Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PET Agricultural Department. H.II. EVA^S. • I'dilor. Farmers* gardens So. 2. Beets.—The beet is a native of the south of Europe and introduced into cultivation about the beginning of the seventeenth cen tury. It is cultivated in Europe for three purposes, sugar, cattle feed -and as a gar den vegetable. With us it has been only cultivated as a garden vegetable, and is one of the earliest and best. It conies early, it is very nutritious and palatable, and should be in every farmer's garden. Some efforts have been made to grow it for sugar in the Northwestern States and in California, but 1 believe that the high price of labor and the com petition of the canesugai, have rather disc-uraged it. I propose, bow v to cali attention toils cultivation for 1 cattle fee ling and for sugar, as one of the industries to which we may resort to relieve the over production and low price of cotton. First as a vegetable.—The soil best suited for it is a clay loam, worked sufficiently deep to enable the roots to go down to their natural depth. Next to that is a sandy loam •ueb as we have by the thousand acres in our county. It should be well manured and plowed five or six inches deep. Of course the deeper weplow and the richer we make tho ground the better the "ctop, but th course I have recommended in farming the garden and^the amount of manure there prescribed will be enough to raise all we want to use as vegetables. Plant in rows two feet and a half apart, and scatter thinly in the rows, if dropped six inches apart so much the better. The seed are the better far being noakedjin water for twelve hours before planting and then rolled in ashes, a* they are rather hard to get up. Cnltivate in the usual way with plow and hoe. They are fit to eat as soon as they get an inch in diemeter. I have seen them used us greens tops and roots when thinned out To grow to' a good site they should he thinned out to a foot apart. The beet has no ene mies except the little beetle which destroys them in the spring,[and the garden pest, the cut worm. The beetle may be driven off by sprinkling dry ashes on the plants, and the cut worm captured and destroyed by the fingers of the gardener. It is not subject to any diseases .in our climates, is rather har dy, stands frost pretty well, and may he planted early. Does not rot and may he left in the ground in winter until it is used. For cattle feeding.—If we will keep cattle (and l am no advocate with our present sys tein of farming for it) we ought to make some tetter provision for them than we now do. The sight that presents itself daily in the winter in our county of poor starved frames shivering in the fence corners, is a piteous one. Wo should keep our cattle in bettor condition or we should keep none Corn and fodder is rather an expensive food for cows. We have no grass for hay. With our cotton farms we don’t make shucks enough to feed many, and even cotton seed is too valuable to waste on them. We cun and ought (0 grow roots for them. Of these the beet is perhaps the best. It it better thou the turnip because it stands cold better. We ai e not obliged to protect or store it in winter; it does not rot and is not so subject to the depredations of those who live on other people’s labor. No body will steal beets If tfoey can find coltards or turnips. It is objectionable because it requires tho whole season to grow and it is more difficult to get a stand of them We can grow with ordinary garden ma nuring and culture fifteen tons to the acre, which ought to feed ten head of cattle and keep them fat during the winter months. Cost of growing them—manure, seed and cultivation will not be more than fiifteeu dollars an acre, or one dollar a ton. A ton will feed a cow a month and a half and k»>op her in good condiiion. The cost without counting the labor of gathering and cutting them up is a fraction over two cents ,1 day. Certainly cheap food. Cattle will live en tirely on roots either