The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, February 09, 1956, Image 2
pa<;e two
THE NEWBERRY SUN
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1966
tin
1218 Colleire Stnwt
NEWBERRY. S. C.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY
0. F. Armfield. Jr.. Owner
Entered as second-class matter December 6. 1937
at the Postot'fiee at Newberry. South Carolina, under
»he Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.
SUBSCRH^ITON RATES: $2.00 per year m ad-
VMice: six months, $1.25.
WO MESSAGES FROM GETTYSBURG
COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS
How do we choose a President? That is, how do we elect
one? You are familiar with the machinery of the electoral
college ?
“Of course you did not vote directly for either Dwight D.
Eisenhower or Adlai Stevenson in the Presidential election
of 1952.
You voted for a slate of electors who make up the elect-
Dral college. These chosen electors duly and formally cast
their votes and forwarded them under seal to Washington
where they were duly counted. When that was done, Dwight
Eisenhower was formally chosen as president.
Electors are chosen on a statewide basis. The slate re
ceiving a plurality of the votes in any state casts the elec
toral vote of that state in the electoral colllege.
Each state has as many electors as it has members of
the House of Representatives and Senators combined. New
Jork with 48 House members and two Senators has an
electoral college representation of 45. Arizona with two
House members and two Senators has an electoral college
representation of four.
' There are certain imperfections in this system, which
have long been recognized. In an attempt to eliminate them
there have been proposed Constitutional amendments wduch
will get hearings and possibly action at the current session
of Congress.
It is a mathemetical possibility that candidate for Pres
ident winning a plurality of votes in each of the 12 most
popular states would thereby win a majority in the electoral
college.
He would be elected, although his opponent might carry
the other 36 states. The winning candidate might carry some
or all of the 12 large states by the thinnest of margins while
his opponent carried the 36 by wide margains. Still the win
ner of the 12 states would be elected.even though the popular
vote of his opponent might be greater. It is well to emphasize
that this is a mathematical possibility and at best a very
remote probability. There have indeed been two elections,
that of 1876 and that of 1888, when a narrow electoral col
lege majority ^ent contrary to a majority of the popular
votes.
But in recent elections the electoral college verdict and
the popular verdict wipre in accord, and there is^ little reason
to suppose it will be otherwlise in the near future.
However, there is a more pressing argument brought up
in favor of changing the system whereby the electoral votes
of each state must be cast as a block, even though the voters
of the state are about evenly divided in their sentiments.
New York’s 45 electoral votes are highly prized and
sought after as are the 32 from Pennsylvanie and the 27 of
Illinois. Racial or other special interest minorities in any of
these states, even though comparatively few in number,could
easily be the factor which determined the disposition of the
entire state’s electoral vote. Since it is unlikely that any can
didate could be elected without the electoral votes of the
large states, such minorities would be the deciding factor
in the election.
Also, the political leaders from New York, Pennsylvania
and Illinois carry a great deal of weight when it comes to
choosing candidates for President. Each of these three
states contains large cities with city machines which can
perform in behalf of a candidate or can remain on the side
lines when it comes to getting out the vote on election day.
When the 45 electoral votes of New York depend on how
a few thousand voters in New York cast their votes, or
whether or not some thousands go to the polls, it follows
that the political leaders in New York will have quite a
voice in determining a candidate. On the contrary Arizona
with four votes, or Delaware with three,are not likely to
exercise a very decisive influence.
One of the proposed Constitutional amendments is known
as the Lodge-Gossett amendment,which has once been
passed by the House but not by the Senate. Under that
proposal each state would divide its electoral vote in prop-
. ortion to the division of the popular vote of the state.
Assuming that the state of Virginia voted two-thirds
Democratic and one-third Republican, then the 12 electoral
votes of that •state would be diverted eight and four in
favor of the Democratic candidate.
The Lodge-Gossett amendment has been criticized as hav
ing about it certain aspects of proportional voting, a sys
tem which has not worked very well where it has been
tried.
