The Darlington news. (Darlington, S.C.) 1875-1909, November 08, 1888, Image 6
* The Darlington News. [THE BHi KRITP FACTORY.
H. T. Thompson, Ed. A Prop.
To States and railroad corporations
lands aggregating 49,077,073.51 acres
have been granted. Under the I and
Forfeiture acts of 1886 and 1887, 6,S4f',-
700 acres were recovered, and by the
action of the General I^nd Orfice, 20,-
4.:2,017.3:3 acres, a total of 30,281,777.33
acres.
Another substitute for jute bagging
tm been brought forward by a Louisiana
factory, says the Farm, Field and Slot!,-
man. It is a heavy cotton cloth termed
“osnabergs,” and suificiently open to
permit proper ventilation. Trusts ns
well as necessity may prove to be the
mother of invention.
un m THE OH EAT
•TEEL W0EX8 AT
XBOH AMO
ISH.
The latest astounding move on the part
of the medical profession is the use of
ice bags in pneumonia. The Medic il and
Svrgiral R j+iter gives the details of the
treatment and says it is especially effec
tive in broncho pneumonia with chil
dren. The younger the child the moro
resironsive it is to the treitment.
Mr. John P. Townsend, in an address
on the saving* banks in the I nited
Nates, stated that the average expense
of savings bank management in thirteen
States is less than one-third of one per
cent., the average interest paid is nearly
four per cent; in the six New England
States the average is greater than four
percent., in Vermont it was four and a
half per cent, and in Ithode Island 4 7-10
per cent, was paid in 1387.
- m ■ 1 j
Three French soldiers of the 114th
Pegiment were condemned by their ofli-
eer for minor offenses during the recent
manu'uvres to run for three hours, c ar
rying their rifles and fully equipped.
One named Vallad fell down exhausted
at the end of two hours. The otlicer in
sisted upon his being made to get up
and go on, saying that he must “keep on
till he dropped dead.” Vallad rose and
shot himself dead.
The Undertakers’ Association during its
session at Toronto, Ontario, Canada, had a
jolly dinner. Cotfin shaped [dates, knives,
forks and napkin rings with coffin hand
les attached, jellies in the shape of urns,
newly made graves, etc., added to the
delights of the occasion, declares the
New York World, and thinks that not
since the historic Egyptian banquets, at
which skeletons were seated, has any-
thing quite so lugubriously merry as this
Toronto dinner taken place.
Probably the tallest chimney in the
world is one that is being erected at
l ast Newark, N. J. Its diameter at the
base U 28 feet, and it is to be 9 feet in
diameter at the top. It is to be of solid
brick to an altitude of 310 feet. A cast-
iron rim 20 feet in diameter and a bell
will surmount the whole, making the
total altitude of the Siructure 3:;i feet,
t’ne million seven hundre 1 thousand
bricks will be used in its construction,
and its cost will Ire $8’,(>0'».
Elder Joseph Harvey, of Pittsfield, N.
H., who recently preached a sermon on
ttc fiftieth anniversary of his ordination
as a preacher, has been longer in the
pulpit than any clergyman in New Eng-
lar.d. lie has averaged four sermons a
week during these fifty years, and the
total is 10,400 disco irses. He h it con
ducted 2000 funerals, and so many wed
dings that he has lost track of the num
ber; and ho has preached in every town
in the State, in nineteen States and Ter
ritories. and ia three of the Uritish Ter-
titories.
Nearly 13,000 Mea Employed-How
the Employe* of This Gigantic
Workshop Are Governed.
The steel-casting works of Krupp at
Essen, Gcmany, says a Philadelphia
Frees correspondent, cover an area of
about H’bO acres land in which ! 1,211
men are employed in the production of
steel, and also in the manufacture of
countless different articles, such as axles,
wheels, etc., for locomotives and rail
road carriages; rails, switches andsiei p
era for rai.ways, tramways and mining
railways; springs—s|>iral and leaf—for
locomotive-* and carriages; parts tof nil
kinds of machinery u^ed for any purpose;
bridge material and roll*; material fo'
large pum| s as used in mines; all requi
site steel and iron material for the build
ing of ships of all sizes, for war and
commercial purposes; cannons of every
caliber—the production of them having
exceeded 2(1,000—and last, gun cart
ridges, artillery wagons and shots.
The gross production of iron and steel
average* 280,000 tons per annum.
l or accommodations of traffic and
shipping in the establishment arc used
28 locomotives with 883 freight car
riages. About 3 > miles of narrow and
broad gauge railroad line is laid through
the establishment. One chemical labors
tory, one photographic and one litho
graphic studio, one printing office and a
book-binding establishment are at work
for the sole use of the firm. Telegraph
and telephone i ommunication goer all
over the factory and an engine company
with (38 firemen and 38 fire alarms is also
there for the benefit of the establish
ment.
