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■I ._) pUee Khali, wilbont regard ) conduct of ibe officers, be liable ^.jmplar; damages of not less than 13,000 to the legal representatives of the person lynched: Provided, further, That any county against which a judg ment has been obtained for damages in ■uy case of lynching shalj have the rjght to recover the amonut of said augment from the pvrties engaged in said lynching in anycourtof competent jurisdiction. __ ARTICLE VII. OOCNTTI8 AMD COtMTT OOVIBNUINT. Sec. 1. The general assembly may establish new counties in the following manner: Whenever one-third of the qualified electors withiu the area of each section of an old county proposed I cut off to form a new county tition the governor for the ' connty, setting forth and showing compli- iffth the requirements of this ar- j r the governor shall order an elec tlon, within a reasonable time there after, by the qnalitied electors within the proposed area, in which election they shall vote “fee” or "No” npon the question of creating said new county; and at the same election the qnestion of a name and a connty seat for such connty shall be snbmitted to the electors. Sec. 2. If two-thirds of thequalifiod electors voting at snch election shall vote "Yes” upon such questions, then the general assembly at the next ses sion shall establish such new county: Provided. No section of the county proposed to be dismembered shall be thus cut off without consent by a two- thirds vote of those voting in such sec tion; and no county shall be formed without complying with all the condi tions imposed in tnis article. An elec tion upon the qnestion of forming the same proposed new county ahall not be held oftener than onco in four .Sec. t- years. Sec. 3. No new county hereafter formed shall contain less than one one hundred and twenty-fourth part of the whole number of iuhabitants of the State, nor ahall it have less assessed taxable property thau 31,500,000 as shown by the last tax returns, nor shall it contain less area than 400 square miles. Sec. 4. No old connty shall be re duced to less area than 600 square miles, to less assessed taxable proper ty than Si!,000,000, nor to a smaller population than 15,000 inhabitants. Sec. 5. In the formation of new ooiinties no old coutity shall be cut within eight miles of its courthouse building. Sec. G. All new conntieift here after furuieti shall bear a just appor tionment of the valid indebtuess of the old county or counties from which they have been formed. 7. The general assembly shall power to alter connty lines at -Provided, That before any connty line is altered the tion shall be first submitted to the qualified electors of the territory pro posed to be taken from one connty and given to another, and shall have re ceived two-thirds of the votes cast: Provided, further, That the change shall not reduco the county from which the territory is taken below the limits ju-eachbed in sections 3, 4 and 5 of this article: Provided, That the prop er proportion of the existing connty indebtedness 0 f the section so trans- fer.ed shall be assumed by the county V/ which the territory is transferred. Sec. 8. No county seat shall be re moved except by a vote of two-thirds of the qualified electofs of said county votiug in an election held for that pur pose, but snch election shall not be held in any county oftener than once in five years. Sec. 9. Each connty shall constitute one election district, and shall bo a body politic and corporate. Sec. 10. The genersl assembly may provide for the consolidation of two or more existing counties if a majority of the qualified electors of such coun ties votiug at an election held for that purpose shall vote separately therefor, bnt such election shall mot be held oftener than once in lour years in the ■ame counties. Sec. 11. Each of the several town ships of this State, with names and boundaries as now established by law, shall constitute a body politic and cor porate, but this shall not prevent the general assembly from organizing other townships or changing the boundaries of those already established; and the general assembly may provide such system of township government as it shall think proper in any and all the counties, and may make special provis ion for municipal government and for the protection of chartered rights and powers of manioipahties. See. 12. Until changed by the gen- mbly. as allowed by this Con- boundaries of the several ain as now estab- the boundaries of of Edgefield shall undergo changes as are made necessary by the formation of n new county from a portion of Edgefield, to be known as ftaluda, the boundaries of which are set forth is a Constitutional ordinance. The election ordered in said ordinance fbr the location of its county seat shall be held under the Cousdtution and Ihws now of force. And the general assembly shall provide for the assess ment of property in the county of Saluda for the fiscal year beginning January 1st, 1896, and for the collec tion of said taxes wheu assessed. See. 13. The general assembly may nt any time arrange the various coun ties into judicial circuits, and into congressional districts, including the county of Huliida, as it may deem wise and proper, and may establish or alter the location of voting precincts in any county. Sec. 14. Hereafter no county lines shall be so established as to pass through any incorporated city or town at this State. ARTICLE VIIL •IftTHICIPAI. CORPORATIONS AND POLIO* RKOT’I. ATIONS. Suction 1. The general assembly shall provide by general laws for the organization and classification of mu nicipal corporations. The powers of each class shall be defined