Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PAGE TWO THE NEWBERRY SUN THURSDAY, JULY 21, 1955 1218 College Street NEWBERRY. S. C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937 at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS How did you spend the Fourth of July? Early in the morning of the “Glorious Fourth” I let my mind play on the birthday of this wonderful nation; I tried to recapture the thrill of those bold men of vision who led our people. Farmers and merchants played an important part in the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, though lawyers were very numerous and did most of the work. Among the signers from South Carolina were two who declared them selves to be farmers, Thomas Lynch and Arthur Middleton; Thomas Heyward declared himelf to be a lawyer and a lawyer and a farmer; Edward Rutledge was a lawyer and a soldier. #1 J}'j9||jf I wonder whether the farmers of the Revolution would have asked for or accepted special consideration from the government. Very probably not; neither the farmers of that great day nor the farmers of today seek special favors. Farmers probably did most of the fighting and most of the dying in order to win our independence. Certainly I do not mean to belittle the great service of the lawyers and merchants, but the farmers probably carried the muskets. , The demand for special rates for farmers originated with politicians; and the motive of the politicians was—and still is—to catch the farm vote. Today politicians are trying to win the Labor vote, because politicians think they can be guile our voters by favors. So far as I can understand our people, neither farmers nor workers cry for special favors; they are satisfied with fairness, equality of opportunity. No farmer asks the gov ernment to lend him money at two per cent which costs the government three per cent; and every farmer is willing to pay, or have his interest begin on the day he receives the money, not for five years. I have farm interests and I know exactly what faces the farmer in preparing to meet 'present-day conditions. He frequently lacks capital, of course, and he can’t realize a profit on his capital investment for some years; and ordi narily, no other business can use capital funds profitably in one year. But the farmer is just as willing to pay fairly as is anyone else, if he is consulted as a man of business. Our politicians, however, are lending government money at a loss. I say “GOVERNjMENT MONEY”; there is no such thing: the money in the Treasury ig the tax money paid by the taxpayers of the United States; or, else, it is money bor rowed by the government in the name of the nation and to be repaid by tax money received from all the nation. It is clear that all should pay alike; and it is equally clear that no man, no group of men, and no organization, should operate without paying taxes. If we refresh our minds with a re-baptism of the Fourth of July spirit we shall not cry and clamor for special priv ileges, special exemptions, or anything else not enjoyed by all our people. “The Declaration of Independence did not win independence; it was simply an Act of congress, declar ing what the people desired, what they felt of right be longed to them, what they determined to fight for. At the beginning of the war few indeed thought of in dependence, and when it first began to be talked about, it was very unpopular.. In November, 1775, five months after the battle of Bunker Hill, the legislature or assembly of Pennsylvania instructed its delegates in Congress to ‘dissent from and utterly reject any proposition, should such be made, that may cause or lead to a separation from our mother country.. The legislature of New Jersey followed a few weeks later in almost the same language. In December the Maryland convention declared that the people of that province ‘never did nor* do entertain any views or desires on independency’. New York and Deleware followed with similar statements; and we hear the same voice from the provincial congresses of New Hampshire and North Carolina. George Washington wrote a letter the preceding year, in which we find this expression: T am well satisfied that no such thing as independence is desired by any thinking man in -all North America.’ Years later he said that when he took command of the army at Boston he still abhored the idea of independence. Many more examples could be given, but these show the general feeling during the first year of the Revolutionary war. The spirit of independence spread from New England to Georgia, and took a powerful hold upon the people. It is true, the feeling was not unanimous. There were many Tories to the end; and even of the Whigs, especially in the middle colonies, many hesitated and counselled delay. But the great body of people came to favor, during the winter and following spring, a final break with ^England. To North Carolina must be awarded the honor of being first to act as a colony on this great subject. On April the 12th its provincial congress