Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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E TWO THE NEWBERRY SUN, NEWBERRY, SOUTH CAROLINA 1218 Coiltg* Street NEWBERRY. S. C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Second-Class postage paid at Newberry, South Carolina. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS By SPECTATOR Is there a shortage of water? The average citizen may of water as he uses it, perhaps two hundred gallons A day, but if he observes a steady flow of water in a restau rant that may be a thousand gallons a day. Quite a bit of water if one thinks of water just as a beverage. * Industry, however, uses water by the million gallons every day. Years ago I spent a night on a farm in Saluda County, Sfruth* Carolina. My friend the farmer had bought a hun dred beef cattle in October to fatten and sell the following Ifarch. Standing in the “lot” and observing the cattle con- sume great quantities of food I asked “Does it really pay a aubstantial profit?” His reply still rings in my ears: “Yes, Hr. Breedin, but it takes thousands of gallons of water.” Water is quite an item for a hundred cows. But the water secessary for a hundred thousand cows is nothing as com pared to the water consumption of a great industry. Did you ever think of the quantity of water necessary for a city like Charleston or Columbia? It is a marvel that we just take in our stride. This is about the only nationl've visited that offers good water for drinking purposes, for many people drink water "in spite” of the Kentucky Colonel who said that water might be all right for bathing but that no gentleman would drink it. In Europe and South America they tell you that water is “safe” in such and such places; here every town at a thousand people offers good water. Of all the things of life water is one of the best; and so cheap except that served by the drug stores on prescription. The Census appears to be impertinently inquisitive, ac cording to a lady of Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina, as may be Understood by her letter to The News and Courier. Let me quote the lady: “A few days ago I received from the Census Bureau form 60HP—5, which asked, besides those questions pertinent to the census, a number of questions concerning my living conditions and about other living units on the property where I live. To the best of my knowledge, no government agency, whether federal, state or local, has the right to question a citizen about his private affairs unless those affairs are related in some essential way to its function. Some years ago the census asked impertinent questions about my in come and investments. I very properly refused to answer them because I owed that information to the U. S. Internal Revenue Dept, and Tax Commission of Virginia, and to no other agency of government. - if the health authorities of Charleston or Mt. Pleasant had reason to believe that my living conditions violated the sanitary code of the community, I would feel that it had a right to ask such questions as pertained to the subject. I would not feel that the fire department had any right to the Information. If my home or surroundings created a fire ha- sard, I would feel that the Fire Department had a right to investigate the matter, but not the Board of Education. The Census has the right to ask your name, your birth date, your race, your sex, and, I think, your citizenship and, as far as I know, nothing else. Certainly, whether I tiae a bathtub or a shower is none of the business of the Census Bureau.. Hie irrelevant questions on this questionnaire are mostly H«$'that—-irrelevant. But the impression is being implant ed tnore and more by the federal government that private citizens are obliged to answer whatever it may choose to about their private affairs. This sort of brain washing lg, r I think exceedingly dangerous. It is, of course, the kind of technique the communists use so successfully and so dis- aetrously. And it is being done so insidiously, by such in consequential and innocent questions that the average per- aon thinks nothing of it. Certainly I, and I would suppose ftfw others, care who knows that we have the ordinary con- YMltences in our homes. But just as certainly no federal ajpncy has the right to question us about it, and the as- Stonption that any such agency has such a right is danger ous.