The sun. [volume] (Newberry, S.C.) 1937-1972, October 20, 1955, Image 2
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PAGE TWO
THE NEWBERRY SUN
THURSDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1955
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1218 College Street
NEWBERRY. S. C.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY
O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner
Entered as second-class matter December 6. 1937
at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under
the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.
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SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad
vance; six months, $1.25.
COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS
Senator Harry F. Byrd of Virginia enjoys the admiration,
respect and confidence of the American people; he is a real
patriot and his patriotism is of the enduring quality.
Senator Byrd, as will be seen, is calling attention again
to the condition of our National finances.
“Is it important to balance the budget?” was the subject
of a recent notable speech by Senator Harry F. Byrd, of
Virginia, whose unceasing (and sometimes single-handed)
battlq. against reckless deficit spending long since estab
lished him as the top treasury watchdog in Washington.
Balancing the Federal budget ‘without resorting to leger
demain or unsound bookkeeping methods’ assuredly falls
in the category of the country’s No. 1 problems, he declared
—and proceeded to cite facts and figures which-must be
shocking to all exponents of sound government,
i Tn the first 124 years of the life of our republic,’ the
senator pointed out, ‘wte were on a pay-as-you-go basis. In
that period I think it can be accurately said that we laid
the foundation for our strength today as the greatest na
tion in all the world.
Then in 1917, 1918 and 1919, World War I deficits ag
gregated 13 billion dollars. Heavy current taxation in those
years paid much of the war cost. The next 11 years, from
1919 to 1931, were surplus years, and the war debt was
reduced.
Tn 1932 Mr. Roosevelt came into office, and the most
outstanding plank in his platform was to reduce federal
expenditures by 25 per cent and to keep the budget bal
anced. He accused Mr. Hoover of ‘throwing discretion to
the winds and indulging in an orgy of waste and extrav
agance.’ Mr. Hoover spent 4 billion dollars in his last year,
' and the record shows that this spendthrift Hoover was the
only President to leave office with fewjer federal employees
than when he came in.
‘Mr. Roosevelt added more than 200 billion dollars tp the
public debt during his administration. He presented 13
budgets, and in every peacetime budget he promised a bal-
• ance between income and outgo for the next year, but it
turned out that next year never came. He was in the red
all the way, and in every year of his administration a sub
stantial deficit was added to the public debt.
There were eight Truman budgets. Three were in the
black—those for the fiscal years 1947, 1948 and 1951. Two
resulted from war-contract cancellations following the end
of the war, and the third resulted from increased taxes for
the Korean war before the war bills started coming due.
Five Truman budgets were in the red.
Mr. Eisenhower has presented two budgets—both in the
red but on a declining basis. The Eisenhower deficit estim
ates for fiscal years 1955 and 1956 aggregate 7 billion
dollars as compared to the last Truman budget which alone
contemplated a 9 billion dollar deficit.
The cold facts are that for 21 years out of the last 24
we have spent more than we have collected . . . We have
abandoned the sound fiscal policies strictly adhered to by
all political parties and all Presidents for considerably more
than a century of our existence.
It is ^the quarter of a century of deficit spending which
how makes balancing the budget so imperative. Young men
and women born in 1930 have lived in the red virtually all
their lives. Our acceptance of deficit spending'-for so long
a period has weakened public resistence to the evils of
this practice. Bad habits are hard to change.
Will the deficits become permanent and continue to pile
debt upon debt until real disaster comes? If we cannot bal
ance the budget in this day of our greatest dollar income,
yhen taxes are near their peak, I ask: When can we?
Today * thedirect debt of the"federal government is 280
billion dollars. Our debt is equivalent to the full value of
all the land, all the buildings, all the mines, all the mach
inery, all the livestock—everything of tangible value in
the United States. I think no one can deny we are mort
gaged to the hilt.
If we add to this federal debt the debts of the states
and localities, wte have* an amount in excess of 300 billion
dollars in direct public obligations. This is five times as
much a the total public debts in 1939, the gross national
product—the output of our factories, farms, etc.—^increas
ed less than four-fold. Thus, the currency is diluted.
