Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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PAGE TWO THE NEWBERRY SUN THURSDAY, JANUARY 21, 1954 1218 College Street NEWBERRY, S. C. PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY O. F. Armfield, Jr., Owner Entered as second-class matter December 6, 1937 at the Postoffice at Newberry, South Carolina, under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: $2.00 per year in ad vance; six months, $1.25. COMMENTS ON MEN AND THINGS By SPECTATOR What think you of President Eisenhower? We’ve had him a year. Any general estimate of this National Administra tion will show quite a bit of confusion. The President has ideas and ideals, but he wavers sometimes in applying them. That is to be expected in this time of pressures. Only a super-man can drive ahead in a straight line when so many opinions are twisted and tangled. We are becoming, or have become, a Nation of special in terests. This time it isn’t Wall Street or other financial groups; they have been given a back seat, although some one howls about Wall Street now and then. The special in terests which are always up in arms and fighting are various organizations of all kinds, creeds, colors and programs. Pro bably all mean well and probably all do good in some mea sure. However, they are full of zeal and crusading spirit and command a lot of attention and consideration. President Eisenhower is inviting opposition needlessly, at times. It cannot be, doubted that he will embroil this Na tion in difficulties at home that will remind the world of England’s years of strife with Ireland. If President Eisenhower had not fallen under the influence of some fanatics the racial problems would not have become so alarming. If he had read the Constitution of the United States with historical perspective he would have seen that the States have vast reserved powers. I repeat that: the vast reserved powers are not inherent powers of the National Government, but reserved pow T ers of the States. Let me quote what I refer to: “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” It is a rule of interpretation, therefore a rule of law, that any restriction on the powers of the States must be closely, strictly construed, for the ' States voluntarily surrendered certain powers in order to form the Nation. And the States tried to state clearly what powers they conferred on the National Government. Then the States, on thinking it over, adopted an amendment, which I have quot ed, in which they clearly reserve to themselves all the pow ers not granted by .them to the. Nation. 1 Unfortunately w T e have adopted the idea that the Supreme Court can make the law, for if the Supreme Court may turn and twist obvious provisions of the Constitution then the Supreme Court is making a Constitution. Frankly we need a check on the Supreme Court, or we may find ourselves pil grims in a foreign land, by edict of a court. The Supreme Court itself, in 1911, said: “Among the powers of the State not surrendered—which power therefore remains with the State—is the power to so regulate the rel ative rights and duties of all within its jurisdiction as to guard the public morals, the public safety, and the public health, as well as to promote the public convenience and the common good.” Some suits before the Supreme Court of the United States are clearly suits against the State. The Eleventh Amendment forbids that. While nominally the parties are from this State the real party is a National organization. Reading the interpretations of the Court, even under the spell of the hysteria following the Civil War, we find that jthe Court was inclined to interpret the law as law, instead of ‘as*a political procedure to promote political parties, oh in dividuals seeking favor. , In 1874, 1896 and 1917 the Supreme Court considered the “privileges and immunities of citizens of the* United States,” when certain State laws were under challenge. It ruled in One case “The subject involved was one affecting the citizen of the State and not the citizen of the United States.” “The Fourteenth Amendment did not transfer protection of all Civil rights to the Nation,” said the Court in 1872. If we would study, interpret and apply the law, as lawyers, not as social theorists and propagandists; and not as ambit ious politicians seeking votes, we should find that the States, all States, have exercised the prerogative to protect them selves even against Constitutional requirements. Wl&t about divorce? Have you read the case of McCreery vs Davis? What says the Constitution? “Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State.” South Carolina, and most other States, have protected themselves by adopting con ditions and restrictions, as all lawyers know. President Eisenhower has done mhch to purify the atmos phere, politically, and I regard him as an honest man who seeks to serve the Nation patriotically and helpfully. In general, he has made a promising start, with one or two home runs, a couple of base hits, several bases on balls, one or two long fouls; and he has struck out once or twice. He does very well against speed artists, but le fans on the curves. And it is. the curve pitchers he must watch— those men who throw twisters that don’t come across the plate. ELEPHANT BOY OETS TOUGH “If we may depend on one thing in life, it is that nature never stands still. The conditions for success yesterday were completely different from conditions