^ '' ' H shall, of course, refuse to answer any but the proper gucstions. I hope others will do likewise.” ~One can understand that if every man, woman and child must answer in minute detail all relevant, irrelevant, perti- Sftcnt and impertinent questions the Census would be a vast storehouse of information fer anyone seeking information. Bbt is the Census to be a monumental compendium, a ver itable storehouse of information? Shall the ladies reveal their favorite movie stars, cos metics and fabrics? Which “Cola” do you drink and how many a day? What is your favorite cigarette, filter or no fitter? A gentleman might indicate his preference for Port over Sherry; and whether he takes a “nip” or a “toddy” before Itmch, or before and after and inbetween? Jfbw that isn’t being merely facetious; it would be stud ied most thoroughly by all the enterprises affected. But THURSDAY, MAY 6. 196* AMERICAN income per capita in 1959 was about 53 per cent higher than ten years ago, but less than half the rise is real, re ports the family economics bu reau of a national life insurance company. This will be the first year in our nation’s history in which personal income paid to Americans aver aged a billion dollars or more a day, for every day in the year. Personal income poured into American pockets at the stupen dous annual rate of 378 billion dol lars during the first ten months of 1959. calculated from U.S. Depart ment of Commerce monthly fig ures. Income for the remaining two months should boost that rate, to around 379 billion for the com plete year, the report estimated. This Niagara of dollars, when adjusted to our 1959 population, averages $2,140 per capita. That is 53 per cent higher than our 1949 per capita income of $1,400. But—at 1959’s higher living costs, $2,140 bought only as much consumer goods as $1,740 would buy at 1949 prices, the study shows. Therefore our increase in actual buying power or “real” in come over that 1949 income of $1,400 is not 53 per cent, but 24 per cent. Calculated from various Gov ernment indicators of our nation al output, including the soaring industrial production index, America’s 1959 output of all goods probably ran a little over 23 per cent greater than our per capita production in 1949. Wages, salaries and other labor income make up slightly over two-thirds of the nation’s total personal income. Government fig ures show. The remainder is com posed of income of business pro prietors; professional income of doctors, dentists, lawyers, etc.; income of farm proprietors; rent al income of persons; dividends; interest paid to persons, and “transfer payments," which in clude social security benefits, var ious state and local benefit pay ments, etc. The continuing tragedy of infla tion, says the report, lies in the fact that the 53 per cent rise in dollar incomes since 1949 is strict ly an average for the nation as a whole. Millions of Americans have seen their incomes increase con siderably more than 'that average. Millions of other citizens have had little or no increase in their incomes. This last is particularly true among the elderly, the wi dows and orphans, and the dis abled. need the Census be a library of stupendous omniscience? The Chicken or the Egg? THE PRESSURES for spending by the National Government in crease annually. In 1958, an all-time record high ©f peacetime spend ing was made. The $80.69 billion spent that yeai resulted also in a record shattering peacetime deficit of $12.42 billion, and put a severe strain on the Treasury’s borrowing ability. Public reaction to this spending ox*gy caused a mild braking action to be applied last year and spending was held to $78.38 billion with the Government operating in the black by a narrow margin. y • THIS YEAR the President’s budget calls for ex- penditures of $79.81 billion, an increase of $1.4 billion over last year. The Administration esti- mates that receipts will increase by $3.4 billion. The fact that this is a Presidential election year, coupled with the bait of an estimated surplus, gives added impetus to the pressure for increased spending. f THE FOLLOWING table gives some indication of how both National and State revenues and expenditures have increased in the post-war years. Gross National Product figures are included for com parison. . ! ; Item 1»46 Urn Mltions) 1959 (in billions) % inrreaac Gross National Product <cbnstant $) 316.0 478.8 51.5 Net Receipts, Natl. Gov’t. 38.568 73.282 90. Expenditures, NatT. Gov’t. 41.080 80.322 95.5 Net Receipts, State Gov’ts. V 12.357 41.219* 233. Expenditures, State Gov'ts. 11.028 44.815* 306. An Associated Press dispatch told us that the Vatican, world headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church, seat of His Holiness the Sovereign Pontiff, that is the Pope, re cently communicated with the Mayor of Dijon, France, suggesting that he, a Catholic, should absent himself