beets or turnips, it they are salted regularly. They must be cut up or mashed to prevent them choking themselves. A variety of beet called man gold wurtuel is grown very extensively in England. Canada and some of the Northern States for this purpose. It grows to a very large size*and produces enormous crops to the acre. I have recently seen an account of a root show in England at which eight of these were exhibited weighing four hundred and thirty-two pounds, an average of fifty four pounds apiece. It grows very well in our climate, but. I have never seen any of more than a few pounds in weight. For sugar.—The time has not yet come and may never come for us to turn our at tention to this industry, but it is well tor us to know that if we are finally compelled to abandon cotton that there is something else to which we can resort for a living. The world has never yet JjaJ sugar< enough to eat. and probably as long as we have our present appetites never will. We can’t grow the cane. Sorghum is a poor substitute but in the beet we will find all we want. It suits both our soil and climate. My in formation on this is derived altogether from books and principally from the Patent Office Reports. 1 have grown the sugar beet as a vegetable, but nothing more. Let us see what it has done for other countries. The cultivation of the beet for the manu facture of sugar and spirits forms the most important agricultural industry of France. Germany and Belgium. Besides large quan tities are made in Russia, Austria, Hungary and other parts of Europo. The estimated production of sugar from beets is over one million of tons, nearly half of all that is made from any source in the world In France where it was introduced by the Emperor Napoleon the First as a political and military measure, it has proved not only a source of great natural wealth, but as a contribution (in the food it furnishes for cattle) to all other agricultural industries, increasing the production of wheat and oth er grains, more than doubling Uiq number of cattle that can be kept on the farms, giv^ ing employment to a large number of labor ers and furnishing cheap food for them. It is regarded as an ameliorating crop and like the turnip in England, precedes the wheat crop. The amount of mineral salts taken up in a ton of beets does not exceed fifteen pounds, as the sugar extracted from t is composed entirely of carbon, oxygen and Hydrogen, elements coming Irotu the air and rain and not drawn from tho soil, and the pulp or reMdue is either pul back on the soil ns manure or fed to cattle and their manure teturned, it follows that the tax upon the land of producing the beet crop must be very light and that in propor tion to its cost it must be the most valuable one that could be produced. The effect ot the introduction of the beet culture upon the agriculture of France has been a very marked one, both in the quantity of land planted in grain and tho quantity produced to the acre, and also in the great increase in the number of cattle that the farmers are able to keep and feed. I quote two install' ccs that are mentioned: “In our district when before the introduction of the beet, the number of bushels of wheat produced was 076,000 and the number of oxen 700. Since then wheat produced 1,108,000 bushels and the number of oxen 11,GOO.” “In another district 8,000 acres planted in wheat and 0,000 cattle kept before the intro, duction of the beet. Since then 18,000 acres sown in wheat and the cattle increased to 40,650.” Numerous other instances are giv en but I refrain from taking up so much time in details. The process of manufacturing the su^ar | requires botti capital and skill, and as the ordinary farming population of France have neither the one or the other, the beet is sold in balk to thevnanufactories, who extract the sugar and return the pulp to the farmer for cattle food or manure as he may wish to use it. The price paid per ton Is about five dol lars, and with an average crop of