The proposal which seems to be gaining in favor is the
Mundt-Coudert amendment. This would keep the electoral
college but the electors would be chosen as are members
of the House and Senate ;that is, there would be an elector
chosen by each Congressional district and two electors chos
en statewide just as Senators are.
Thus the electoral college representation of the states
would be split between two or more candidates.Instead of a
blockof 45 votes in the electoral college, New York state in a
close election might very well cast 23 for one candidate and
*18
ftttoive THAT
tUAU NOT WAV*
Wat nut? Nation ,
>0, SHALL WAVE A
ncw hriw of Freedom :
‘‘AND THAT GOVERNMENT
OF TV4E PEOPLE,
EV TME PEOPLE,
FOR TWR PEOPLE ,
SHALL NOT PERISH
PROM TME kAKTW"
MOM LmCOLnV
OcrrrxfeM* AoMwrx
NR American (tool
JOIN SATELLITE P«<
IN TUtl* CONCERN FOR
RESTPRATIOV OF INOIVIOI
FREEDOM? ANP POU _
AND SHARE TMKtft.ftt'l
TWAT RIGHT (NINE END
prevail'to Grime twri
ONCE AGAIN AMONG *041
Free Nations-
TWE VtoRLD*
CMurrmAv t*vi
(.-/•tt-a *
if Pit-
IMF
22 for another. ,
The question "‘arises as to whether the Mundt-Coudert
amendment might not at some time lead to an election in
which a third party candidate could get enough electoral
college votes to hold abalance of power and throw the elec
tion into the House of Representatives.
It is now difficult for a third party to organize and make
a campaign strong enough to win the electoral votes of an
entire state. To accomplish anything it would have to win
a plurality in several of the large or medium-sized states.
It would seem less difficult for a third party to center
an organization effort in selected Congressional districts
and in a close election 26 or 30 electors commited to a third
party candidate might deny a majority of the electors to
either of the two major candidates.
And that possibility leads to the question of whether or
not it is good to have a system which makes it impossible
for a new political party to try its wings.”
What does the President propose as a program for action
by Congress ? After a bit we shall see.
What I’ve read is by no means all; the President seems to
have swallowed the Roosevelt New Deal, even going beyond
Mr. Roosevelt.
Mr. Roosevelt was the nation’s playboy in exalted position
and with a nation so disheartened that no one seemed to
know what to do. Mr. Roosevelt didn’t know, but he tried
everything that anybody suggested, blowing hot and cold
at the same time. Whereas Mr. Roosevelt felt his way in
every direction,moving right and left, forward and backward
at the same time; he had no set course, but was spiritually
kin to Columbus who is said to have begun his first voyage
without knowing where he was going; and when he arrived
he didn’t know where he was; and when he returned to
Spain he didn’t know where he had been. Even so. Now Mr.
Eisenhower, overlooking the slow, steady, persistent course
of the Redeemer, decides that we can feed, educate, uplift,
transform and make happy all the backwiard people of the
world, in the twinkling of an eye.
We are a great people, but we have a great task at home.
Our greatest effort throughout a hundred years has been
to evangelize and educate the Chinese. Now where are we?
I know from my own association with people in many
Provinces of Europe, South America, Canada and Mexico
that we do not command their respect by acting as a world
policeman or as a charity-giver. We should accomplish more,
I think, by developing our own resources, economically,
military, culturally and spiritually than by our noble effort
to revive, redeem and transform mankind as we are trying
to do.
Missionaries used to say that visiting Americans did
harm to their redemptive effort; I can well believe it.
We have so much that needs to be done here at home.
The real consideration that outshines all else is politics.
Both Democrats and Republicans will advocate anything
for the sake of votes. That spells disaster in the long run.
Have we read the history of Rome? Political chicanery is
the same in all ages.
Why don’t we revise some foolish, some out-of-date laws?