when Krushchev visited Dijon. Very likely there will be a lot of comment in this country, especially since we have an active Democratic candidate for the presidency who is a Catholic. Frankly I am bound to say that no Christian should be hand in glove with the Soviet despots who openly deride our religion and seek to destroy it. I think it is a tribute to the consistency and sincerety of the Vatican that it maintains its loyalty to Christianity as something precious and not to be bandied about under the mask of diplomacy. If there is any reality in our religion we should not try to imagine a brotherly bond with those who not only are heathens but who openly and aggressively try to destroy the faith of our fathers. Do you remember? “Before the mountains were brought forth; or ever thou hast formed the earth and the world Even from everlasting to everlasting Thou art God? Are we so worldly minded; are we so fearful of human might that we have no faith? There is a book widely circulated, cited and quoted that abounds in illustrations of the Might, Majesty, Power and Dominion of the Most High. Does that Book serve merely as an ornament to grace the table? Or do we read it—a lamp unto my feet and a light unto my pathway? i What’s the matter with the youngsters? Do you usually see a lad today who says “Yes, sir” or a young lady who speaks in that vein? Where do they learn such courtesy? At home. “Oh yeah”; “O. K.”, such expressions are not learned in homes where “nice manners” are the rule. I once remarked that the courtly speech and manner of Statesburg are a refinement and social “polish” acquired in those homes of the gentry. “Government and private researchers, alarmed by the fast-spreading epidemic of youth crime, are drawing up plans for a full-scale scientific assault on juvenile delin quency. Their urgent aim: New, more effective treatment and prevention. Scientists are attacking delinquency almost like a physi cal disease. Contending that old theories about delinquency’s causes are being shattered, they aim to uncover the basic reasons for youth crime—piercing the delinquents inner most thoughts and analyzing his early home life. Conceding that present attacks on the problem fell short of success, researchers are launching large-scale experiments to check on the effectiveness of such conventional anti-delinquent weapons as athletic programs, settlement houses, juvenile courts and police youth squads. To nip trouble before it starts, scientists are trying to spot potential delinquents when they're only five or six— through close up examination of children at home or in day nurseries—and then to apply preventive psychiatric care. In psychological labs, new treatment methods are being de veloped. As one major move, a six-man squad of scientists-socio- logist. a psychologist, an anthropologist and a population expert, will quietly slip into New York’s delinquent-ridden lower E. t Side about mid-July. Scientists, armed with a $400,000 Federal grant, will spend an entire year analyzing the neighborhood, from its ethnic-and economic makeup to its religion and its under world. The analysis will then be used to chart one of the largest scale experimental attempts yet made to bring de linquency under control.” Perhaps the most efficacious method was the time hon ored practice as exemplified by a grand old lady of Den mark. S. C. She had a very practical idea of applying relig ion. She knew that many people indolently call on Jehovah to do what He has empowered them to do for themselves. “So,” said the lady, “I, too pray for my sons, but I also use a broom handle vigorously.” Under that sort of nurture she reared sons who filled high and useful positions in life. * 1958 expenditures used are latest figures available / IT IS APPARENT that both receipts (or taxes) and expenditures, at both State and National levels, are too high and are increasifig out of proportion to gross national product. The question is—how to reverse the trend and return to a sound fiscal program ? With taxes at a fixed rate, receipts will increase with national product. Experience proves, however, that lower tax rates are the best stimuli for GNP. For example, the largest increase in GNP (8%) in peacetime followed the tax reduction in 1954. THE USUAL APPROACH to economy is to attempt to reduce expenses in order to be able to reduce taxes. So far, as the table shows, this approach has been notably unsuccessful. PROFESSOR C. NORTHCOTE PARKINSON, a noted political scientist at the University of Illinois, in his recent book The Law and the Profits, raises the pertinent question which might be phrased— which