instructed its delegates in the general congress at Philadelphia, ‘To concur with the dele- THE BRIDGE CLUB ENJOYS A "COOK OUT gates of the other colonies in declaring independency and Rhode Island soon followed, and/ Massachusetts came Rhode Isand soon followed, and Massachusetts came third. The next to act was the Old Dominion, Virginia. The convention met at Williamsburg on the 6th day of May. That convention listened to the eloquent Patrick Henry, whose burning words of the year before were still ringing through the land: Ts life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others will take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death’. The Virginia convention went farther than any that acted before it. It instructed its delegates in Congress to actually propose independence before that body. Early in June the messenger from the Virginia conven tion reached Philadelphia. What his message was we have seen. On the 7th Richard Henry Lee offered a resolution which was seconded by John Adams. Here are the words: ‘That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be totally dissolved.’ In order to be ready to act when the right time came, a committee was chosen to draw up a suitable declaration. This committee was chosen by ballot; and Thomas Jeffer son, receiving the Highest number of votes, was made the chairman, and thus became the writer of the immortal paper. The other members of the committee were Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston. 99 A court is supposed to base its decisions on law. The law must be the Constitution or the Statutes, or other decisions by courts which have established precedents. On these precedents all lawyers rely in advising their clients. While the general impression is that the present mem bership of the Supreme Court is not burdened with heavy legal lore it is disastrous to have a body of men, sitting as the Supreme Court, who base decisions on opinions of theo rists in social science. v Says a prominent lawyer in Southern States Industrial Bulletin: Senator Eastland and hiss staff have been doing some dig ging and have come up with much valuable information concerning these people who so greatly influenced the Su preme Court’s opinion. The net of his documented findings is that most of these so-called ‘authorities’ are so far to the Left as to fully warrant his description of them as at least pro-Communist. The first authority cited by the Court is a negro, K. B. Clark. Clark is employed by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and the Senator finds it a ‘most unusual procedure for any court to accept a litigant’s paid employee as an authority on anything*. Next is one Theodore Bramfeld. According to Senator East- land, this character has been cited by the House Committee on un-American Activities as having been a member of no less than 10 organizations declared by the Committee to be Communists, Communist-front, or Communist dominated. Then he takes up E. Franklin Frazier, whose work, ‘The Negro in the United States,’ is also cited with approval by the Supreme Court. This ‘authority’ has no less than 18 citations by the House Committee on un-American Activi ties for connection with Communist causes in the United States. Three and a half columns of the Congressional Rec ord are required merely to list these activities. Says Senator Eastland: ‘E. Franklin Frazier has been too prominently and frequently identified with Communist and subversive activities for almost anyone in public life in Washington not to have been put on notice’. Then, finally, the Senator takes up the case of Dr. Gunnar Myrdal and his 16 associates whose work, ‘An American Dilemma’ is cited generally by the Supreme Court as its leading authority on modern phychology. Dr. Myrdal, the Senator finds, is a Swedish socialist brought to this country in 1937 under a grant from the Carnegie Foundation. He knew nothing about the negro problem in the United States and so was assigned 16 ‘social experts’ from the Foundation to assist him in his work. And what was the poitical col oration of there 16 ‘social experts’? They were all extreme Leftists identified with one or more Communist or Com munist-front organizations. But if Myrdal knew nothing about the negroes, and ad mitted he knew nothing, the same could be said of his self-assumed knowledge of our Constitution. On this he set himself up as an authority. The Constitution of the United Dale Carhhgie AUTHOR OF "HOW TO STOP WORRYING AND START LIVING" J AMES M McAlear, 72 Woodlawn Avenue. Needham. Massachusetts. says that two years ago worry had him well on the road toward a nervous breakdown. He was without doubt, he declares, the most apprehensive person and the biggest “worry wart" in the country. What was he worrying about? The usual things that people worry* about! First his work was getting the best at him. He would go to the office prepared to do a good day's work and get things done efficiently. Then interrup tions would start. Interruptions from the