Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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7 r / r ? ???? t?fi ?il J.i.!.i/1A>I0 ? ? t '?.UM :mi ??.orfA.:u,)'i!jT230/iA . $2 *EB ANNUM, y "?n we move indibsolubly firm; God ai?d natube bi? ^he bamrV ?7 IN AD^-NCB Vol. i. ORAWOEefTStOi SOUTH CAROTUNA? TII?RSDAY, JANtXARY 30, 1873. Till ORANGEBURG TIMES Is published every THURSDAY, AT : t>KA NGEBURU, C, II., SOUTH CAROLINA BY JAMES S. HEYWARD. KATES OF ADVERTISING. ?tleou 1 ^?arc, ? 1 ?innres, ??? 9 eqimrefl, - 4 uqliaroH, ? ? v^liiinn, - i column, ? 1 OT1H4M, - I I? ?er?ar. 12 In ?ortlon "Too 11 00 15 00 18 00 20 50 33 00 I 13 00| 55 00 24 In ?rHenU??t 48 tn iun 10 AO 18 00 25 00 20 00 33 00 50 00 12 00 27 00 q*t rv/v Of w 45 00 57 00 75 00 83 00|125 00 KUUBCRiPTIOK BATKS: $2 a t??r, 1m ?ulViltie.*?$1 Ibf fal* nonths. JtJli PRINTiNtJ ih it* all departments neatly eifcutid: (Jive Uft a cailt CALENDAR ^ FOR 1873. ^ s-l en mm 6 12 a 25 . 2 *-lG 23 . 9 ?5 9 JR16j 2? I 30 0 SS.13 20 27 4 *25 . 1 S R ?15 22 29 21 3j 4 0 1011 iftlia 17|1S| 13 22 23 24 251; 20 2y'30j31 ?1?1 "5; 61 7 11 12 18114 Sjl 31 5 10 18;19',20;21,22 17 24 31 25 26 27128 29 _I_I_l 41 6| c| 7| 8 llllS'l.T 14115 17|18|19 20 24 31 7 8 14 15 2122 28,29 ~4j 5 11 12 I ? 19 : 20 58 ss ;h_ 2| 3| 4 9 lOill I(i|l7il8 23 24 25 30'3lj -l-i 1 2 G| 7 8 9 113 14 15 16? 20 21.22i2.S')2 27 28:20 30^ l?a 2o*r* ll 2 81 9 31 4\ 5 10111112 |18jl9 20'2l'22 I '15116 17,18ll9 !25|2? 27|28 2?H2l|22|23 24 25 26 '30.r-.j-~U *- 1 2 I 21|22 28 29 I ?1128 14 19 20 21 26|27 oi 3 olio 16! 17 23 24 30 .... at 4 ion 17[18|1? 24 25 20 3' 1 8. 9,10 15 Hi 17 22123 24 2t> adhii 4l 5! 6) 7| 11 1213 14 18 IB 20 21 25 2? 27 28 ....!....[....!-.. 30 61 7 13:14 20.21 27.28 "3"4 10.11 17118 24 25 ?1?. 6 i? ~4 81 OjlOlll 15116 17'18? 22 23 241 " 29.30)31 5 6 7 12 13 U 19.20 211 26 "27! 28* 29 25 r "1 15? 2] 3 4j 5 0 9,10 11 12113_ l(i,17 IS 19,207 23 24 1 30 ll?". >|20|x1 STATE ?PPL?E?fL The following in a list of the State offi cers elected to serve forthe next two years: Governor?Franklin J. Moses, Jr. Lieutenant-Governor?Richard II Glravea, colored. Attorney-General?Samuel W. Melton. Secretary of State?Henry E. Hayjue, colored. State Treasurer?Francis L. Cardozo colored. Comptroller-General?S o 1 o m o n L. H?ge, Superintendent of Education?Justus K. Jillron. Adjutant General?Henry W. Purvis colorod. ? Member of Congress nt large?R. H. Cain. Representative from First Congression al District?Joseph H. Rniney. Representative from Second Congres sional Dietriet?-Alonzo J? Ransier. Representative from Third Cong res sional District?R. B. Elliott. Representative from Fourth Cong res sional District?Alex. S. Wallace. Solicitor for the first Judicial Circuits: Charles W. Butts. COUNTY OFFICERS. Senator?James L. Jamison. Representatives?Samuel L* DuitCrtft Jobn Dix, Henry Riley, J. Fehler Moycrs, Abraham Dannclly. C'oroner?John L. Iltfffrr/cft/ Sherifi?Edward I. Cain. Clerk of Court?George Bolivef. Profite Judge?Augustus Bv KnoWl ton. School Commissioner?Francis R. Mc F.inlay. County Commissioners?John Re bort son, EdaStfnd T. It. Smoke, Alexander Brown. POETRY. THE ELEVENTH HOUR* HX ANNA Lr. RUTH. Whist, Bir I Would ye pla*e to apeak aisy And sit ye down there br the Jure ? She sleeps, sir, ho light and so restlea*, She heart every mep on th? flure. Wh'U nilr, her? God known] She's been weakly For months, and the heat drivci her wild; The rammer ''?? wanted and worn her Till che'o only the ghost of ? child. All I bar?? Yea, ehe lt\ and God help mm! I'd three little darlinta b^cido, Ao party ea iver ye ros, air. bot wan by wan drooped like and died. What waB it that tnk them ye'rv asking? Why poverty, sure, and no doubt! They perished for focd and fresh air, Like flowers dried up in a drought. It was dreadful to lose them ? Ah, tm it I It seemed like my heart-strings would brink, IhU there's days when wid want and wid sorrow I'm thankful they're gone?for their sake I Their father? Well, sir Saints forgive mc I It's r. font tongue th.it lowers its own 1 But wid the sthrike* and the liquor, I'd better be sthrugglin' alone t Do I wntlt to k.6ep this wan ? The darlint, The last fthd dearest Of fill I Shure yonr'e hiver n father yourself, sit-, Or you wouldn't be askin' at nh ! What'is that ? Milk and food for the baby I A docthor and medicine free ? You're huntiu' out all the sick children, An' poor toilin' mothers like me r God bless von 1 an' thini that haVe* still yc?f A new life you've given mc, go, Shure, *ir, wont you look in tho cradle At the (olleen you've Haven 'furs yon go? ?! mother '? mercies! have pity 1 ?I darlint who couldd't you wait? Dead! dead ! and the hell? in the durcway ! Too late! O mr baby 1 Too late I HOPE'S SONG. * * * * * Night and day it sing the same eong; ?Sings it while 1 sit alone, Sings so that the heart may hear it, "It is better further on!" Sits upon the grave and sing* it, Sings it WhcW the' fteaU would groan. Sings is when the shadows darken I" "It is better further on I" "Further on?" but how much further? Count the milestones one by one; No! no eoontibg?only trusting, "It is better further" on I" Coal?Its Origin, A mistaken impression' in *0mcwhut widely prevalent that in the 6'ml-fields, we have the remains of ancient fun ski? in other words, it is supposed that where ever there was a forest in primeval times there now exists a coal-lield of greater or less extcut. In connection frith this view, also, the opinion is entertained that the forest) now in existence will, in the process of time, and after due geological changes, become the coal-beds of the fu ture ages. But, although as we shall presently sec, the coal-fields are undoubt edly duo to the vegetation cf former eras, it is far irom being the case that the pri meval forest became converted in a gen eral way into coal. Conditions of a pe culiar, and to some extent exceptional character were requisite for the founda tion of coal fields. It we consider the evidence glfren by the ce*l-fields, we shall see what these conditions were. The beds or seams of coal form but a small portion of the thickness of the great ge ological strata to whieff they for the mosi part appertain. This group is called the carboniferous, and not uncommonly "the Coal; but even where coal is most abun dant, it forfna only a minute part of the whole mass. Thus it has been ?stimated, Sir Charles Lyell tells us, that in South Wales the thickness of the carboniferous strata amounts, in all, to between 11,000 and 12,000 feet (or more than two miles,) "but the various cogl scams do not," ac cording to Professor Phillips, "exceed in the aggregate 120 feet," or less than one hundredth part of the whole. In North Lancashire the carboniferous strata oc cupy a depth of more than three miles. Here, no fewer than eighty seams of coal havo been counted (seventy one hav ing been exposed by the action of the sea j) fctit thefce scams are uowherc more than five feet in thickness, and many are brut a few inches thift^e Thus, it is evi dent that the formation of coal can have been in progress but a smaB portion of the time during which the cftrb?hifcrous scries of strata was in process of deposi tion. Throughout by far tho greater portion o.t that time other iuiocrp' sre being deposited. It is next to bo noticed that under each coal t?nm a Btratum of olif?eric Boil exists, Jri which1 (here are fcoMinonly found the roots of ancient tfees, while above the cool there' is co'tti-" monly a layer of shale or sandsttma, in which, not 'unfrequently, the truuks of those trees are found cither fallen of still In their original position, and only partly converted into coal. The bark remains but is transmitted into coal j the hollow of the trunk, decaying long before the trunk gave war? la represented by a cast in sandstone. Thus, if we try to picture to ourselves the state of things which ex isted when such a seam of coal first be gan to be covered up by the next higher deposit, we eee that there must have been trees standing- erect above a layer of vegetable matttr, the roots of the trees being imbedded in the soil which forms the deposit next below the coal. The vegetable layer may probably have been two or three times as thick as the result ing coal scam, and were reduced bj pres sure to their present thickness; but such layers cannot at any time have reached the branches of the forest trees. Then the process of deposition began. This can only have happened when some sub sidence of the soil had caused it to be submerged to a greater or less depth. We can infer from the depth of the strata overlying the coal seams that this state of submergence continued in many cases for a long period of time ; and it is equally clear that the formation of the vegetable layers themselves have been a process occupying a considerable time, since tall trees grew before the next sub mergence took place. 