These direct debts'are not all of our obligations. In ad
dition, we have contingent liabilities totaling 250 billion
dollars which the federal government has guaranteed, in
sured and otherwise assumed on a contingent basis i.. For
ty billion of this contingent liability is in some 40 federal
housing programs, and from recent disclosures of graft and
windfall profit, it is evident that a substantial percentage
of these contingent liabilities eventually will become a
draft on the treasury.
‘Since I have been in the senate,’ says Senator Byrd, in
terest alone on the federal debt has cost the taxpayer of
this country more than 75 billion dollars. At present rates
on the federal debt at its present level, interest on it will
cost upwards of 150 billion dollars in the next 20 years.’
With 48 other senators, Harry Byrd has proposed a new
plan of making federal appropriations—a single appropria
tion bill setting forth not only requested appropriations for
the future, but also unexpended balances available in prior
appropriations. This ‘one budget’ plan (which includes an
item veto for the President) would definitely fix responsib
ility for expenditures and also enable congress to control
them in a manner that can be considered in view of avail
able revenue. This remedial legislation has three times
pased the Senate—but has not yet been acted on by the
House of Representatives.
Isn’t it about time the country’s taxpayers began writing
more letters to their congressmen Hadn’t we better do
something about Senator Byrd’s urgent warning before it
is too late?
I am quoting from an article published in The People-
Sentinel of Barnwell. Editor B. P. Davies, Jr,, has used
this by special permission; and I find his example worthy
of emulation: ' .
“One of the Founding Fathers said that ours is a govern
ment of laws—and not of men. Only through adherence to
law can the rights of all be maintained.
The Supreme Court Segregation decision of May 17, 1954,
departed from this sound doctrine. The only authorities
quoted w;ere not legal, but alien-minded ‘specialists.’
The great issue involved is not between whites and ne
groes. It is whether alien-minded pressure groups shall be
permitted, through either the Executive, the Legislative
or the Judicial branches, to force a fundamental change in
our form of government. Public education has, always been
a function of the states and localities. T segregation de
cision, made under communistic pressure, would force fed
eral control in a vitally important field.
Most of the 16 million negroes in the United States are
descended from men and women brought here through en
slavement, the first as early as 1620. This slave trade was
one of the worst blots on American history.
When, through the civil war, the negroes won emanci
pation, they, naturally had a long way to go. And they have
gone a very long way, in spite of the shortsighted Northern
politicians who in the days of so-called ‘Reconstruction’
placed the white population of many Southern States un
der the control of negroes. ‘Reconstruction’ was abandoned
in 1877, and from then on whites and negroes in various
sections of the country has got along increasingly Well.
Ever since Roosevelt recognized Soviet Russia in 1933,
the Communists have sought to stir up negro disaffection.
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★ AUTHOR OF "HOW TO STOP WORRYING AND START LIVING” ^
RS. AILEEN HARRISON, R. R. #5, Hamilton, .Ontario, Canada,
missed a great pleasure for years because of her fear of water.
At eight years her sister, along with a group of older girls, took her
to the beach. When they wete ready to go in bathing, the girls all
dressed in their lustre bathing suits decided they were going to duck
her. Being much smaller and younger, she was taken kicking and
screaming and fighting into the water and ducked.
After that day it was years before she went in
bathing again.
They have a summer cottage on Lake Erie, and
spend a certain part of each summer at the cottage
Last summer she had her two little grandchildren
with her, Billy, 5, and Pat, 6 years old. Billy would
climb up on a high stone in the water and fall over
frontwards or backwards, and come up smiling
Pat insisted on trying to teach his grandmother
the dead man’s float, going over it dozens of times.
But Mrs. Harrison just couldn’t let herself go. The
other adults in their parties always had such a grand time in the water,
and don't think she didn’t envy them their fun. But she was always
left to play with the children.
Thai one day she did it, and it wasn’t so bad. She tried it again
the dead man’s float. Every day after that she drent into the water
and under she went. Now she had overcome her fear of the water—by
just doing what she feared the most.