telephone, the unscheduled conference with the boss, the out- of-town customer, and so on and so on. The result would be nothing accomplished. At night he couldn’t sleep. Then he began to doubt himself. Decisions that he had made in good faith, he would wonder if he shouldn’t recall Financially he was secure. He hadn’t over-ex tended himself but no sooner had he paid one bill when he would begin to worry whether he would be able to pay the next. Finally he realized that the worst thing that could happen to him was to lose his health. So he began to worry about that! Then he suddenly made the luckiest decision in his life. He first sought the advice of three people: his wife, his pastor and his doctor. In each case the recommendation was the same. “Live for today’’, and let tomorrow take care of itself. He decided to do just that gnd now he doesn’t worry about his work. If he can’t get it done today then there is always tomorrow. When he makes a decision it is made, add he knows he will make both good and bad ones, but he finds that the good decisions outnumber the bad ones. CARNEGIE CROSS tk< From the Sbamokin Citixen, Shamokin, Pennsylvania: What standards of conduct are to apply to American servicemen who be come prisoners of the Communists? As mox ( e information becomes public about brainwashing tactics of Communist captors, public sym pathy naturally goes out to the victims of this psychological tor ture. For the policy makers in the Department of Defense, the knotty problem of prescribing correct con duct for American prisoners is being complicated by the public disposition to condone phony con fessions. t Fliers recently released by the Chinese have admitted to making “confessions’* under duress. The much publicized account of one de tails the treatment that gradually wore dowii his resistance and made him finally feel further refusal was futile. More revealing information about brainwashing is promised. These personal accounts help the general public to appreciate the ordeal of American members of the Armed Forces who have fallep into the hands/bf Bed captors. But the frank cbrnmercialization of these experiences make us wonder if a premium is not being placed on submission to the Communist brainwashers. In establishing a policy of treat ing with understanding those sub- ideqs from othbr adfltora to jected to brainwashing, the De fense Department is still concerned with countering this diabolic meth od of psychological warfare. Esprit de corps is better maintained with a tradition of heroism than it is with a record of submission. So that no unfair onus can be placed on released prisoners, the Defense Department sanctions pub lication of the experiences of those who yielded to Communist pressure only after bodies and minds were weakened by continuous mistreat ment. But there is danger in re peated publications Of these ac counts that the standards of con duct % for Americans prisoners of war .will be lowered. For the security of America still depends on the will of the soldier to die for his country. From the Chickssha Star, Chick- qfha, Oklahoma: Wit^i the vacation season upon ys, here are sugges tions on places to go for folks having trouble deciding on a par ticular spot. A trip back to the old home town: The only drawback to this type of vacation is that the fellow who went to the big city to make good is sure to bump into a lot of old friends who stayed home and made out better. A camping trip: This is recom mended to people who enjoy life in the raw—especially food. / S OME of the Washington politi cians, and indeed, the conserv ative columnists, are attempting to read into the recent elections in Britain in which the Conservative or Tory party won a sweeping victory, as a bitter blow to liberal ism in politics, and a trend toward old-fashioned stand-patism. These politicians, applying the British election returns to the United States, profess to interpret them as a boost for conservative Republicans and a blow at liberal Democratic policies. Or if the shoe is on the other foot, an impending boost for conservative Democrats and a defeat for the liberal ele ment in the Republican party. However if a person takes the trouble to read some of the cam paign promises and campaign boasts of the so-called Conservative party in Britain, the realization will dawn upon him that policies of the British conservative government are more liberal than the wildest dreams of any New Deal Demo crat, or of the fondest hopes of any of the so-called liberal Republi cans. Here are some of the cam paign boasts and slogans in the British election which resulted in a landslide vote for the Tories over the British labor party! „ “Our party’s pledge to build 300,000 houses a year was derided by our opponents as impossible to fulfill ... In fact, almost 350,000 were built last year and the Con servative government has already provided a million new homes." This refers to public low-rent hous ing. Compare these figures on pub lic housing to the 35,000 asked by the Eisenhower administration and 100,000 asked by the Democrats in the Congress. Hie conservatives boasted of a record number of new schools built and of teachers recruited; it in creased all social service benefits in its first year in office and again raised pensions and benefits. As a part of “our policy of maintaining full employment, we aim to attract the widest variety of new industrial enterprise". .' .