Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PAGE TWO THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY, SOUTH CAROLINA THURSDAY, MAY 4, 196* 1218 Coilefw Street NEWBERRY. S C. • PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Annfield, Jr., Owner ^ j Ca Second-Class postage paid at . Newberry, South rolina. 1 TO SUBSCRIPTION BATES: $2.00 per year in ad- nce; six month*. $1.25. WASHINGTON ’AND "SMALL BUSINESS" By C. WILSON HARDER COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS Well, the fires of the Civil war hurst into flame in Charleston. Well, well, well! I am a sort of rebel too, being a native Southerner, a South Car olinian and a Charleston-born cit izen of Clarendon, but I attended New York university and have known so many men from New York, the New England states, and the middle and far west that I hold no feeling of rancor. No one could have a greater veneration for our beloved Gener al Lee than I have and I see in memory not only the figure of the jjreat general in the Chapel of Washington and Lee University, hut the unchanged office of the general as he left it his last day there. But, while cherishing the principles of the South and the valorous sons and noble women of the South I hold all in respectful regard, even, if necessary, recall ing the immortal words “They know not what they do.” We of the South are victims of the clap-trap of politicians, be ginning with Franklin Roosevelt, ‘ Mrs. Roosevelt and James A. Far ley. Our Mr. Kennedy and our learned Chief Justice are follow ing in the path blazed by those who have stirred up a lot of ill- feeling between white and colored people. I have had an unusual exper ience with fellow Americans and I cherish warmly my Northern and Western friends; and I have 4}uite a solicitious and appreciat ive regard for many colored peo ple. We men of the South were rear ed in communities Laving many colored people; we have observed the splendid progress of the col ored people, but let us not forget that the notable advancement of colored people has been in com-1 munities of white people. Probably our Northern friends don’t understand the South. Many a Southern man rears and snorts and “cusses’ ’about colored people and yet will ue the first to go to colored people in need or distress. Most colored people have a white friend to whom they go in time of trouble. I have known a white man to rebuke another white man md offer to defend the colored man with every cent he had. All this race venom has griev ously spoiled a once happy rela tionship. Meddlers—many w e 11- meaning—have caused the milk of human kindness to curdle. A learned discussion of the downfall of Rome tells of the gradual but constant growth of Central Power and the loss of self-government by the individual. “As Professor Hardy notes, even in this age of internal peace and security against external attack, internal weaknesses were develop ing which became aggravated with the passing of time and fin ally proved fatal to the very ex istence of the empire. One early SENATOR STROM RMOND The Lesson of Cuba ", . . our security may be lost piece by piece, country by coun try, without the firing of a single missile or the crossing of a single border . . . The message of Cuba, of Laos . . . are all the same. The complacent, the self-indulgent, the soft societies are to be swept away with the debris of history # . We intend to profit from this lesson.” THOSE WELL-CHOSEN words were uttered by President Ken nedy recently before a meet ing of news paper editors following the first bad news on the Cuban invasion. They tell a story that America must learn — in fact that America and her leaders should have learned long ago: the com munists intend to dominate the world and subvert freedom and capitalism everywhere to the tyranny of totali 4 ’' an rule by communist bosses rho would level everyone to the lowest common denominator. They in tend to succeed—in fact, they are convinced that the communist world revolution is inevitable— by use of any means available: deceit, lying, bluff, murder, steal ing, subversion, etc. IN A RECENT newsletter, I pointed out that Americans must xcalize that communism is at war with us on many fronts and that our failure to recognize this fact could cause our defeat. I urged that we take the initiative instead of reeling and reacting to com- aumist aggressions and subver- aions. In taking the offensive, however, we must be prepared to win. We were not prepared in the Cuban invasion because we did not determine to make vic torious the effort to oust Castro and communism, even if we had to bring about overtly his over throw ourselves. We have cer tainly fooled no one that we did just about everything in the invasion except supply the needed strength to win. WITH THEIR SELF-assured attitude, the Reds will push us as far as possible to speed their “inevitable triumph,” but they want no part of our thermonu clear destructive power. Com munist strategy calls for all-out war only if or when the Reds attain sufficient power io knock us out without being themselves kayoed in a thermonuclear ex change. They do not today pos sess that capability. WE HAVE SUFFERED a hu miliating defeat in Cuba, and “what is past is prologue.” If, however, the Cuban failure should serve to awaken America to the dire consequences of misjudging communism