Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PAGE TWO THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY, SOUTH CAROLINA THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 1961 1218 College Street NEWBERRY. S. C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Second-Class postage paid at Newberry, South Carolina. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year tn ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS We have too greatly emphasiz ed the Presidency of the United States; the Congress acts as a feeble yes, yes body and smarts under presidential compulsion. It is the Congress which should pre pare bills, as the Congress may see the need. Instead of that the President submits even prepared bills and cracks his whip. Our country is suffering from too many laws, too many pro grams, too many public state ments, too much TV publicity for men in office. Even more annoying is the strangulation of business, the virtual destruction of individ ual initiative; and the oppressive retaliations of numerous Govern ment Commissions of entrenched bureaucrats. I must repeat the utter un-Am erican graduated Income tax and the confiscatory tax of fifty-two per cent of Corporate income. All the while that the Govern ment is collecting 52 per cent from enterprises it is lending money to their non-taxpaying competitors at 2 per cent although the Government is paying three and one half and four per cent for the money it lends to non-taxpay ing favorites at 2 per cent—two per cent!! Ponder this: What sort of fool ishness is that? Do you know why? Your Congressman thinks that sort of business will earn the support of the favored group. We have sunk to the level of measur ing everything by the number of votes—organized votes, for the majority of unorganized Ameri cans are taxed to support the or ganized non-taxpaying minority. I have before me the annual re port of a comparatively small cor poration of Pennsylvania. Consider this statement: ; Cost of materials and services used by the company $49,788,054 PayroU $29,981,522 Employee Benefits $ 7,802,971 Taxes $ 4,916,226 Deprc’n and rentals $ 4,255,758 Interest paid $ 1,228,341 Retained for reinvest ment in business $ 3,517,283 Dividends (amount paid to the owners $ 1,430,892 Well, the only one without a friend is the owner; the owner is just about skinned and thrown out into the dark, cold world. isn’t he? Let’s see how that would apoly to the farmer: Thin k of a farmer vvith 100 acres. Disregarding for the moment Government regula tions, let us measure his income by the rule of the small corpora tion. Let’s allow him 50 acres in cot ton, 3acres in tobacco, 20 acres in pasture and home site, barns, etc; 27 acres in corn and miscel laneous crops. 50 acres in cotton, 50 bales of 500 pounds at 35c $8,750.00 Tobacco, 6000 lbs at 60c $3,600 27 acres in corn, 60 bushels to the acre at $3 $4,860 Miscellaneous: (milk, eggs, fruit, truck, hogs, cattle $$2,000 Total Income $19,210 Of course this is not according to Hoyle, or the higher levels of Tradd Street agriculture. Now let’s distribute that, more or less as a corporation distribu tes: The corporation I have in mjnd sold its products for $102, 921,047. It paid 48.8 per cent for raw materials; 28.1 per cent for payroll; Income taxes .041; prop erty and other taxes .007 wear and tear .036; rentals paid .005; Interest paid .012; retained for development .034; paid to own ers .014. As you see, iheowners of the company take home the crumbs. So the owners receive .014. The farmer, of course is entitled to remuneration for services, but for his dollar investment he would here receive .014 on his gross pro duct of $19,210 or $268.94. Would you like to be a farmer on that basis? If you should think of retiring and just living on the farm—even without paying rent for the house, would $268.94 look like a windfall ? No, sir; you would need quite a strong dose of So cial Security to make ends meet. So you see how discouraging it is to be a stockkholder. If you were taxed as the power companies and merchants are taxed, while your neighbor goes scot free, pays no taxes and bor rows money , at 2 per cent while you pay seven!! What do you think of the glam or of being a stockholder? My brother scribe of Pickens carries a story you may enjoy: “Turned off alarm clock (price $5, tax 50c) at 7 a.m. and fell out of bed (price $100, tax $10). Push ed back electric blanket (price $28, tax 84c). Snapped on 33 cent light bulb (tax 2c). Used electric razor WASHINGTON AND’ . .. SMALL BUSINESS*®; By C. WILSON HARDEN: With one of the heaviest ma jorities on record on any issue, the nation’s independent busi nessmen, voting through the National Federation of Indepen dent