came first, the chicken or the egg? In the book, Prof. Parkinson expounds and explains his second law of political science— “expenditures rise to meet income.” If this be true, the correct approach is to reduce taxes so that expenditures must follow to the extent that additional revenues from the resulting increase in GNP do not make up the difference. THIS APPROACH has been adopted in the Herlong : Baker bills in the House. These bills would reduce taxes gradually and systemati cally over a five-year period. The scheduled reductions could be postponed for one year only if it appeared that an operating deficit was imminent (or in the event of war). CONGRESS WOULD be highly reluctant to spend itself into a deficit if it meant a scheduled tax reduction would thereby be post poned, for the wrath of the aroused public would be vent on the Representatives and Senators. This “new approach” lends itself to reason, and should be given serious consideration by Congi*ess. Perhaps we’ve had the cart before the horse all this time. Sincerely, From The Heringten Advertiser- Times, Hertngton, Kansas: A lead ing financial newspaper recently ran a lengthy feature article on the Investment experience of two brothers who are in the service station business. They had gone over their financial heads in buy ing stocks—and they had almost invariably lost. In park this was due to unfortu nate timing—the brothers had bought stocks of good companies at peaks, and declines had fol lowed. But that was a minor trou ble. The big reason for the losses was that the brothers “specialized in buying speculative stocks on telephone tips, often from stran gers and usually with little or no knowledge of the companies in volved.” Here is the surest known way to lose your shirt in the stock market. It’s as certain a road to financial disaster as to follow the advice of professional touts at a race track. The stock exchanges have put out warning after warn ing. in an attempt to stop the prac tice. So have the reputable brok erage houses. So have the security regulatory agencies, federal and state. So have newspaper column ists who specialize in investment affairs. Yet the telephone stock boomers seem to never run out of customers—or, to use a m^re ac curate word, suckers. If you want to be an investor, and not a sucker, a simple proi cedure must be followed. Never buy on tips and rumors. Investi gate a stock you’re interested in as carefully as you’d investigate any other kind of property. Any legitimate brokerage house will provide you with full factual in formation oo any corporation whose stock is listed on the ex changes. ' To repeat—hang up that tele phone when the tipster calls, investigate before you buy. . Five years after the znajeetto building shown above pleted by Slave labor on the hilly land of Vicksburg. Mississippi, the s true tore became a favorite target of Union gunboats daring the Siege of Vicksburg in 1863. Today the building Is the Warren County Court House, but it also boasts one of the most famous Civil War museums In the South. Historical exhibits deal pri marily with the Confederate period, but also Include many reltfe of Indian, pioneer and steamboat eras, household and military objects. The building has portico* supported by 39-foot fluted columns. Interesting exhibits In the museum Include handwritten field orders of the Siege of Vicksburg and a map need by U. S. Grant, ae well as a wallpaper newspaper printed by Federal! Inly 4. 1863. ■ 1 A WASHINGTON LETTER From OLIN D. JOHNSTON SOUTH CAROLINA'S SENIOR SENATOR ■ THERE IS NO mutual secu rity in the so-called Mutual Security “foreign aid” bill which came before the Senate this week demanding addition al billions of dollars for give away projects. • * * THE “MUTUAL SECU RITY” program, as I point ed out to the Senate in a . speech opposing foreign aid, is a misnomer. In fact, it is the meet devastating, un American, self - destructive foreign policy ever gener ated by any nation in his tory. Whether you call foreign aid “mutnal securi ty,” "international social* ism,” “global welfare,” or 'just plain “giveaway,” it is still the most diabolically clever method ok economic suicide ever conceived. * *. * THE CONGRESS is playing Russian roulette with Ameri ca’s economic strength in fost ering tb* extension of this program. > * ' * * I HAVE OPPOSED for eign-aid programa ever since I came to the United States Senate in 1945. At times my position seemed unpopular, hut through the fog of prop aganda supporting foreign aid, I could see that these billions of dollars going overseas would not only bur den our taxpayers beyond comprehension, but