The entire establishment is surrounded
by a high wall or a fence. There are
only certain gates where the workmen
are allowed to enter. Th a is done for
tho purpose of having them under
thorough control. The relationship be
tween the firm and the workman cannot
be better illustrated than to compare it
with a largw family. Krupp and ids
officiiils assume the right to shape and
regulate the entire doings and existence
of their workmen, not only in the
fa tory, but also at home, and this is
how it is done. At rt >, m. the men
have to be at work. Every ore is pro
vided with a check, on which is his num
ber. When he enters the gate where he
works he puts this number into a large
box. Does he happen to be one or two
minutes late, he has an hour deducted
from his work. Is he an hour late, he
loses a quarter of a day, and so forth.
Punctuality has to be obaerved and ex
cuses are not accepted, except in un
usual cases.
The working hours are, on theavernge,
thirteen a day, with a reduction for
dinner from 12 o’clock until 1> o’clock.
The men get paid by the day, or else
they are engaged in piece work, but in
either case the wages are about the
same.
A man who works by the piece cannot
make as much as he wants to. You see,
it seems to be the principle of the firm
that no employe tuall make any more
wage# than he wants in order to maintain
himself and his family, if he has one.
Therefore, the man does not gat paid ac
cording to his ability, but more so accord
ing to what he want*. It is hard to de-
teimine the wages of the employes on
this account, in order to compare them
with American wages. Living is re
markably cheap in Germany, and the
diet is totally different from what it is in
America. y}3ut I should judge, from dif
ferent inquiries which I made ot a num
ber of workmen engaged at different
places in Krupp’s establishment, that 70
cents a day is about the avsrage pay
S’fcNS AND NOTES FOB WOMEN.
The white petticoat ia' a thing of the
put
The most fashionable wemen wear no
bustles.
1 he plain hem at the bottom is again
in vogue.
Jacket fronts are e feature in the new
tea gowos.
Few feathers are seen on the dressiest
Ml bonnets.
Fur will be much Med in trimming
Winter gowns.
Many young women Are now seek ng a
business education.
Borders ire a prominent feature of the
best stuffs this season.
Mrs. Sheridan is still young, being but
th-rty-five and beautiful.
< ueen Victoria has had wicker baskets
made lor her cats to travel in.
Strings of bonnets come from the very
back, not the ears, this season.
The C/arina is so passionately fond of
dancing that she is called “la Santerelle.”
The Duchess of Rutland has just com
pleted an excellent guide to Hamburg.
Cloth-finished flannels are the pre
ferred wear of women of taste but limited
means
Mrs. Ella Transom bis challenged
Mrs. Shaw to* whistling match for $500
a side.
Nearly all the new fail stuffs display
solid colors with stripes of differeat
weaves.
A SHAKER VILLAGE.
1 PLACE LITTLE KNOWN
THE OUTSIDE WORLD.
Hher® Marrying and Giving
*®wrriage Are Forever Ban
ished—The Women Do
Mach of the Work.
This place is perhaps little known as a
luminer reset, writes a correspondent of
he 1 ouisville C»urier-J»wnaU from
shakertown, Logan County, Ky„ yet
•ach year finds the rooms of the commo
dious hotel at South In ion occupied by
juevti who come to drink the sulphur
water and to en joy the peaceful quiet of
'bakortown. The hotel is not situated
n Sbakurtown proper, but n abort walk
I
| moving the hands ontw
fa ing each other, swaying the body and
ard and upward,
nu
bi
of an employe at Krupp’s.
at bell is
Captain Wiggins, the fortunate Eng
lishman who is opening a trade route to
Liberia through northern waters, owes
his fame to the corre t interpretation of
a single word. Tito Kara Sea has al
ways Ircen he'd to be covjred with ico
and unnavigable. Wiggins learne 1 that
hart meant black, and pondered the
fact till lie con-dud. d that a soi called
black by the natives cculd not l>c covered
by ice. Filled with this result of in
ductive reasoning, the daring Captain
has sailed the Kara Sea and shown that
cargoes may be carried through it from
England to the fertile lands of Southern
Siberia.
A striking illustrati on of the facilities
for travel which now exist is found in
trie recent departure of an excursion
from Pans for Samarcand, a city of Cen
tral As a. The wh de journey is to be
performed by railway except in a por
tion of Circiasia, when poat conveyances
will be used, and a short sea trip o
twenty hours over the Caspian Sea. Six
centuries ago the city was the capital of
one of the mightiest empires the world
has ever seen and the centre of Asiatic
learning and commerce. Forty colleges
were found within its walls, whichrfiow
surround little but gardens. Tamerlane,
the great conqueror, ia buried there, and
his tomb ia still to be seen.
Wholesale merchant* in some of the
eastern citiea, according to the Chicago
JVtw», are seriously thinking of doing
away with the “city drummer,’although
the part that functionary plays in secur
ing trade is altogether too important to
make it advisable for one firm to dis
pense with his services unless all do.
1 he wor< of the city drummer consists
in meeting customers from the country
and “amusing” them until they make
their purchases and are ready to go home.