We have our Rail Roads ^hamstrung by old ideas of regula
tion ; we have our citizens smothered under laws which are
DaieCarnegie
AUTHOR UF J ‘H0W TO STOP WORRYING AND START LIVING"
R EDMAN OTHMANN, 148 Grape Street, New Bedford, Massachu-
- setts, had been working on his first job about two years when he
realized that the future ahead was most discouraging. He didn’t have
a college education; he hadn’t even finished high school. After look
ing around and talking with fellow employees, he found them very
complacent with no desire to do anything to get ahead—they were all
just waiting for “a break,” knowing little more than
necessary to hold their individual jobs.
He was so worried that he couldn’t eat with relish,
and he often wakened in the night with concern for
his future. Just as a tired swimmer looks for a log to
grasp hold of for help to reach shore, so he looked
for something solid to grasp in his search for se
curity.
One day he answered a correspondence school ad
vertisement. Soon one of their representatives called
and sold him a course of study to relieve his nerv-
ous tension and help him up the ladder of success. CARNEGIE
But most important, he implanted the necessity of having a definite
aim. Then Redman decided that his aim should be to become an
assistant manager. Over a period of years he took four home study
courses—and reached his aim. Since that time he has set up several
aims to work for and each time he has attained them. All it took was
to actually believe that he could do it, then study and work hard.
He wants to leave with you the thought that worrying about your
future and doing nothing about it will always hold you back, that it la
possible for everyone to get what he wants if he will set his aim, work
hard, and actually believe himself capable of reaching his goal
From tha Italy New* Herald,
Italy, Texass Various types of busi
ness operating on a more or less
monopolistic basis, such as utili
ties and railroads, have been sub
ject to regulation by government
for many years. Even the most
bitter opponents to government
control of industry concede that
there must be regulation for such
businesses, especially in the mat
ter of rates.
Rate regulation is always thought
of, however, as a means of pro
tecting the public against exces
sive charges and the average per
son is surprised to know that ap
plication must be made to reduce
rates as well as to raisa them. Sel
dom does an application for rate
reduction meet with opposition, but
such a thing ia going on at the
present time.
Railroads are controlled primar
ily by the Interatate Commerce
Commission. Most of the regula
tions under which they operate
were drawn up when railroads had
a virtual monopoly on transports
tion of both freight and pasaen
gars. Today the transportation
business ia highly competitive-
competitive not only within the
business itself, but from the pri
vats automobile and truck as well
This competitive situation has
forced all forms of commercial
transportation to strive to im
prove service in order to holg * n d
ncrease business. The railroads,
tor instance, have increased the
speed of the average freight train
more than 50 per cent in the paat
30 years. They have been able to
almost double the load they can
carry and increase their hourly
output of transportation nearly
three times.
This means that the cost of haul
ing a ton of freight has decreased.
Little as some people may believe,
railroad management would like
to pass this saving on to the ship
pers. but government regulations
will not permit 1L Applications for
rate reductions have not V** 11
lowed because other less economi
cally operated transportation sys
tems nay they cannot operate on
lower rates.
Bills have been introduced In
Congress to remedy this situation.
They would give transportation
concerns more leeway in establish
ing rates to conform to operating
costa, but would still retain gov
ernment regulation to prevent un
usually low or high rates.
Actually, transportation haa be
come so competitive that rate reg
ulation is not too important any
more. Competition has always done
a better job of holding down coats
than regulation and it will do so
In the transportation industry
brain budi
1. Lacteal means (*) sticky; (b) like milk; (o) languid.
8. Perspicacious means (a) shrewd; (b) sweaty; (c) untiring.
S. Caloric refers to (a) calories; (b) heat; (o) calcium.
ANSWERS
•*
•him •an •!
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS
I Young hors*
| 5 Jargon
C Group with
logo) author
ity
14 Tuno
15 Rivor of
E urop*
16 Lo*»o
17 PIoc. of
trod*
18 Observo
19 Fominino namo
20 Folds
22 Chair
24 Boforo
25 Oocoy*
27 Gonoratod
visihlo vapor
29 To furnish
pursuant to an
obligation
S3 Emmot
84 King Arthur’s
lane*
35 Growing out
37 Transaction*
41 Fotid
43 Conformity
with fact
45 To cut, oftor
snick
46 Award of
valor -
48 Prong of
fork (pi.)