CARNEGIE
CROSS f/y
Ideos
From the Italy News-Herald,
Italy, Texas: The recent exchange
visit of Russian and American
farmers was on the surface an
encouraging beginning of more
friendly relations between the two
countries and the reception the
visitors received in the United
States was typically American.
As the enthusiasm attendant to
such a radical change in rela
tions has time to cool off, how
ever, we wonder if perhaps we
weren’t “taken” by the Russians.
Beyond any question of doubt
they Were the ones who profited
by the exchange. There has been
nothing reported by Americans
who visited Russia to indicate
they picked up one bit of infor
mation that would help us. There
has been nothing to indicate that
they saw any product of soil or
breeding barns that should be
imported into the U. S. to further
our agricultural program, yet the
Russians made purchases of live
stock and seed as a result of their
visit here.
In outward appearances the
Russians are abandoning their
warlike attitude of the past 10
years and currying the favpr of
the free world, but just how mu^h
sincerity is there in this sudden
switch? We are often prone to
think of war material only as
"BOOK* JOHNS AIR CORPS . . .
r " Shaw, 56,
head football
of O. S. Air Force Acad-
Colorado; Springs, Colo,
coached at Saata Clara
mt It, aad led Sam Francisco
This an' That
Ty Cobh stole second, third and
home in one inning three times
in hie career. The record still
stands . • • Brooklyn Dodger Coach
Billy Hormaa was the National
Leagno second baseman in It
straight All-Star games .. . Rookie
relief pitcher Ed Roebuck of the
Dodgers led the International
Leagno in 1954 in complete games
with 2t . . . A1 Kaline, Detroit’s
21-year-old rightfielder, now holds,
with Ty Cobb, the distinction of
being the youngest player ever to
take the American League batting
championship . . For the
straight year, Ted Williams miscfiil
out on the American Leagno title
because he was not at bat the re
quired 490 times daring the
son. Ted bit .254 bat stepped to
Die plate only 224 times . . . Only
three weeks after he
915,444 eontract, 1. C.
-S!
manpower, guns and ammunition,
but such Is no longer true. Any
thing that betters the economic
welfare of a nation enhances its
war-making potentialities.
Armies at one time were able to.
largely sustain themselves from
the captured provender of nations
\hey were overrunning. There was
little strain on the people back
home to provide food for their
fighting forces. No longer is this
so possible, however. Modern war
fare largely destroys everything
In advance of armies. Modern war
fare calls for a vast ^manufactur
ing machine back of the soldiers.
Increased agricultural output is
a must under such circumstances
and the war-waging nation that
cannot produce an abundance of
food and fiber, is about as helpless
as one that cannot produce guns
and explosives. It is logical to
assume that Russia ha& come to
recognize this fact and as she once
concentrated on manufacturing the
tools of warfare is now centering
every effort on' increasing the food
she needs to sustain her armies.
We were fooled by the Russians
as World War II drew to a close.
That happened in top level con
ferences. Let us be alert to see
that something similar does not
occur at the grass roots level
now. /
* : -
I T COULDN’T happen in any
othter city except Washington.
If an industry employing 10,000
people were to pull up stakes and
move out of any other city in the
country except Washington, all
the civic organizations including
the Chamber of Commerce and
the business firms would be up in
arms opposing the move. It works
the other way in Washington.
The huge Central Intelligence
Agency, with 10,000 employees
has been holding open hearings to
get the best offers to move out of
Washington either over into Vir
ginia or Maryland. They have the
best wishes of official Washington
from the Board of Commissioners
on down the line.
CIA is to build a new building
to cost $46,000,000. If they take up
a city block in Washington, it will
mean razing tax-paying buildings
and taking over more land, tax
free by the Federal Government.
The City of Washington cannot
afford to lose any more taxpaying
property. The City says they are
already losing 'money servicing
government buildings and govero-
mept land which is tax free, and
the city can’t afford to pile mor£
taxes onto the tax-paying public.
As for the 10,000 employees, there
is little or no more room to build
houses within the District of Co
lumbia, and most of these em
ployees already live outside the
District in nearby Maryland and
Virginia. •
So, let the CIA go build its build
ing somewhere else, is the feeling.