and if it serves to give us a determination to win in every tussle with communism, then perhaps the loss will not be so great after all. THE CUBAN DEBACLE should also help us to realize that we cannot continue to seek a “self-indulgent and soft” exis tence through the route of wel- fare-statism in our country and expect to survive with our free dom intact. One of the greatest- utterances President Kennedy has made since taking office was ^his Inaugural plea to Americans to “Ask not what y our ebuntry can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.” RATHER THAN following this sage advice, however, the Con gress has passed one piece of welfare-state legislation after an other, and most of it has been approved at the request of the Administration. Little else has been done on Capitol Hill. THE PRESIDENT has made commendable moves to strength en our defense forces, and he intends to re-evaluate our space program and our policies in wrestling with communism. In this he will have the strong sup port of the Congress, just as the Congress will back him staunchly in ai.y move he may make to let the communists know that we will not tolerate communism or out side domination anywhere in the Western Hemisphere — that is, that we will enforce the Monroe Doctrine. ON THE DOMESTIC frdnt, I again urge that we get down tp fundamentals and put first thing! / first. If this means sacrifices or harder living in order to wage a successful war against commu nism in space, in deterrent power, in diplomacy, in propaganda, and in preserving freedom at home and abroad, there is little doubt what choice the American people would be willing to make. Sincerely, The staggering cost of all government, federal, state, and local, which is how consuming almost one third of the national income is not all due to just Washington alone. States, eoudlM, etties, fas fact, all who have the pow- er to tax, seem to have gone on a huge spend* ing spree. The sheer figures are som ewhat staggering. In 1950, total state taxes c. W. Harder were $8 billion. In 1960 they were $18 billion. * v * In 1960 all branches of gov ernment collected $127 billion in taxes, actually spent $153 bil lion. Yet despite these huge col lections, the combined govern ment debt is • $365 billion, or close to one third mofe than the $281 billion debt in 1950, despite tax collections that have doubled in ten years. * * * But most . cresting is the fact that of the $153 billion in government spending in 1960, 37% was spent by state and local govenunent. * * * This is a strange paradox. * * * Obviously, with modern war fare using huge amounts of ex pensive hardware, federal ex penses in paying off on the cost of World War II and Korea are bound to be high. * * * , But what is most difficult to understand is why state and local government, nof charged with maintaining defense, is spending over half as much as the federal government, v v v And against this background © National Federal Ion of Independent Bmlnew qf ehormous state and local government taxes and expendi tures, ft is still even more diffi cult to understand why in some quarters it is felt that the fed eral government should dig up money for schools. / •* • • • After all, if state and local governments, with' the huge amounts of taxes they are col lecting, cannot support their local schools adequately with out federal help, there is some thing quite amiss. * * * It is perhaps time responsi ble people in local communities start taking an even more ac tive interest in government, es pecially expenditures. There must be fearful waste. * • * For example, in California, it was found that the state school bureaucrats were in the process of burning over a rriil- lion dollars of unused textbooks in reading and music for ele mentary grades because cer tain school officials had a whim they would prefer to have dif ferent texts in the schools, oo* It would seem taxpayers should have protection against boneheaded bureaucrats. ♦ * « Perhaps it should be required that everyone holding a public job that gives the authority to handle money or property should be bonded for substan tial amounts so Chat the tax payers have recourse when they suffer damages due to poor judgment. ♦ * * Perhaps this could be a form of “idiot’s insurance.” It would be healthy for the taxpayers. The crackpots wOdld be elimi nated from responsible govern ment jobs, and in addition, bu reau operations would be under the surveillance of edmpetent businessmen with a financial interest in proper tax handling. FARM NOTESlfiatS printed at government expense) \ symptom of trouble was that the wealthy men began to dodge the expensive honors associated with the office of local magistrate. This was because constantly rising rates of taxation were shearing them more and more closely. More over they were expected to help their communities out of debt by ‘voluntary’ loans. By the middle of the second century there were cases when individuals had to be drafted as local magistrates. And, as cities got into financial difficulties, im perial curators were put in charge and the cities lost their self-gov ernment. “This extension of paternalism, according to Professor Hardy, was accompanied by a tremendous in crease in the personnel of the imperial civil service. Every bu reau expanded its field and new bureaus were constantly being ad