50 Vako loco
edging
5) Small drink
S3 ffttalW.
’ hotfilo to
Crvtadors
55 Mod* sfaoji
59 Bosinoss
transaction
60 To trouble
61 Biblical jvood
63 Mod* an in
cision in
67 Potty malice
69 Toward the
center
71 Painful
72 Of a bristle
73 Young salmon
74 Bone of
forearm
75 Trojan hero
76 To kill
77 Fortune
teller
DOWN
PUZZLE Ne. MO
-21 'To'carry
23*Indonesian of
Mindanao
26 Bogin
28 The sweetsop
29 College dance
30 Part in play
31 Wife of
Geraint
32 Fancy carrying
cases
36 Heating
vessels
38 Poker stake
39 Lank
40 Places
42 Native of
Denmark
44 Science of
recording
genealogies
1 47 Horitonta!
member span
ning on open
ing (pi.) y
49 Spanish halt
52 Edible seed
54 Enumeration
of population
55 Out of dote
56 To mature
57 Choice part
58 Lets fall
62 Of a period
of time
64 Cabbage
65 Sea eagle
66 Expensive
68 Chinese
pagoda
70 A macaw
Answer te Pnssle Ne. 319
1 Summer recrea
tional resort
2 Spoken
3 Italian coin
(pl.)
4 Mongols
5 Steadfast
6 Bustle
7 Seines
8 Woody plants
9 Simulate
10 Lubricate
11 City in Mass
achusetts
1 2 Cubic meter
I 3 Brought forth
•
s
c
T
R
T
T
A
L
1
N
E
R
7T
■
V
A
l
13 IMti
N V E 1
N
Iwle |R|sMs
_ l, T jc| p JJ.
IaISHp I V C *
a
□
UQUaD
a
an aaa
□□ia aan
301 □□□ □
aaaaa □□uaa
a
aaana
■hi
naann nnnn
HHiH
a
Rrt
E
R
T_
A
E
T
T
N
A
rs
Ie
E
U
P
E
[o
S
T
Y
E
IQ o cMsItTeR
M
N
D
rankly Communistic; we have powerful monopolies of one
sort entirely without legal restraint; and we have small
commercial mergers severely scrutinized. We have one
group of investors—our own citizens—operating enterprises
with their own money and paying two or three times as
much in taxes as the stockholders receive in profits; and
then we have other citizens operating, competitive enter
prises with Government money and not paying the Federal
Government a single, solitary penny!
What kind of government is this? I’ve just read the
statement of a great bank: for 1955 it paid in Federal in
come taxes $1,184,367.96 (that was less than 1-2 of all its
taxes) and paid to its stockholders less than a million dol
lars; yet the Government fosters and helps directly com
petitive lending organizations which pay little, if anything
to support the Government.
\I7TTH the farmer getting only
’ Y 4i cents out of the average
food dollar as compared with 48
cents a year ago. but with the
average housewife paying the
highest grocery bills in her life
this year, two separate inquiries
are now going on as to how come
and why?
One probe is being conducted
by Secretary of Agriculture Ezra
Taft Benson, wh;ie another is be
ing spearheaded by a Congres
sional Committee, the reason be
ing that while the farmer’s take
of the food dollar ia steadily go
ing down, the food handler'a take
is steadily going up until today
it is about 58 per cent as com
pared to 48 per cent in retail
costa 10 years ago.
Today the housewife’s dollar
for food at the grocery ia broken
down as follow*: 18 cents to the
grocer; 34 cents to the whole
saler and processor; 7 cents tor
transportation, and 41 cants to the
farmer.
Out of these figures the grocer
makes an average of one cent net
profit; the wholesaler's profit av
erages one cent end the processor
about IVfc cents; the 7 cents tor
traiisportatlon includes railway
freight, trucking of garden prod
ucts and milk and shipments from
the farm to tha processor as well
as from the processor to (he re
tail store. What profit he makes
is not known, end what profit the
farmer makes,, if any out of his 41
cants ia problematical. But what
Is known Is that tha middlemen
are making more profit today than
three or tour years ago, freight
rates are up 10% and going high
er and chain stores are expected
to show higher profits than, say
in 1851. Costs of doing business,
including local and state taxes
are also higher.