for success today. Em pires and cities that were powerful and rich in the past and believed that their day in the sun was destined to last for ever are today, in the majority of cases, either backward, de serted, or a shadow of their former self. The whole secret of success in practical life is, in my opinion, to find out the trends of nature and adapt yourself to them. Looking at the long-term march of nature’s empire, in my mind two things stand out: (a) That the seat of dominant power in the world has been constantly moving West. (b) That in nature’s particular period in which we are liv ing, the rewards for success are given to those in the cold, stormy climates capable of mastery over the art of mass pro duction. The more you study earlier civilizations, the more you find the dominant powers were located in areas of warm dimate. This was true in the days when countries like Babylon, Egypt, Turkey, Greece, Persia and China had cultures that each in its time was the greatest then existing. But nature is always changing the climate on this earth and with it ‘the rules of the game.’ For example, in the eras of history when the warm countries were the dominant powers, what were the types of skills that nature demanded from her lead ers? History shows us that the man capable of working skillfully with his hands, whether it be in the making of handmade pottery, metal wares, ships, farms or homes, was the type that collected the rewards of success. In the easy-going, quiet tempo of these warm weather civilizations, the poet, the philosopher, the man skilled in the operation of boats using only handpower and sails, was the type to whom nature gave the laurels of success. Some have felt that in primitive civilizations, the reason that the warm countries were always on the top was the fact that without proper fire, clothing and housing, civilization could not exist in the cold er areas of the world. Be that as it may, we saw the center of power shift west wards to the Mediterranean countries, such as the Roman civilization. But it still kept on the move and, it is hard for many to believe now that by 1760 the little country of Holland was the most powerful economic center of the world, with France running her a close second. By the year 1815, the center of economic power had moved on to London and we were to see a new type of skill demanded by nature for world leadership. We were to see, also, the rise and develop ment of a great generation of English industrialist mer chants and world traders. Now, it seems strange to many of you to go into all this to determine the trends of nature in the future but, to understand future trends, we must under stand also the past strange work of nature. The rise of Eng land to the greatest position in the world about a century and a half ago practically ushered in the BEGINNING OF CONTROLLING POWER BY COLD, STORMY CIVILIZA TIONS, AS NATURE GAVE THE REWARDS OF LEAD ERSHIP TO THOSE WHO COULD MASTER THE MANY ARTS OF THE NEW INDUSTRIAL AGE. It is always a debatable point as to whether the rise of the present INDUSTRIAL AGE WAS DUE TO THE INVEN TION OF FIRE AND MAN’S INCREASED CONTROL OVER NATURE OR NOT. At any rate, the last century saw the British in their stormy climate the unchallenged leader of the world and master of the seas. She undersold all of her competitors and became not only tlie banker for the world, but the center of culture as well. But gradually na ture, in her constant movement to the west, started new in dustries on the Atlantic Coast where the climate was even more rigorous and stormy than in England and where there were many natural advantages. By the year 1900 when the steel mills of Pittsburgh were able to undersell not only the English but all other world competitors, it was obvious that once again the seat of economic control in the world had moved on from England to the Atlantic seaboard of this country. Thus, great cities, great financial empires, and grv.at for tunes were built up, first, in England and the cities on the Atlantic Coast itself, and then they gradually began to move WEST to the inland part of the country. And so, al most overnight, we found nature handing the laurels of dominant leadership to mi' 1 estern areas such as Ohio and 7 Uhl; an—and it became evident that the Atlantic seaboard in industry and in financial power, was declining in im portance, as London did, when the seat of power .moved onwards loin her in nature’s relentless march to the west. The question of the times ap pears to be: Will the pencL.Ium swing from Korea to Indo China? Recently it appeared, at least momentarily, that Synguman Rhce intends to back away slowly from his or.ce strongly avowed policy of threatening military action if he found political negotiations on na tional unification not to his liking. In a news conference intended in the main for home consumption, Rhee changed his tune and replied to the pointed question of a news man in this fashion: “Peaceful means are the best conceivable method of achieving national unification . . I only made it clear that I would give a 90-day period to conduct political negotiations after the convocation of a formal political conference.” Rhee’s retreat was brought about, it appeared, by his realization (aid ed to some extent by visits from high ranking Americans) that the United States is willing to aid Korea with money—for rehabilita tion—but not with the supplies and ammunition—needed for war. Congress, in