eighteen tons give ninety dollars an acre and the pulp worth ten dollars more. The amount of sugar made ranges from seven to ten fer cent of the gross weight of the roots. The process of manufacturing is to grind the roots, press out the juice and boil as we do cane. The residue molasses is generally distilled into spirits, and is drunk by those who can afford it under the high sound ing names of cognac and champaign brandy. The pulp left by the pressure as a flat dry cake is regarded as very nutritious cattle or horse food. A large portion of the beef cattle of France are fattened entirely upon it. I 1 will keep if stored away in bulk for several years. The beet is also used very extensively iu Franco for the manufacture of spirits. The system isthesameas with the sugars, and as the saccharine matter is all that .s needed for the alcohol, the effect upon the laud and the increased production of other crops and the number of cattle is the same with both industries. To establish this I quote from the report on the results obtained on five hundred farms, provided with a distilling apparatus. The- report shows that before the introduction of distillation, the beet crop on these five him dred farms was only about 4,000 acres, since then it has increased to 515,000 acres, that there has been an increase in the wheat crop ot 16.000 acres, and an increased production of ten bushels to the acre, also an increase in the number of cattle from 20,000 to51,- 000, and in the number of laborers employed from 9,000 to 25,000. The amount of alcohol produced was over 0,000,000 of gallons yielding .to the government 8,000,000 dol lars revenue and a direct profit to the State of 5,000,000 dollars. I have drawn your attention to these facts to show what has been done with the beet in France, and though as 1 have said the time not come for us to turn our attention to it. yet we may have the consolation of knowing that when cotton ceases to bo king wc may substitute sometning else and still manage to live. Our soil, climate and everything being suitable for it. I have strayed a long way from the garden let us go back to it. Quantity to plant.—One packet of seed to plant two rows is enough. It is only used by us as a spring vegetable. Our hot dry sum mer prevents our planting a later crop for winter use. Varieties to plant.—Early turnip rooted Bussano is the best. We can raise our own beet seed and they are perhaps better than the bought ones. As the plant is a biennial ami dots not pro duce its seed in time for the next spring planting, they have to he kept a year. They will keep good for four or live years. (TO HE CONTINUED.) Timmonsville Business Cards T 8, & W. HEODOKK KL’KKK, DEALER 111 OEN- cr*l Morchandice, Liquors, Wines. Cig- &C. 8. E Cor. Warren and R. R. Sts. At RICHARD HIMSELF AGAIN!” WITCOVER, DEALER IN GEN eral Merchandise. Fays bighes, prices for Beeswax. Dry Hides find Furs of all kinds. North U. K. Street. » R. J. E. BYRD, DEALER IN MEDI cities. Faints. Oils, varnishes, brushes school books, garden seeds and cypress shin gles. Fays chash for cotton and country produce. mm KS. F. 8. SMITH, FASHIONABLE | M’lliner and Dress-Maker. 'Latest styles always on hand. Ayer’s Ague Cure, For Fevor and Aguo, Intermittent Fever, Chill Fever, Remittent Fever, Dumb Ague. Periodic;.! or Bilious Fever, &c., and indeed all the affections which arise from malari ous, marsh, or miasmatic poisons. This is a compound remedy, prepared with scientific skill from vegetable ingredients, which rarely fails to cure the severest cases of Chills and Fever and tho concomitant disorders. Such a remedy the necessities of the people in mala rious distrn fs demand. Its great superiority over any other medicine yet discovered for the cure of JntcrmiUents is, that it contains no qui nine or mineral, and those who take it are free from danger of quinism or any injurious effects, •nd are as healthy after using it as before, f. has been extensively employed during tho last thirty years