illness his
greatest pleasure was derived
from visits from his brother
Knights,
2nd. That a page of our min
utes be inscribed to his memory
and that a copv of these resolu
tions be mailed to the bereaved
family of our deceased brother
and also copy furnished The
Darlington News for publica
tion.
Geo. Onslow,
W. A. Pabbott,
8. Lewenthal.
Committee.
Sept. 3rd,1889.
Maples on the Fnee-
Denote an impure state of
blood and are looked upon
many with suspicion. Acker 1 .
Blood Elixir will remove all im
purities and leave the complex
ion smooth and clear. There is
nothing that will so thoroughly
the
Sr
vjzm
THE
IlftESl
Red
- OF -
Rust
and strengthen
tem. Sold and
Dr. J. A. Boyd.
the whole sys-
guaranteed by
“Hackmetack,” a lasting and
fragrant perfume. Price 25 and
$0 cents. At Boyd’s %
Proof
MUU
- BY -
Outs
E. L. MURRAY,
Architect tad Superintendent
Plftnfc anfl specifications furnished
on shbrt notice and reasonable terms.
Corraspotnlwwe and examination of
work solicited. , '
Sep. 13, W-tf*
examination of teacher*,
The anhhal examination for Teaeh-
ers of the Public School# will be held
00 . the “ro* .Friday uv
October, for one day, to comtnfeoce at
10 o'clock and close at 4.
By order the State Superintendent
of Education.
W. H. EVANS,
School CommlMioper,'
Sep. 12; 89
McCtkgh, kM & Ci,,
Darlington, S. C.
September 2fl, 1888—tf.
S.
Alliance Meeting.
A meeting of the Darlington Coun-
ntnwu' A1
Farmers’ Alliance will be held at
ie Court House on Friday, October
4th, at 11 o'clock A. M.
H. LIDE LAW,
„ . Secretary.
Sept, M, '89.
' Cotton Seed Wanted.
By the latter part of the present
week I will have my scales in position
at the depot, and will he prepared to
give $18.88 a ton or 90 cents a bushel
for cotton seed. This price is, of course,
subiect to change at any time without
notice. B. K. DeLORME, Agt.
Sept 26, '89—
IfTMi’s icimiT
SOCIETY TULL, 8. C.,
PROF. J. C. C. DUNFORD, A. M.,
Principal.
This School will open Tuesday, Octo
ber 1st, 1889.
The beauty, UoalthfulnoM and reli
gious atmosphere of the place are pro
verbial. Excellent accommodations
near the Academy for a limited num
ber of boarding pupils. Beard and
Tuition very reasonable.
For further information, apply to
REV. JOHN STOUT,
Cbra’n Board of Trustees.
Sept. 26, '89—?t
Men’s and Bays’ Clothing,
I would inform the public that I
have been apiwinted agent for Marx
Arnheim, the celebrated New York
C lothier, and that I now have on hand,'
i t M. Manne’s store, a full line of sam
ple F.r.n examiuatiop of whiclTls re,
spectfully solicited. Satisfaction guar
anteed. FRED LEWENTHAL,
Sep. 19,’89—4t
MW ORHU
OFFICE OF THE MAtOK, l
l)A*Li*q»o». B. C., 8*p«. 8, ’89 f
Osiususot 60. B. it foriltfcr sidslnel,
Thst on and altar ibis dstr, say |,«rsoa
or perooaa bayiag, soiling or handling cot,
ton in any »oy *ud s*oHng (bo t*wo upon
'ho Public 8i|i|«ro or Mlreoisi sball not bo
•Mowed to otoro ttioro tbnn ono hundred
bsloo it nay ono tiiuo, Provided, that
•old cotton oo olorod oholl bo within 6
foet of tbo sidewalk and anly in front of
ibo premi.ee of Mid (icroon, or another |f
espross pormiesioa if obtained froa eaid
perooa for suoh otoroge. That nay per,
son or persons violating this Ordinance,
or soy portion of same s4*|| b» stibiooied
to n flat of not loss iban Two DolUre or
not less then 4 days imprisootnest or both,
nt the dieoretion of tbo Mayor. .
All Ordinances or port of Ordinances
conflicting with tbo nbovs bo »nd the sa«n
are hvrsby repealed.
J. C. WILLCOX.
Ait..,,
8. 8. BURCH. Olork.
8ept. 6, ’19 -41.
a W. MT
Desires to say to his
manv friends andreustomers
throughout the County
that he is still to be
found at his
old stand,
IW UP STAIRS,
over
Hi kliigtn Im Ofiii,
on the northeast side of the
- PUBLIC SQUARE, -
with a complete and
CHOICE ASSORTMENT
— OF —
BUGGIES,
SADDLES,
HARNESS,
WHIPS, *C.
GIVE HIM A CALL !
September 19, *89—tf
C. MOONEY,
Dealer in
|| STYLES
mu emm
ALL
©f 7
— ASD
Notice.
Applie.lion will be sisde to Ike General
Assembly of ibis Stale nt its nest session
to amend ibe Charter of The Hartsvillo R
R. Co., so ns Is authorisa Ibo estsosloo of
the road. J L. COKER.
K W. CANNON,
C. }. WOODRUFF,
J.J LAWTON.
i. L. COKKU. JR.
Directors.
Ang 29. ’89
muo,
rat Mill inn.
Darlington* S, O.
Represents some of tfee beat Com
panies on the Continent.
Office in the Bank of Darlington.
The most tboiongh satisfaction
guaranteed.
May 30, ’89-0m
R. N. NIXON k CO.,
T0NS0RIAL ARTISTS.
Hair Cot > 25 cents.
Shave • 15 M
Shampooing 95 M
Next door to Bank of Darlington.
Aug 22, ’89—jar 1
tet Unit Unit.
J. B. KILLOl’OH h»s moved to tbo
Marco Building, on Dorgnn Street, and
baa Is Mack Planes and Organs, Sheet
uuMiiug vucso win au eiiuruuKUiy Hasio and musical Merchandise, Hs is
bouses In tbo eonotrj. Hs is now pre
pared is tune sad repair Pianos and'Or
gans Joseph Lciseb is bis workmaa and
kat served his tiuv ia a masafsotory af
Pianos and Organs, t all «v writs to
B.Ii|04;U. Jr.tw.r D, Fionas*, 8.
Ws wi» -ni as ferfl
M *«, *89.
-A- XtA'RQKQ
A BSORTNENT
— or THE _
n
FURNITURE
NOW ON THE
American Market.
Aug. 22, ’89 \j
HRNBY ouvcg
ill Booii Will
oce, *• TO ah, HENRY OI
Geo. E. Toale 4 Co,
MANUFACTURERS
*-A¥P—r
WHOLESALE DEALERS IN
Doors, Sash, tyhnds,
Builders Hardware*
AN©
fintnl kiUitg UiitriiL *
OFFICE AND SALESROOMS
10 and 12 Qayae Street,
CHARLESTON, , • 0. C,
IFrite for Estimates,
May 31,1880.
For Sale.
A valuatye bouse and lot conven
iently located in the Town of Darling
ton. For particulars, apply to
„ W. DARGAN.
Sep. 19, ’89—tf.
M’CLEON m MM
AND
conns 11 ML
The beat nnd chegpeat mill o<
the market for general purpoeet
It ie the thing the plan er wanti
We gnarantpe it to make 0 bnabel
of good tabic »m1 per hour, or t
grind 6Q huabel* of option seed pc
boar. We aeii ttum
•ntee, and if it doea i
"$• to parol
Addreaefor
BROWN RcOAL
Mineral