80 soon as sub mergence was complete, the tall tree* perished and began to decay. The stout trunks above tbe vegetable layer were broken oil' and swept away by the saa. The toresV itself,- probably so cnllcd,~<wns /or the most part destroyed. It was the decaying refuse of tbo forest, intermixed with the lower' growths, which formed tbe coal scams as it now exists. Among these were the lower pflfi? of the trunks of the ancient forest trees. These be came converted, like the rest of tbo vege table matter, into coal.?CoRXHiLL Mao azixc Waiting. The following is taken from the "Home Interest column of the Tninrxi:, edited by Mrs. Joseph B. Lyinan, of Richmond Hill: "Did any one ever camputc the num ber of hours, days, months, years, mortals spend in waiting? We wait for the train; we wait for an expected visitor;' we wait for the golderi opportunity ; and all the lime the? precious sands are slipping through til hour glass. Some wait a lifetime lor their moment o*f triumph, and find it only at their exit from the mortal stage. Happy they if at that lato period fruition overtakes them, The young man waits his majority to be gin life for himself; the young woman waits the coining of another morn risen on midnoon, which shall givo her a mis sion and a sphere congenial to her na ture; and so, frcm the cradle to the grave, 'man never is, but always to be I blest/ $ow we have u pet theorv of life which sets it to quite another tune than that of waiting. We believe that there is in huirtarr affairs a system of promotion, of ten invisible to mortal eyes, by which, when one is fitted for a higher place than that he now occupies, he will be ad vanced to it. Instead of waiting for the hour when he shall step up higher, let him diligently improve every moment of time in qualifying himself for the posi tion to which he aspires. While ab sorbed in tnc pursuit of those which will enable him to hold successfully the vant age ground he is fighting for, he may find himself in possession of that vantage ground unawares; one step upward at a time, persevered in, will conquer the highest mountain, and give the climber time to look on tire vast landscape below. '?There is nothing so idle as mere wait ing ; and provision should always be made by which this profitless wasto of timo m?y bo prevented. A bit of cro chet work or embroidery in one's pocket, an interesting hook, a vexed social qucs tion, may fill the gap made by a delayed train, a lardy guest, or an untoward ac cident.'' If dinner is not ready on the moment, the master of tho house will find space to rend the market reports; nhd if he Is Slew to answer the dinner bell; h'is Wife and daughters can improve the tittie in gleaning the journah for the latest news. It is monotony of labor that wearies. Work can be adjusted that ooe variety shall f?rn'&h rest from another. When one has gone through severe intellectual labor, nothing is more refreshing than the rest that comes after physical toil. The broom should succeed tho needle and not the needle the broom. It is in the power of many of us so to ad just our daily lives that but few of the allotted hours-shall be passed in waiting. Tho amount of actual performance one can shew who makes a judscious use o*' every moment of time is almost incredi ble. The greatest worker in this couu try possesses the happy secret of going to sleep when he is tired and has nothing for the hour'to occupy him, and of waking up refreshed wheu duty summons him to action. The veil which hides the future from ?ur eyes is impenetrable, and wc cannot know to what peculiar end we are'polishing oar faculties, storing oar minds, cultivating our moral natures; but wo may be sure that when we are ready for the niche wc are designed to oc cupy, it will b*r ready for us, and there will be no waiting till it is filled," Death of Btilwer. Jtbrief telegram, dated London Jnn uary 18th, anuouneed that Edward Lyt ton Boulwcr, the great English novelist is dead. The death roll of his last year was rieh in illustrious names, but the present ye?r?pens oven more formidable, and already, in nineteen days, has been added to tue list the name >.f Napoleon, the prince of rules, and Bulwcr, tho prince of English novoclists. It is more than thirty years Since Bul wcr fir>t appeared as a novelist, and since that time there has been "no reposing under the shade of his laurels?no living upon the resoucc of the pYist reputation? his foot was always in the arena?his shield hung always in the lists." Bulwcr wa.