in the treatment of these distressing disorders, and so unvarying has been its success that it has gained the reputation of being infal lible. It can, therefore, be safely recommended as a sure remedy and specific for the Fever and Ague of tlic West, and the ChlltM and Fever of the South. It counteracts the miasmatic poison in the blood, and frees the system from its influ ence, so that fever and ague, shakes or chills, once broken up by it, do not return until tho disease is again contracted. The great variety of disorders which arise from theirrilutionof this poison, such as Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Gout, Headache, Bliiidne«s, Toothache, Faraclie, Catarrh. Asthma, Pal pitation, Splenic A flections, Hysteric*, Pain in the Rowels, Colic, ParalyHi*, and derange- of the Stomach, all of which become intermit tent or periodical, have no speedier remedy than Ayf.h’s Aorr. Cube, which cures them all alike, and protects the system from future attacks. As a preventive, it is of immense service in those communities where Fever and Ague prevails, as it stays tho development of tho disease if taken on the first approach of the premonitory symp toms. Travellers and temporary residents nro Urns enabled to defy these disorders, and few will ever i.uffer-if they avail themselves of the protection this remedy affords. For Liver Complaints, arising from torpidity, it is an excellent remedy; it stimulates this organ into healthy activity, and produces many remark able cures where oilier medicines fail. Prepared by Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., Practical and Analytical Chemists, LOWKLL, MASS, BOLD BIT ALL DRUOGIISTS LVlUiYWIIKRE. New Opening’! Fresh Stock!! PERHANET AND TRANSIENT BOAKDUVC;! Wc have received the December number of tho Planter ami Farmer published at Rich mond, Va., by L. It. Dickinson. It contains sixty-five pages of reading matter by some of the best farmers of the country. , The arti cles of the Hon. A. Dudley Mann of France, Judge Wm. Fullerton of New York, Judge Christian and Col. S. W. Ficklin of Virginia, and Professor Pendleton of Georgia, are any one of them worth the subscription price w Besides it comes from Virginia, and I know that wc are not all reconstructed enough to WTget that grand and glorious old commonwealth. Let us join hands once more with heraa^ try to dig out of the earth a new an4 better future for our common coun try. The Planter and Farmer ranks among the best agricultural papers of tho country Standing upon middle ground, its articles suit both the agriculture of the North and South. I would earnestly recommend it to the farmers of Darlington county. The sub scription price is $2. Clubs of five $1 75 each. Subscriptions will be received and forwarded by the News. ROBERT PEEL, Timmonsville, S. C„ W 'ISHES IT UNDERSTOOD THAT HE is still on hand, and is always prepared to furnish you, at low down prices, anything that you cannot find else where. Plow Castings a Speciality- The EDOECOMB PLOW, No. 60 and 85. The WILSON COTTON PLOW, and No. 10, alK-t;8 on hand. Neither of these can be beat. ALSO PURE AND UNA D UL TER A TED GRAPE AND APPLE Look ’round, and if you can’t find what you want, call on PEEL. ru »y ROBERT ij Traveling frien la will obtain comfortable accommodations at 81.00 PEK HAY. 141 CALHOUN STREET, (Opposite Orphan House,) Charleston, - - S. C. Septl9-2m. Savannah Weekly News. In the issue of July 6, 1878, will be com- uenced a new serial by the popular Georgia amthorcss, Mrs. Orplwlia It loti, ENTITLED MRS. DARE! The WtcuKiY News is not only The Largest lint The Best Weekly Published in the Southern States. It is well edited, and countains an inunese mount of reading matter, and its typograph- cal execution is unsurpassed* Printed on new type, with a clear clean impression, it is a pleasure to read the Weekly News. It is a \ew9j)aper in every sense of the word, and contains the latest Telegraphic and State news. Markets, etc’, a literary, an Agricultural