Business, have expressed opposition to the proposal that the President of the United States be given the power to change the income tax rates. The vote against this proposal was 83%. * * * There has been consid erable discus sion along the Potomac of permitting C. W. Harder the president, at times where there is a slowdown in business activity, to reduce or even sus pend, for a period, the income tax deductions from paychecks. * * * While at first blush this may sound like a logical way to meet an economic emergency, such a plan has many dangers. * * * But probably foremost in the of the nation’s indepen dent business when they con sidered this measure was a deep reluctance to transfer any more power from Congress to executive branch of federal government. * * * The businessmen have al ready seen the widespread de struction of vast areas of Amer ican business and employment when Congress relinquished control over tariffs to permit the State Dept, to sabotage the protective tariff system. They have seen the Federal Reserve Board play ducks and drakes with supply and cost of credit, and they have seen National Labor Relations Board play hob with everything. © National Federation of Independent Business But undoubtedly the greatest reason was the awareness that there is no simple nostrum to solve the present problems. Vast issues cannot be solved by half vast measures. * * * The problem of today and at least for the next decade is to provide more jobs. More jobs depend on more employers. To achieve more employers, there must be new business enter prises. For new erterprises there must be more riok capital. * * * Today, there is only naif risk capital available, because the government takes no risk. Let a new business start, and if it doesn't make it, the starters of that business have taken all the risk. But iet it make some money while still in its infancy, and the tax man is right at the door for his cut, whether or not the foundling business needs these earnings to continue. * * * Thus, it would perhaps be nice at times for Joe to feel he could afford an extra beer on his way home, or for his wife to feel she could buy a new washing machine. But that is not going to encourage some body xo risk money in setting up a new brewery, or washing machine company, which would provide more' jobs. Presumab ly, this could help an already existing brewery or factory, but the problem is not alone that of keeping present employ ing units healthy but also to promote new job creating en terprises. * * * Thus, the tajfc.jjroblem of to day is not one of adding hasty emergency provisions to an al ready jerry built structure, but rather it is a problem of reforming the tax system so more people will be encouraged to risk money in new ventures to provide more jobs. (price $22, tax $1.32) on drawn face. Applie^^smell of success ( (bay rum—$L3u a bottle plus 13c j tax). Lost ti#-clasp (price 3, tax ! 30c). while d^essing.vLooked for ward to breakfast. Orange juice | in the .refrigerator (price $300.00, j tax $9). Toast in the toaster * (price $16, tax 48c). Coffee perk ing on the stove (a $210 job, dis regarding the $6.30 tax). Phoned car-ppol Henry (monthly bill $12, plus $1.20 tax)."Oh well, relax at the station. Before train pulled in, needed a cigaact v(pack cost 13c plus 15c tax. Boarded train. Join ed three pals for bridge. Chipped in for cards, 40c adeck (tax 13c.). Got lots of work done at the office (annual income $7,500, federal and state withholding $1,328. Left for lunch $1.40 plus 3c tax. Crept back. “Home at last.’ Th^nk heavens. Stumbled into the castle (price $16,000, annual property tax $310). Kissed wife. (Hidden tax). “Will-yum, ‘said mama sharply, ‘we haven’t made out our income tax.” I make no claim to poetical ef- fus on, but in my suffering I cry aim d, as follows: T< catch dame fortunes golden smile assidous wait upon her and gather gear by every wile that’s justified by honor. Not for to hide it in a hedge or for a train attendant, but for the glorious compulsion of the day to pay the tax pendente (to think ourselves prudente.) O, for the happy days before Lend-lease, Marshall plan and Foreign aid and World uplift when we paid taxes to a few for the good of many. Today we have so many tax- eaters that nearly every home draws support from the Govern ment—some government. As a poet I rank considerably below Tennyson for clarity and sweetness, but I almost rank with some of the smaller “fry” in ob scure phrasing. What a fabulous Government and what egregiously foolish peo ple are we!! The President is wjlling to make concessions to Congress! Says a dispatch. Congress should say: “Mr. Pres ident, make your recommenda- I tions, as the constitution says, but, ‘layoff’, we