so that no snch corporations shall have any pow ers or be subject to any restrictions other than all corporations of the same class. Cities and towns now existing nnder special charters may re-organize nnder the general laws of the State, and when so re-organized their special charters shall cease and determine. Sec. 2. No city or town ahall be or ganized without the consent of the majority of the electors residing and entitled by law to vote witbin the dis trict proposed to bo incorporated; such consent to be ascertained in the man ner and nnder such regulations os may be prescribed by law. Sec. 3. The general assembly shall restrict the powers of cities and towns to levy taxes and assessments, to bor row money and to contract debts, and no tax or assessment ahall be levied or debt contra ted except in pursuance of law, for public purposes specified by law. Sec. 4. No law shall be passed by the general assembly granting the right to construct and operate a street or other railway, telegraph, telephone or eleotrie plant, or to erect water or gits works for public use or to lay mains for any purpose, without first obtain ing the consent of the local authorities in control of the streets or public places proposed to be occupied for any such or like purposes. Sec. 5. Cities and towns may ac quire, by construction or purchi-.se, and may operate water works systems and plants for furnishing lights, and may furnish water and lights to indi viduals, firms and private corporations for reasonable compensation: Provid ed, that no such construction or pur chase shall be made except npon a ma jority vote of the electors in said cities or towns who are qualified to vote on the bonded indebtedness of said cities or towns. Sec. 6. The corporate authorities of cities and towns in this State shall be vested with power to assess and collect taxes for corporate purposes, said taxes to be nniform in respect to persons and property witbin the juris diction of the body composing the same; and all the property except such as is exempt by law, within the limits of cities and towns shall be taxed for the payment of debts contracted under au thority of law. License or privileged taxes imposed shall be graduated so as to secure a just imposition of such tax npon the classes subject thereto. Sec. 7. No city or towuin thisStsie shall hereafter incur any bonded debt, which, including existing bonded in debtedness, shall exceed 8 per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein, and no such debt shall be created without submitting the question as to the creation thereof to the qualified electors of such city or town, as provided in this Constitution for such special elections; and unless a majority of such electors votiug on the question shall be in favor of creating such further bonded debt, none shall be created; Provided, that this section shall not be construed to prevent the issuing of certificates of indebtedness in anticipation of the collection of taxes for amounts actually contained or to be contained in the taxes for the year wheu such certificates are issued and payable out of such taxes: And provided, further, that such cities and towns shall on the issuing of such bonds create a sinking fund fur the re demption thereof at maturity. Noth ing herein contained shall prevent the issuing of bonds to an amount sufficient to rotund bonded indebtedness exist ing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution. Sec. 8. Citiesand towns may exempt from taxation, by general or special ordinance, except for school purposes, manufactories established within their limits furtive successive years from the time of the establishment of such man ufactories: Provided, that such ordi nance ahall be first ratified by a ma jority of such qualified electors of such city or town as shall vote at an elec tion held for that pnrpoae. Sec. 9. No armed police force or representatives of a detective agency shall ever be brought into this State for the suppression of domestic vio lence; nor any other armed or unarmed body of men lie brought in for that purpose, except upon the application of the general assembly or of the ex ecutive of this State (when the gener al assembly is not in session,) as pro vided in the Constitution of the United States. The general assembly shall provide proper penalties for the* en forcement of the provisions of this section. Sec. 10. It shall be the duty of the general assembly to creato boards of health wherever they may‘be neces sary, giving to them poweraod author ity to mske such regulatious as shall protect thtf health of the community and abate nuisances. Sec. 11. In the exercise of the po lice po-"er the general assembly shall have the right to prohibit the maun- facture and sale and retail of alcoholic liquors or beverages withiu the Slate. The general assembly may license per sona or corporations to mannfiu-tiire and sell and retail alcoholic liquors or beverages witbin the State-under such rules and restnetiuns as it deems prop er; or the general assembly may pro i hibit the manufacture and sale and re tail of alcoholic liquors and beverages within the State, and may authorize and empower the Slate, county and mnnicq al officers, all or either, nnder the authority and in the name of the State, to bay in auy market and retail withiu the State liquors and (leverages in such packages and quantities, un der snch rules and leaulatious, as it deems expedient; Provided, that no li cense ahall be granted to tell alcoholic beverages in loss quantities than one half pint, or to sell them between sun down and sunrise, or to sell them to be drunk on the premises: And provided, further, that