ded. By the third century, to quote the historian Trever, ‘the relentless system of taxation, req uisition and compulsory labor was administered by an army of mil itary bureaucrats . . . Everywhere . . . were the personal agents of the emperors to spy out any re motest case of attempted strikes or evasion of taxes’. “Another financial burden was the growing cost of the handouts of free food and the pub i; c games which were considered the best means of keeping the Roman pro letariat peaceable and contented. Originally a fairly frugal allot ment of food was made once a month. By the time of Marcus Au relius there was a daily distribu tion of bread, pork and oil. The expenditure on gladiatorial com bats and public spectacles continu ed to climb, until it reached the estimated equivalent of $100 mil lion a year. Roman financial policy became one of creeping and not-so-creep* ing inflation. The most common Roman coin lost about 98 per cent of its value between the time of Augustus, at the begirfning of the Christian era, and the reign of Diocletian, almost three cen turies later. Perhaps the principal reason for the declining state of the Ro man finances was the increasing burden of the military establish ment. The cost of the army, ac cording to Professor Hardy, doub led between 96 A.D. and 180 A.D and this rate of progression most probably increased during the lat er phases of the decline. The pro portion of Romans or Italians in the legions steadily diminished and Hadrian and other emperors pursued the policy of recruiting barbarian mercenaries and filling up the ranks with peasants from more remote and least civilized parts of the empire. The consequences, according to Professor Hardy, were as follows: ‘The army became composed eith er of ignorant men from the most backward parts of the empire, or of foreigners. In spirit and in culture they were peasant wolves with little, if any, respect for the fat sheep they were supposed to protect. This divorce between bar barized army and civilized but soft civilians was the immediate cause of the collapse’. A period of military anarchy, in which emperors were put up and dethroned and murdered by the legions preceded the final in undation of the western part of the empire by the barbarians. Diocletian, who brought some temporary order and stability in to the declining empire about the end of the third century, issued an edict fixing the maximum price for all goods and all kinds of labor. Death was the penalty for breaking the code. Yet prices continued to rise and this supreme effort to enforce economic regi mentation ended in a fiasco. The more well-to-do citizens in each community were made col lectively responsible for bringing in the taxes, as a result of which they soon ceased to be well-to-do. Farmers were tied to the soil; their sons had to remain farmers. Similarly the sons of artisans had to follow their father’s trade. As Professor Hardy sums it up: ‘There was no escape from this re lentless regimentation. For regi mentation was the end-result of the abdication of political freedom and of the pursuit of materialism. The welfare state had become a despotism’. “Ever higher taxes, an ever in creasing bureaucracy, the growth of an omnipotent state, the para lysis of local initiative, a growing reliance on a central authority that started with some features of a welfare state and ended in full-fledged totalitarianism — such was the unhappy story. Does it require much exercise of the imagination to recognize in our own country and our time some germs, at least, of the politi cal diseases that first sapped and finally brought down the ‘gran deur that was Rome’?” I’ve quoted a review by William Henry Chamberlain of Prof. Har ry’s lecture on the^fall of ancient Rome. I add a quotation from a great editor? “Well then, do we just go on and on along the deficit course the President has charted for this fiscal year and the next? But it might be supposed that by now everyone would understand the meaning of that course. It hasn’t taken so many years to halve the value of the dollar with deficit- created paper; it wouldn’t take many years to complete the pro cess. Moreover, in case anyone has forgotten, inflation is not a syno nym for well-grounded prosper ity. Historically a thorough-going inflation results in what the Ad ministration is presumably inter ested in avoiding, a' thorough-go ing depression. The Kennedy administration is young, but its spending ideas are as old as they are clear. Perhaps we need a little less complacency about this trend of steadily-climb ing Federal expenditures, a little less calm acceptance. Perhaps we need considerably more question ing about v nat the nation is sup posed to use for the wherewithal.” Two questions which come up every year are the Merchants’ Floor Tax and the allowance of Depreciation on machinery. Much of the trouble arises, I think, from lack of knowledge of the subject. A merchant may have a stock of a hundred thousand dollars and may pay every year on stock he has had on hand several years; or (By Cmrnty Agents) How To Increase Egg Profits Last year egg prices were . good. Our egg producers made money. This year it is already evident that egg prices will not be as good as last year. The outlook is not niuch brighter for next year. Therefore Newberry County egg producers should make every