are the lawmak ers.” Try to imagine the Queen of Great Britain sending a MUST to Parliament! —boggling at the foreign aid fig ure, will simply decide to stop counting, lor the numbers are like ly to run out before the alleged ‘need’ does’. Hear the Saturday Evening Post: “In announcing the appointment of a new member to the board of the Tennessee Valley Authority, President Kennedy urged that or ganization to ‘study ways in which the lessons it has learned in the Tennessee .Valley may be exported abroad’. While few dis pute the accomplishments of TVA as an engineering accomplishment it would be less than accurate to send abroad the impression that only by tax-consuming, semi-soc-j ialistic projects have we taken! ‘long leaps forward’. Actually the most striking progress in this in dustry, as in most others, has been made by private-investor companies. Despite taxes and in terest rates which favor public power, with more to come in the new Administration, at least 80 per cent of our electric power is produced by private-enterprise companies. The Idaho Power com pany’s Hell’s Canyon dams add enormously to the power resour ces of the area and, incidentally, pay $10,000,000 in Federal, state and local taxes. Experimentation in the use of nuclear fuel for el ectric power production is being carried out with the money of American savers and investors, by a number of power companies. 17 nuclear plants are in construction at a cost of about $700,000,000. Obviously a vast publicly financ ed and virtually tax-exempt en terprise like TVA can produce electricity, but the message which one might expect an American government to send abroad is the fact that the most significant American economic progress, in cluding that in the electric power industry, has been made by private corporations and individuals. At times one is tempted to believe that many American politicians have forgotten this fact. On the other hand, it is difficult to find much public support for socializ ed industry. Last November in the so-called public power states in the western part of the country— despite the effort of Democratic candidates to make public power an important campaign issue — Republicans won in most of these states. It is not insisted that ef- “85,800,000,000. Give or take a few hundred million dollars, the figure above is the total cost of United States foreign aid pro grams during the 15 years since World War II. To those of us ac customed to dealing with homely sums like $1.98, it’s hard to im agine the amount of money rep resented by those eleven digits.” “Yet this sum that surpasses comprehension, we’re told, isn’t nearly enough; foreign aid must go on and on, as an obligation passing from one generation to the next. If this be so we wonder what the sum will be, with digits out like boxcars, 10, 20 and 30 years hence”. “Maybe some future generation forts to plug public power ac count for the defeat of Demo cratic candidates in these states— only that the alleged issue did not generate enough steam to elect them.” Pupils To Have PTA Program The Silverstreet Parent-Teacher Association will meet Friday night, April 21 at 8 o’clock in the school auditorium. The teachers and pupils of the school will have the program. All patrons are urged to attend. BY THOMAS COLLIN^ AGE 65 IS A NEW DAY ’ I 'HIS is not to do it. Take to heart what follows here, and from it you will see a clue to your own retirement. John W. Smith (which is a kind name to give him) retired last January 1st. He was upper middle class and had a family, a neigh borhood and a salary that were the same. His retirement income to taled S380 a month. His savings totaled $7,800. His life insurance (paid up) had a face valur of $12,000. Mr. Smith had enjoyed belong ing to things—a couple of civic clubs, a semi-private golf club and some fraternal groups. He also enjoyed helping the Red Cross, the Community Chest, the Playground Association and the Society for Better Storm Sewers. He decided—and since he al ways knew best, Mrs. Smith went along—that in retirement he would head up two community projects that were hungry for leadership. One was a building fund drive by a school which his church spon sored; the other was a campaign by merchants to clear out a honky- tonk street that bordered the busi ness section of town, and replace it with respectable business houses. He also decided that he and his wife should sell their big, costly home (for $18,000), and buy for $10,000 a toy ranch house five blocks away which another retired couple was ready to sell. Between last January and the writing of this column, Mr. Smith has! —Fallen on his face with the fund drive, because a retired man seldom has the clout or the favors- —DON’T