The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, May 17, 1956, Image 2
PAGE TWO
THE NEWBERRY SUN
THURSDAY, MAY 17, 1956
%
1218 College Street
NEWBERRY, S. C.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY
O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner
Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937
at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under
the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad
vance; six months, $1.25.
COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS
By SPECTATOR
You’ve heard a lot about BushyCreek and Bushy Park?
Just a few days ago I read that Mr. S. C. McMeekin, the
wide-awake and resourceful head of the S. C. Electric and
Gas company is planning to buy, or had bought, a site for
another mammoth electric plant.
I did not know that my fellow townsman, Mr. Robert
Lee, was the driving force behind the splendid plans of
Mayor Morrison of Charleston. However,. Mr. Lee, although
a citizen of Manning, operates from anywhere South of the
North Pole, just wherever there may be land, water, rocks
or ice. So new.
I am quoting, in part, from The Nation’s Business, a
readable story about Charleston and its new industrial pos
sibilities.
“Industry today uses 80,000,000,000 gallons of water a
day. By 1975 it will need 200,000,000,000.
It takes 15,000 gallons of water to make a new automo
bile; 65,000 to produce a ton of steel; 320,000 gallons for a
ton of aluminum; 600,000 gallons for a ton of synthetic
rubber. %
To keep pace with the country’s expansion since World
War II, cities are reaching out with pipelines, building dams
and reservoirs and probing the earth as never before.
Among the most unusifal of these methods are those
used by Charleston, S. C. Ingredients of Charleston’s wat
er triumph include:
An unusual geographic situation.
An engineer with imagination.
A rugged, hard-hitting Scotch mayor who gets things
done.
A?i eccentric, craggy-browed contractor with a big West
ern hat.
A fat Chesapeake Retriever.
Charleston is a proud southern city situated on a penin
sula formed by the Ashley and Cooper rivers. It is a city
of contrasts. At the South end of the peninsula are old
Colonial houses surrounded by gardens of azaleas and cam
ellias; spreading out to the north is a fast-growing colony
of modern, diversified industry.
Charleston prospered in World War II. Its 35-foot depth
harbor was re-discovered and re-equipped; it swarmed with
shipping and shipyards, its Navy Yard was revived, while
industry w 4 as enormously expanded and population was
doubled.
The City made earlier provision for its industrial poten
tial by uniting the Cooper and Santee Rivers to form two
huge lakes. It is the 10,000,000,000 gallon-a-day trailrace
canal flowing from this great reservoir that feeds the San-
tee-Cooper River and now brings a fresh uncontaminated
water supply to Charleston’s ba^c door.
In ten years, Charleston has added 100 diversified indus
tries, raised its industrial capitalization 100 per cent and
built itself up to become the largest cotton importer as
well as the hub of the Southern wool industry, the leading
petroleum port and the first port of call for ships from
South America. Industrial payrolls have jumped from $3,-
000,000 to $30,000,000 and family incomes have risen
60 per cent.
Though Charleston v^as lacking in some of the natural
resources—such as oil, salt and sulphur—it has others—a
fine harbor, good truck, rail and air transportation, labor
supply, a favorable tax picture and a growing market in the
Southeast.
Between the forks of the Santee-Cooper and the Back
River—a marsh bordered tidal stream that rises about two
miles west of the Santee-Cooper and flows parallel with
it- for about seven miles before turning sharply east and
joining it—is a high, 4,400 acre wooded tract known as
Bushy Park, after one of the old plantations. Upstream
from this tract, lies a low place. It was realized that a
shallow canal, dug for about four miles, could connect the
rivers. Thus fresh water from the upper Santee-Cooper
could be diverted into the Back River. A dam at the lower
end of the Back River would hold out the sea water—this
one not prohibitive in cost. Thus, by reshuffling a couple
of rivers, Charleston could not only get a tremendous water
supply but open up Bushy Park and some 10,000 acres
across the Santee-Cooper from it—all of it land hitherto
inaccessible.
As the project finally crystallized, it added up to this:
The 10,000,000,000 gallons of fresh water flowing daily
from A1 '-' ^ ~ m he diverted into Back River
by means of a canal. Back River could then be closed by an
earth-foil dam at its lower end.
The mayor ran into public opposition to his scheme but he
laid his political future on the line and stood up for his con
victions. In this he had the backing of some of the loca 1
financial leaders.