A» may be imagined, the “amusements”
aro not always the most innocent, sod
the atrain upon the man who is con
•tantly engagid in then makes the plact
a very arduous and high priced one. ()l
late some of the merchant# have re
Bounced these methods as unbusiness
like, not to eey indecent, and it is not 1
improbable that the practice may fall en I
At 7 p. m. a great tiell is tolled in the
works, which can bo heard for miles
around, and then the worknitKi goes
home, and if you will follow me you will
see how the members of this large family
are kept depending on their “great”
father, the mighty Ktupp. A number
of stores are situated all around ia the
neighborhood, where the workman can
send his wife or his children to buy
goods on a card. Beady money is not
required of him. The clerk looks at the
card aud puts the amount of the bill
against the purchaser’s name in a large
book, and the next pay-day the amount
is taken off the man’s wages, that settles
It. In these stores anything may be had
for money—clothing, shoes, dry good a,
millinery good*, house furniture, grocer
ies, meat, etc.
Now then, the workman has come
honic, which is egain in a house belong
ing to Krupp, in the immediate vxinity
of the works, where has been erected a
pretty little village. The street are wide
aud lined with beautiful beeches on
each s de. The houses aro each sur
rounded by a large garden and each is
four stories high. In every hou°e dwell
1 five families, each home being completely
secluded from all others. The accom
modations are perfect, all modern im-
provi ments of comfort are to be enjoyed,
and the people could not wish for any
thing better. The rent is always de
ducted from the husband's wages on
every pay-day, and the worry of an ap
proaching rent-day never troubles him
very much. A small strip of a garden,
where a few vegetables may be raised,
belongs to each home too, and the people
do not nay any extra for this. Every
Wednesday and Saturday there is mar
ket held in the colony where the house
wives can go to get their provisions for
the home, buch is the home of Krupp’#
workmen, which, though it is enjoyed
by him, belong* to the master and is pro
vided for by him according to hia idea
and as he thinks proper
After supper the men light their long
pipes and they go forth to the saloon, to
sit behind their beer and talk politica,
play cords or amuse themselves other
wise. Krupp knew# this, aud he has
also provided for beer. There are eight
large beer halls and a dancing and con
cert hall, bowling alley, billiards, etc.,
w here the men get the largest and best
glass of beer for the least money.
Beside that, however, the colony has
also several schools, where everything is
taught except religion, but neverthelesa
Krupp does not object to religion, as he
has also built a fine church at the place,
and the clergyman ia paid out of his
private purse.
However, the dominant power of this
great machine of discipline does not end
yet. When the workman is sick—aye
even when he ia dead—the corporation
if Krupp still hoids out its influences
•ver him or hia family. Every workman
•s compelled, as soon as he enters into
1 he employ of Krupp, to pay to a sick
fund a small percentage of his wages.
Out of this fund the physician wilf be
paid when the laborer is aick, the chem
ist gets the payment for the medicine,
and the family of the sick father gets a
small sum to pny the ranning expenses “
the house.
trreiy into disuse;
Tho Italian Government recently
:le*red $140 by a corpse—$70 on ita go-
'og into Italy to be cremated, and $70
an the ashes when they were brought
Fanny Fern never wrote a word for
ublicaton until she passed her fortieth
irthdsy.
Plain woolens With deep borders of
cavhmere aro among the importations of
fall goods.
Mi*a Edgeworth wrote her stories in a
common sitting room, surrounded by
her family.
Twenty-three Montana mail routes are
to be run for four years by a woman,
Mrs. Ira McLane.
Mary A. Livermore began her minis
terial life in Chicago as pastor of the
Univarsalist Church.
“Dr. Harriet Jones has charge of the
Woman’s d nartment of the Insane Asy
lum at Weston, W. Y».
These a’e no p'nin, tight-fitting tailor
goWns among the fall importations of
Par s and London dresses.
Bound hats are very large and elabor
ately trimmed, but the brims are not ao
wide nor so eccentric as formerly.
Mrs. E. B. Holbrook is auperindent of
department of woman’* work in the
Minneapolis Industrial Exposition.
Many of the newest woolens show a
decided double twill with a deep rice-
lined Persian border along one edge.
Miss Barah A. Brown, of Lawrence,
Kan., is candidate for State Bupcrintend-
jnt of Public Schools on tho Prohibition
ticket.
Many fine twilled woolens have ribbon
itripes two or three inches wide in
slacks, crossbars or shaded effects woven
throughout.
T he Association for the Advancement
of Women, better known as the Woman’s
Congress, will hold its annual meeting
November 14, 15 and 16.
In China girls are not obliged to go to
school at all. Their pcsition in the em
pire is so insignificant that no provision
is made for tneir education^
Mrs. E. L. Knowles, of Montana, who
Is studying law, has been appointed
lotary public—the only woman in the
j territory holding that office.
The Empresa of Japan is rapidly be
soming the best-informed woman of her
lime. Bheis a hard student of German,
Russian, French and Italian.