TRY A RERUN in-return that are usually neces sary for a successful building fund drive. — Resigned in frustration from the campaign to clear out the honky-tonk street, because a re tired man seldom has the political connections or the access to the big money that is needed for urbar renewal. —Put his little house up for sale as did the retired man before him because a home in the same com munity in which a man has pur sued his business is not a fit place to retire if he is still trying to keep up with the boys. There are certain fundamentai laws about retirement at 65. Few men succeed in breaking them. Here they are: 1. Retirement is a sort of bap tism into a new way of life, con siderably more significant than the mere laying aside of a job. 2. A man’s satisfactions in the working days of his life derive, in the main, from (a) power or influ ence, and (b) money. The power or influence ordinarily go with the job, and go when the job does. The money, once it supplies the declin ing wants of a 65-year-old man, loses its satisfaction unless em ployed to buy control of some busi ness or project. 3. Since most men retire without any new job that will give them influence or power, and without enough money to buy it. they must seek satisfactions different from those they have spent their life trying to attain. For a copy of the new Golden Years booklet by Thomas Collins, send 35 cents In coin (no stamps) to (name of newspaper). Box 1672, Grand Central Station, New York 17, N. Y. FARMS & FOLKS By L. C. HAMILTON ' Clemson Extension Specialist Thank goodness for spring! Unless the established order of the seasons goes unexpectedly haywire, there’s a lot of reasons why we may look ahead with op timism. I suppose it’s been that way from the beginning of time. If nature follows the usual pat tern this year, the unfolding leaves will produce a succession of fruits for your use in the coming months. Jonquils and asparagus are among the earliest. Tobacco, cotton, and apples will come later in the year. What brings them forth ? You might say that warm tem perature, sunshine, and rainfall are the “elements” of a season. Man can’t do much about these elements. We simply expect na ture to provide them in the right proportion and at the correct time. Of the tehree elements, water is perhaps the most variable from the standpoint of supply. At cer tain times, a shortage of water may throw crops and garden plants into a very critical condi tion. When it does, we can often give nature an assist by watering or irrigating plants. You’ve done it, I’m sure. But perhaps you’ve never placed a dollar and cents value on watering plants. S. A. Nunnery and T. V. Wil son, Clemson agricultural engi neers, studied the dollar and cents value on irrigation in a compre hensive 7-year study at Clemson.. Their research involved irrigation of cotton— a plant we normally thing of having good drought re sistance. Their work may give you a fair idea of the value of wat ering other plants as well. Does it pay to irrigate? Their research indicates a definite yes. It was worth, in net profits, $28,- 30 an acre on the average for the seven years. Before giving this profit esti mate, the engineers carefully cal culated all costs. Only the cost of making the water available was omitted. This would be so variable as to be almost meaningless, they said. Since the experiment ran over a seven year period, you can ac cept their estimate of value as iairly average for this crop. Net profits from irrigation ranged from a low of $11 an acre in 1956 to a high of $60 in 1954. Observations further indicated that irrigation was not needed at all one year out of the seven; that the croj would have gotten by four years and that it would have suffered severely for two of the seven years. The best time to start irrigat ing cotton, the engineers found, was on the first day cotton began to wilt by 10 o’clock on the morning. The time to stnrt irri gating varies with crops. Tobacco for instance, may be damaged by wilting, and you’d want to start earlier. Irfrigation not only increased cotton yield, it also increased qual ity—showing that staple lengths can be increased 1-16 to 3-32 inch by watering at the correct time. Home gardeners are usually more fortunate than farmers in their ability to supplement rain fall during critical periods of the growing season. It’s usually just a matter of hooking the water hose to the faucet. But w r hen the farmer starts ir rigating crops, it follows a major management decision and a fairly high capital investment. Despite this, many of our experts feel that such an investment may be, in many cases, a wise one. Doctors Wives Have Convention The 36th annual convention of the Woman’s Auxiliary of