So the water development which Charleston has been
been dreaming about for ten years, and actually planning
for five, has become a reality. The dam, the canal and the
bridge over the canal are finished. Fresh water is being
diverted into that huge natural reservoir—the Back River.
The tides are being held out—down below the marl dam.
ARE YOU-
The President is a very human and likable man, a person
full of the milk of human kindness; but he speaks and
writes one thing and fails to square his policy with his
preachments.
Observe what the President said about the States as
creators of the Nation:
“President Eisenhower did not realize it at the time,
but this statement from a campaign address at Des Moines
in 1952 is the real basis of the argument for interposition:
‘The federal government did not create the states of this
republic. The states created the federal government. The
creation should not supercede the creator. For if the states
lose their meaning, our entire system of government loses
its meaning and the next step is the rise of the centralized
national state, in which the seeds of autocracy can take
root and grow.’
The president was prophetic. The very purpose of inter
position today is to prevent the creation from superseding
the creator. Southern states well understand that if the
states lose their meaning, ‘Our entire system of govern
ment loses its meaning and the next step is the rise of the
centralized national state! They are attempting to put
their sovereignty between their public' schools, over which
they have exclusive authority under the 10th Amendment,
and the execution of the federal court decree which over
turned 86 years of court opinions, in callling for desegre
gation.
Under the 10th Amendment the states have clearly re
served exclusive ‘powers not delegated to the United States
by the Constitution nor prohibited by it to the states.’
When New England States interposed in 1814 they well
stated their case: ‘In case of deliberate, dangerous, and
palpable infractions of the Constitution, affecting the sov
ereignty of a state and the liberties of the people, it is not
only the right but the duty of such state to interpose its
authority for their protection’.
In a recent radio address the distinguished constitutional
law authority, Dr. Clarence E. Manion, former dean of
Notre Dame’s School of Law, declared: ‘Whether it is
gambling in Nevada, segregation in South Carolina, educa
tion in Californa, or the right to work in Kansas, the basic
challenge to American liberty is the continuous, contempt
uous disregard of the 10th Amendment by the Congress,
the executive and the Supreme Court’.
New York politicians hold no brief for states’ rights w’hen
the South is concerned. They take a dim view of South
Carolinas new law banning NAACP members from em
ployment by v the state, any county, city, or school district.
But New York defended a basically similar law of its own
in 1915 and was upheld by the Supreme Court. That was in
the case of Heim v. McCall U. S. 175, in which the high court
had under consideration a New York statute which provides
that only citizens of the United States can be employed on
public wiorks and that citizens of New York shall be given
preference. The court held that the 14th Amendment had no
application to such law because it dealt only with the State
as an employer, and that the state as employer can employ
whom it likes. Thus New York can hire only blondes or red
heads if it sees fit. So can South Carolina hire only persons
who do not belong to NAACP.
Interposition is necessary for protection of our system of
government. Without it the seeds of autocracy ‘can take
root and grow,’ as President Eisenhower warned. Aware-
ness of this fact often depends upon whose ox is being gored.
The South’s is now. New York’s could be next.” V
The Tenth Amendment was to declare, specifically, def
initely and beyond all doubt or quibble, that the States re
served to themselves all powers not explicitly conferred on
the Nation.
The biggest bank in New York publishes a quarterly bul
letin which has a lot of information even apart from bank-
A natural effluent disposal agency, the Santee-Cooper, lies
ready to carry away the wastes Of the industries coming
to Bushy Park. A road across Bushy Park and across the
dam is under construction with a railroad spur to come.
Charleston is convinced that its big bargain—a poten
tial 10,000,000,000 gallons of water a day for only $4,500,-
000—is the best buy any municipality has ever made for
anything of the kind.”
It is said that the Democratic Party will adopt a plank
satisfactory to the South. Well the South has no friends
outside the South. Let us be awake and alert and prepared
to assert our rights effectively and effectually. Don’t be
deceived by words, or planks or promises; by their fruits
ye shall know them. Well we have already eaten the fruit of
both Parties; both have the same poison.
q Can yon tell me how much land is In the national wildlife refuge
system?
A—Approximately YiVz million acres, of which 8 million are in Alaska.
The states, under cooperative agreement with the Fish and Wildlife
Service manage about 2% million acres of this land. Of the total only
about 7% is actually owned by the Fish and Wildlife Service.