The Big Stores already have
branches at a half dozen nearby
towns. It will mean that another
new big suburban shopping center
will be set up.
The same thing is true in con
nection with the Atomic Energy
Commission, which has blessing of
the city fathers in building its
new $10,000,000 home some eighteen
miles out of Washington in Mary
land. It means new homes, new
shopping centers in a brand new
development outside the District
of Columbia.
It’s another tough blow to down
town merchants and the money-
losing Capital Transit Company,
but this firm already has had its
charter cancelled and the city is
looking around for some big in
vestment capitalist to step in and
salvage the transit system. Up te
now there have been no takers,
of the $20,000,000 transit system.
• • •
Flexible price supports have
been in force for about a year.
And yet the Government nas an
nounced that the Commodity Cred
it Corporation lost a record $799,-
061,444 during the 12 months end
ing last June 30. It was more
than $3 million over the loss dur
ing the preceding twelve months.
The loss in fiscal 1954 was $419,-
477,074, which was the all-time
high up to this last fiscal year.
The CCC now has $7,069,277,000
tied up in price support opera
tions, over $1 billion more than a (
year earlier. It was to avoid such
huge financing and to cut down
losses and farm surpluses, that
the Administration forced through
Congress its flexible price support
program now in effect.
..a
'.m
• v ;
i n g t o n ;
Q—Is the Federal Trade Commission one of the Independent Agencies
of the Government? *
A—That is a moot question. As originally set up by Congress, the Fed
eral Trade Commission was qn Independent Agency, since it pro
vided for a bipartisan commission, three member of one party,
two of the other, named by the President, with Senate approval—
with the Commission to elect a chairman, and the full commission
riwmfng the members of the staff under strict civil service regula
tions. Today, however the President names the chairman of the
Commission, as he does other members, and the chairman has
sole authority to select a staff through political appointments, and
without regard to civil service. There are some who maintain that
this situation makes # jhe Commission an adjuct ef the executive
Department, responsible to the President, rather than an inde
pendent agency responsible to Congress.
Q—Can the President veto a constitutional amendment?
A No. The President has nothing to do with adoption of amendments
to the constitution. Such amendment resolutions must be passed
by a two-thirds vote in both houses of congress and ratified by
' three-fourths of the states.
Q—What Is an executive Order?
A—Executive orders are those issued by the President (1) which pre
scribe general regulations for the practical operation of an act of
(2) which direct -some detail in the administration
of tiie government.
q -Art there any conditions under which election of a president can
be dispensed with?
A—No. The Constitution says that a president shall hold office “during
the term of four years.”
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
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the fermer flftneis
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RAPT POURING .
that tt can be tilted easily te
takes np little specs, le tilted
a large dram late
ea “rocker” ge
1. Crenate means (a) bnrned; (b)
holes.
2. Histrionic refers to (a) history; (b)
of mind.
3. Sapient means (a) slow; (b) wise; (c)
ANSWERS
’••lit *S
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I; (e)
theater; (e) a
drained of flald.
I In 1935 th4y published a pamphlet, “The Njegroes in Soviet
America.”The Economic Council brought out an offset ed
ition, copies of which may be still obtained from us. (Price
25 cents.) li -
The purpose of “Negroes in Soviet America” was to urge
the negroes of the Southern States to stage a bloody re
volt against the whites, form a Soviet union. But the ne
groes were too intelligent and patriotic to fall for this
scheme. So the Communists went to work in more indi
rect ways. Through their influence in organizations such
as the National Association for the Advancement of Color
ed peoples and others, they decided to push litigation with
a view to securing from! the Supreme Court of the United
States a decision that would force an end of segregation of
negroes and whites in all American public schools.
The 14th Amendment to the Constitution provides,
among other things that, ‘No State . . . shall . . . deny to
any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of
the law.” I may quote further next wleek.
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81 New Rexlco
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83 Came back
55 Means
50 Discourteous
00 Correlative
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10 Man’s nick
name
11 Frisky
12 A minute
groove
13 City of
Germany
21 Buddhist
pillars
23 Account
25 Bird
28 False god
28 Victim
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