the South Carolina Medical Associa tion will be held in Charleston Ap- Most of them just catch cold, according to Orangeburg County Agent J. C. King. Wet, cold soils favor the development of seedling diseases. The little plants, fight ing to germinate and grow under such condlitions, just fall prey to the “bugs” and die. To remedy the situation, Mr. King suggests applying more precise methods to determine ex actly when to plant. Research has shown that cotton grows off best when planted in a soil that is 65 degrees six inches down from the surface. “Take the soil temperature at 9 o’clock for three consecutive mornings—if it’s up to 65 degrees start planting.” A thermometer, of all things! What tools will farmers use next? Saluda county 4-Hcr Arthur Nichols used Clemson’s 5-point corn program to take top honors in the county’s 1960 corn contest. In a nut shell, here’s how he did it: he planted one of the rec ommended hybrids; seeded it thick on land to which he had previously broadcast 800 pounds of 0-14-14 fertilizer; he applied an additional 250 pounds of 4-12-12 at planting time; and lated side dressed the com with 100 pounds of actual nitrogen; and irrigated twice. The result? One hundred and thirty bushels an acre. All of which reminds us, corn planting time is here again. Why do cotton seedlings die? SENATOR STROM RMOND The Best Defense Is a Good Offense THE STATEMENT has been made that the communists may succeed in their goal to dominate and communize the world and thereby stamp out capitalism and liberty because of one of many basic differences between the free and communist worlds: the com munists know they are at war with us, but we aren’t sure there is such a war. As true as this statement is, we in the Free World still have it in our power to reverse the communist move ment, which since 1946 has seen China, Eastern Europe, Indonesia, Cuba, and half of Korea, Vietnam and Laos gobbled up by the com munist conspiracy. THE FIRST THING we must do is to realize not only that com munism is the direct opposite of liberty, good, and God, but also that communism is at war with us psychological ly, ideological- ;?:> ^ ly» economical- ly, politically, Wm M MMm diplomatically —on every imaginable front. Too many believe that we are only at war when bullets are flying. They ignore the carefully aimed and executed political, propaganda, and diplomatic bullets that have been sending the Free World reel ing and reacting to communist bluff and bluster, deception and distraction, and propaganda and pressure tactics and techniques, particularly in the past 15 years. IN THEIR BLUFF and bluster tactics, the Reds have pushed us as far as possible without provok ing the devastation power of the U.S., even in times when we had not only the monopoly on nuclear power but also’ the means of de livery. The only time they over shot their bounds was when they misjudged our withdrawal of troops from Korea in 1950 and Secretary of State Acheson’s ill- timed statement that Korea was not within our defense periphery. Even then, the Soviets fought us to a standstill by proxy—that is, by using North Korean and Chi nese troops. They bluffed us into going only so far in Korea for fear of an all-out war at a time when we had both the convention- | al and nuclear means to win that war. IN THEIR TACTICS of decep tion and distraction, the Reds have succeeded in worming in and around agreements, legalisms, and our naivete. They have also kept world attention away from areas and matters which would expose the weakest positions and points of communism. For in stance, they have distracted at tention from their weakest area of control, Eastern Europe. The East Berlin, Poznan, and Hun- garian uprisings proved that they can control there only by force and fear and that we can be bluffed away from aiding these captive peoples in regaining their freedom. THE SCORE ON agreements is “old hat.” Of 52 major agree ments since World War II, the Reds have honored only 2. Yet, we continue to negotiate at sum mit conferences and naively ban our nuclear tests for 30 months while the Reds continue to make nuclear progress through sneak tests, refuse to agree to adequate inspection systems, and demand to reserve the right to a veto over the test-ban agreements—if we ever get any. PROPAGANDA-WISE, the communists have been beating our pants off in selling to the world their oppressive, godless, and ma terialistic system as against our free system which insures liberty, | individualism, worship of God, I and more material prosperity ; than the communist world has ever known. They have kept the pressure on us by keeping the initiative. They have been able to do this because they have a mas ter plan, whereas we