and a Military Department, and is suited to the taste of all who desire to keep up with what is going on in the busy world at homo or abroad. Its news is always fresh and entertaining Subscription, one year $2.00; six months, $1.00 Specimens copies sent fr ec. Address J. H. llstill. TIIK SON. 1*73. SEW YORK. 1*78. As the time approaches for the renewal of subscriptions. THE SDN would remind its friends and well.wishers everywhere .that it is again a candidate for their consideration and support, Lpon its record for the past ten years it relies for a continuance of the hearty and generous co-operation which have hitherto been extended to it from every quarter of the Union. The DaDjr Sun is a four page-sheet of 28 'columns, price by mafl, post paid, 55 cents a month, or $0.50 per year. The Sunday edition of The Sun is an eight-page sheet of 50 columns. While giv ing the news of the day, it also contains a large amount of literary and miscellaneous matter specially prepared for it. The Sun day Si n has met with great success. Post paid $1.20 a year. The Weekly Sun. Who does not know The Weekly Sun? It circulates throughout the United States, the Canadas, and beyond. Ninety thou sand families greet its welcome pages weekly, and regard it in the light of guide, counsellor, and friend. Its news, editorial, agricultural, and literary department make it essentially a journal for the family and the fireside. Terms: One Dollar a year, post-paid. The price, quality considered, makes it the cheapest newspaper published. For clubs often, with $10 cash, we will send an extra copy free. Address. PUBLISHER OF THE SUN, New York City. E.T. "VIETT'S, MARBLE AND GRANITE 'WORKS. N. Broad Street, Charleston, S. C. Ornamental and Plain Monumenta. Head Stones, Tombs, Vaults, Urna. Bap tismal Founts, Marble Tab- _ lets for Chtyches, &c. 1®“Drtignt and SfetiJitatioH* noil on application to any part of the United Statei.~m auglSlj. OTICE—800 BUSHELS RED RUS T ' ^ PROOF SEED OATS - Fo ■’or SaU by E 0 KIRVBN. I am happy to announce to my Friends and Former Cus tomers, anti .the public Generally, that I have opened at my Old Stand, corner Pearl and Main Streets, with .A. IsTEW -A-IsTID IFIRESie: Stools, of Groods, ETylBKA-CIKTO- Everything Usually Kept in a Country Store ! Having a RESIDENT BUYER at the North, I can always obtain my Goods at the Lowest Possible Figures, and am there by enabled to furnish my customers on terms as reasonable as they can expect or desire. CALL Atf MYSORE, EXAMINE THE QUALITY OF MY GOODS and after having compared my prices with those of others, il you do not feel justified in buying, I shall not feel the least dis pleasure for having shown my wares in vain. Very Respectfully, 6m C3r. DPtidicvrcl. IT IS THE ONLY SEWING MACHINE WHICH HAS A Self-Threading Shuttle, It has Self-Sttlins Needle, Never Breaks the Thread. Never Skips Stitches. Is the Lightest running. IT HAS A New and Simple Pcrico YOU Winding the Bobbin, Without removing the 8trnp from the Balance Wheel,and with out Unthreading tho MMbUic. The Simplest, tho Most Durable, and in every respect the BEST FAMILY SEWING MACHINE. The “NEW AMERICAN” is easily learned, does not get out of order, and will do more work with less labor than any other machine. Illustrated Circular furnished on application. AOISIVTS WA.IVTEr>. J. S. DOVEY, Manager, 64 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Md. - tE- a. n iva: Read this and be Benefited The Thomas Smoothing Harrows THE GREATEST LABOR-SAVING AND MOST USEFUL INVENTION OF THE A IE AND SOMETHING WHICH EVERY PLANTER SHOULD HAVE ON HIS PREMISES. IS JUST BEING INTRODUCED IN THIS MAEKET. T IS ADAPTED TO ALL VARIETIES OF LAND, AND WILL DO THREE TIMES THE WORK OE M IN THE SAME LENGTH OF TIME. IT CAN BE DRAWN BY ONE HORSE, OWING TO THE PECULIAR SET OF THE TEETH; AND WHAT IS BETTER THAN ALL, IT SURPASSES ANYTHING EVER INTRODUCED IN THIS SECTION FOR THE CULTIVATION OF THE YOUNG CHOP. THIS HARROW IS IN THREE SECTIONS, EACH OF THREE