the general assembly shall not delegate to any municipal corporation the power to issm- licenses to sell the same. Sec. 12. All prize-fighting is prohib ited in this State, and the general as sembly shall provide by proper laws for the prevention and punishment of the same. ARTICLE IX. OOBPO RATIONS. Section 1. The term corposation as used in this article inclndes all associa tions and joint stock companies having powers and privileges not possessed by individuals or partnerships and ex cludes municipal corporations. Sec. 2. No charter of incorporation shall be granted, changed or amended by special law, except in the case of such charitable, educational, penal or reformatory corporations as may lie under the control of the State, or may be provided for in this Constitution, bnt the general assembly shall provide by general laws forchauging or amend ing existing charters, and for the or ganization of all corporations here after to lie created, and any such law so passed, as well as all charters now existing or hereafter created, shall bo subject to future repeal or -alteration; provided, that the general assembly may by atwo-thirda voteof each house on a concnrrent resolution allow a bill for a special charter to be introduced, and when so introduced may pass the same aa other bills. Sec. 3. All railroad, express, canal and other corporations engaged in transportation for hire and ail tele graph and other corporations lAigaged in the business of transmittiug^intelli- gence for hire are common carriers in their respective lines of business, and are subject to liability and taxation as such. It shall be unlawful for any snch corporation to make any contract relieving it of its common law liabil ity or limiting the same, in reference to the carriage of passengers. ’ Sec. 4. Every corporation organized or doing business in this State, other than religious, educational or benevo lent associations, shall have and maintain at least one agent in this State njion whom process may be served, and at least one public office for the transec tion of its business. Provided, This section shall not apply to mercantile corporations: Provided, That nothing contained in this section shall be con strued to prohibit the general assem bly from providing for the service of process on any agent of a corporation so as to bind such coporation. Sec. 6. No discrimination in charges or facilities for transportation of the same classes of freight or pus- sengeis, or for the transmission of in telligence within this State, or coming from or going to any other State, shall be made by any railroad or other transportation or transmission compa ny betwe en places or persons. Persons and property transported by any railroad or any other transpor tation or transmisaion company or cor poration, shall be delivered at any station, landing or port at charges not exceeding the charges for the trans portation of persons and property of the same class, in the same direction, to any more distant station, landing or port. Excursion and commutation tickets may be issued at special rates. This section shall not prevent the rail road commission from making such competive rates as slisll, in their judg ment, be just and equitable between the railroads and the public, at all junctional and competive points or at points where water competition con trols the traffic or at points where the competition of points located in other States may make necessary the pre scribing of different rates for the pro tection of the commerce of this State. Sec. G. Any railroad or other trans portation corporation, and auy tele graph or other transmitting corpora tion, organized nnder the laws of this State, shall have the right to connect its roads or lines, at the Stale line, with those in other States, and shall have the right to intersect with or croas any other railroad, street railway, trans portatiou road or transmitting line, and shall each receive and transport the freight, passengers, cars (loaded or empty) and messages delivered to it by another without delay or dis crimination. Sec. 7. No railroad, or other trans portation company, and no telegraph or other transmitting corporation, or the lessees, purchasers or managers of any snch corporation, shall consolidate the stock, property or franchises of snch corporation with, or lease or pur chase the works or franchises of, or in any way control, any otheilrsilroad or other transportation, telegraph or other transmitting company owning or hav ing nnder its control a parallel or com peting line; and the question whether, railroads or other transiKirtation, tele graph or other transmitting companies are parallel or competing lines shall, when demanded by the party com plainant, be decided by a jury as in otb'T civil canoes. Sec. 8. The general assembly shall not grant to any foreign corporation or association a license to build, oper ate or lease any railroad in this State; but in all cases where a railroad is to be built or operated, or is sow being operated, in this State, and the same shall he partly in this State and partly in another State, or in other States, the owners or projectors thereof shall first become incorporated nnder the laws’of this State; nor shall any for* eign corporation or association leaseor operate any railroad in this State, or purchase the same or any interest there in. CVmaolidation of any railroad lines mid corporations in tbia State with others shall be allowed only where the consolidated com) any shall become a domestic corporation of this State. No general or special law ahall ever be passed for the benefit of any foreign corporation operating a railroad nnder an existing license of this State or un der any existing lease, and no grant of any right or privilege and no exemp tion from auy burden shall be made to any snch foreign corporation, except upon the condition that the owners or stockholders thereof shall first organ ize a corporation in this State nnder the laws thereof, and shall thereafter operate and manage the same and the business thereof nnder said domestic charter. See. 9. The general assembly shall have no power to grant any special charter for banking purposes, but cor porations or associations may be form ed for such purposes nnder general laws, with such privileges, powers and limitations, not inconsistent with this Constitutiap.