merely try to put out the fires they set—yet, we, the people who set the stage for world independence, are charged effectively with being the imperialists and colonialists, while the Reds seize more of the world and continue to suppress their satellites. WE HAVE THE POWER and the salable system, but to reveise the current trend toward com munism, we must wake up and take the initiative. When we seize the initiative toward extending liberty and justice throughout the world, then the Reds will have to dance to our tunes and their prog ress will be stopped. Sincerely, A look at the map shows soy bean production in the East and Middle West. In crop importance, it ranks Number 2 in several mid west states—in South Carolina, Number four, which is greater, in cidentally, than the ranking in any other South Atlantic state. ril 25, 26 and 27. The convention coincides with the 113th annual session of the South Carolina Medical Associa tion. Mrs. Peter Gazes, Charleston^ is chairman of the auxiliary con vention. Mrs. George W. Smith Jr., Co- umbia, president of the auxiliary^ will preside at the three-day con vention which will include business meetings and entertainments. President-elect, Mrs. John Cutting will be installed during tfc^ HHEL - session. Mrs. Ralph Baker, Newberry, is chairman of the Civil Defense Committee for the state auxiliary. Mrs. Robert Livingston is presi dent of the local Newberry County Auxiliary. Auxiliary members will hear ad dresses by guest speakers, Mrs. Kalford Howard, president of the. Woman’s Auxiliary to the Soutk ern Medical Auxiliary, and Mrs. William MacKersie, president of the Woman's Auxiliary to the Am erican Medical Association. Delegates to the convention will be invited to join a tour of old homes, a boat trip and harbor trip —followed by a box supper and singing by. the Society of the Pres ervation of Spirituals. A tea, hon-. ©ring past state presidents, will be given Wednesday afternoon. Members will join South Caro lina Medical Association members for a banquet Thursday night, fi nal event of the joint conventions. T TTTTT WAYNS POUCHER a NEW CONCERT OF ANALYSIS B RMMNTD EACH DAY starting April 10th 1:15 p.m. & 7:00 p.m. Presented by Joanna Mills —ON— WKDK AMERICANA University Notebook The University of Chicago Rockefeller Chapel—University of Chicago The University of Chicago was founded in 1890 and opened on Oc tober 1, 1892. Originally established as a Baptist university, it is now nondenominational, privately supported and coeducational. Collegiate gothic in architectural style and grouped in quadrangles, the 110 acre campus (with over 100 buildings) extends for three-fourths of a mile on both sides of the Midway Plaisance, eight miles south of downtown Chicago. The financial support of John D. Rockefeller, its founder, and the original educational ideas of first president William Rainey Harper combined to chart for the Univer sity a course of rapid growth and influence. The University gained an inter national reputation as a center of research, but was also greatly concerned with the development of undergraduate education. Har per gathered a distinguished fac ulty, including nine presidents of colleges and universities. He es tablished junior and senior college divisions of two years each. In 1941, the program was extended to provide a four-year liberal edu cational curricuh m, beginning at the end of the sophomore year of high school. Under the plan, year long integrated courses covering the broad fields of knowledge were developed. Students met the re quirements for the bachelor’s de gree by passing, either through comprehensive examinations or placement tests taken at the be ginning of their residence, 14 re quired courses. In 1954 the plan was modified to relocate under graduate education primarily at the end of high school, and to pro vide approximately half of the re quirements in specialized fields. The University of Chicago’s en dowment is valued at $208 million, fourth largest among private Uni versities in the U. S. In 1960 the total student body exceeded 8,000; there are about 830 faculty mem bers. Living in all parts of the world are some 55,000 alumni. The university organization in cludes: the College; four divisions —the physical, biological and so cial sciences, and the humanities; six professional schools—business, divinity, law, liberal science, med icine, and social service adminis tration; the library; the press; and University College (for study off-campus at a downtown center and through correspondence.) The University of Chicago Press, the oldest in continuous publica tion in the country, publishes a number of learned journals and an average of 100 books a year. (Not printed at government expenxe)