Camel’s hair cheviots, soft yet fine,
Some in cloth shades bordered with a
ieeper tone, and are among the most de
sirable of all the season’s offering.
Jet-black'birds are worn with straw
lr felt hats. The black and suede
straws are faced with black velvet, a
plaiting of lace lying next the face.
Elbow ruffles of sheer muslin, simply
nemmed, and standing frills, with long
ichu ends, or else coming down the
front of the bodice, are quaintly pretty.
In England women are again taking to
wear ng gaiters. The c are made to
neasure and are of almost any kind of
doth. The favorite, however, istheor-
linary drab.
The fashionable hat should look as
;nough it had been put on w rong side
[oremost. All list trimmings are placed
ar at the back, and the front ia quite
)areof any ornament.
The wife of Benator Bherman ia one of
ffie leading horticulturists of this coun
ty. Bhe not only knows all of the at-
.ractions of the garden but understands
!»ow to make them thrive.
Mrs. Harvey, of Bhaiklin, Isle of
Wight, has founded un institution there
which is doubly philanthropic, it is a
dome for old ladies and a training-school
for servants at the same time.
Chantilly lace with leaf edges or Greek
iquures in open pattern is the favorite
sow for trimming, and ia set in two
Knife-pleated rows, turning opposite
ways, about the nacks of many new
(owns.
There is a great variety in sashes, both
is to color and stuff, but the favorites
ire the wide half belts which come down
from under t he arms, the soft, loosely-
knotted Turaish sash, and the tine di-
iphanous sash of the tint and texture of
the rainbow.
The famous “Nelly Bly,” of the New
Tork World, is a pretty auburn-haired
rirl with pretty brown eyes and sweet
face. Her name is Miss Cochrane and it
goes with without saying that it will be
famous if the young lady continues her
daring exploits in journalism.
The will of Mrs. Anne Beguin, the
mother-in-law of the charming opera
singer, Zelda Seguin, gives the latte the
innual ini crest of $2t>,0«0 on condition
that she does not again marry. The
Sgure is so small as to be of little ac-
:ount to a girl disposed to marry.
Home' says that sets of decorated china,
such as used to scT eight or ten years
igo for $80, are now put on the market
for $20. This is mainly owing to the
decline in the price paid the painters of
it A class of girls has been educated
is decorators, and do the work as well
rod far cheaper than of old.
MAm arurKT tx snAKsltTowiv.
through a dense grove of oaks leads you
m the town peopled by a queer sect.
In a walk down the one street of the
place, shaded by the interlacing blanches
af large maples Y 01 * meet Bhakers in
their broad brimmed hats and demuro
Miakcresses in their quaint garb of full
ikirtk and close fitting waists, with the
inowy kerchief crossed over their breasts
rod the Bhaker bonnet of straw, all will-
n ff . to K' ve you «nv information con-
terning their interesting village; or, if
f'ou wish, will conduct you through the
dindy yards and the various departments
)f the houses. Each house wears on its
:ront the date of its building; and an
inpreteutious little frame, bearing the
iate 1810, tells one it is the first perms-
lent dwelling erected in the town. The
iettlcment was staited here three yeaia
sarlier, the Bhakers living in cabins.
The houses since then have been large
rod substantially built, mostly of brick.
A walk through the town will show you
;he West house, bearing the date
o be the newest of the hou-es. This
louse, which is the handsomest in the
town, was built at a tost of $12,000.
The population of the village ia some-
ihing more than 200, and is divided in
families, who make their homes respec-
;ively at the North, Center, East and
West houses. The property is held in
jommon, and a man is placed at the head
>f each family, who manages the finan-
:ial affairs and directs the work of the
lousehold. I was shown the kitchen of
the Center house, with its long range,
ind its boiling pots, watched over by
pretty Bhakeresses in their becoming cos-
;umcs, at work with the famous Bhaker
pressrves.
SITAKER* AT WORSHIP.
keeping time to a very jingling song.
In this shaking the name of Bhakers
originated, and it is significant of their
indignation at the sin in their hearts.
Alter the first song they form into a
double line and march with a light, joy
ous step, symbolical of the victory over
the temptations of life. I noticed one
pretty giil in the march who seemed
1 much amused at the odd performance,
and her hand was lifted sex era! times to
her face to smooth the twitching corners
of her mouth, and to keep the demure
look which they ail wear. After the
march there is a sermon by Elder Harvey
Eads, w ho, dr essed in the whitest linen,
w ith ids snowy hair and placid counts
nance, pre-ents a picture of the pure life
of a Bhaker. Mr. Eads is a remarkable
man, and in his eighty-second year is as
hale and hearty as many men in the
prime of life. He was reared and edu
cated in thiscommttnity, and hisbookrtf
sermons on Bhaker doctrine indicate a
rare mind.