at tempt to increase egg profits dur ing this decline in egg prices. Here’s some information we came across recently that seems to us could be \ of help to you in this situation. This information shows several ways it might be possible to increase your egg profits by as much as $180 per 1000 layers annually. Egg Production: An increase of 6 1-2 eggs per bird for the year at an average price of 33 cents would yield the extra $180 per 1000 hens. If your production is not already over 200 eggs per hen, you should give this serious consideration. Closer attention to the smaller details of feeding, care and management could turn the trick. Feed Conversion: A reduction of 0.3 of a pound in the feed re quired to produce a dozen eggs means a saving of slightly over $180 per 1,000 layers. A big as signment you say T Yes, it is. But it certainly is worth going after. It means constant attention to a- void overfilling of feeders and properly adjusted tube feeders. It may mean a war on rats and mice. It could mean shiftirtg to a smaller bodied bird. Pullet Depreciation: This is the difference between the cost of a ready-to-lay pullet and the price she brings when sold at the end of her laying year. It usually is se cond only to feed in egg product ion costs. Reduce pullet deprecia tion by 15 percent and you im prove your profit picture by $180 per 1000 htens. This does not ne cessarily mean buying the pullets at a cheaper price. You can’t af ford to sacrifice quality for price. You can reduce this cost by one cent per dozen if you can get 10 more weeks of 50 percent product ion from your layers beyond the time you would normally sell them. Increase Average Price Receiv ed: An income of one cent per do zen in average price received du ring the year would increase re turns by $180 per 1000 birds bas ed on a production of 18 dozen per hen. The price of eggs is something most producers think they can do nothing about. To a Former Resident Died Last Sunday Robert Frank Wright of 419 Pard Rd., Metairie, La., died on April 27. Mr. Wright was a retired offi cial of the Westinghouse Com pany. He was a graduate of New berry High School, and Clemson College, class of 1916. He was born in Houston, Texas, the son of the late George P, Wright and Stevie K. Bowers Wright. He is survived by his wife, Mrs. Frances Wright, and one daugh ter, Frances; also by one sister, Miss Katherine Wright of Sum ter, and one nephew, Major Geo. P. Wright of Shaw Field; also by a number of relatives in Newber- ly. Services were held in New Or leans on April 29. Growing Vegetable Crops * Without Soil A new interest among garden ers these days is Hydroponic Cul ture of vegetable crops. This high sounding term simply means grow ing plants without soil. The name itself implies that the plants are grown in water. Actually, the nu trients are supplied in water sol ution but the plants mar be sus pended in water or they may be produced with roots in sand, cin ders. gravel, or even wood shav ings. Tomatoes are most frequently grown by this method, although many other plants may also be grown. The main advantage of this water growing method is to) obtain relatively higher yields from a much smaller space. Or else, to get away from a specific oroblem such as nematodes or cer tain diseases. On the other hand, it will likely be much more ex pensive and will require much clo ser attention than does the normal method of gardening. In case you are interested, we have a new bulletin on the sub ject. Be sure to get one if you plan to either experiment or attempt to put into practice this method of plant growing. 5-Acre Soybean Contest Last year Spartan Grain and Mill Company in cooperation with Clemson College sponsored a soy bean production contest for the counties of the Piedmont District which includes Newberry County. We have just received word that the contest will again be conducted this year. We hope many Newber ry County farmers will be inter ested. Last years’ winner produced al most 50 bushels per acre. The av erage of all contestants enrolled was over 30 bushels per acre. We expect our soybean acreage to be increased a good bit this yean* The Mm ■ <<> >' A WASHINGTON LETTER from OUN D. JOHNSTON SOUTH CAROLINA'S SENIOR SENATOR “• r $8 •#$ certain extent they are right.* cl<>sin ^ However there are opportunities contest 13 Jun< 18th ' Let us know to increase this average price. They include, sending only clean eggs to market, cutting down on the number of cracked eggs, and raising egg grade through better, holding conditions. This likely j soon ’ means having cooling facilities in your holding room. Most of our Newberry produc ers are already doing a good job of management, etc. in producing eggs. However, we feel every pro ducer will be looking for ways to increase profits before the end of this year. We hope this infor mation may help. if you’re interested. Farmers who plan to plant soy beans should be aware that plant ing seed are getting scarce. See about getting your supply lined up AMERICA HAS BEEN su cessfully lulled to sleep and ‘ has failed to recognise the true nature of the battle ire are in with Russia. While America has treated the cold war as an economic battle and poured billions into foreign aid, some of it to Communist-affiiated countries, Russia has spent bil lions infiltrating governments of countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and now even the Carib bean. * „ * * AMERICA MUST AWAKEN to the fact that we are in the greatest ideo logical struggle the world has ever known. If we are to survive we must support the freedom-loving peoples of the world wherever they may be, and whenever they attempt to throir off the shackles of international Ommunism. RUTHLESS COMMUNISM WHEN THE HUNGARIAN people revolted against their Communist rulers, they were ruthlessly slaughtered in the streets of Budapest by Com munist tanks and guns. When freedom-loving Cubans at tempted to overthrow their Communist masters in Cuba last week, they were crushed by Communist trnks, guns and airplanes. * v • FREEDOM CANNOT SURVIVE if America sup ports it only with lip service and CARE packages, while the Russians support Com munism on every continent and at our very doorstep ^ with the latest equipment of warfare. Since 1823 Amer ica, under the Monroe Doc trine, has kept European governments from interfer ing in this hemisphere and the Doctrine is as valid to day as it was then. Fan tastic as it may seem, there are still those in America who argue that this in only an economic battle. * * -• THEY SAY THAT if we in crease our foreign aid, lower our trade barriers, and love our neighbor, we will win this battle. We have tried their ideas for years over the pro tests of many, myself included, and seen a third of the people of the world fall to .Commu nism. Hie only thing Commp- nists understand is force, and we must show them force. * • • WHEN WE ESTAB- LISHED a blockade of Guatemala ana Nicaragua the Communists were duly impressed and packed down. We mast stand ready to snn country will be able to achieve freedom. A brave people, alone and unarmed, cannot overthrew the armed Communist conspiracy. Al ready we are told by the. leftwing press that the fail ure of the Cuban revolution does not present a danger to ns* They tell their readers that Cuba cant harm the United States even with Rus sian jet planes and modenr equipment. They say, “Let’s wait nntil Cube attacks America or a Latin Ameri can neighbor and then deal with Castro.” * * ■* THERE ARE FREEDOM- LOVING people in Cuba who* want to throw off a Communist master. We either support freedom, or we do not A peo ple cannt t be expected to rise against tyrants if they have te nse antiquated rifles against monstrous armored tanks. SOFTENING DEMOCRACY? OVER SO TIMES the United States has seat troops into Latin America to protect American interests, bat now we balk at ade quately equipping Cabans to flight for freedom. Castro flew false colors to get United Rates moral, finan cial, and press support. He deceived his people and established a Communist puppet government He ha* confiscated U> billion dol lars’ worth of A meric ait property. He promised hi* people land reform and then took 90% of the land for hi* Communist govenunent He has suppressed the Churchr and press and gone so far as to threaten America. He has pressed the Communist dagger to our very throat. In the interest of oar free dom and the freedom of oar Latin neighbors, Castro must be overthrown by whatever means are necessary* • « • AGAIN AND AGAIN I have warned that we must stand for freedom, support freedom an<L if necessary, fight for or our children will grow up in a Communist world as Khrushchev has boasted. On July 12, 1960, Khrushchev de clared, “We consider that the Monroe Doctrine has outlived its time—has died, so to say, a natural death.” On) govern ment has replied that the prin ciples of the Monroe Doctrine are as valid today as they were in 1828. • • • - • THE CRISIS has new come; it is time to stand up and be counted. ARE YOU op ppar* he may be charged for stock on hand a comparatively short time. But, however we may figure that, the merchant pays on a far higher rate of value than the land-owner. The average big Corporation is also heavily charged. But usually the merchant complains only of the floor tax—which should* be equit ably fixed; and the big industrial concern complains principally of the harsh depreciation. Let’s get close to our own af fairs. A man buys a $4000 car to day. What will that car sell for a year from now, if it has been in use every day? Just thinl. over that. What may an industrial p’ant claim? 13%! Well, if a car co;’>ts you $4000 and you use it every day—and most nights—could you sell it for $3230 ? Mark you now: Day and night, heavy machinery— 13%. An industrial enterprise install ing machinery costing five million dollars, could save 37% more in England than here the first year. What about it? The big enterpris es would borrow less money and would save thousands of dollars. And then it could afford to install new machinery oftener, making- products at less cost and selling in competition with foreigners. We have started wropg, or some where we switched to the wrong track. Instead of trying to make all we can, we have changed to this: How much can we spend? We seem to have adopted the plan of the young bride who bought—on credit—everything that appealed to her, not considering hubby’s salary, the taxes, car - upkeep, gasoline^ etc.; and when reproach ed for extravagance said—Well, the only thing necessary is for him to earn more money! Even so; poor old boy! m .. 34aiis .yaftgB There Are Cuff Links and Cuff Links aL -- . - . .j. . ■