“We intend to in crease capital investment in new pits and major construction schemes to four times what it was when we took over in 1951"—this reference was to the government- owned coal mines. Now hear this—" By support prices, deficiency payments and other means, we shall uphold the principle of the 1947 Agricultural act . . . three out of every four farm cottages will be linked to a main electricity supply ... we have doubled the amount paid an nually in grants for rural water supplies and sewerage; this pro gram will be kept up and further funds made available." Does this sound like conservative standpatism as we know it in the United States? “Our aim is to en sure that every family has a decent home to live in. This indicates that the Conserva tive party in England is willing to go the Socialist Labor party one better and give the British people what they want. There is no indica tion that the Tory party victory was because of a trend toward con servatism, rather that the victory was because of the party's trend towarg liberalism. ■ ■ c t o n Q—Is It a fair question to ask why there Is so much unemployment when prediction is at an all-time high? A—One reason is that employment never keeps pace with production. As an example—In 1946 General Motors produced 1.1 million cars and trucks with about 203,000 workers. Today General Motors is turning out fears and trucks at an annual rate of 4.6 million with about 400,000 workers. So G.M. is producing four times as many units as it did in 1946 with only twice the number of workers. Q—Caa yeu teil me what the Federal Open Market Committee is its function? A—The Federal Open .Market Committee is composed of twelve men. Seven are the public members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system and are chosen by the President and ap proved by the Senate. The other five are presidents of the Federal Reserve Banks elected by the directors, a majority of whom in turn are selected by private commercial bankers. The Committee meets quarterly in Washington and its function is to initiate broad policy^ to coordinate investments of the individual Federal Reserve banks in government securities. They control, without answering directly to anyone, the expansion and contraction of the $29 billion security portfolio owned by the 12 Federal Reserve banks. Business between quarterly meetings is left to an executive committee of five mem* Hj - bers. Day to day operations are left to a manager of the so-called Open Market Account. He is Robert Rouse, who also is vice presi dent of the New York Federal Reserve Bank. Q—When was the Department of Treasury created? A—The first Congress on Sept. 2, 1789 established the Department od Treasury and Alexander Hamilton was appointed the first Secretary, assuming office Sept 11, 1789. v « v CROSSWORD PUZZLE ■V- PUZZLE N«. ACROSS 1 City of Italy 8 Trunk of U Protection for an tn- 1* Fruit 14 Rockflch 18 Thick black substance 17 Pastry (pl.) 18 Trieste win® 20 title id of fuel 83 Beast of burden 94 Be eoatlnsent 25 Babylonian deity 27 Mineral spring 28 Volume 29 To incite 30 Emmets 32 Teutonic deity 33 Traps 35 Excavation 36 Bacterlolo- fist’s wire 38 Slake lace edging 39 Occupy a seat 40 Skin 41 Facial ex- preesion 43 Noise 44 Salutee 47 Japanese measure 49 Former Russian ruler Pronoun Scotch for JpU 87 Portico 89 Rancor 81 Raised, as - S lf ball mce 84 BladkMrd 65 Ostrich-1 Ike birds 98 Part of 70 Paradises 71 Middays DOWN 1 Advances 2 Heating vessel 3 Educational association abbr.) 4 _ 5 Wa 0 Bun (Bp.) 7 Correlative of either 8 Rodent 9 Cooky ' 10 Fabled monsters U Individual IS Storehouseu 14 Wanders 18 A connective IS Look at fixedly 29 Body of water (pl.) ^rjTiaaMariainran iaaTiiiaalannlnnn ini'! »r to 21 Lease v 24 Rhymster 28 By 29 U. S. Presft- ■ dent 30 River teland 31 Painful spoil 34 Philippine negrito 38 Transfix 37 French for summer 39 Title of respect 40 War god 41 Grain to be ground 43 Lassoes 43 A btrd (pl.) 48'Departed mtm <«) 1. The month of the lies wide. 2. Todny Elver Is (n) If ; (b) 67; (e) 191 <*) Mf,M6 miles; (b) is (a) three; (b) five; (e) *3ue| i ** ■ am* ** H«« L91 *1 Yf'-'S'l ' IT mea0ma IT TT«BE"-ar~r' it ’ I Aft 10 # **? , ; States is ‘impractical and unsuited to modern conditions/ he wrote, and its adoption was ‘nearly a plot against the common people’. Incidentally, all the foregoing information about Myr dal and his 16 associates was made public by the California Legislature’s Committee on un-American Activities during the time when Chief Justice Warren was serving as Gov ernor. : ' I 1-fi RANGE out m tiris V x r x If* unit is t which hoops snmsh dry.