The Shakers are a charitable sect, and
in this character they are greatly im
posed upon by worthless tramps, who
join them in the winter for food and
shelter, and leave with tho first warm
days of sprng, when the farm work be
gins. Bhakertown is a. heaven to the
homeless and to the poor widow with
children. They are taken in and clothed,
fed and educated, and in return there is
little work required of them. A stroll
through tho yards will prove that with
Shakers it is not all work and no piav,
for you can see men and women, b >ys
and girls in groups under the shade
trees after their tasks are done, laughing
and ta king, reading or doing fancy
work, and enjoying life in much the
same way we of the world do.
How to SkTn a Bird.
The necessary tool, to work with area
sharp pen knile or scalpel (figure 1), a
j air of small forceps (figure 2), a jmir of
scissors (figure 3), a button hook (figure
4j, a narrow spoon, a spool of thread, a
DEEP SEA EXPLORATIONS.
8X7B XABXNB DIVERS AND THEIH
inra
is
PPLIANCES.
n
A SnAKRRFSS.
From the kitchen I went into thecool,
iark cellar, where there were thousands
jf jars, with the pink, yellow and red
preserved fruit showing through, ready
tor shipment. '( ne who has tasted the
inowy bread, for which the Bhakers are
io famous, spread with their delicious
preserves, has eaten food tit for the
(ods.
The wash department of the Center
bouse is e (ually interesting. It is a
arge, airy buihiing of brick, built in
1833, furnished with r^cks for drying
jlothcs, so that wash-day is not depend-
snt on the sun. This work is done by
:he women, as was formerly the milking;
but I was told that last spring the wome^
(truck and refused to cons : der that work
my longer within theif sphere, and now
the men wend their way morning and
svening to the milking pen.
The gardens, of 12 > acres, which are
ultivated for the reed, in which they
have an extensive trade, are marvels of
neatness, and arc cultivated largely by
the boys of the community, for laziness
is not tolerated even among children by
this thrifty, prosperous peojile. To lov-
srs of tine cattle, rt is a beautiful sight to
ree the large herds of Bhorthorn cattle
(razing in the pa turea. Mr. John
*T,I)F.R EADS irVrtlCROH COSTCWF.
Parryman, the head of one of the Shaker
families, is well known through the Bute
and in the South for his fine grade of
Shorthorns. The town is well supplied
with water-works, which, in winter, is
run by an engine, pumping from a well
Mventy feet deep, and in summer and
spring is run by a win' 1 mill.
The most peculiar part of Bhakerism,
and whst attracts large crowds from the
surrounding country and neighboiing
towns, is their form of worship. In fair
weather the public is welcomed to their
church; but in winter, the season of mud
and rain, they are excluded, for with the
Bhakers “cleanliness is next to godli
ness,” and they will allow no mud to lie
brought upon their spotless floors by
curious worldlings. When you reach
the door of the queer old church you
leave your escort, for the two hexes can
An Inquiry as to Onr Flag.
Which is the correct form; “Star,
and stripes” or “stripes and stars?”
Logically, “atripcs and stars’ is the
f • c ‘ of oi, M ....
April 4, 1818, by which our present flaj ! not sit on the same aide of the church,
it authorized, dec ares that ‘*the Hag ol 1 and when inside, jou are seated at a-afe
the l n.ted btatei be thirteen honzonta j distance from each other. Wh 1c wait
.•“ e f n * ,e •“d white, that | inu for worship to begin one wonders if
,, » DI , 0D * went J ®t*ra, white on i *1“- streeta of heaven can be cleaner than
blue field; and that, on the admission ol the floor cl the church, or the walls more
' Dt0 tlle lJn * OB > on « »t»r b* nio.les ly white. If tho weather is warm
uded to the union of the flag.” From the Bha' er comes to church without hit
tnia it ia evident that the stripes are tb< tost, and the prim Bhakereas, on coming
more important, and that therefore thej ,'emovea her straw bonnet, which i-he
•hould precede. But custom has ordained ' «n a peg driven into the wall, and
that tho start shall precede the atripee wears on her head during the services a
and a* neither name is official for th« , c»P much like a lady’s untrimmed
it doesn’t make a bit of differenco. j ^“net frame. They begin tho worship
York cun* bj standing in rows 9 tbd men nod women
Fto. 1. Fto. 2. Fro. 3. Fto. 4.
needle and a bottle of arsenical compo
sition, for which ttie recipe will be given
further on. A fair specimen being ob
tained, take some cotton wadding and
plug up the throat and
nostrils so as to prevent
any flow of blood from
spoiling the feathers,
'lake a board, lay the
bird on its back and part
the feathers from the in
sertibn of the ne k to the
tail. Cut theouter skin
the entire length, taking
care not to penetrate the
flesh too deeply, or
through the inner mera-
r io. 5. brane which covers the
intestines. The skin can then be e isily
separated from the flesh, by passing the
fingers or some blunt instrument between
the skin aud the body. By laying hold
of one leg and pushing it forward you
will be able to bring the bare knee
through the opening you have made.