Q—Has the 84th Congress extended the School Milk program?
A—Yes, the measure has been passed and signed by the President, ex
tending the school milk and brucellosis eradication program until
June 30, 1958. The measure contains authorizations for $10 million to
continue the school milk program until next June 30 and $75 million
for each of the next two fiscal years; $17 million was authorized to
fight against brucellosis for the remainder of this fiscal year and $20
million per year for each of the next two fiscal years.
q—Are U. S. Agricultural commodity exports going up or down?
A—Latest Agricultural Department report shows that for first eight
months of the current fiscal year, (July through February) exports
were estimated at $2.1 billion, down about one and a half per cent
under the same period of the 1964-50 fiscal year.
Q—Did the Goeorumont file anti-trust suit against paper bag manufactur
ers? If so, what Is the statue of the suit?
A The Federal Trade Commission issued a complaint against twenty
manufheturers of multi-wallpaper shipping sacks on Dec. 7,
1969. The companies in separate answers have denied the charges
that they quoted the seme delivered price to customers or acted col
lectively to fix prices. These begs are used to transport and store
feed, fertilizer, cement, sugar, flour, and other bulk products. Final
decision has not been made by the Commission.
ing. That great bank, The Chase Manhattan, great as it is,
and located in the city of fabulous banks, "is not the biggest
bank in the United States. Now guess where the most stu
pendous bank is. In San .Francisco, California.
Says The Chase Bank:
“One of the most dynamic growth markets in the United
States today is the market for scientists and engineers.
The number of scientists and engineers at work has
grown from 575 thousand in 1947 to nearly 900 thousand
today. •
, At the same time, salaries paid to scientists and engin
eers have been rising even faster. The average colleg^ grad
uate in engineering starts work at about $400 a month to
day ; he received less than $250 in 1947.
Furthermore, the market is growing. For example, we
graduate about 400 nuclear scientists a year. We need at
least 1200.
This spectacular growth in the demand for scientists holds
great promise for- the future. For science today p?®v well
be the most important single cause of economic growth.
During the postwar period, for example:
Spending on research has grown on the average 10 per
cent a year. Our stock of scientists and engineers has grown
6 per cent a year. And output per man-hour, as a result, has
grown nearly 3 per cent a year—which, is considerably above
the long-run average of 2.2 per cent.
During the 1930’s, some observers feared that the great
wave of technological innovation of the 19th century had
spent itself and that stagnation had set in. Recent exper
ience does not bear out that dismal view. If anything, the
opportunities for new inventions, new innovations and new
techniques today are probably accelerating.
However, the demand for scientists has been increasing
faster than the supply of qualified people. Thus we are run
ning into a bottleneck in education—so we may not be able
to take full advantage of the potentials for technological
development.
What is more, there is disturbing evidence that we are
falling behind the Russians in training technicians. '
Only 16 per cent of our college and university students
major in science or engineering today ( a drop of more than
a quarter since 1950). In contrast, more than 35 per cent
of all Russian students are science majors.
This difference in emphasis is even more exaggerated in
secondary education. Less than half of our high schools
give courses in physics and chemistry. In Russia, more
than 40 per cent of all class instruction is devoted to science.
Consequently, the Russians are turning out 30,000 more
engineers and scientists today than the United States. And
the gap is widening.
As a partial answer to these growing needs, the Presi
dent has recently requested $5 million for an experimental
program, for improving science teaching in our schools a¥id
colleges. He has asked for another $13 million to increase
support of basic research.
All of these are steps in the right direction. Continued
growth in scientific education is essential for' continuued
growth of the economy as a whole.”
Indiana is doing some effective advertising as a State.
Isn’t this impressive?
“Debt-free Indiana. NO STATE DEBT! Our State Con
stitution forbids it! In fact, Indana has millions of dollars
in surplus!
NO ‘NUISANCE’ or ‘PENALTY’ TAX. No net income,use,
retail sales, corporate or manufacturer’s tax! No tax on
receipts from sales in interstate or foreign commerce! Only
1-4 of 1 per cent on gross receipts from sales of processing,
re-sale, etc., not in interstate or foreign commerce; 1 p§r
cent on other receipts derived n Indiana except from sale
to ultimate consumer (1-2 or 1 per cent). And IncKana’s
unemployment tax is far lower than average!