-? remarkable in this, that he has sought and obtained distinction in al-. most every department of literature?in poetry, the drama' the historical romance domestic novel, philosophical essay, and political disquisition, lie appeared iis an author in printed volume iu his fifteenth year?a fact which is somewhat remarka ble, the only other known instance be ing that of Cowley. Iiis first novel appeared in June, 1820 Ismael, an Oroiutal Tale. In 1828 ho published Pelham, a bril liant, witty hook full of scenes of intrigue und passion. Eugene Aram, the novel which he chums to be his best, is a highly wrought fictio j, ingeniously put together embody ing many fiuo pftseagc, but; somewhat uncertain as to its moral tone. The Last Days of Pompeii, and Kienzi, t^e Last of the Tribune, are both bril liant, classic and high toned, and upon these Vr* reputation must eventually rest. The Last of the Barons, and Harold, the Last of the Saxon Kings, arc inferior but vigorous. Although Bulweris best known as a novelist, bo was not without ambi tion irr the fiel4 of politics. He was elec ted to tiro House of Commons repeatedly, frnd was a supporter of cxtremo reform principles- He confered a signal favor on nis party by a political pamplct, en titled "The Crisis," which met with great success. His parlimcutnry sp'eaches have been few, but able and comprehensive. In the busiest poriiou of his political life, however, his literary studies were never neglected: In 1853 ho received the do grcdof D. C. L. from the University of Oxford, and in 185f? wrfs elected rector of fte Uncvcrsity of Glascow, and 1858 Ire joined the administration? of tbc Earl of Derby as Secretary for Colonal aHars. He is hest known to Americans, however, t' rough Ins works, and many an ?tncri? can youth and maiden have poured over Iii? fascinating pages until the small hours surprised them. ??lwer h'.?s enshrined himself in many a heart, and all the tf?rld over, the news of his dsath w ill crfu'se ft pang of keenest pain at (his Sifaprj?ng of the affections that he had bound to him*. Such a roan, however, can never die He has won, by his labors, if not immortality, certainly a long lease of life aud favor in the years, to come. The world,can hardly afford to loose in quick succession a Thuck cray, a ftickeba, and a Bulwer1.- Savan nah Republican. American Wonders. Tue greatest cataract in tho world is the falls of Niagara,, where the water from the great upper lakes formes a river three-fourths of a mile in width, and thcu being suddenly contracted plunges over tho rocks in two columns to the depth of ono hundred and seventy feet each. Tbe gfeatest cave in the world is the Mammoth cave in Kentucky, where one can make a voyage in the waters of a sub terranean river/ aud catch fish without eyes. The greatest river in the world is the Mississippi, four thousand one hundred miles long. The largest valley in the world is the valley of the Mississippi. It contains five hundred thousand square miles and is one Of the most fcrtilo regions of the globe. The largest lake in the world is Lake Superior, which is tfitly an inland sea, being four huudrcd aud thirty miles long and very dcci*. The longest railroad in the world is the Pacific Railroad, over thrco thousand miles in lahth, The greatest natural bridge in the world is tbo Natural bridge brer Cedar CreeitT Virginia. It extends acro?s a chasm .eighty feet in width and twe/ hundred and fifty feet in dcptiJ, at the bottom of which she crefc'k flows. The greatest mass of solid iron in the world is the greut Red Mountain, near Birmingham, Alabama. It is three hun dred and fifty feet high and fifty miles' in length of almost solid irou ore, tho largest and richest deposit known in the world. ^ I The largest deposit of anthracite coal in the world in Pennsylvania, the mines J of which s?'ppfy the marked with milli ons of tons annually. How to Pick a Good Canary*?In ccieeting canaries a few instructions may be found useful as well as profitable, the meanly nnd the yellow are the two varieties most prized, as they possess the greatest excellence of song, tognther with the greatest beauty of eolor. As relates to songs,- those r/mrs aro most valuable that have not only their own notes, but imitate the notes of the linnet, nigh tingale and woodlark. Tho musical bird's mottled or meanly in color, the bright yellow colored birds less strong and har dy in tbe feathers, but are oft on chosen on acconnt of their beautiful color. Care should be taken to select canaries fhat aro about a year old, which a pevcon acqnminted with th* species can tell b} the legs and feet. The logs and feet of tho young birds appear ?rrro*oth nnd gloosy, with the too nails rather short; the old birds have their scales rusty and rough, the toe sail"/ lo*ng, and tho feet smewhnt worn A year old bird, well taken care of, will sing untill it reacde the age of eight or ten years. It is much better to purchase a male than a fe.nnlo bird, as the latter hardly sing at all. Tho male has a short, stonti hill/ wide between tho eyes, with a full round head while the female is moro slender.