With the scissois cut it off at the joint;
pull the shank still adhering to the leg
till the skin is turned back as far as ik
will go, remove all flesh and sinew from
the bone aud wrap a p cce of cotton
wadding around it,dip it in the ar<enical
composition and then pull the leg by the
claw back to its proper place. After
having done this to both legs, skin caie
fully around the back, cutting off the
tail, leaving it adhering to the skin with
that into which the feathers grow, that
is, the rump or ope’s nose.” terve
the wing-bones the same as the legs, (ut-
ting them off close to the body; next
turn the skin inside out, down to the
back of the skull, in which make a cut
of the form shown in Figure 5; with the
knife this is turned back like a trap
door, and then with the spoon clean out
the brains inside well with the arsenical
composition and fill it with cotton wad
ding.
The next operation is getting out the
eyes. 'I his is done by cutting cautiously
until the lids appear, being careful not
to cut the eye itse f, and with a pa r of
forceps, which will lie found generally
useful, pull each from its socket. Wipe
out the socket very carefully, wash
thoroughly with the arsenical composi
tion, and till it with cotton. Cut off the
neck close to the skull, wash the stump
and whole of the inside of the skull with
the composition, and the skinning is
done.
ABsortCAL composmoiv.
Arseniateof potash....2 drachms.
Sulphate of alumina. ...2 “
Powdered camphor. 2 •*
White soap, powdered.. ounce.
Spirits of wine « ounces.
Essence of thyme 3 dropr.
The arseniate of potash, sulphate ot
alumina and soap are put into a larg«
mouth bottle, and the spirits of winf
poured on them at the heat of twenty
five degrees; cork and let stand twenty-
four hours, then add the essence ol
thyme. Bhake well before it is used.
Do not use as a beverage!—America/;
Aoiicvlturist.
Star Fish and Oyster*.
The Providence Journal states that an
exhaustive study h being made of the
•tar fish and its hablti, and there is no
better place for observation than Nara-
gansett Bay. It is a singular fact that
the star fish is but little known south of
Barncgat, and (hesapeake and other
•outhern oystermen sit ier but little from
it. Oyster groweia hero never knew how
much they lost by the ravages of the star
fish until the teaton afier the 1886
ficshiL Fresh water kills the fish, and
they were about all destroyed and the
bed* cleared of them at that time. Tho
luccceding teason the yield was enor
mous. One giower states that the de-
•tructionof the fish that season trade a
difference of $2000 to him alone. They
have made their appearance again, how
ever, and th ■ same dealer estimates his
loss this season at $1000. It is doubtful
if any means will be discovered tor their
abolition other than destroying them
when caught instead of throwing them
back ovcrlonrd, as is customary among
Dangers Encountered at Great
Depths—A Teat ofCooIneea and
Endurance—A Diver’* Outfit.
Joseph Braith is one of the oldest and
most experienced practical diver# on the
Atlantic coa»t, and is at present work
ing foreman in the only manufactory of
diving apparatus in this part of the
country. What he does not know
about raattera pertaining to diving very
few men know.
What is the reason that man cannot
accomplish the feat of sub-marine ex
ploration ?
The answer to this question, given by
Mr. Smith and other old divera, is. that
man doesn’t want to attempt it. Down
to a certain depth the matter is compara
tively easy. Almost any practical diver
will go down to a distance of eighty or
100 feet and work there as coolly as on
the surface. But at a greater depth than
that there is something so weird and
strange, so uncanny, augmented by the
eternal stillness and the knowledge
that if an accident should happen
to the alender life lihe or string of
hose that supplies air to the diver, he
could never hope to rise again to the sur
face, that few men have the nerve to
undertake the decent. There have been
descents and work performed on the
bottom of the sea at a depth of 125 feet
—some unautlienticated stories name 150
feet—but no diver rau remain a^ that
depth more than half an hour at a time
Besides the sensation, which is calculated
to unnerve even a brave men, there are
physical obstacles against remaining any
longer. The chief of these is the diffi
culty of forcing air through the hose
down to that depth. A steam pump has
to be employed, and even then the air
will only come in gasps and sobs and
intermittent puffs. The immense press-
sure of the water squeezes the hose to
gether so that it can hardly be forced
through. The pressure of water is so
great about the diver’s body that it re
quires a strong man to stand it, while the
heat and perspiration induced inside the
closed armor is something fearful A
good many divers who have ventured to
great depths and remained down too
long for their strength, have come up
paralyzed.
Have there been any improvements in
diving armor of late years? None
worth speaking of. The suit is practi
cally tho same now as when first used, a
generation ago. It consists of a helmet,
a diving dress, a set of belt weights, ;i
pair of diving shoes with lead or iron
soles, rubber mittens and other articles
to correspond. The helmet is made of
copper and bell metal, in order to be as
light as possible, with glass five-six
teenths of an inch thick for the three
windows, which are guarded by wires
across the outside.
The dress is made of two plies of can-
*as with one ply of rubber between.