^lrit may deem proper. The genera law for thoj inspection corporatior [assembly shall provide byJ, irongh examination and\ and and fiscal all banking ^p>f this State. | Bee. 10. Stuck or bonds shall not be issued by any corporation save for labor done, or money or property] actually received or subscribed; and all fictitious increase of stock or in debtedness shall be void. See. 11. The general assembly shall provide by law for the election of di rectors, trustees or managers of all corporations so that each stockholder shall be allowed to oast, in person or by proxy, as many votes as the number of shares ha owns multiplied by the number of directors, trustees or man agers to be elected, the same to bo east for any one candidate or to lie distrib uted among two or more candidates. Sec. 12. Corporations shall not en gage in any business except that speci fically authorized by tbeir charters or necessarily incident thereto. Sec. 13. The general assemhty shall enact laws to prevent all trusts, com- ibinations, contracts and agreements against the public welfare; and to pre vent abuses,nii just discrimination sand extortion in all charges of transport ing and transmitting companies; and shall pass laws for the supervision and regulation of snch companies by com mission or otherwise, and shall provide adequate penalties, to the extent, if necessary for that purpose, of forfeit ure of their franchises. Sec. 14. A commission is hereby es tablished to be known as “the railroad commission,” which shall be composed of not less than three members, whose powers over all transporting and trans mitting corporations, ar d duties, man ner of election and term of office shall be regulated by law; and until other wise provided by law the said commis sioners shall have the same powersand jurisdiction, perform the same duties and receive the same compensation aa now conferred, prescribed and allowed by law to the existing railroad commis-| sioners; provided, that the members thereof shall be elected at the expira tion of the terms of the present rail road commissioners, who are hereby continned in office for the terms for which they were elected. Sec. 15. Every employee of any railroad corporation shall have the snme rights and remedies for any in jury suffered by him from the acts or omissions of said corporation or its exployees, aa are allowed by law to other persons not employees, when the injury results from the negligence of a superior agent or officer, or of a per son having a right to control or direct tne services of a party injured, and also when the injury results from the negligence of a fellow servant engaged in another dcjiartment, of labor from that of the party injured, or of a fel low servant on another train of cars, or one engaged about a different piece of work. Knowledge by any employee! injured of the defective or unsafe character or condition of any machin ery, ways or appliances shall be no defence to an action for injury caused thereby, except to conductors or en gineers in charge of dsngerons or un safe cars or engines voluntarily opera ted by them. 'When death ensues from any injury to employees, the legal or personal representatives of the person injured shall have the same right and remedies as are allowed by law to such representatives of other persons. Any contract or agreement, expressed or implied, made by any i employee to waive the benefit of this section shall be nnll and void; and this section shall not be construed to deprive any employee of a corporation, or his legal or personal representa tive, of auy remedy or right that he now has by the law of the land. The general assembly may extend the rem - edit s herein provided for to any other class or employees. Sec. 16. All existing charters or grants of corporate franchise nnder which organizations have not in good faith taken pi tee at the adoption of this Oonslitntihn shall be subject to the provisions of this article. Sec. 17. The general assembly shall never remit the forfeiture of the fran chise of any corporation now char tered, nor alter nor amend the charter thereof, nor pass any general or spe cial law for the benefit of such cor- p .ration, except npon the condition that snch corporation shall thereafter hold its charter and franchise subject to the provisions of this Constitution, and the acceptance by any corporation of any provision of any such laws or the taking of any benefit or advantage from the same nhall be conclusively Mid an agreement by snch corporation to hold its charter and franchise under the provisions of this article. Sec. 18i The stockholders of all in solvent corporations shall be individn- ally liable to the creditors thereof only to the extent of the amount remaining due to tbe corporation npon the stock owned by them: Provided, That stock holders in banks or banking institu tions shall be liable to depositors therein in a sum equal in amount to their stock over and above the face value of the same. Sec. 19. Nothing