- TrVe long breed canaries, bred for stylo and shape, orignally imported from Germany, were very much fought after ? number of years ago, but they prove to be very poor singers' rmd very weak birds. Three fo irths of the difiiculitic's and miseries 6f men come from the fact that most vMnt wealth without earning it, fame without deserving it popularity without teraparence, respect without vir aud happiness withoutholiuess. Ifyotifind a person circulating ma licious reports about hia nnbof, ii' wisf ?* be sot down as art inviolable rule that? any such person is dishonest. 'ffiot ?nty dishonest; but fiom his infamous.disposi tion, du (ige ron 3 to all with nimm he may be a<pj Hin ted: He circulates falsa Uktftfil sions ana sei* peoplo upon an > ?rfoneou?' course of judgement add Conduct-ifil spectto others, whicll h^dyYrequ??t!^|jfa*^ ruinous to their prospenfyi |dtw^;ii> general injury to society, more' tHrtrf t</ party injured,as it destroys coiiftdcne'cj. The perSoh wTio is guilty of "dreflating malicious reports must necessarily:bo [ deceitful' and therefore, dishuttSB|po hd * r must be abandoned to every principle of < moral feeding. In ancient times, when a man was convicted of bung a slnndeier, ho was stoned to death as a dnhger and1'' a curse to the community. In magert*' times (here is* even a better remedy ttailt - this, to cease all association 'with euch, characters. Treat them like lep'ors; - abandon them to their kind, which is d social death, one by which they serve as an example to others. That1 rule is ob served among all intelligent people and should be invariably tarried .out till 11(0" desired object is accomplished: ?H. G." and tJw Beijanr (New York CtorrespWdcn'cc'i?^^ bune.) Horace Qreely was, until the last day* of his life, the victim .of, wr^cuniotw cheats. He ftMMHfflfl ,4ft. pri|y?pf5&ert giying them a penny, and yet. in prac tice he was a perpetual purveyor to their imaginary needs., .^^^JP^f*!** J? doubt if any energetic applicant for ft loan ever left the presence of the grcrit journalist Wit?puT carryng his point: During- the last twenty-five years of fats life, Mr. Greeley must have lent to en* tircly irresponsible persons, without the! slightest expectation of getting anything j back, not far from 50, Every week nc would berate himself for his encour agement of such "confounded loafers," as he styled them, and express his determi nation to reform his loose and lavish habit. But with tho new week would be resumed the open handed generosity,, from the impossibility of saving "no," even to the tfi?st tr?risp?ren'. impostor. While entering the* IWbuwk office; the editor would often notice a borrower lying in wnirft; and tell Him before ham! {here wus no use of asking for money; thnt ho could not jjot nnothcr nonnv un der any circumstances. 'J be cozener, however, knowing his mon, would follow him into his sanctum, and in less than ft minute Mr Greeley Would bo setfn open ing his pocket-book, aud bo hoard to say; t "now,- take that and don't come here any , more, for I'm going to turn over a new leaf." Oi course, the new leaf was never turned over unless in a backward direc tion. The journalist's reputation as a - succorer of suckers was so firmly estab lished that he drew them from every quarter, and could not shake' tfeeiri off; I ? Word eor Horses.?At this sea sou of the year, farmers and all others I who own boiscs, should pay barticalar I attention to the shoeing of their animabty '.in order to protect them from falling upon the rough roads, aud doing theirf-' selvcs injury, as* they alre irpl to' do when the highways ars covered with ice, as they are at tho present time in eomo p'aces, both in and out of town. We saw a team of horses in front of our office the other day, tire of which hardly knew what to dov The hoses Were Jnro?th-bbt tomed, or crse shoeless; and were' stand ing partly in the gutter. It was almost impossible for them to regain the road on account of its icy condition, x low ever, after several efforts, tho animals reached the road, when it required au extra exer tion on the part of tho driver to keep them on the'rr feet until they reached bare grourVd. No humane man will drive horses, during the wiutor eeasou' in ho condition thso poor animals were. He not only does au injuuicy to himself, but a great injury io his use-iui nnimnis by so doing. Remember that a merciful man is merciful to his benst.