FEET, AND CAN BE WORKED SEPARATELY OR ALL TOGETHER ASIDE FROM ITS DECIDED ADVANTAGES OVER OTHER HARROWS IN PULVERIZING THE SOIL, BROAD CASTING THE SEEDS, &C., ' IT WI1L DOUBLE PAY FOR ITSELF IN ONE SEASON, IN HELPING THE FARMER TO KEEP HIS YOUNG CROP CLEAR OF GRASS AND WEEDS AND THE LAND IN A GOOD FRESH CONDITION IT MAY I5E USED TO PERFECTION FROM THE TIME THE CORN OR OTHER PLANTS PEEP OUT OF THE GROUND, UNTIL IT 18 ONE FOOT HIGH. Twenty Acres is only an ordinary day's Work for i. FOR FURTHER PARTICULARS, CALL ON Where you can see it for yourself. HOKSEY EEWIS, Agent, Darlington, South Carolina, jan31-tf. Im ortant Notice! GINS FOR SALE. The undersigned earnestly requests all who are indebted to him by note or open account to call upon him for a final settle ment, or make some arrangement to settle said indebtedness. Those not coming for ward as requested are hereby notified that I w ill place their accounts in suit for I intend to settle up with all. I will give the highest price for cotton, even higher than the mar ket in settlement, and on all produce offered in settlement. W. WITCOVER. At new Brick Store, Timmonsville, S. C. FINAL NOTICE. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1 lUausaros Cousty. / I^OriCE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT I haYo filed my Final Account as Ad ministrator ot the Easlate of Joel Anderson, and at tho opiration of Thirty Days will apply to the Honorable the Judge of Probate of the said CountY, for Letters of Dismissory. October ~ih, 1878. Wm. BRAND. OctlOtf £1ENTENNIAL EXCELSIOR, TAYLOR | AND GRISWOLD COTTON GINS. Having secured the Agency for the above popular Gins. I am offering them at reason able ratea. Give me a cal’.. J. F. EARLY. Darlington C. H., S. C. [augltf W, H. DeBERRY, NOTARV PUBLIC, TIMMONSVILLE. S. C. T OVS! TOYS!! TOYS!!! —A FINE assortment now on exhibition at Da. JOHN A BOYD 8 JOH WORK Neatly and promptly executed at the NEWS OFFICE - Special attention given to the execution of Deeds, Mortgages, Bonds, Liens, Agree ments. Ac. apUO-tf. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, COUNTY OF DARLINGTON. T^’OTICE is hereby given that I have filed ^ q| my final account as administrator of i tie Estate of Calvin Smoot, and at the expi ration oh' 30 days will apply to the Honora ble the Judge of Probate of the said County for letters of dismissory. ALLISON SMOOT. 8ept26- HIGHEST MARKET PRICES PAID FOR HIDES, WOOL, SKINS, Beesw ax, Tallow, &c., By JVXrs. XX. "WELiSia. NORTH S.DE I’l.A UL S i liEET DAI LIN< »N . t - ID. W. JEIJLST, MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF OetirricLgfes and;Harness, Whips, Umbrellas, Furniture, Carriage and Wagon Material, Leather and^Shoe. Findings, ALSO ■» KEEPS ON HAND ALL,KINDS OF WOOD.AND MITALIC Coffins and Caskets U IF THE LATEST DESIGNES AND HANDSOMELY FINISHED.^ ALLJGOODS MARLED J uly DOWN AT PRICES TO SUlTaftMJIASk , ll-ly.J k be iP JOHN F. WIFSON, HAS JUST RECEIVED HIS FALL STOCK, coisrsisTiisra- of iof'^o-ooids, SHOES, IIATS,CLOTHING, GENT’S FURNISHING GOCDS, GROCERIES, &C. Slaves and Tinware. I AM AGENT FOR THE CELEBRATED/^# WATT PLOW AND CAS i INGS. Darlington, C. H., S. C., Sept, 12, 78. “ Be just that you may lie liberal with a gootTconscience.” JOHN McSWEEW, [Successor to Keith & McSween.] DEALER IJST GENERAL MERCHANDISE, And Agent F’or all Prominent Guanos. A Caiefully Asst rted Stock of Fall and Winter Goods in flush: suhflu. THE E-A.CT TH-A.T Tf lE Times Are Improving Is recognized r.nd WITH LARGE AND STEADY SALES, The Margin of profits is reduced to a mere shade. Interests of Customers in every material regard attentively toked to. Oetlls Solicited, Which will be uniformly valued and sought to be Sept 12.] Rendered Mutually Pleasant. NOTICE. —’ l T' ■ V UPON HIGH PRIUUl BIG PROFITS! New goodh—Eall stock A. EARLY’S WE 7 STORE. il s, Dress Goods, Laces, Trimming. AND LADIES’ FANCY WEAR IN GREAT VARIETY, OUR GENT’S DEPARTMENT IS FULL AND COMPLETE GEROOEIRIES, HAIUDWAB.E «ScO. LOWER THAN EVER.