prohibited in this article ahall be permitted to be done by any corporation or company, persons or person, either for its or their own benefit or otherwise, by its or tbeir holding or controlling in its or their own name or otherwise, or in the name of any other person or persons, or oth er corporation or company whatsoever, a majority of the capital (took, or of bonds having voting power, of any rail road or transportation company, or corporation created by or exiating un der the laws of this State, or doing business within this State. See. 20. No right of way shall be appropriated to the nse of any corpor ation until lull compensation therefor shall be first made to the owner, or se cured by a deposit of money, irrespec tive of any benefit from any improve ment proposed by such corporation, compensation shall be /fiQR by a jury of 12 men in acojl^S^ Tird, ns shall lie prescribed by V Sec. 21. The general assembly hSuSt enforce the provisions of this article by approprite legislation. ARTICLE X. FINANCR AND TAXATION. HSectiou 1. The general assembly Isliall provide by law for a uniform and equal rate of assessment ami taxation, and shall prescribe regulations to se cure a just valuation for taxation of all property, real, personal and possessory, except mines and mining claims, the prodnetsof which alone shall be taxed; and also excepting such property as may heexempted by law for municipal, educational, literary, scientific, re ligious or charitable purposes: Pro vided, however. That the general as sembly may impose a capitation tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property: And provided, further, That the general assembly may provide for a graduated tax ou incomes, and for a graduated license on occupations and business. Sec. 2. The generable assembly shall provide for an annual tax suf ficient to defray the estimated ex penses of the State for each year, and whenever it shall happen that the or dinary expenses of the State for any year shall exceed the income of the State for such year tne general as sembly shall provide for levying a tux for the ensuiug year sufficient, with other sources of income, to pay the deficiency of the proceeding year to gether with tbe estimated expenses of the ensuing year. See. 3. No tax shall be levied ex cept in pursuance of a law which shall distinctly state the object of the same; to which object the tax shall be ap plied. Sec. 4. There shall be exempted from taxation all county, township and municipal property used exclu sively for public purposes and not for revenue, and the property of all| schools, colleges, and institutions of learning, all charitable institntious in tbe nature of asylums for the infirm, deaf and dumb, blind, idiotie and in digent persons, except where the prof its of such institutions are applied to private uses; all public libraries, churches, parsonages and burying grounds; but propel ty of associations and societies, although connected with charitable objects, shall not be exempt from State, county, or munic ipal taxation: Provided, That as to real estate this exemption ahull not extend beyond tbe buildings and premises actually occupied by such schools, colleges, institutions of learn ing, asylums, libraries, churches, par sonages and burial grounds, although connected with cnaritable objects. Sec. 5. Tbe corporate authorities of counties, townships, school districts, cities, towns and villages may be vest ed with power to assess and collect taxes for corporate purposes; snch taxes to be uuifurm in respect to per sons and property witbin the jurisdic tion of the body imposing the same. All shares of the stockholders in any bank or banking association located in this State, whether now or hereafter incorporated, or organized nnder the laws of this State or of tbe United States, shall be listed at tbeir true value in money, and taxed for munic ipal purposes in the city, xrard, town or incorporated village where snch bank is located, and not elsewhere: Provided, That the words "true value in money” as used in line 12 of this section shall,be so construed as to mean and include all surplus or extra moneys, capital, and every species of personal property of value owned or in possession of any such I auk: Pro vided, A like rule of taxation shall ap ply to the stockholders of all corpora tions other than banking institutions. And the general assembly shall reqnire that all the property, except that here in permitted to he exempted witbin ll^imits of municipal corporations, sBgBlte taxed for corporate purposes aimAAr the payment of debts contr*c~ ed under authority of law. The bonded debt of auy connty, township, school district, municipal corporation or political division or subdivixion of this State shall never exceed 8 per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein. And no county, township, municipal corpora tion or other political division of this State shall hereafter be authorized to increase its bonded indebtedness if at the time of auy proposed increase thereof the aggregate amount of its already existing bonded debt amounts to 8 per centum of tbe value of all taxable property therein as ascertained by the valuation for State taxation. And wherever there shall be several political divisions or municipal corpo rations coveriug or extending over the same territory, or poi tious thereof, possessing a power to levy a tax or contract debt, then each of anch’ po litical divisions or municipal corpora tions shall so exercise its power to increase its debt under the foregoing 8 per cent limitation that the aggregate debt ove- and upon any territory of this State shall never exceed 15 per centum of the