effect, tossed Mr. Rhee an unsuspected curve. It earmarked only $50 million for re habilitation, with $450 million more dependent upon his signing an agreement, which he very quietly signed. The victory and the retreat, how ever, could not be considered com plete, due to the unpredictable tem perament of Mr. Rhee. Had it fol lowed, rather than preceded the political conference, it could be considered truly important. Yet, ar Korean headlines became smaller and smaller, the Indo- China story moved into greater Piominence. Americans had watched with official interest and concern the inept efforts of the French and Viet Nam forces against Communist guerrillas Offi cial America was concerned, but h o involved in K rea to make the extent of tit is concern completely known. When the move came, the danger was minimized. Secretary Dulles, allowing him self to be directly quoted by news men, commented upon President Eisenhower’s decision to remove two divisions from Korea and point ed down the importance of the fact that the Communist forces were driving across the narrow waist of Indo-China. First, upon the withdrawal of troops from Korea. Dulles empha sized that our strength there would not be lessened, implying that new weapons would be sent to actually ir crease American fighting power. He spoke of highly mobile air and naval units, which were also the core of his threat to China should that nation undertake to intervene in Indo-China or resume war in Korea. Dulles expressed confidence that French forces will win out in Indo- China—eventually, and that Com munist advances in the kingdom of Loas did not pose a threat to Thai land. At this point it would seem that the stage was well set for Ameri can resistance to further Commu nist aggression in the Far East. The pattern appears simple—a growing American Navy and Air Force prepared for retaliation, ca pable of running strikes against the Chinese mainland, since Duties said Red aggression would cause consequences “which might not be confined to Indo-China.” Aur and Naval attack on the mainland, however, are “conse quences.” The threat was made to forestall aggression in Korea and Indo-China. If the Korean pot grows celder, the big explosion could come any day in Indo-China. Dale Carnegie AUTHOR OF “HOW TO STOP WORRYING AND START LIVING" ★ I N THE latter part of January, 1945, Robert J. Kauffman, 432 Brown- croft Blvd., Rochester, New York, was in trouble—serious trouble, along with fourteen others who were scared to death. They had a right tc be, for they thought death was imminent. , They were dug in in the Hurtegon Forest and had no way of know ing what was on their right flank, or on their left, or to the rear. But they did know that forty yards in front of them the enemy were dug in also. Forty yards h And forty yards isn’t a great dis tance—the length of a tennis court, the distance across a busy street crossing. And, it’s also a good grenade throw. To that fourteen it looked like eter nity was their destination. During the first night the Chaplain of the outfit came up, cheerful! serene and full of good news. He said that they weren’t surrounded. There were “Yanks” on the right flank, and on the left,*and to CARNEGIE the rear. He told them of the men from their outfit who had been killed, or wounded, or were missing. And of those who were still with them. And he had them repeat after him the 23rd Psalm: “Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil. . Before he left, all felt better. They were there for two days. During that time they had a lot of time to talk, and the one thing most of them talked al jut was why dhe Chaplain seemed to have no fear. One of the men exclaimed, “That’s his job. He has his rank and is getting paid to raise our morale.” But the others decided that was all wrong. The Chaplain knew no fear because he had a great belief. When they walked out of there two days later, none had lost his fear, but all had learned to control it. And all had learned two things: FIRST: There are no atheists in foxholes. SECOND: It’s necessary to have a strong belief in something. Here’s the Answer riEinaEiun P" aosDEi HORIZONTAL 1,8 Pictured actor 13 Lined 14 Safe 15 Diminutive suffix 16 Rim 18 Dash 19 D,uet (music) 20 Accosts 22 Recede 23 Georgia (ab.) 24 Area measure 25 Pronoun 27 Two (prefix) 28 Puff up 30 Swift 32 Extinct bird 33 Distant 34 Lines of junction 36 Public storehouse 39 Boy’s nickname 40 Biblical pronoun 41 Concerning 42 Chemical suffix 43 Penpoint 45 Condiments 50 Winglike part 51 He is a movie 53 Chew 54 Cut 55 Vegetation dominance 57 Reprieve 59 Attire 60 Negotiator VERTICAL 1 Supply feathers 2 Ceremony 3 Within (comb, form) 4 Scottish river 5 Sun god 6 Brain passage 21 Feels pain 7 Grant 8 Myself 9 One-spot 10 Dominate 11 English poet 12 Low herb 14 Placed 17 Earth goddess 20 Oils 24 Pigmy 26 Roofing 29 Wine cup 31 Age 34 Felt 35 Reviser 37 Courteous 38 Click beetle 44 Foundation aUEKEQEl 46 Era 47 Not (prefix) 48 Vehicle 49 Pitcher 50 Descended 52 Legal matters 54 Watering place 56 Rupees (ab.') 58 Compass point RESSIONAL A S' V Q—Why are Congressional committee chairmanships concentrated regionally? A—Under the seniority rule, the chairman of a committee generally is the member of the majority party with the longest contmuous service on that committee. Members of Congress from states which habitually vote for one party tend to build up the greatest continuous seniority. Under Democratic control most committees