The air hose is made of rubber lined with
canvas. This apparatus is now the
same all the world over. Who first in
vented it has been forgotten, if it wea
ever known. There are no patents upon
it, but it would hardly pay for many
firms to engage in ita mamiiactiire, be
cause the demand is so small. Tho sale
of half a dozen suits and outfits a year is
counted a pretty fair business, besides
repairing.
The cost of an outfit varies from $400
to $1000. 'ihe co t of an air pump
varies from $1 0 to $500. This outfit is
the same that has been manufactured
here since 1"50, and which about that
time supplanted the (living bell. There
are a few diving bells ftill in existence,
but they arc never used because they are
so unhandy. A person cannot move
outside of them, but they have been
used at a depth of 150 feet.
Along the coast from Ma neto Florida
there are probably n <t more than two
hundred pr.ict cal divers, men competent
to take a job of work under water and
perform it f-atisfactorily. There are
probably two or three times that number
who have worn diver’s armor and worked
in shoal water. A good many armors
arc now employed tor going through
sewers and performing such work, the
armor being more a protection against
gas and foul air than from water. '1 he
standard Oil Company employ some
men to look after and repair its pipes
which cross the bottom of rivers, and in
which there are frequently breaks and
leaks. But these men are not termed
divers by the profession.
The most famous piece of diving work
done on this con'-t, perhaps, was at the
wreck of the steamship Oregon, outside
of Bandy Hook, about four yean ago.
Men worked there in 135 feet of water.
Although the wreck lay in clear sea
water, they found considerable difficulty
owing to lack of lights. The appearance
id objects was as though seen in a room
at night lighted only by the starssbining
through the windows, and most of the
work hud to be done by feeling. Elec
tric lights were tried with some success,
but it was too much trouble to carry
them about and keep them in good posi
tion for working by. At this depth tha
diver had to take half hour shif'a. At
a depth of eighty feet, the ordinary
diver will work ail day and ask only to
come up to his meals.—AVic JVA tton-
mercinl Adreriiser.
True Stories About Animal*.
“Well,” said the menagerie man, i*
tepiy to the reporter’s quottion, “I name
the animals according to • their dispo
sition, taste, or habits, or something.
Now this old lion for instance, I call
‘Aurora:’ ’taint grammatical, but it’s ap
propriate. I call the tiger ‘Blazer,’ be
cause he comes in stiipes; the brindled
gnu I call ‘Nothing,’ because Bolomon
says there is nothing gnu; I call tha
camel *i r.ma Donna,’ because he always
has his back up; the laojiard I call
‘Measles,’on account of his spots; the
brown bear I call ‘Lager,’ because he’s a
Brewin, and the grizzly ia ‘Bock,’ be
cause he’s a stronger Brew n. I call the
hyena‘Straggler.’Iiccause he slopes of
behind; the sacred cow 1 call ‘Chair
man,’ because she’s the boss, and the
zebra ‘Mugwump’ because he's the ‘boas
kicker.” “And what,” asked the re
porter, deeply interested in recognizing
his own long-forgotien chestnuts, “do
you «all the giro e t” “Voter,” said the
showman, for it was he. “And why?”
“Because he swallows more in the same
time and quantity than all the rest of
the menagerie.”—Lurdete in Brooklyn
Fault.
The Henson Why.
Bmall boy No. 1 (to small boy No. A
who is strutting around with his hands
in his pockets,—“Come over and play
with me, .’ohuny:”
“(an’L”
“Go ask your mother if you can’;
“Can’t ask her; she is out aomewl
looking for me.”—A(/«.
HI* Cup Was Overflow ing,
“Don't fret, John," said Mrs. Wig
gins. “You've lost nearly everything
you Lad in the world, I know, but re
member you’ve still got me.”
“I es,” said John, with another heart-
.clt groan, “That’* just what 1
thinking.’
SfcLtCf SIFT1N9&
hud-
accom-
t.”
somewhere*
waa
London contaids 120 hotpitaM.
The temple of Diana wis fodr
dred feet high.
The Koran says all fliea shall peris b-
save one, the bee fly.
> The palaces of Rome eash
modated about 350,000 people.
It is regarded as a death warning in
Germany to hear a cricket's cry.
A real, live princess keeps a millinery
store in Fifth avenue, New York.
Mr. Robert Bonner paid Mr. William
H. Vanderbilt $40,000for Maud 8.
The Tapuya Indiana in South Amer
ica say the devil assumes the form of
a fly.
In China the highest recommendation
a man can have ia the fact of his having
a wife. “
Cremation ia still illegal in France, so
Frenchmen have to go to Italy for the
purpose.
In Mexico young ladies give a few
dro|)s of their blood as a charm to the
young men.
Rain is, in some parts of our own
country, expected to follow unusually
loud chirping of crickets.
Borne interesting prehistoric relics
have just been found buried under 300
feet of lava in a table-mountain tunnel,
near Bonora, Cal.
Babylon was sixty miles within the
Walls, which were twenty-five feet thick
and three hundred feet high, with one
hundred brazen gates.