value of all taxable property in auch territory as valued for taxation by the State: Provided, That nothing herein shall prevent the issue of bonds for the purpose of pay ing or refunding any valid municipal debt heretofore contracted in excess of 8 per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein. Sec. 6. The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned for the ben efit of any individual, company, asso ciation or corporation; and the StaU shall not become a joint owner of or stockholder in any company, associa tion or corporation. Tbe general as sembly shall net have power to author ize any connty or township to levy a tax or isaue bonds for any purpose ex cept for educational purposes, to build and repair public roads, buildings and bridges, to maintain and support pris oners. pay jurora, connty officers, and for litigation, quarantine and court expenses, and for ordinary county purposes, to support paupers, and pay past indebebtedness. 8ec. 7. No scrip, certificate or other evidence of State indebtedness shall be issued except for the redemption of stock, bonds or other evidences of in debtedness previously issued, or for such debts as are expressly authorized in this Constitution. Sec. 8. An accurate statement of the receipts and expenditures of the pub lie money shall be published with the laws of each regular session of the gen eral assembly, in snch maimer as may by law be directed. Sec. 9. Money shall be drawn from the treasury only in pursuance of up- 1 ropriutions made by law. Sec. 10. Tbe fiscal year shall com mence ou the first day of January iu eiu h year. Sec. 11. To the end that the public debtof South Carolina may not here- alter be increased without tbe due con sideration and free consent of the peo ple ©f the State, the general aasembly is hereby forbidden to creato any fur ther debt or obligation, either by the loan of the credit of the State by guar anty, endorsement or otherwise, except for the ordinary and current bnsintsu of the State, without first submitting the question as to the creation of Hueh new debt, guaranty, endorsement or loan of its credit to the qualified elec tors of this State at a general State election; and unless two-thirds of the qualified electors of this State, votiug on the question, shall be in favor of in creasing the debt, guaranty, endorse ment or loan of its credit, none shall be created or made. And any debt con tracted by the State shall be by loan on State bonds, of amounts not less than $50 each, bearingiuterest, payable not more than 40 years after final passage of the law autboriz.iug such debt. A correct registry of all such bonds shall be kept by the treasurer in mmuAiealN order, so ns to always exhibit the num- V ber and amount unpaid, and to whom severally made payable. And tbe gen eral assembly shall levy an annual tax sufficient to pay the annual interest on said bonds. Sec. 12. Suitable laws shall be pass ed by tbe general assembly for tho safe-keeping, transfer and disburse ment of,the State, country and school funds; and all officers and other per sons charged with tbe same shall keep an accurate entry of each sum received, and of each payment and transfer and shall give such security for the faithful discharge of such duties as the general assembly may provide. And it shall be the duty of the general assembly to pass laws making embezzlement of such funds a felony, punishable by line and imprisonment, proportioned to the amount of the deficiency or embezzle ment, and the patty convicted of such felony shall be disqualified from ever holding any office of honor or emolu ment iu this State: Provided, however, that the general assembly, by a two- thirds vote, may remove the disability npon payment in full of the principal and interest of tho sum embezzled. See. 13. Tbe general assembly shall , t provide for the assessment of all prop erty for taxation; and State, county, township, school, municipal and all other taxes shall be levied on the same assessment, which shall be that made for State taxes; and the taxes for the subdivision of the State shall be levied and collected by the respective fiscal authorities thereof. ARTICLE XI. rDUCATlON. Section 1. The supervision of pub lic instruction shall lie vested in the State superintendent of education, w ho shall be elected for tbe term of two years by the qualified electors of the State, iu such manner and at such time as tho other State officers are elected; his powers, duties and com pensation shall be defined by the gen eral assembly. Sec. 2. There shall be a State board of edneation, composed of the overnor, the state superintendent of education, and not exceeding seven persons to be appointed by the govern or every four years, of which board tbe governor shall bo chairman, and tho state superintendent of education, secretary. This hoard shall have the regulation of examination of teachers applying for certificates of qualifica tion, and shall award all scholarships and have such other powers and duties as may be determined by law. The travelling expenses of tbe persons to be appointed shall be provided for by tbe general assembly. Sec. 3. Tbe general assembly shall make pro. ision for the election or appointment of all other necessary school officers, and shall define their qualification, powers, duties, compen sation and terms of office. Sec. 4. The salaries of the State and county school officers and com pensation of county treasurers for col li cting and disbursing school moneys shall cot lie paid out of the school funds, but shall be otherwise provided for by the general assembly. Sec. 5. The gencial aasembly «bail provide for s liberal system of free