RAW MATERIALS. Low-cost coal. Limestone, Natural
gas. ‘Clay Center of the World’. Petroleum. ‘White Clay’,
rich in aluminum. Gypsum. Rock asphalt. Dolomite. Flour-
spar. Water, sand, gravel, wood, corn, soybeans, etc.
23 RAILROADS, 300 MOTOR FREIGHT LINES, 9 air
lines, 200 airports, more miles of paved highway per driver
and per square mile than any other state—and all paid for!
GOOD LABOR. Responsible, versatile, 97 percent native,
30 percent fewer government workers per capita than na
tionally. Enviable strike and lockout records. First in U. S.
with labor-management charter.
From the Shamokin Citizen,
Shamokin, Pennsylvania: The first
newspaper in America, published
265 years ago, reported a suicide,
a smallpox epidemic, a military
expedition against the French and
Indians in Canada. A gossipy tid
bit reflected on the morals of the
King of France. Disapproving
comment was mad^ on barbarous
treatment of the French who were
taken captive by Indians allied
with the Enghsh. These and other
timely items made a newsy sheet
of “Publick Occurrences, Both
Timely and Domestick” — to&
newsy, in fact for the Governor
of Massachusetts.
That colonial dignitary and his
council were outraged at the
temerity of Benjamin Harris in
issuing his small four-page news
paper, and they ordered its im
mediate suppression. Only one
issue was published, and only one
copy of that issue is known to
exist.
But the journalistic spirit of the
editor has persisted, ha a brief
statement of principle*—by neces
sity, everything had to be brief
because of mechanical limitations
—Editor Harris founded his pub
lication on truth. Hi* quaintly
worded dedication still may be a
model in our time “That some
thing rfiay be done toward the
curing, or a* least the Charming
of that Spirit of Lying, which
prevails amongst us, wherefore
nothing shall be entered, but what
we have reason to believe is
true, repairing to the best foun
tains of our Information.”
The fountains of his information
were apparently reliable, those
who suppressed his publication did
not question his truthfulness. Th£y
did deny his right to publish his
reflections.
If others had not persisted in
establishing the freedom of the
press, how different our history
would have been. The right of men
to publish the news and to publish
their reflections even when such
opinions differed from - those in
power have been bedrock on which
American progress has been based.
In our time we have bean able
to sea the course that govern
ment takas whan freedom of the
press is denied. One of the find
acts of Argentina's dictator Perth
was to seise “La Prensa.” a
powerful voice of freedom The
$20,000,000 newspaper plant. was
sold to an organization supporting
Peron’s rule for but a fraction of
its true monetary value. As this
fountain of information dried up
and became a cesspool of propa
ganda for a tyrant, Argentinians
;ame to understand the value of
a free press.
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
AND irS GOOD TO LIVE IN INDIANA! Superb schools;
29 state and local colleges, universities. Fine housing, mod
erate rent. Low-cost state and local government, etc. And
friendly, gracious people.’
How’s that? South Carolina has attractions, too; let us
make our State even more attractive.
The Constitution of the United States has suffered from
interpretations which do violence to the meaning of the
men who drafted it. For example,*the Constitution refers
to the equal protection of the law, guarantees it, in fact.
That is to say the Constitution forbids any State to deny
to anyone the equal protection of the law, but isn’t that im
plicit in the Nation’s obligation, as well?
I have no doubt that this provision very especially refer
red to protection of ones person, all being equal before the
law. But it means, of course, equal protection of property
and the enjoyment and use of one’s property.
If it be true that all men stand on equal footing before
the bar of justice it means also that all men are equal in
the consideration of those who make and those who ad
minister the laws. And so a man with one mule pays so
much tax and twice as much for two mules. If he has a
hundred mules he pays a hundred times as much as he
would pay on one mule. And so with land: a taxpayer pays
so many mills on each dollar of land. If he pays a total of
two dollars per acre he would pay $2,000 on a thousand
acres, theoretically, you know. We would not have a man
pay $200 on 100 acres and $100,000 on a thousand acres,
would we? But our Government, through graduated in
come taxes, reminds me of the Andes, who sell one article
for ten cents and five articles for a dollar. Our graduated
income tax rises until it takes 91 percent of $200,00. Is
our Government levying taxes for the support of the Gov
ernment, or for the purpose of soaking or confiscating the
wealthy out of all proportion to what others pay?