would be used to build up foreign industry and foreign agri culture, which would com pete unfairly with our farm ers and our industries. * * • WHEN THE MARSHALL PLAN, forerunner of present- day foreign aid, went into ef fect in 1949, the United Statee gold reserves began dropping sharply by approximately one billion dollars a year. It is not coincidental that the beginning of our foreign-aid program marked the beginning of the decline of our favorable gold reserve position and also our favorable trade position on the international market a a : • LAST YEAR, for the first time in history, the United States wee subject to a heavier draft on gold re aves than we have to Fort nox. Failure to halt for eign-aid programs in order to reverse this drain on American gold reserves #il! bring about u collapse in * a a THE BALANCE OF TRADE between America and foreign nations has revened in recent years directly as A result of foreign aid. Th# plight of our textile and ply wood industries unquestionably has resulted from the building up of foreign industries with foreign-aid funds. In view of this, it is inconceivable that any one would come asking for more billions of tax dollars to give away in the name of mutual security, when we know” these dollars will actually ba used to destroy America’s economy. * * , * WHEN WE GIVE away anything, the American tax payers have to pay fo* it; but the tragedy about for eign aid is that we not only have to pay for It after we have given It away, hut after we have paid for it we must still fight against what it has created in order to sur vive economically. i 11 ' * 11 " Sometimes people are heard to ask “why all this concern about small and independent business in America. Don’t the huge corporations furnish op portunities for the ambitious.” * e e This line of thought, undoubt- eaiy engenciereci uy able edy of ear; times, and Is a false mise, to boot, o a a In a na al survey made at the „. r<t . r end of 1959 by c * w * a widely known research or ganization *or one of the na tion’s bi t magazines, it was established that by far more men, and especially younger men, would rather be their own boss in a small company than to receive the same income from a big corporation., e x a a The finding reveals that <8% of all man would rather be in than In a big see And the interesting part is of men In the 90*10 age group 67% prefer small while 68% of those from 91 to 80 prefer small business, i e e e mrvey alee Isoms to myth Mg loyalties uv n*w if a e e to fact, the reverse seems to be true. Apiong 17% who pro* ftrred the big corporation for • career, and those who pre- fsrred small business, when it name to the reasons for their greterence. 8% in both groups ing that monetary reward is not p prime factor in either case. Bat It is significant biggest >ason given for preferring a g corporation, getting 14% of vote, was “less responsibility.” This, is a real shocker. « a * And it becomes all the more shocking when compared with the prime reason for the pref erence for small business. • e • * 88% who BS, #1% greater read Thus, they give what would have been perhaps the reason tibat would have been given by a small group on Bunker Hill not quite 900 years ago if some body had asked them why they were mere. e e e And the tragedy Is that this type of manhood, largely through restrictions placed by bureaucrats/tn government, oft en find they have to work for a Mg corporation, as the laws of small bentnsss too difleolt. e a a And tha greatest irony of all, perhaps, is ^hat me typical bu reaucratic official doesn’t un derstand this desire for eco nomic freedom, because they sought goveramept service for the same reason given by those who prefer working for a big corporation “Less responsibil ity." < e ee the goistlou perhaps of survival. If ean thte war ba won by r No Diner* - No Motet* Just Prairie—100 Years Ago v T i v ■ ;• :.S ■ < . i ! V ''' i j ' *l< s y \ > \ • •'<*«. , • ' -* \ . r ’ ik -V-; /■, •• :-T ; .■> , y - i'- A nunarea yean ago, covered wagon convoys auefr as this Oregon State Centennial cavalcade trudged across the plains on the trek west. No roads, continuous breakdowns of equip ment plus frequent Indian o-— ^ trouble made the going slow— in fact, the trip often took sev eral months. Today one makes tha same trip in a matter of hours by jet piano. Covered wagons, jat planes and most other modes of travel are on display at Harold Warp’s Pi-meer Village. Pioneer Village, an area covering wwo city blocks and containing 20,000 Items depicting Ameri ca’s progress from ,3890 to tha Present, Is located on Highways 6 and $4 at If indsn. Nabraska.