were headed by Southerners and members from Democratic strongholds in the West. In the 83rd Congress, the bulk of chairmen are from “safe” Republican states in the Eastern. Central, and Western regions. q—Why are Congressional tours around the world called “junkets?' A—The derivation is believed to stem from the Latin “juncus,” meaning “rush” or “reed.” The French called a dessert served in a rush basket a “junquet,” while the Italians call a similar sweet dish a “giuncata.” In old English, a junket was any sweetmeat or delicate food. Later, a junket became a feast or party away from home, and finally a trip by an official at public expense. Some Congression al “junkets” are paid for by the participants. Q—How big is the small business lobby? A—More than a dozen pressure groups are active on Capitol Hill in behalf of small business. Among them are: National Federation of Independent Business, Smaller Business of America, National As sociation of Independent Business, Inc., National Small Business Meh’s Association, Conference of American Small Business Organ izations. Smaller Business Association of New England. American Association of Small Business, Smaller Manufacturers Council, Small Business Men of America. Small Business Council American Business Congress and Council of Independent Business. (Copyright 1953, Congressional Quarterly) From the South Pasadena Re view, South Pasadena, California: In the comparatively recent past the locai newspaper was about the only place where merchants could advertise their wares. Since then, other important media have come into existence—notably the radio and television. But, despite the inroads these have made on re tailers’ advertising budgets, the newspaper is still the dominant factor in the field by a wide margin. The local newspaper offers® the surest means of . reaching the masses of the people—whether with a news story or an editorial opinion or an advertising message. And that’s why merchants place it first when dividing up their advertising appropriations. Incidentally, one wonders if there are still people who regard advertising as a waste which adds unnecessarily to the cost of goods. Actually, advertising acts as a possible factor in holding prices down by creating the widest pos sible demand for merchandise, ' thus making mass production and mass distribution possible. * » • From the Iron Ore and Reflector, East Lansing, Michigan: Various polls of public opinion and studies made by the American Legion, the American Bar Association, out standing newspapers and universi ties shov' the shocking ignorance of the basic principles which have made America. For example, one poll shows that only one in four knows what the Bill of Rights is; another poll reveals only three in ten know the difference between enterprise ancf state socialism; an other that 65 per cent of wage earners believe that more is paid by corporation to stockholders than to workers. In addition, millions believe that “5 per cent” of the people own 95 per cent of the wealth. It’s plain that so long as these beliefs are current and these ignorances prevail, the American system is in danger. • * * From the Arvada Enterprise, Arvada, Colorado: Apparently the battle for Republican leadership between President Eisenhower and Senator Joe McCarthy has begun. If the winner of this battle is to be come the Republican party’s presi dential candidate in 1956, I hope that Eisenhower is the winner. As a Democrat, I believe Mc Carthy would be an easy candidate to beat, but as an American citi zen, I’d hate to think that anybody as irresponsible as the Senator has proven himself to be, might become the head of this greut nation of ours. Clemson’s Olin Hall Marks Growth of The Industry In S.C. CLEMSON—The recent completion of Olin Hall Ceramics Building at Clemson College is a monument to the progress of the infant ceramic industry in South Carolina. The build ing was designed to demonstrate the various methods of pro ducing ceramics and allied products. The building itself is native brick, made from South Caro lina Kaolin, and manufactured in South Carolina. The ex terior features a ceramic tile abstract representing the glass blowing industry and ceramic products. On the floor of the lobby of Olin Hall is a map of the state of South Carolina in ceramic tile. Located on the map in con trasting colors are the various geological deposits found in South Carolina which are used in the ceramics industry. In the upper region of the state is a strata representing sili cate; through the center of the state, the strata represents kaolin; in the lower part of the state, near Beaufort, the strata represents glass sand; and near Rock Hill is a circle representnig topaz. ' The walls of the lobby are of textured Colorado marble, the finest obtainable. At the end of the lobby is a glass wall to display the kiln laboratory. Here the visitor may see ovens and equipment in operation in the making of all types of ceramic products. At the end of the building is a huge pilot laboratory 25 feet high, with a mezzanine balcony to allow visitors to watch the operations here. In this pilot laboratory there is a machine which takes crushed soil and rock and extracts pure minerals from the soil. There are three laboratories on the first floor for glass blowing, enamel work and casting. On the second floor, various ceramics products are displayed in glass cases. Throughout the building are all available colors of ceramic tile.