Also it has been demonstrated
that the consumers, the house
wives who buy groceries are in
large part to blame tor increas
ing costs of the so-called middle
men, the wholesalers and proces
sor#, tor accepting, and the will
ingness to pay tor better packag
ing, better displays, washed and
scraped vegetables, handy pack
aged meats, frosen foods, ready-
mixed cakes and pies, pre-cooked
hams and out of season items that
could not be purchased in a gro-
cary a dozen or more years ago.
In other words, the processor
and middleman is performing the
chores which the housewife per
formed in her kitchen a faw years
ago, and the average grocery to
day is carrying about 5,000 items
on his shelves, as compared to
about 1,000 items fifteen or twenty
years ago. As a result the food
processors are earning about 8%
net after taxes on their investment
as compared to 7 per cent prior to
World War II, and with highar
investment, dollar profits are even
greater. Bakeries, grain miliars
and dairy product firms are av
eraging higher nets today at 13
and 13 per cent with chain stores
U per cent Meat packer! do much
less with an average of about
3.7% as compared with better
than 5% pre war. But as a per
centage of sales, these procesaore
average only about 3% compared
with about 3% pre-war. The dif
ference comes from increased vol
ume and higher prices per unit
•old.
i n s r s n
Q—I am drawing disability compensation payments.
it possible far my ebooks to bo forwarded to my now address?
A—No. Under the law, VA benefit checks may not be forwarded from
one address to another. So if you are planning to move, be sure to
notify VA, and give both new and old address, full name and “CT*
number.
Q—1 am receiving n monthly pension from VA. Recently
willed mo n small pteoe of land, undeveloped. Mast I
value of this land aa tooemo?
A—The land naed not bo considered as income until E is converted into
cash by ranting or selling It And oven then, you may deduct what-
aver money you had to put into (ha land, for taxes, improvements
sad the like, in determining the net income.
Q EsssnHsUy what is toe “Gray” plan reeantty voted an to Virginia T
A—-Tha ‘‘Gray” plan proposes that too Virginia legislature aot up tos
machinery tor a constitutional oonvonticn, to amend the state con
stitution so that public money collected to taxes tor public
can bo paid tor support of private schools. It is a plan to
the integration of negroes and whites to public schools lor toms
who prefer not to do so. It does not preront those who are to favur
of integration of tha races to send their chlldran to public
where both races are in attendance. Neither does it
abandonment of public schools, although those who u
to tha plan contend teat that will be the final result to —areas
in the state.
Q—What was Benjamin Franklin*! statement with rirfsranri to a ris
ing sun at signing of too draft of too eeastttattaa?
A—He arose, pointed to'the figure on a half-sun painted «n Washing
ton’s chair and said: '*1 have often and often in tot course of too
session looked at that sun without being able to tell whether it was
rising or setting; but now at length, J am happy to know that tt is
a rising and not a setting sun.”
;vF~;vF“T; r s3”r!S B,c ~ B r“r“ , "§’r»"nBB<f ies
mm mmm ■* ifv w/u vaui isA
.#t iiui 1 •* r p % k »"wwsi ••p is 'ip te'rv t
1 f i-ii g se * B w n ft m ass r % '■*; iq e a ii w w if we as y* r v i
VVVV-V.v-
«••*V,•••
STAPLE PULLER . . . Tap with a hammer and wire
loose. Put a point on a piece of %-inch iron and you eaa pull
easily without danger of gouging out the pool or battering the ft
FREEDOM AWARD . . . Mrs. Helen Chapman (right), of Jersey-
ville, la., president of General Federation of Women’s Clubs, re
ceives “Freedom Bell Award” from Mrs. Dexter O. Arnold of
Concord, N. H.
mm