A woipan living near £he banks of
the Tiber once sold her possessions in
Borne, and it was learned that she
possessed four hundred slaves.
The Bank of England monopoly w**
established by the prohibition,.by act of
i'arliament in 1708, of any c<>iqpuny ex
ceeding six persona acting as. bankers.
Mrs. G. Booth, of Washington County!
d ed recently at Knoxville. Tenn., in
the log house she was born in, ninety-
eight years ago. Bhe had never been
away from home over five miles.
In 314 Constantine declared that
liberty waa a right which could not be
taken away, affirming that sixty years of
captivity could - uot take from the free-
I bern the right of demanding liberty.
When t^ueea Victoria went this year
from Windsor to Osborne she took a
number of her favorite cats with her, and
now every English lady takes her cats
with her from town to country or
country to town.
Mr. Dloodworth, of Griffin, Ga., has
grown this yea 1 - twelve ears of corn upon
one stalk and fourteen squashes upon a
single arm of vine, so it is entirely cred
ible that from a garden one-sixteenth of
an acre he has sold $35 worth after sup
plying his family.
One of the English regiments is ex
perimenting with a machine called a
ccntrecy le, which has four small wheels
a foot in diameter and one large one in
the center. It is sa d that the invention
makes climbing a hill as easy for a cycler
as roiling off a log.
Bumner Howard, formerly Speaker to
the Michigan House of Representatives
and now a lawyer with a fine practice
in an Arizona town, accepted a few
sharea of stock in ac undeveloped mine
last fall as a retainer in a murder case.
A few days ago he was offered $35,000
for the stock, out declined to part with
it
A modern French custom at baptisms
is that of preseutiug all the guests with
sugar almonds in a bonbonniere, which
has the appearance cf a yoU *>* parch-
ment. On this roll are inscribed tho
names of the thfliT, of the parents, god
parents, the date of the birth and christ
ening, and the name of the church where
thsceremoney whs performed.
Bailroad conductors get a great deal
of medical information and the under
standing of many helpful little schemes
in the course of a long year's run. Many
of the conductors, who, among the many
other ills aud ailing* of their passengers
have found that of a particle of dirt or
cinder in the eye to be of the most fre
quent and painful, carry with them a
supply of horse hair. Their experience
makes them experts in doubling the hair
and drawing it over the eye while the
lid is closed.
The German Soldier's Equipment.
A new outfit is being rapidly intro
duced thioucrhout the whole German
army. One, indeed, of the alterations,
ns it does not involve any new equip
ment, has been already taken up by all
the regiments—that is, the strapping of
the overcoat round the knapsack instead
of over the shoulders and across the
body. This has the great advantage of
allowing the man to breathe more freely
and to open his coat if he wishes. The
knapsac* itself has been changed and if
of a longer shape than befoie. It con
sists of two parts, the knapsack proper
and the pocket, tho former containing
the soldier's linen, the latter the famous
“pease sausage” and bacon. The belt
is, in the new otutit, all important, and
serves to make the whole equipment fast.
rom it, on the left, hangs the bayonet,
which has been so shortened that it is
'iow merely n light dagger not a foot
ong; while in front two pouches are at
tached, each containing thirty cartridges
(the non commissioned officers have
smaller pouches holding only fifteea
each). Behind ia a third pouch, which
contains forty cartridges, made up in
two pasteboard ca<-es. These are a re
serve, and were formerly kep; in the
knap-ack. By this change the soldier
carries twenty cartridges more than for
merly. On the right bangs the bread
wallet, which ia larger than the old pat
tern. It has no longer a belt of it* own,
but hangs directly from the sword belt,
thus relieving the chest. The water
flask Is hooked on the bread-wallet. The
paunikin used to be fastened in the mid
dle of the knapsack, but is now laid flat
on the top with the forage-cap, which
was formerly under the flap of the knap
sack, below it. The combined result u
that th; soldier’s chest is almost quit*
free, and that the air can circulate I*'
tween the knapsack and his buck.
can also by merely undoing his lielt takf
off the whole of his accoutrements. 1 »<
tienching tool is not carried on the sol
dier'a back, but hangs at his left «id«
with the baronet.—St. James's UaiMe.
Literary Gems That Deny Their Fa
them.
A writer cannot always get credit for
hia own, observes tho Atlanta Cons'Wf
tion. The well known poem beginninl
“There is no Death,” ia generally cred
ited to Bulwer. It was written by Editor
McCreery, of the i ubiiquo n|
1862. One E. Fulmer appropriated
them, and some printer, thinking 11'“
mer a misprint for Bulwer, corrected it,
as he supposed, fo the poem has con ‘
tinned to go the rounds with the name
of the wrong man appended to it. 1 hf r ®
ia a similar instance in the case of * 1 ®
Children,” a pretty poem usual y cred _‘
to Charles Dickens. Theae lino*
wen
written by a New York lawyer, named
Dickinson, but n mistake of the compos
itor seems to have fastened the authzr-
•hip upon the English novelist-